Art game - Knowledge

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generally but not exclusively explores social or political issues through the medium of video games." She proposed two different categorical schemes to further subdivide the genre by theme and by type. Subdividing by theme, Stalker defined "aesthetic art games" to include "games that deal with using the game medium to express an artistic purpose," and she defined "political" or "agenda-based art games" as art games that "have some sort of ulterior motive other than aesthetics" and whose basis is in "using the medium of the computer games to bring an issue to the public's, or at least the art world's, attention in order to attract support and understanding for a cause." Subdividing by type, Stalker identified the "

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story in a novel manner." The paper stated that an art game must contain at least two of the following: " a defined way to win or experience success in a mental challenge, passage through a series of levels (that may or may not be hierarchical), a central character or icon that represents the player." This definition was narrowed by Rebecca Cannon in an October 2003 paper where she highlighted the competitive, goal-oriented nature of the genre in defining art games as "compris an entire, (to some degree) playable game... Art games are always interactive—and that interactivity is based on the needs of competing Art games explore the game

42: 58: 600: 3084: 1077:(or goals) are frequently emphasized. Because art games are games and because games are interactive, definitions for the art game tend to require interactivity whereas video game art can be either interactive or non-interactive. Beyond this, the questions of whether competition, rules, and goals are intrinsic to games and to what extent "play" is even definable in the context of an art game raise thorny problems for critics who compare a game like chess to a game like 1410:. Typically produced on a smaller budget and with less technical (coding) knowledge than art games emerging from the game scene itself, "artist games" are often more explicit in terms of their artistic ambitions and commonly occupy "the grey area between modification and original game" because they are frequently based on classic arcade titles from the 1980s. Early examples of this kind of game include Thompson and Craighead's 1062:

overbearingly focused on the linguistic model," a communicative medium that involves the concrete action of the participants rather than abstracts such as language. This holds significant implications for an artistic medium, as it facilitates communication of meaning through increasingly more empathetic and concrete means. Unlike other media, players of games must expend not only time but

1199:'s art productions, procedurality has taken a central position in certain forms of art. The artistically motivated imposition of strict rules of creation for an art piece (in this case the restriction by the author to the format or medium of the video game) brought video games and art into a collision resulting in the first true art games. Although early game-like programs such as 866:", and "3D real-time game" (an art game that displays all the characteristics of a complete level-based commercial game, both on the programming and commercial side). The identification of art mods and machinima as forms of the art game conflicts with Cannon's definition of the art mod that highlights the non-interactive and non-competitive nature of these forms of media. 721: 812:") gaming when modifications have been made to existing non-art games to produce graphic results intended to be viewed as an artistic display, as opposed to modifications intended to change game play scenarios or for storytelling. Modified games created for artistic purposes are sometimes referred to as " 1488:. These debates have in turn led to the retrospective determination of numerous older commercial video games (prior to the use of the term "art game") as art games. As indie art games have seen a dramatic rise in production in the late 2000s (especially from 2008 and onwards), indie game developers like 1443:

and art games) saw a rise in production. This in turn led to recognition of the game as a vehicle for ideas instead of simply an entertaining diversion. The term "art game" was first used in the scholarly setting by Professor Tiffany Holmes in her 2002 paper, "Art games and Breakout: New media meets

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is not alone determinative of the question of whether the work is an art game or an art mod. Some modifications are "art games" despite being mods according to her definition. In addressing the potential for confusion on this point, she has stated that at the most basic level, "art games explore the

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The idea of a distinction between art games and artistic modifications to existing games is one that several commentators including Rebecca Cannon and Matteo Bittanti have found useful in further discussing the related topics. Using Tiffany Holmes' original definition of the "art game" as a starting

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as well as the original creator. This distinction also brings into focus the concept of "serious play." Graham and Elizabeth Coulter-Smith of Southampton Solent University and The University of Northampton respectively, define serious play as "a mode of communication that is not instrumental and not

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Conference, "Arcade Classics Span Art? Current Trends in the Art Game Genre". Holmes defined the art game as "an interactive work, usually humorous, by a visual artist that does one or more of the following: challenges cultural stereotypes, offers meaningful social or historical critique, or tells a

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primarily as a new mode for structuring narrative, cultural critique." In a 2015 article, Colombian video game theorist Carlos Díaz placed importance on the "reflection experience" as an integral aspect of the art game. This experience can pertain to a variety of cultural avenues, but it transcends

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Discussions over the commercial viability of art games have led to speculation concerning the potential for the commercial video game industry to fund the development of "prestige games" (games that are unlikely to be commercially successful but whose artistic vision marks them as important to the

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Other art theorists including Pippa Tshabalala have rejected this narrow definition of the "art game" and have instead adopted a broad definition under the theory that the concept of the game is not limited to systems where the author has created rules and goals, but that games emerge whenever the

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opened an online exhibit "The Aesthetics of Gameplay" in March 2014, featuring 45 independently developed games selected via a nomination process, where the mechanics of gameplay are, in part, tied to the visuals and audio of the game. Greg Garvey, the curator of this exhibit, compared this to the

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as part of the definition of the art game to distinguish it from video game art. An example of such a definition is offered by Professor John Sharp: "Artgames are games in the formal sense of maintaining the experiential and formal characteristics of videogames—rules, game mechanics, goals,

