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103:, the articular, surangular, and prearticular bones have fused to form the compound bone. The mandible is suspended from the quadrate bone and articulates at this compound bone.
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portion of the mandibular cartilage ossifies to form the articular bone, while the remainder of the mandibular cartilage either remains cartilaginous or disappears.
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201:. Walker, Warren F. (Warren Franklin), Walker, Warren F. (Warren Franklin). (9th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole.
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After the loss of the quadrate-articular joint, the squamosal and dentary bones form the new jaw joint in mammals.
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In most tetrapods, the articular bone forms the lower portion of the jaw joint. The upper jaw articulates at the
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bones are much smaller and form part of the middle ear. Note that in mammals the lower jaw consists of only the
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of the mammalian clade, and is used to determine the fossil transition to mammals. It is
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In most vertebrates, the articular bone is connected to two other lower jaw bones, the
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This article is about the articular bone. For articular surface or articularation, see
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87:. Developmentally, it originates from the embryonic mandibular cartilage. The most
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Parentheses denote bones that receive a different name in particular clades
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Mammalian and non-mammalian jaws. In the mammal configuration, the
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858:
739:
733:
467:
419:
264:"University of the Cumberlands, QUADRATE AND ARTICULAR EXPRESSION"
100:
60:
22:
17:
1570:
Italics denote neomorphic bones present only in particular clades
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912:
417:
372:
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Vertebrates : comparative anatomy, function, evolution
232:
Vertebrates : comparative anatomy, function, evolution
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655:(Supraoccipital+Exoccipital+Basioccipital)
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436:
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414:
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132:, the articular bone evolves to form the
175:Evolution of mammalian auditory ossicles
310:(6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
234:(6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
186:
343:. Kermack, K. A. London: Croom Helm.
341:The evolution of mammalian characters
7:
1585:
1583:
1458:) (Tibiale+Intermedium+Centrale 3+4)
192:
190:
289:"Mammaliformes: Overview - Palaeos"
1603:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
14:
679:(Squamosal+Petrosal+Ectotympanic)
47:is part of the lower jaw of most
1587:
197:Homberger, Dominique G. (2004).
142:of the middle ear. This is an
1:
306:Kardong, Kenneth V. (2012).
230:Kardong, Kenneth V. (2012).
667:(Parasphenoid+Basisphenoid)
1676:
1650:Bones of the head and neck
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112:In amphibians and reptiles
15:
1563:
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1235:
919:
908:
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426:
413:
1660:Vertebrate anatomy stubs
661:(Exoccipital+Opisthotic)
339:Kermack, D. M. (1984).
138:, one of the mammalian
67:, as well as ancestral
1599:–related article is a
1422:Intermediate cuneiform
568:(Postparietal+Tabular)
40:
199:Vertebrate dissection
63:and various kinds of
26:
914:Postcranial skeleton
673:(Prootic+Opisthotic)
1470:(Distal tarsal 4+5)
1655:Vertebrate anatomy
1597:vertebrate anatomy
952:Cervical vertebrae
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1445:Composite tarsals
1429:Lateral cuneiform
1427:Distal tarsal 3 (
1420:Distal tarsal 2 (
1413:Distal tarsal 1 (
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1217:Distal carpal 4 (
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241:978-0-07-352423-8
156:articular process
51:, including most
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1353:Proximal tarsals
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1159:Lateral centrale
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967:Caudal vertebrae
957:Dorsal vertebrae
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665:Parabasisphenoid
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291:. Archived from
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1437:Distal tarsal 5
1434:Distal tarsal 4
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1295:
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1224:Distal carpal 5
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1169:Medial centrale
1111:
1083:
1041:Pectoral girdle
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1464:(Centrale 1+2)
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637:Supraoccipital
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617:Orbitosphenoid
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295:on 2007-04-29.
