31:
49:
229:. The galls, formed of flattened projections, often enclose the immature acorn. The galls first appear pink in colour and as they mature they turn red, then green and finally brown during their development. Previously the causer of this stage was known as
213:
The sexual phase appears on catkins as rounded structures (6 mm × 3–4 mm) possessing a characteristic point, and when young are covered with fine hairs. The galls, shiny and hard, turn red in colour and then black or dark purple.
260:
As stated, two forms of galls exist for this species, the asexual phase inducing the acorn cup gall on the cups in late summer and the sexual phase inducing rounded galls on the oak catkins in spring.
955:
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236:
Although normally distinctive the asexual acorn cup gall can, under some growth conditions, be mistaken for the
206:
Acorn cup galls develop as a chemically induced distortion of the growing acorn cups on oak trees, caused by
717:
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765:
694:
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393:
143:
797:
622:
172:
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540:
353:
43:
940:
397:
945:
630:
569:
G. Melika; G. Csóka; G. N. Stone; K. Schönrogge (2002). "Parasitoides reared from galls of
927:
545:
358:
218:
498:
626:
836:
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on oak tree acorn cups and sexual phase galls on catkins. Synonyms include
932:
782:
656:
120:
854:
326:
has been recorded from the United
Kingdom, Spain, Belgium, and Israel.
867:
221:
phase, about 10 mm across, develops on acorn cups of
English oak
90:
70:
759:
390:
British Plant Galls. Identification of galls on plants & fungi
606:"Gall wasps and their parasitoids in cork oak fragmented forests"
802:
763:
252:, although usually found on acorns, is also found on buds.
604:
Guillem Chust; Lucas Garbin; Juli Pujade-Villar (2007).
210:
which lay eggs within the tissues of the acorn cup.
772:
8:
493:
491:
760:
29:
20:
665:Global Biodiversity Information Facility
388:Margaret Redfern; Peter Shirley (2002).
369:
513:from the original on 23 September 2010
383:
381:
379:
377:
375:
373:
476:from the original on 3 September 2010
454:"Galls on English or Pedunculate Oak
7:
842:352d1d40-a631-4d36-b8c9-51e077f91764
186:(Belizin & Maisuradze, 1961),
14:
718:"New Oak Galls in Worcestershire"
268:One study identified twenty-four
755:Sexual generation on oak flowers
635:10.1111/j.1365-2311.2006.00850.x
171:is a gall wasp species inducing
47:
38:Fully developed gall on ground
716:John Meiklejohn (April 2009).
1:
691:Check-list of Israeli Insects
507:A Nature Observer′s Scrapbook
330:was first seen in Britain in
750:Cross section of agamic gall
587:Folia Entomologica Hungarica
1010:
537:British Plant Gall Society
264:Parasitoids and inquilines
240:, caused by the gall wasp
994:Insects described in 1859
149:
142:
44:Scientific classification
42:
37:
28:
23:
301:Mesopolobus xanthocerus
243:Andricus quercuscalicis
585:Muellner in Hungary".
539:. 2004. Archived from
305:Aulogymnus trilineatus
984:Gall-inducing insects
956:andricus-grossulariae
774:Andricus grossulariae
722:Worcestershire Record
659:Andricus grossulariae
614:Ecological Entomology
533:"British Plant Galls"
501:Andricus grossulariae
420:Andricus grossulariae
394:Field Studies Council
168:Andricus grossulariae
153:Andricus grossulariae
837:Fauna Europaea (new)
396:. pp. 415–419.
282:Megastigmus dorsalis
188:Andricus intermedius
135:A. grossulariae
685:Jonathan Donohaye.
627:2007EcoEn..32...82C
571:Andricus aestivalis
472:. Hainault Forest.
311:is an inquiline of
297:Sycophila biguttata
194:(Wachtl, 1879) and
687:"Family Cynipidae"
354:Oak artichoke gall
966:
965:
941:Open Tree of Life
766:Taxon identifiers
198:(Kieffer, 1897).