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in the nascent industry. Consequently, publishers are generally unwilling to take on commercially risky high-concept games the same way that major film studios (who often have arthouse divisions) might for art films that could enhance their prestige. The need for adequate funding to produce high

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The use of mods within art games became one of the primary tools for art game creators who designed games with a message, such as the addition of female characters to a traditionally male-centric game, or to force the audience to re-examine a familiar work in a different light. Consequently, the

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with first-person shooter elements, but it could also be considered to have elements consistent with art games—it implements moral player choices for the sole purpose of provoking emotion or thought in the player. There are several recent instances of video games that similarly involve the

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artists of the 1920s. Others have drawn still broader connections to literary games invented by the author for the reader in 19th and 20th century literature. By treating the game as a topic of artistic utility, these earlier art movements legitimized the concept of the game as an artistically

1066:—in the form of problem-solving or the application of timed reflexes. This participatory element demonstrates that adding effort as an element in an art work results in a higher degree of emotional investment, and therefore a higher potential impact of artistic intent on the participant. 1109:

by definition "always modify or reuse an existing computer game but only rarely include a reward system, and if so, only when of thematic relevance." Likewise, whereas interactivity and playability are defining characteristics of the art game, they are often of no consequence for the art mod.

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Games like these aren't necessarily created or marketed under the classification of "art game", but are still created for artistic purposes that transcend their respective structures. The potentials and limitations of the medium are increasingly discovered as the video game industry develops,

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graphics with academic or theoretical content, and that creatively subverts the format of an arcade classic to support a conceptual creative agenda). In 2005, art theorist Pippa Tshabalala née Stalker broadly defined the art game as "a video game, normally PC as opposed to console based, that

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Within the topic of the art game, further subdivisions have been proposed. In her 2003 paper, Holmes identified two common art game types as the "feminist art game" (an art game that generates thinking about gender and typecasting), and the "retro-styled art game" (an art game that juxtaposes

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gaming. This kind of reaction has in turn caused some game developers to reject the use of the term to describe their games , instead using terms like "not-game", "un-game", or simply refusing to accept any categorical label for their work. Some common criticisms of the term include:

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have corresponding significance to art games. This is true both in terms of the level of technological advancement that make up the substance of art games as well as by providing cultural touchstones (such as the classic arcade games and blockbuster titles from the 1990s like

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by the party offering the piece for consideration. They also typically go out of their way to have a unique, unconventional look, often standing out for aesthetic beauty or complexity in design. The concept has been extended by some art theorists to the realm of modified

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Beall Centre's "Shift-Ctrl" (2000), and several others in 2001 were among the first wave of video game exhibitions that popularized the concept. This expanded to exhibitions heavily featuring or exclusive to art game content in the early 2000s with shows like

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Stalker, Phillipa Jane. Gaming In Art: A Case Study Of Two Examples Of The Artistic Appropriation Of Computer Games And The Mapping Of Historical Trajectories Of 'Art Games' Versus Mainstream Computer Games. University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.

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production and art game releases, discussions of these topics are often closely interleaved. This has led to the drawing of a number of critical distinctions between the "art game" and the various kinds of "game art".

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game format primarily as a new mode for structuring narrative and/or cultural critique, whilst art mods employ game media attributes for extensive artistic expressions." Thus, whereas art games explore the game

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quality art games has been recognized by art game creators like Florent Deloison and Mark Essen, who in 2011 joined designer game firms where individualized art games can be commissioned as luxury items by

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A view that the term "art game" is over-broad and that it is incorrectly used synonymously with "indie game" thereby improperly co-opting the concept of innovation when innovation itself is not art.

1270:'s "Hot Circuits: A Video Arcade" (1989). However, just as with the production of art games, the practice became much more common during the late 1990s and early 2000s. Exhibitions like the 1402:) that art games may use referentially or as the subject of an homage. Art games of this kind have been defined by theorists as "artist games"—art games created by non-developer 1817:

Gaming In Art: A Case Study Of Two Examples Of The Artistic Appropriation Of Computer Games And The Mapping Of Historical Trajectories Of 'Art Games' Versus Mainstream Computer Games

1012:. Though a building/game can be aesthetically pleasing, an art game/sculpture is using its very structure to produce some kind of reaction." This same comparison has been used by 1057:-oriented. Thus the "game" portion of "game art" is merely the means to an artistic end. This has been expanded by some commentators to include the artistic intention of the 2542:

Pfeiffer, Alice. "Playing around with real life; Firm hopes to find niche with video games based on customers' histories." International Herald Tribune. 22 November 2011.

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where the work attempts to encompass other art forms, though as Garvey comments, the "merger of interaction with the aesthetics" drives these games beyond this concept.

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The idea that the term "art game" implies an exclusive claim to artistry within the medium of the video game and that art games are therefore superior to other forms.

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Conference. Further refinements to the definition were made by theorist Rebecca Cannon in her late 2003 paper, "Introduction to Artistic Computer Game Modification."

862:", the "physical manifestation art game" (the player is involved physically in the game, often experiencing physical consequences, such as pain, for their actions), " 2840:. Georgia Institute of Technology. Proceedings of the International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games. pp. 26–32. 29 May – 1 June 2012. 1096:

can be seen to employ traditional (non-art) games as the canvas or artistic medium whereas art games employ the formal qualities of the game as the artistic medium.

