37:
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They do not typically generate multiple queens (polygyny) in any given hive at swarming time. Their movements are fast and rather nervous. They exhibit quick defensive reaction, nervousness, and a propensity to swarm. They do make abundant use of propolis. One or two sentry bees are always present at
265:
has the body size of
European subspecies with forewings narrower and wider abdomen. It is mostly dark brown to jet-black. The darkness is accentuated by the low tomentum and low hairiness. The queens are black almost uniform in color. They are prolific and with high fertility controlled by
243:, made by B. Adam. F. Ruttner described it in his book "Biogeography and Taxonomy of Honeybees." in base to the description of B. Adam, but like several authors prior to him (e.g., Goetze, 1964) erroneously equated this bee with the subspecies proposed by Skorikov (1929) as
383:
In
Spanish bee populations, mtDNA haplotypes of African bee strains were found to be frequently present. Migrating bee populations formed the original colonies of bee in western Europe, landing to eventually populate the continent from Africa across the
433:
different, five of them correspond to an evolutionary lineage from Africa and one from West Europa. From this, infer the hybrid nature of this subspecies, which has a predominant influence in the south of the
485:
haplotype homogeneity contrasts with the microsatellite variability, suggesting the occurrence of recent phenomena of introgression from populations with
African haplotypes, whose origin is indeterminate.
511:
824:
Nimis P.L. Vignes Lebbe R (eds.) Tools for
Identifying Biodiversity: Progress and Problems p.343 Molecular and ecophysiological characterisation of the Tunisian bee :
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the entrance of the hive. If the colony is disturbed, the sentries raise a persistent alarm. The hive attack anything that seems threatening for at least 24 hours.
959:
781:
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689:
Garnery L, Cornuet JM, Solignac M (October 1992). "Evolutionary history of the honey bee Apis mellifera inferred from mitochondrial DNA analysis".
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216:
originating from Africa (formally mis-identified as belonging to the M Lineage originating from central Asia), colonizing Iberia across the
466:
there were no major differences between different geographical locations. Morphometric studies of Apis mellifera iberiensis populations in
287:, an epithet originally proposed by Skorikov in his 1929 monograph on honey bees. Authors subsequent to Skorikov assumed in error that the
644:
997:
851:
EvolutionVol. 52, No. 4 (Aug., 1998), pp. 1119-1134 (article consists of 16 pages) Published by: Society for the Study of
Evolution
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as the only valid name for this subspecies of honey bees. B.Adam collect their views on a trip he made in 1959 to Spain and
Portugal.
992:
767:
951:
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The Origin of West
European Subspecies of Honeybees (Apis mellifera): New Insights from Microsatellite and Mitochondrial Data
311:
of
Skorikov has nothing to do with the western Mediterranean subspecie of bees, and under the rules of nomenclature the name
911:
295:
and thereby quickly adopted the name for the subspecie of bees living in Spain and bordering areas. However, the name
231:
have a length of the forewings with an average of 9.226 mm and 3.098 mm while the width of the subspecies
964:
266:
environmental conditions. The closing membrane of the cells is watery, the breeding is sensitive to some diseases.
860:
505:
F. Cánovas; P. De la Rúa; J. Serrano; J. Galián (2007). "Geographical patterns of mitochondrial DNA variation in
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987:
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where the honey bees are not native and they were introduced from Spain during the conquest of
America.
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belongs to a group shown by experiment to have similar mtD.N.A (mitochondrian D.N.A.), this including
698:
587:
576:"Mitochondrial genomes illuminate the evolutionary history of the Western honey bee (Apis mellifera)"
475:
385:
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217:
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31:
455:, is similar to that of African populations in the number of alleles detected and the values of
800:
Geographical
Overlap of Two Mitochondrial Genomes in Spanish Honeybees (Apis mellifera iberica)
796:
D. R. Smith, M. F. Palopoli, B. R. Taylor, L. Garnery, J.-M. Cornuet, M. Solignac, W. M. Brown
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is not valid for this lineage of honey bees. The corrected and valid name for the subspecie is
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255:, existing there in antiquity). Thus, the name as employed by Ruttner was an error, leaving
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459:. This suggests the genetic relationship between populations of Andalusia and North Africa.
189:
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is 9.381 mm and 3.0293 mm respectively. The first description of this bee of the
785:
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591:
200:
This subspecies is well characterized towards the south and west of a line passing from
710:
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subspecie of honey bees, the epithet referring to the Greco-Roman designation for the
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423:
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is an area of hybridization between the north of Africa and Europe, the influence of
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438:, with a North African component that is gradually replaced towards the north, with
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and based the name on the ancient Greco-Roman designation for the Georgian Kingdom,
798:
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452:
181:
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Pierre Franck, Lionel Garnery, Michel Solignac and Jean-Marie Cornuet (1997)
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48:
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247:(Skorikov, however, proposed the name for a subspecies occurring in the
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The results of microsatellites vary markedly between provinces. In
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is present in bees localized in the northern, and the influence of
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produces insulation allowing for differences between populations.
