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summer temperature in Iraq, occupants began to develop heat-related illnesses due to the heat buildup inside the vehicle. To resolve this problem, an air-conditioning system was installed inside many of the
Humvees fitted with the ASKs. In addition, the additional weight brought on by the ASKs and other heavy armor plating increased the likelihood of the vehicle rolling over during serious accidents, which were sometimes fatal. From March 2003 through November 2005, an analysis of the U.S. Army’s ground-accident database found that 60 of the 85 soldiers who died in Humvee accidents in Iraq were killed when the vehicle rolled.
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and ARL to develop a temporary armor kit to install onto unprotected
Humvees until more armored vehicles could be shipped to Iraq. Within a week, the engineering team led by Michael J. Zoltoski created the designs for the ASK, which integrated ballistic metals, glass, and ceramics as well as polymers
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in 2003, the U.S. forces found themselves increasingly vulnerable to guerrilla attacks from roadside bombs and RPGs when driving in
Humvees. By February 2004, more than 80 soldiers were killed by roadside bombs since the start of the war; soldiers improved armor but even that was not sufficient.
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While the introduction of ASKs onto unprotected
Humvees did offer passengers more protection, other issues with the vehicle began to appear. The armor was still not sufficient to protect passengers from IEDs, which by that time were destroying even heavily armored vehicles. Also, due to the hot
40:
The Armor
Survivability Kit consisted of armored steel doors with bullet-proof glass, protective armored plating, and a ballistic windshield and came in either a two-door kit variant (weighing 900 pounds/409 kilograms) or a four-door kit variant (weighing 1,300 pounds/590 kilograms).
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in
Maryland, after which they were ready to be shipped to Iraq along with two installers. By March 2004, 1,924 kits were shipped to Iraq and 1,636 kits were installed onto Humvee vehicles. That year, the
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rewarded ARL with an innovation award for the development of the ASK. By
January 2005, more than 9,400 kits were reportedly delivered to soldiers in both Iraq and Afghanistan.
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The Humvee was not designed for active combat and as early as 1996 people inside the
Pentagon had called for the army to develop a vehicle to protect soldiers.
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88:, which had not been approved for procurement. The issue came to public attention when troops preparing to deploy to Iraq challenged
309:"The Impact of Armor on the Design, Utilization and Survivability of Ground Vehicles: The History of Armor Development and Use"
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The ASK was first produced in response to the lack of sufficient armor protecting Humvee vehicles and supply trucks during the
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In
October 2003, less than 6 weeks after the initial design was created, 40 ASK prototypes were produced and field-tested at
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and many soldiers resorted to jury-rigging scrap metal onto the doors of unprotected
Humvees. At the same time
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403:"Does the MRAP Meet the US Army's Needs as the Primary Method of Protecting Troops from the IED Threat?"
425:"Artifacts as "Snapshots in Time" - The Campaign for the National Museum of the United States Army"
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as to why they had to resort to "hillbilly armor" scrounged from junk yards to protect themselves.
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Tank-Automotive and Armaments Command Research Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC)
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The ASK also served as a precursor to the development of the Fragmentary Armor or
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on November 15, 2011 – via Defense Technical Information Center.
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on June 11, 2017 – via Defense Technical Information Center.
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The Campaign for the National Museum of the United States Army
251:"Safer Vehicles for Soldiers: A Tale of Delays and Glitches"
381:"Many Missteps Tied to Delay in Armor for Troops in Iraq"
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in order to withstand 7.62mm machine gun fire and IEDs.
359:"Iraq-Bound Troops Confront Rumsfeld Over Lack of Armor"
450:"Armor on Iraq Humvees Is Linked to Deadly Rollovers"
221:"Hard Work, Pride at Factory Making Humvee Armor"
28:from small arms, explosive device fragments, and
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95:In response to the demand, Central Command’s
197:"Ad-Hoc Armor OK, but Check if it Meets Needs"
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53:and the rising number of deaths caused by
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334:"Troops add improvised armor to Humvees"
80:in Iraq had protected vehicles like the
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24:in 2003 to protect vehicles like the
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55:improvised explosive devices (IEDs)
22:U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL)
357:Schmitt, Eric (December 8, 2004).
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401:Russell, Robery (June 12, 2009).
20:is an armor kit developed by the
275:Gibson, T'Jae (April 18, 2013).
175:. Zenith Press. pp. 57–61.
379:Moss, Michael (March 7, 2005).
249:Moss, Michael (June 26, 2005).
149:"Armor Survivability Kit (ASK)"
407:Army Command and General Staff
123:for armored vehicles in 2004.
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18:Armor Survivability Kit (ASK)
307:Yap, Chun (September 2012).
97:Combined Joint Task Force 7
72:U.S. troops had to rely on
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67:Near the beginning of the
313:Naval Postgraduate School
201:www.defense-aerospace.com
74:improvised vehicle armour
30:rocket-propelled grenades
109:Aberdeen Proving Grounds
59:rocket-propelled grenade
171:Green, Michael (2005).
114:Department of Defense
488:Explosion protection
315:: 23. Archived from
78:military contractors
57:, sniper fire, and
255:The New York Times
338:Stars and Stripes
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456:. 2006-06-12.
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363:New York Times
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147:Pike, John.
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82:Rhino Runner
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51:war in Iraq
482:Categories
467:2018-06-19
435:2018-06-19
343:2018-06-19
230:2018-06-19
206:2018-06-19
182:0760321515
154:2018-06-19
131:References
462:0190-8286
121:Frag Kits
289:June 19,
284:APG News
84:and the
69:Iraq war
61:(RPGs).
32:(RPGs).
225:NPR.org
45:History
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26:Humvee
280:(PDF)
86:M1117
36:Armor
458:ISSN
291:2018
177:ISBN
16:The
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