332: 927:) and further definitions have emerged from both the art world and the video game world that draw a clear distinction between the "art game" and its predecessor, " 3251: 910:

therefore resulting in the recent popularity of art game elements. If nothing else, the genre can be seen as a means to push the medium to its conceptual limit.

1212:(1970) were foundational to later art games, Pearce identifies the earliest true art games as originating in a small wave in the early 1980s with games such as 749: 577: 990:

In drawing a distinction between games with artistic imagery and art games, commentators have compared the art to sculpture and have emphasized the concept of

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concept. She argues that the art mod is an example of this pseudo-vandalism involving subversion and reflection within the cultural context of video games.

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and the Australian SelectParks soon began production of art games in the studio setting, repurposing older games through the use of interactive art mods.

1274:'s "Beyond Interface" (1998), the online "Synreal" (1998) and "Cracking the Maze - Game Plug-Ins as Hacker Art" (1999), shift e.V.'s "RELOAD" (1999), the 2869: 2282: 1267: 1920:

Devine, Theresa Claire (2014). "Games as Art and Kant's Moral Dilemma: What can Ethical Theory Reveal about the Role of the Game Designer as Artist?".

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The art game genre has emerged most directly from the intersection of commercial culture (specifically commercial video games) and contemporary

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development of the medium). These considerations are generally regarded as premature, as the concept of "prestige" hasn't yet taken hold for

943:(irrespective of artistic intent), the essential position that art games take in relation to video games is analogous with the position that 2059: 2033: 1105:

point, Cannon emphasized that whereas art games "always comprise an entire, (to some degree) playable game" and may be made from scratch,

2209: 358: 4444: 4156: 1284: 1053:) is that art games are intended as artistic creations from the outset whereas traditional games are often commercially motivated and 539: 1541:

to its application. Critics have noted that the term turns away a certain segment of the gamer population who reject the notion that

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Cannon, Rebecca. "Introduction to Artistic Computer Game Modification". Plaything Conference 2003 (Sydney, Australia). October 2003.

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the American arcade". Holmes presented this paper at the Computer Games and Digital Cultures conference in Tampere, Finland, and at

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early history of art games is intimately connected to the history of commercial video games and the establishment of video gaming

2184: 1275: 1042:" within the realm of art generally, traditionally video games have occupied a position in the "cultural gutter" (making up the " 312: 282: 1841: 1740: 3888: 3486: 3411: 3131: 2410: 2310: 1991: 1821: 2636: 2862: 1288: 2556: 2179: 1554:

A view from some within the gaming community that describing a game as an art game means that it's pretentious and not fun.

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The idea that works today labeled as "art games" lack the formal properties to properly be called games or art at all.

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As video games became increasingly common as a form of media throughout the 2000s, video games that deemphasized the

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Distinctions are drawn in describing the art game as a genre compared to traditional video game genres (such as the

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community. Along with expanding on the notion of art games as comparable to architecture in a 2010 interview with

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I Lose, Therefore I Think: A Search for Contemplation amid Wars of Push-Button Glare - 7. The Rise of Art Games

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Video games were first displayed in the art museum setting during the 1980s, in retrospective exhibitions like

1249: 1749: 1476:. This meeting of the art game movement and the indie game movement brought art games to the attention of the 1449: 1208: 840: 1092:

etc.—as an expressive form in the same way other artists might use painting, film or literature." Thus

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Another key distinction that has been made between art games and games with artistic imagery (and indeed all

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Holmes, Tiffany. "Arcade Classics Span Art? Current Trends in the Art Game Genre." Melbourne DAC 2003. 2003.

2697: 1652:"10.000 Moving Cities – Same but Different, AR (Augmented Reality) Multiplayer Game, Art Installation, 2018" 1263: 1259:(1984). Following this period of activity, art game production would see a lull until the end of the 1990s. 362: 302: 787:. The term "art game" was first used academically in 2002 and it has come to be understood as describing a 4500: 4495: 4464: 3751: 3746: 3662: 3540: 3315: 3126: 3100: 3054: 2231: 2082:

Coulter-Smith, Graham; Coulter-Smith, Elizabeth (2006). "Art Games: Interactivity and the Embodied Gaze".

1392: 1386: 1291:'s "Bitstreams" (2001), and the New York Museum of the Moving Image's "<ALT> Digital Media" (2003). 629: 621: 218: 129: 79: 2581: 2522: 2499: 2447: 4434: 4262: 3698: 3657: 3433: 3283: 3161: 3092: 1374: 1236: 809: 504: 307: 265: 203: 107: 3667: 2286: 1323: 4322: 4297: 4131: 4106: 4041: 4013: 4001: 3947: 3761: 3652: 3496: 3292: 2986: 2944: 1538: 1517: 1513: 1407: 1245: 1241: 939:. Easily confused with its often non-interactive sibling art form video game art, and the concept of 874: 401: 287: 277: 250: 91: 2685: 2405: 4196: 4121: 3518: 3468: 3423: 3256: 3136: 2347: 2278: 2247: 1816: 1678: 1651: 1349:

movement also provided direct inspiration for art game development particularly in the creation of

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as well as the execution and implementation of the gameplay. For instance, Bethesda's 2008 release