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45:articular bone
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1517:Miscellaneous
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1268:Pelvic girdle
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1102:Radius (bone)
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1069:Interclavicle
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990:Haemal arches
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780:Wormian bones
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731:
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698:Ectopterygoid
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587:Basioccipital
585:
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566:Interparietal
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548:
546:
545:Supratemporal
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541:
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523:Quadratojugal
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462:Intertemporal
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270:on 2017-05-17
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118:quadrate bone
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38:
34:
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25:
19:
1605:expanding it
1594:
1579:
1529:
1523:
1323:
1178:
1032:Appendicular
1008:Cervical rib
979:
972:
892:Tympanohyoid
836:
832:Prearticular
806:Ectotympanic
764:Entotympanic
762:
717:
703:Epipterygoid
632:Sphenethmoid
622:Parasphenoid
592:Basisphenoid
535:Septomaxilla
527:
508:Postparietal
460:
453:
340:
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307:
301:
293:the original
283:
272:. Retrieved
268:the original
258:
231:
225:
198:
164:
150:to, but not
133:
127:
115:
98:
78:
44:
42:
1365:Intermedium
1154:Intermedium
872:Ceratohyoid
707:Alisphenoid
659:Otoccipital
602:Exoccipital
503:Postorbital
498:Postfrontal
81:suprangular
49:vertebrates
1644:Categories
1547:Osteoderms
1486:Metatarsal
1452:Astragalus
1399:Centrale 4
1396:Centrale 3
1393:Centrale 2
1390:Centrale 1
1240:Metacarpal
1148:Triquetral
1018:Caudal rib
1013:Dorsal rib
887:Thyrohyoid
882:Stylohyoid
849:Surangular
838:Predentary
612:Opisthotic
518:Premaxilla
513:Prefrontal
455:Internasal
441:Skull roof
274:2016-07-16
181:References
152:homologous
124:In mammals
57:amphibians
53:jawed fish
1537:Gastralia
1531:Baubellum
1491:Phalanges
1462:Navicular
1384:Centralia
1374:Calcaneum
1245:Phalanges
1205:Trapezoid
1198:Trapezium
1059:Cleithrum
981:Pygostyle
934:Vertebrae
867:Basihyoid
812:Articular
753:Columella
725:Pterygoid
653:Occipital
580:Braincase
540:Squamosal
472:Zygomatic
326:664665896
250:664665896
160:lower jaw
148:analogous
144:apomorphy
95:In snakes
33:articular
1370:Fibulare
1301:Hindlimb
1212:Capitate
1174:Pisiform
1138:Scaphoid
1089:Forelimb
1064:Coracoid
1049:Clavicle
877:Epihyoid
844:Splenial
822:Coronoid
794:Mandible
730:Quadrate
719:Prevomer
713:Palatine
677:Temporal
671:Petrosal
493:Parietal
478:Lacrimal
407:skeleton
404:tetrapod
359:10710687
217:53074665
169:See also
140:ossicles
107:Function
83:and the
65:reptiles
29:quadrate
1525:Baculum
1360:Tibiale
1325:Patella
1276:Ischium
1180:Pteroid
1134:Radiale
1097:Humerus
1079:Sternum
1074:Scapula
1053:Furcula
827:Dentary
816:Malleus
802:Angular
627:Prootic
597:Ethmoid
550:Tabular
529:Rostral
483:Maxilla
449:Frontal
432:Cranium
402:in the
158:of the
154:to the
135:malleus
130:mammals
85:angular
75:Anatomy
69:mammals
37:dentary
1496:Ungual
1468:Cuboid
1345:Tarsus
1319:Fibula
1250:Ungual
1219:Hamate
1163:Lunate
1144:Ulnare
1126:Carpus
974:Coccyx
962:Sacrum
757:Stapes
691:Palate
357:
347:
324:
314:
248:
238:
215:
205:
101:snakes
89:caudal
1595:This
1456:Talus
1314:Tibia
1309:Femur
1286:Pubis
1281:Ilium
1117:Manus
942:Atlas
925:Axial
859:Hyoid
740:Vomer
734:Incus
488:Nasal
468:Jugal
420:Skull
400:Bones
61:birds
39:bone.
18:joint
1601:stub
1107:Ulna
1000:Ribs
947:Axis
355:OCLC
345:ISBN
322:OCLC
312:ISBN
246:OCLC
236:ISBN
213:OCLC
203:ISBN
120:.
43:The
31:and
1336:Pes
128:In
99:In
71:.
1646::
353:.
320:.
244:.
211:.
189:^
162:.
59:,
55:,
1632:e
1625:t
1618:v
1607:.
1528:/
1454:(
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1161:(
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1055:)
1051:(
818:)
814:(
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759:)
755:(
736:)
732:(
709:)
705:(
474:)
470:(
392:e
385:t
378:v
361:.
328:.
277:.
252:.
219:.
20:.
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