190:(Tavares, 1922),
184:Andricus gemellus
182:(Trotter, 1899),
180:Andricus fructuum
164:
163:
1001:
959:
958:
949:
948:
936:
935:
923:
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910:
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907:NHMSYS0020470144
897:
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858:
857:
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832:
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761:
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697:on July 21, 2011
693:. Archived from
682:
676:
675:
673:
671:
653:
647:
646:
610:
601:
595:
594:
583:A. vindobonensis
579:A. multiplicatus
566:
560:
559:
557:
555:
550:on July 16, 2011
549:
529:
523:
522:
520:
518:
499:"Acorn cup gall
495:
486:
485:
483:
481:
450:
444:
443:
441:
439:
434:on June 22, 2011
430:. Archived from
414:
408:
407:
385:
286:Ormyrus pomaceus
225:and sessile oak
155:
52:
51:
33:
21:
1009:
1008:
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928:Observation.org
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575:A. grossulariae
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416:
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387:
386:
371:
367:
359:Oak marble gall
340:
328:A. grossulariae
324:A. grossulariae
321:
313:A. grossulariae
309:Ceroptres cerri
278:Torymus auratus
274:A. grossulariae
266:
258:
250:A. grossulariae
219:parthenogenetic
217:The asexual or
204:
176:acorn cup galls
160:
157:
151:
138:
46:
24:Acorn cup gall
17:
16:Species of wasp
12:
11:
5:
1007:
1005:
997:
996:
991:
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964:
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824:Fauna Europaea
820:
807:
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769:
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757:
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744:External links
742:
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596:
561:
524:
487:
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427:Fauna Europaea
409:
402:
392:. Shrewsbury:
368:
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363:
362:
361:
356:
351:
346:
339:
336:
320:
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272:from galls of
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231:Andricus mayri
203:
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196:Cynips panteli
192:Andricus mayri
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661:Giraud, 1859"
660:
652:
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628:
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584:
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534:
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512:
508:
504:
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494:
492:
488:
475:
471:
467:
465:
462:and Holm oak
461:
458:, Turkey oak
457:
456:Quercus robur
449:
446:
433:
429:
428:
423:
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413:
410:
405:
403:1-85153-214-5
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382:
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370:
364:
360:
357:
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350:
347:
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344:Cola-nut gall
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144:Binomial name
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730:. Retrieved
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721:
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699:. Retrieved
695:the original
690:
680:
668:. Retrieved
658:
651:
621:(1): 82–91.
618:
612:
599:
590:
589:(Abstract).
586:
582:
581:Giraud, and
578:
574:
570:
564:
552:. Retrieved
541:the original
527:
515:. Retrieved
506:
500:
478:. Retrieved
469:
463:
459:
455:
448:
436:. Retrieved
432:the original
425:
422:Giraud 1859"
419:
412:
389:
327:
323:
322:
319:Distribution
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
267:
259:
249:
248:
241:
238:knopper gall
235:
230:
226:
222:
216:
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195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
167:
166:
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159:Giraud, 1859
152:
150:
134:
133:
121:
18:
863:iNaturalist
470:Plant Galls
270:parasitoids
101:Hymenoptera
973:Categories
732:August 14,
701:August 14,
670:August 14,
593:: 105–112.
554:August 13,
517:August 18,
480:August 13,
438:August 14,
365:References
276:, such as
256:Life cycle
233:(Wachtl).
227:Q. petraea
208:gall wasps
81:Arthropoda
989:Oak galls
979:Cynipidae
460:Q. cerris
349:Oak apple
334:in 2000.
332:Berkshire
293:variegata
291:Sycophila
129:Species:
111:Cynipidae
67:Kingdom:
61:Eukaryota
789:Q4759304
783:Wikidata
643:84475803
577:Giraud,
573:Giraud,
511:Archived
474:Archived
338:See also
223:Q. robur
122:Andricus
107:Family:
77:Phylum:
71:Animalia
57:Domain:
855:1309606
803:1018408
728:: 14–15
623:Bibcode
546:MS Word
464:Q. ilex
117:Genus:
97:Order:
91:Insecta
87:Class:
946:271276
894:705624
881:112261
868:549187
829:197623
816:239832
641:
400:
303:, and
173:agamic
953:PPE:
933:26787
920:75169
811:EUNIS
639:S2CID
609:(PDF)
202:Galls
915:NCBI
889:ITIS
850:GBIF
734:2010
703:2010
672:2010
556:2010
519:2010
482:2010
440:2010
398:ISBN
902:NBN
876:ISC
798:EoL
631:doi
975::
943::
930::
917::
904::
891::
878::
865::
852::
839::
826::
813::
800::
785::
726:26
724:.
720:.
689:.
663:.
637:.
629:.
619:32
617:.
611:.
591:63
535:.
509:.
505:.
490:^
468:.
424:.
372:^
315:.
307:.
299:,
295:,
288:,
284:,
280:,
246:.
736:.
705:.
674:.
657:"
645:.
633::
625::
558:.
548:)
544:(
521:.
503:"
484:.
466:"
442:.
418:"
406:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