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or whose structure is intended to produce some kind of reaction in its audience. Art games are

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stated that whereas video games such as the "art game" are shifting in the direction of the "

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Since the development of these early definitions, art theorists have emphasized the role of

854: 702: 434: 327: 151: 1345:(2002) came in the early years of the modern period of art game production. The burgeoning 4439: 4226: 4191: 4181: 4111: 3883: 3573: 3428: 3049: 3009: 2670: 2588: 2563: 2529: 2454: 2314: 2238: 2063: 2005: 1845: 1744: 1354: 1304: 975: 958: 771: 682: 342: 102: 3645: 2959: 2367: 1369:(1983) had already been recognized during the first period of art game creation. Online 4386: 4307: 4151: 4126: 4091: 3528: 3234: 3118: 3030: 3025: 2916: 2775:(Clarke, Andy and Grethe Mitchell, eds.). Bristol: Intellect Books. Pp. 29, 34–35. 2622: 1632: 1493: 1346: 1213: 1196: 1172: 1168: 1093: 995: 983: 928: 832: 813: 649: 379: 35: 1957: 4479: 4380: 4327: 4317: 4312: 4257: 4252: 3672: 3513: 3454: 3305: 3246: 3037: 2996: 2939: 2487: 2226: 2103: 1937: 1838: 1737: 1607: 1313: 1142:

observer self-limits play experience. Thus, observers experiencing the Jodi art mod,

870: 774: 616: 2307: 2140:(Clarke, Andy and Grethe Mitchell, eds.). Bristol: Intellect Books. Pp.40-42. 2007. 1903: 4247: 4216: 4186: 3991: 3909: 3871: 3713: 3563: 3481: 3146: 3108: 3069: 2969: 2949: 2931: 2459: 2391: 2009: 1617: 1612: 1542: 1501: 1497: 1436: 1318: 1255: 1222: 1217: 1188: 1050: 979: 952: 784: 780: 499: 424: 414: 391: 208: 156: 2429:(Clarke, Andy and Grethe Mitchell, eds.). Bristol: Intellect Books. Pp.29, 34-35. 2371:. Computer Games and Digital Cultures conference (Tampere, Finland); Art Gallery, 1126:

and whereas art mods always exploit existing games, art games often replace them.

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Vienna University of Technology - Design and Assessment of Technologies Institute

877:). Rather than describing the game on a surface level, descriptions focus on the 4449: 4337: 4267: 4231: 4221: 4146: 3970: 3820: 3794: 3617: 3590: 3568: 3371: 3320: 2964: 2899: 2576: 2028: 1489: 1361:(a modification of Sony's "System G"), although the transgressive capability of 1329: 1308: 1227: 1164: 1013: 777: 707: 458: 369: 183: 134: 1863: 1508:

have become established and "artist games" have become relatively less common.

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A view that the term "art game" needlessly introduces the distinction between

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Genre of electronic structured play intended primarily as creative expression

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WINSIDE OUT: An Introduction to the Convergence of Computers, Games, and Art

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A view that those who play and enjoy art games (known as "art gamers") are

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Alongside the growing use of the term "art game", numerous members of the

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In distinguishing between art games and video game art, the elements of

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in the creation of the art game. This difference has been described by

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At the Art History of Games conference in Atlanta, Georgia, Professor

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Game Mods: A Survey of Modifications, Appropriation and Videogame Art

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Rosenkrantz, Linda. "New York: It's Happening, It's ... Teen Town!"

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against the computer, self, or other players) and the result of

3943: 2851: 1485: 1327: and similar hybrid performance-art/art-games including 3939: 2780:

DeFanti, Thomas A. "The Mass Impact of Videogame Technology."

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Opinion: Tell Me What Art Is, and I'll Tell You What Games Are

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Pearce, Celia (2006). "Games AS Art: The Aesthetics of Play".

2122:. Alibi. V.16, No.28. Feature Archive. July 12–18, 2007. 1738:

Arcade Classics Span Art? Current Trends in the Art Game Genre

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The Art History... Of Games? Games As Art May Be A Lost Cause

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Repeat of Spark 126 – October 16 & 19, 2011: Games as Art

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at large, and sparked large debates regarding whether or not

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scholar Celia Pearce describes the art mod or "patch" as an "

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A definition of the art game was first proposed by Professor

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Staff. "Chicago Computer Artist Accelerates to Warp Speed."

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Art games and Breakout: New media meets the American arcade

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in an interview discussing art games and the prominence of

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Stockburger, Axel. "From Appropriation to Approximation".

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Stockburger, Axel. "From Appropriation to Approximation".

931:". At the core of the matter lies an intersection between 2618:

An artist interview with Paolo Pedercini / Molleindustria

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within video games where it has never existed previously.

1472:(2005), a strong overlap developed between art games and 1184:

explorable form and as more than simply idle amusement.

1087:. A number of commentators have included the concept of 819:

Art games are often considered a means of demonstrating

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Greene, Rachel. "Chapter 3: Themes in Internet Art" in

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Beginning in the early to mid-2000s with games such as

1226:(1982). Other early art games from this period include 2332:

Blakeman, Mary Claire. "The Art Side of Video Games."