871:
16:
Western honey bee subspecies native to the Iberian Peninsula
512:
Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research
553:
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showed the Spanish Honey bee contains mtDNA similar to
752:
750:
880:
307:established in that region in antiquity. The true
422:DNA is present in the honey bees of the western
820:M.Chouchene, N. Barbouche, M.Garnery, L.Baylac
645:An adventitious distal abcissa in the forewing
378:monticola, scuttelata, adansonii and capensis
8:
739:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
684:
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630:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
283:The name often applied to this subspecie is
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360:cleavage maps obtained through the use of
20:
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574:Tihelka, E., Cai, C., Pisani, D. (2020).
656:
654:
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861:Carcaterització genètica de les abelles
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732:
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412:is more present in the south, in the
7:
803:. Oxford University Press 03/01/1991
762:(80 pages) WritersPrintShop, 2004
711:10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00170.x
14:
538:Diversitat de l'abella de la mel
525:10.1111/j.1439-0469.2007.00435.x
212:, belonging to the A lineage of
35:
447:The genetic variability of the
326:and five others sub-species of
239:was published in the magazine
1:
322:In a comparative study of
1014:
756:John E. Dews, Eric Milner
600:10.1038/s41598-020-71393-0
462:Studied be populations of
188:. It is also found on the
998:Insects described in 1999
912:Apis mellifera iberiensis
882:Apis mellifera iberiensis
826:Apis mellifera intermissa
507:Apis mellifera iberiensis
414:Apis mellifera iberiensis
409:Apis mellifera intermissa
317:Apis mellifera iberiensis
257:Apis mellifera iberiensis
229:Apis mellifera iberiensis
170:Apis mellifera iberiensis
155:Apis mellifera iberiensis
151:
144:
32:Scientific classification
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25:Apis mellifera iberiensis
23:
993:Western honey bee breeds
509:(Hymenoptera: Apidae)".
441:Apis mellifera mellifera
403:Apis mellifera mellifera
233:Apis mellifera mellifera
662:"Documento sin tĂtulo"
245:Apis mellifera iberica
550:"Honey bee locations"
137:A. m. iberiensis
759:Breeding Better Bees
476:Cantabrian Mountains
386:Straits of Gibraltar
822:openstarts.units.it
703:1992MolEc...1..145G
592:2020NatSR..1014515T
474:indicated that the
218:Strait of Gibraltar
784:2015-11-01 at the
779:vivo.colostate.edu
580:Scientific Reports
362:restriction enzyme
253:Caucasian Iberians
975:
974:
874:Taxon identifiers
833:978-88-8303-295-0
472:Iberian Peninsula
457:genetic diversity
436:Iberian Peninsula
398:Iberian Peninsula
293:Iberian Peninsula
237:Iberian Peninsula
210:Iberian Peninsula
186:Iberian Peninsula
179:western honey bee
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165:
161:Engel, 1999
123:A. mellifera
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552:. Archived from
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420:A. m. iberiensis
345:A. m. scutellata
305:Georgian Kingdom
291:referred to the
263:A. m. iberiensis
190:Balearic Islands
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351:A. m. adansonii
339:A. m. monticola
299:was based on a
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449:microsatellite
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374:A.m.intermissa
357:A. m. capensis
333:A.m.intermissa
328:Apis mellifera
324:A.m.iberiensis
280:
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214:Apis mellifera
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184:native to the
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146:Trinomial name
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697:(3): 145–54.
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668:on 2012-02-06
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556:on 2022-07-20
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470:and northern
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429:Presents six
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309:A. m. iberica
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988:Apis (genus)
881:
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848:
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805:. Retrieved
799:
792:
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735:cite journal
694:
690:
670:. Retrieved
666:the original
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626:cite journal
586:(1): 14515.
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519:(1): 24–30.
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196:Distribution
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154:
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136:
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131:Subspecies:
121:
109:
24:
18:
906:Wikispecies
453:chromosomes
285:A.m.iberica
175:Spanish bee
89:Hymenoptera
982:Categories
807:2011-12-19
672:2012-02-06
560:2018-05-19
493:References
431:haplotypes
366:intermissa
330:including
224:Morphology
182:subspecies
69:Arthropoda
691:Mol. Ecol
370:mellifera
368:and also
301:Caucasian
241:Bee World
206:Barcelona
173:, or the
117:Species:
55:Kingdom:
49:Eukaryota
939:10903478
897:Q1457010
891:Wikidata
835:EUT,2010
782:Archived
727:22494416
618:32884034
468:Asturias
464:Portugal
279:Taxonomy
270:Behavior
249:Caucasus
202:Zaragoza
95:Family:
65:Phylum:
59:Animalia
45:Domain:
952:1131786
719:1364272
699:Bibcode
609:7471700
588:Bibcode
451:of the
313:iberica
297:iberica
289:iberica
208:in the
177:, is a
105:Genus:
85:Order:
79:Insecta
75:Class:
965:200409
926:APISMB
831:
766:
725:
717:
616:
606:
392:Genoma
99:Apidae
846:JSTOR
723:S2CID
483:Cadiz
960:NCBI
947:ITIS
934:GBIF
921:EPPO
829:ISBN
764:ISBN
741:link
715:PMID
632:link
614:PMID
396:The
354:and
110:Apis
707:doi
604:PMC
596:doi
521:doi
380:.
204:to
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523::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