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as well as a member of the "art game" subgenre of the

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Why Games Matter Blog - Indie Games Aren't Art Games

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video games can be fairly considered as works of art

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Chat notes about Video Game, Art and Digital Medium

2006:"The Aesthetics of Gameplay - Curator's Statement" 1849:. Format Magazine - Pushing Play. 5 November 2008. 2819:. Link Art Center: LINK Editions, Brescia. 2012. 2656:Last Tuesday: How to Make an Art House Video Game 1299:Drawing from the modern traditions of the 1970s 1081:and who question the playfulness of a game like 2232:Games as Instruments for Observing Our Universe 2421: 2419: 3955: 2863: 2387:Blast Theory brings interactive art to Exeter 2361: 2359: 2357: 2132: 2130: 2128: 743: 571: 8: 1731: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1723: 1721: 1719: 180:Specialized / alternative-paradigmatic types 2550: 2548: 2275:"CSLI Calendar of Public Events, Vol.12:28" 1179:and the collaborative drawing games of the 3981: 3962: 3948: 3940: 3630: 3288: 2904: 2870: 2856: 2848: 1857: 1855: 1810: 1808: 1806: 1804: 1802: 1800: 1798: 1796: 1794: 1792: 970:Due to the contemporaneous improvement of 750: 736: 589: 578: 564: 52: 2557:Jimquisition: The Definition of Art Games 1790: 1788: 1786: 1784: 1782: 1780: 1778: 1776: 1774: 1772: 2723:Gamescenes: art in the age of videogames 2674:. Rock, Paper, Shotgun. 7 December 2007. 2492:"The Endless Play Of The Endless Forest" 2203: 2201: 2199: 2197: 2195: 2193: 2119:Applied Ludology: Art games and game art 1982: 1980: 1978: 1976: 1974: 1951: 1949: 1947: 1832: 1830: 1762: 1760: 1758: 1867:. Mattscape. Retrieved 1 February 2013. 1643: 978:) with the trend toward recognition of 592: 69: 2336:. Vol.2, No.4. Pp.27-30. January 1984. 1882:Díaz, Carlos Mauricio Castaño (2015). 1175:have identified its earliest roots in 1113:For Cannon, the nature of a work as a 896:characteristics of art games, such as 837:School of the Art Institute of Chicago 2838:A Curiously Short History of Game Art 2155: 2153: 1988:A Curiously Short History of Game Art 1915: 1913: 1705:from the original on 3 September 2010 7: 2582:Column: 'Homer In Silicon': On Aging 1877: 1875: 1873: 4445:Los Angeles Center for Digital Art 4157:Generative artificial intelligence 2753:. Bristol: Intellect Books. 2007. 2749:Clarke, Andy and Grethe Mitchell. 2604:The Hierarchy of Video Game Haters 1695:"Who says video games aren't art?" 1545:, and who equate "art games" with 540:List of video game industry people 25: 2764:Cannon, Rebecca. "Meltdown" from 2567:. Escapist Magazine. 2 July 2012. 2533:. GameSetWatch. 26 November 2006. 2136:Cannon, Rebecca. "Meltdown" from 1672:Schilling, Chris (23 July 2009). 3082: 2833:. Insomnia Books. 14 March 2011. 2737:How to Do Things With Videogames 2523:Why Are There No Prestige Games? 2320:Columbia College Chicago Profile 2185:University of California, Irvine 1529:Criticism of the term "art game" 1486:backlash against use of the term 1385:, and significant events in the 1159:Origins and first wave art games 719: 598: 333:Intellectual property protection 56: 2831:On the Genealogy of "Art Games" 2659:. Futurismic.com. 20 July 2011. 2592:. GameSetWatch. 9 January 2010. 1992:Georgia Institute of Technology 1822:University of the Witwatersrand 1693:Steinberg, Scott (2010-08-31). 1435:portion of the medium (such as 2739:. U of Minnesota Press. 2011. 2308:Review: The World of Art Games 1956:Ploug, Kristine (2005-12-01). 849:the medium and its structure. 1: 1958:"Art Games - An Introduction" 1191:further noted that since the 535:List of video game publishers 523:List of video game developers 4430:Austin Museum of Digital Art 2642:International Business Times 2263:. Pg.227-229. February 1983. 2037:. Jenova's Blog. 7 May 2008. 966:"Art game" versus "game art" 839:) in her 2003 paper for the 550:List of video game magazines 4077:Artificial intelligence art 4047:Fractal-generating software 2686:"An Art World for Artgames" 2004:Garvey, Greg (2014-03-24). 1100:"Art game" versus "art mod" 821:video games as works of art 545:List of video game websites 4517: 3080: 2802:. Pp. 144–151. 2725:. Johan & Levi. 2006. 2607:. Kotaku. 21 January 2013. 2273:Pease, Emma (1997-05-14). 1628:Video games as an art form 1589: 1456:Rise of the indie art game 1268:Museum of the Moving Image 1195:movement of the 1960s and 941:video games as an art form 642:Artistic expression within 610:Video games as an art form 469:Advertising in video games 32:video games as an art form 29: 2890:List of video game genres 2885: 2817:Everything I Shoot Is Art 1543:games can be works of art 1525:for a substantial price. 1295:Rise of the "artist game" 338:Digital rights management 4394:Listening Post (artwork) 3182:Digital collectible card 2784:. Vol.23. Pg.137. 1984. 2477:. GameStudies.org. 2004. 1930:10.1177/1555412014538812 1896:10.1177/1555412014557543 1814:Stalker, Phillipa Jane. 1266:'s "ARTcade" (1983) and 1122:, art mods explore game 1004:as "the same between a 30:Not to be confused with 4465:V&A Digital Futures 4202:Photograph manipulation 3267:Roguelike deck-building 3175:Roguelike deck-building 2698:Simon Fraser University 1674:"Art house video games" 1561:and not to be emulated. 1414:(1998), Esc to Begin's 1264:Corcoran Gallery of Art 1132:interventional strategy 677:Video game art creation 65:Part of a series on the 2096:10.1386/tear.4.3.169/1 1387:history of video games 974:(and other aspects of 891:is considered to be a 791:designed to emphasize 726:Video games portal 630:Alternate reality game 622:The Art of Video Games 50: 45:10.000 Moving Cities, 4435:Computer Arts Society 3509:Tactical role-playing 3274:Tactical role-playing 2782:Advances in Computers 2684:Felan Parker (2013). 2653:McCalmont, Jonathan. 1824:, Johannesburg. 2005. 1359:AIUEOUNN Six Features 1307:, art pieces such as 1283:'s "GameShow" (2001) 982:and the increases in 947:takes in relation to 44: 4323:Hamid Naderi Yeganeh 4298:Lynn Hershman Leeson 4132:Digital architecture 4107:Digital illustration 4042:Graphic art software 3889:Vertically scrolling 2462:. 27 September 2008. 2445:Wasteland, Matthew. 2055:(Podcast available: 2049:& Misener, Dan. 1404:contemporary artists 1242:Lynn Hershman Leeson 972:graphic capabilities 875:first-person shooter 402:Downloadable content 4197:Music visualization 4122:Digital photography 3519:Turn-based strategy 3424:Submarine simulator 3230:Action role-playing 3137:Interactive fiction 2829:Kierkegaard, Alex. 2800:Thames & Hudson 2490:(6 November 2007). 2348:The Washington Post 2279:Stanford University 2175:LaFarge, Antoinette 1679:The Daily Telegraph 1367:Castle Smurfenstein 1324:Can You See Me Now? 1146:(a modification of 1134:," referencing the 1084:Escape From Woomera 1051:games viewed as art 693:Video game graphics 593:Art and video games 385:Episodic video game 71:Video game industry 4343:Ben Rubin (artist) 4288:Desmond Paul Henry 4087:Computer art scene 4052:Animation software 3920:Video game modding 3862:Nonlinear gameplay 3524:Turn-based tactics 3492:Real-time strategy 2815:Jansson, Mathias. 2773:Videogames and Art 2766:Videogames and Art 2751:Videogames and Art 2721:Bittanti, Matteo. 2644:. 24 January 2013. 2587:2019-01-12 at the 2562:2019-11-02 at the 2528:2019-01-12 at the 2502:on 13 January 2019 2471:Lee, Shuen-Shing. 2453:2019-09-06 at the 2427:Videogames and Art 2313:2014-07-12 at the 2237:2012-11-16 at the 2217:. 8 February 2010. 2207:Pratt, Charles J. 2138:Videogames and Art 2072:. 7 November 2010. 2062:2014-10-29 at the 1861:Bittanti, Matteo. 1844:2013-05-28 at the 1750:Melbourne DAC 2003 1743:2013-04-20 at the 1539:reacted negatively 1535:video game culture 1478:video game culture 1469:The Endless Forest 1371:artist collectives 1301:New Games Movement 1285:San Francisco MOMA 785:serious video game 410:Games as a service 51: 4486:Video game genres 4473: 4472: 4353:Camille Utterback 4303:Zachary Lieberman 4273:Stephanie Dinkins 4060: 4059: 3937: 3936: 3933: 3932: 3925:Video game remake 3833:Emergent gameplay 3504:Real-time tactics 3463: 3462: 3402:Flight simulation 3132:Graphic adventure 3078: 3077: 2879:Video game genres 2825:978-1-291-02050-2 2759:978-1-84150-142-0 2745:978-1-45293-312-2 2731:978-8-86010-010-8 2435:978-1-84150-142-0 2394:. 4 October 2011. 2365:Holmes, Tiffany. 2244:Champlain College 2146:978-1-84150-142-0 1922:Games and Culture 1888:Games and Culture 1735:Holmes, Tiffany. 1592:List of art games 1586:List of art games 1272:Walker Art Center 1234:(1982), Lanier's 893:role-playing game 760: 759: 665:Interactive movie 626: 588: 587: 430:Microtransactions 199:Interactive movie 16:(Redirected from 4508: 4401:Remember To Rise 4375:Edmond de Belamy 4367:Notable artworks 4358:Pindar Van Arman 4293:Mario Klingemann 4162:Generative music 4142:Evolutionary art 4137:Electronic music 4117:Digital painting 3982: 3964: 3957: 3950: 3941: 3915:Video game clone 3631: 3627:Related concepts 3434:Vehicular combat 3289: 3162:Digital tabletop 3142:Interactive film 3102:Grand Theft Auto 3093:Action-adventure 3086: 3043:Platform fighter 2922:Platform fighter 2905: 2872: 2865: 2858: 2849: 2710: 2709: 2681: 2675: 2666: 2660: 2651: 2645: 2632: 2626: 2614: 2608: 2599: 2593: 2574: 2568: 2552: 2543: 2540: 2534: 2520:Carless, Simon. 2518: 2512: 2511: 2509: 2507: 2498:. Archived from 2484: 2478: 2469: 2463: 2443: 2437: 2423: 2414: 2413:. February 2008. 2403:Bogacs, Hannes. 2401: 2395: 2382: 2376: 2363: 2352: 2351:. 23 April 1989. 2343: 2337: 2330: 2324: 2304: 2298: 2297: 2295: 2294: 2285:. Archived from 2270: 2264: 2257: 2251: 2250:. February 2010. 2224: 2218: 2205: 2188: 2172: 2166: 2165: 2162:Visible Language 2157: 2148: 2134: 2123: 2114: 2108: 2107: 2079: 2073: 2044: 2038: 2026: 2020: 2019: 2017: 2016: 2001: 1995: 1984: 1969: 1968: 1966: 1965: 1953: 1942: 1941: 1917: 1908: 1907: 1879: 1868: 1859: 1850: 1839:Video Game Blogs 1834: 1825: 1812: 1767: 1764: 1753: 1733: 1714: 1713: 1711: 1710: 1690: 1684: 1683: 1669: 1663: 1662: 1660: 1659: 1648: 1420:Natalie Bookchin 1020:to the artistic 752: 745: 738: 724: 723: 722: 703:Video game music 624: 602: 590: 580: 573: 566: 435:In-game currency 60: 53: 21: 4516: 4515: 4511: 4510: 4509: 4507: 4506: 4505: 4476: 4475: 4474: 4469: 4440:EVA Conferences 4413:and conferences 4412: 4406: 4362: 4241:Notable artists 4236: 4227:Texture mapping 4192:Motion graphics 4182:Interactive art 4112:Digital imaging 4056: 4030: 3973: 3968: 3938: 3929: 3893: 3884:Twitch gameplay 3809: 3773: 3735: 3622: 3574:Survival horror 3547: 3497:Time management 3459: 3438: 3429:Train simulator 3388: 3353: 3325: 3278: 3216: 3186: 3156: 3113: 3087: 3074: 3014: 3010:Survival horror 2991: 2926: 2894: 2881: 2876: 2718: 2716:Further reading 2713: 2683: 2682: 2678: 2667: 2663: 2652: 2648: 2634:Smith, Edward. 2633: 2629: 2625:. 14 June 2011. 2615: 2611: 2600: 2596: 2589:Wayback Machine 2575: 2571: 2564:Wayback Machine 2554:Sterling, Jim. 2553: 2546: 2541: 2537: 2530:Wayback Machine 2519: 2515: 2505: 2503: 2486: 2485: 2481: 2470: 2466: 2455:Wayback Machine 2444: 2440: 2424: 2417: 2402: 2398: 2384:Stuart, Keith. 2383: 2379: 2364: 2355: 2344: 2340: 2331: 2327: 2315:Wayback Machine 2306:Kuehn, Emily. " 2305: 2301: 2292: 2290: 2289:on July 8, 2010 2272: 2271: 2267: 2258: 2254: 2239:Wayback Machine 2225: 2221: 2206: 2191: 2173: 2169: 2159: 2158: 2151: 2135: 2126: 2115: 2111: 2084:Technoetic Arts 2081: 2080: 2076: 2064:Wayback Machine 2045: 2041: 2027: 2023: 2014: 2012: 2003: 2002: 1998: 1985: 1972: 1963: 1961: 1960:. Artificial.dk 1955: 1954: 1945: 1919: 1918: 1911: 1881: 1880: 1871: 1860: 1853: 1846:Wayback Machine 1835: 1828: 1813: 1770: 1765: 1756: 1745:Wayback Machine 1734: 1717: 1708: 1706: 1692: 1691: 1687: 1671: 1670: 1666: 1657: 1655: 1650: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1599: 1594: 1588: 1531: 1484:, as well as a 1458: 1408:game developers 1406:rather than by 1355:Iimura Takahiko 1305:performance art 1297: 1246:Laserdisc games 1161: 1156: 1102: 1094:game art pieces 992:artistic intent 976:game art design 968: 959:Gesamtkunstwerk 915:artistic intent 829: 805:artistic intent 770:) is a work of 756: 720: 718: 713: 712: 683:Game art design 678: 670: 669: 645: 643: 635: 634: 612: 584: 555: 554: 518: 510: 509: 505:Game journalism 495: 487: 486: 471: 465: 421: 406: 365: 351: 350: 349: 343:Copy protection 319: 299: 268: 258: 257: 237: 170: 162: 161: 114: 94: 82: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4514: 4512: 4504: 4503: 4498: 4493: 4488: 4478: 4477: 4471: 4470: 4468: 4467: 4462: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4416: 4414: 4408: 4407: 4405: 4404: 4397: 4390: 4387:Jesus Dress Up 4383: 4378: 4370: 4368: 4364: 4363: 4361: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4345: 4340: 4335: 4330: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4310: 4308:Margot Lovejoy 4305: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4260: 4255: 4250: 4244: 4242: 4238: 4237: 4235: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4152:Generative art 4149: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4127:Digital poetry 4124: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4104: 4099: 4094: 4092:Computer music 4089: 4084: 4079: 4074: 4068: 4066: 4062: 4061: 4058: 4057: 4055: 4054: 4049: 4044: 4038: 4036: 4032: 4031: 4029: 4028: 4023: 4018: 4017: 4016: 4011: 4010: 4009: 3999: 3988: 3986: 3979: 3975: 3974: 3969: 3967: 3966: 3959: 3952: 3944: 3935: 3934: 3931: 3930: 3928: 3927: 3922: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3901: 3899: 3895: 3894: 3892: 3891: 3886: 3881: 3879:Side-scrolling 3876: 3875: 3874: 3869: 3859: 3854: 3847: 3840: 3835: 3830: 3829: 3828: 3817: 3815: 3811: 3810: 3808: 3807: 3806: 3805: 3800: 3787: 3781: 3779: 3775: 3774: 3772: 3771: 3766: 3765: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3743: 3741: 3737: 3736: 3734: 3733: 3732: 3731: 3726: 3724:Climate change 3721: 3711: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3695: 3694: 3682: 3675: 3670: 3665: 3660: 3655: 3650: 3643: 3637: 3635: 3628: 3624: 3623: 3621: 3620: 3615: 3610: 3605: 3600: 3595: 3594: 3593: 3583: 3578: 3577: 3576: 3566: 3561: 3555: 3553: 3549: 3548: 3546: 3545: 3544: 3543: 3541:Grand strategy 3533: 3532: 3531: 3521: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3500: 3499: 3489: 3484: 3479: 3473: 3471: 3465: 3464: 3461: 3460: 3458: 3457: 3452: 3446: 3444: 3440: 3439: 3437: 3436: 3431: 3426: 3421: 3420: 3419: 3414: 3409: 3398: 3396: 3390: 3389: 3387: 3386: 3385: 3384: 3379: 3369: 3363: 3361: 3355: 3354: 3352: 3351: 3346: 3341: 3335: 3333: 3327: 3326: 3324: 3323: 3318: 3313: 3308: 3303: 3297: 3295: 3286: 3280: 3279: 3277: 3276: 3271: 3270: 3269: 3259: 3257:Monster-taming 3254: 3249: 3244: 3243: 3242: 3237: 3235:Looter shooter 3226: 3224: 3218: 3217: 3215: 3214: 3209: 3202: 3196: 3194: 3188: 3187: 3185: 3184: 3179: 3178: 3177: 3166: 3164: 3158: 3157: 3155: 3154: 3149: 3144: 3139: 3134: 3129: 3123: 3121: 3115: 3114: 3112: 3111: 3106: 3097: 3095: 3089: 3088: 3081: 3079: 3076: 3075: 3073: 3072: 3067: 3062: 3061: 3060: 3047: 3046: 3045: 3035: 3034: 3033: 3031:Hack and slash 3022: 3020: 3016: 3015: 3013: 3012: 3007: 3001: 2999: 2993: 2992: 2990: 2989: 2984: 2979: 2978: 2977: 2972: 2967: 2957: 2952: 2947: 2942: 2936: 2934: 2928: 2927: 2925: 2924: 2919: 2917:Endless runner 2913: 2911: 2902: 2896: 2895: 2893: 2892: 2886: 2883: 2882: 2877: 2875: 2874: 2867: 2860: 2852: 2846: 2845: 2841: 2834: 2827: 2813: 2810: 2792: 2778: 2777: 2776: 2769: 2747: 2733: 2717: 2714: 2712: 2711: 2676: 2661: 2646: 2627: 2623:Molleindustria 2609: 2594: 2569: 2544: 2535: 2513: 2488:Carless, Simon 2479: 2464: 2438: 2415: 2396: 2377: 2375:. August 2002. 2353: 2338: 2325: 2299: 2265: 2252: 2227:Blow, Jonathan 2219: 2189: 2167: 2149: 2124: 2116:Silfer, Kyle. 2109: 2090:(3): 169–182. 2074: 2039: 2021: 1996: 1970: 1943: 1909: 1869: 1851: 1826: 1768: 1754: 1715: 1685: 1664: 1642: 1640: 1637: 1636: 1635: 1633:Video game art 1630: 1625: 1620: 1615: 1610: 1605: 1598: 1595: 1590:Main article: 1587: 1584: 1583: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1562: 1555: 1530: 1527: 1516:as it has for 1494:Molleindustria 1457: 1454: 1416:Font Asteroids 1347:video game art 1296: 1293: 1289:Whitney Museum 1214:Bernie DeKoven 1197:Marcel Duchamp 1173:Greg Costikyan 1169:Tiffany Holmes 1160: 1157: 1155: 1152: 1148:Wolfenstein 3D 1101: 1098: 996:Justin McElroy 984:video game art 967: 964: 929:video game art 833:Tiffany Holmes 828: 825: 814:video game art 758: 757: 755: 754: 747: 740: 732: 729: 728: 715: 714: 711: 710: 705: 700: 690: 679: 676: 675: 672: 671: 668: 667: 662: 657: 652: 650:Video game art 646: 641: 640: 637: 636: 633: 632: 627: 619: 613: 608: 607: 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