332:
proof is then placed on the designers to demonstrate that the alternative solution proposed offers a level of performance which satisfies the intent of the functional requirement. There is nothing in the
Regulations which imposes a duty on the applicant under those circumstances to use the guidance as a benchmark of performance, although this is of course a route often taken as a way of demonstrating that an alternative approach is of an acceptable standard.
328:(BCBs) may be either established under Local Authority control or private bodies (Approved Inspectors). Applicants wishing to carry out work controlled under the Building Act have the choice to select either the local Building Control or an Approved Inspector. However, where local legislation is prevalent the Approved Inspector will be charged with liaising with the relevant local authority body for the necessary approvals.
1439:
1431:
22:
298:, began with a mandate “to advance the latest and most improved methods of sanitation; to promote the welfare of and harmony between the owner, the builder, and the craftsman; to accomplish a uniformity in the application of the provisions of the ordinances; and to promulgate the mutual benefit of the members." IAPMO also publishes the
191:
limitations, registration & licensing body requirements of building professionals, practitioners & trade contractors. Offences & penalties are also gazetted under the Acts for proven non-compliance with minimum requirements. Appeals of development decisions can be undertaken via state tribunals or state
Planning Courts.
230:
All state building acts & regulations refer to the minimum standards required within the
Building Code of Australia (BCA), now the National Construction Code (NCC) since 2011, of which there are 3 volumes, which deals with individual aspects of buildings in categorised sections, based on the use
178:
Individual project concepts are approved under Local
Authority Codes which are generally Council Town Planners acting as the preliminary Assessment Authority to issue preliminary development approvals, or state bodies, e.g. Transport, Main Roads, Port or Airport Authorities. Town Planners deal with
331:
The
Secretary of State issues guidance in support of the Building Regulations in the form of Approved Documents which are not mandatory. The Building Regulations are functional and therefore designers are free to offer alternative solutions to satisfying the functional requirements. The burden of
218:
Plumbing works are generally approved & inspected at various stages, by the Local
Authority (Council) Plumbing Inspectors who have a Hydraulic/Plumbing trade qualification & experience, to ensure public potable water safety, contain the spread waste-water products & regulate responsible
141:
for the chief building official who is the jurisdiction's formally recognized building official. Usual qualifications are a bachelor's degree in
Administration, Engineering, or Architecture, or Building Surveying or Construction Management, with an extensive building construction background, and in
190:
Within the state Acts & Regulations, the procedures & protocols of preliminary approvals required are outlined, before a building development permit is issued by the
Licensed Building Certifier or Building Assessment Manager for various types of projects. The Acts also detail time frame
163:
Australian law is governed under individual state laws & territories generally made from state Acts & Regulations governing ... Qld, NSW, Vic, Tas, South Aust, West Aust, Nth
Territory, Aust Capital Territory, various off shore islands & Aust protectorates within the 200 nautical mile
205:
The
Building Certifier interacts with all professionals & often the Senior trade contractors engaged within the building & inspects the works as they proceed, during mandatory inspection phases of footings, slab, frame, fire separation & final, to ensure compliance with the approved
201:
The Architect, Designer, Builder or Owner engage the Licensed Building Certifier/Building Surveyor as the Building Assessment Manager, to regulate or manage a project, on behalf of the local authority (usually Council), generally after a preliminary approval is required, or to determine that a
248:
The NCC is up-graded bi-annually to consider new products, improvements or methods of construction, by senior officials of trade bodies, Institutes of Architects /Engineers / Building Surveyors, state officials & governed by the Australian Building Codes Board (ACBC). The NCC references
276:, used by most of the jurisdictions within the United States. The former organizations included Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA), International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO), and Southern Building Code Congress International, Inc. (SBCCI).
197:
These officials are either employed by Federal, State or Local Government or more commonly in private practice companies. Building Surveying is a tertiary degree qualification & encompasses all aspects of construction from the concept stage to the finished building.
234:
Volume 1 - Buildings classes 2 to 9 - larger commercial buildings - ie 2 residential units, 3 motels, 4 caretakers residence in a larger building, 5 office, 6 shop, 7 warehouse, 8 factory, 9 public buildings e.g. schools, hospitals, etc.
209:
Building Surveyors were first conceived after the Great Fire of London in 1666 in the UK, where their primary focus is the safe construction & use of the building concerning the life-health & safety of the occupants.
179:
expected community concepts, according to zoning principles ie residential land, high density living, city hubs, farm land, industrial areas, infrastructure, the safety of the natural environment & its natural resources.
249:
individual minimum Australian Standards (AS- No.- Year of introduction) for each aspect of the type of contractor's work, or suppliers product, e.g. the minimum standard for Waterproofing of wet areas uses AS 3740-2004.
268:
In the United States, there were three major nonprofit organizations developing building codes for the governing of building constructions, but they have since been merged into one in 1994, the
986:
172:
Concepts of planning & development are primarily approved under state Town Planning Acts & Regulations, which outline the procedures & protocols for various types of projects.
917:
911:
206:
plans, the NCC & relevant Australian Standards. Building Surveyors or Building Certifiers are licensed by the state they practice in & have 3 different levels.
175:
Town Planning is a separate university degree discipline, which is usually guided by the interest of the general community & attempts to solve development problems.
1471:
219:
ground water discharge. Larger infrastructure i.e. dams, pipe line networks, roadway drainage, flood mitigation works, etc, calls for a Civil Engineering background.
895:
606:
934:
194:
Building officials, or regulators that decide if building applications for construction works can proceed, are called Building Surveyors or Building Certifiers.
1052:
968:
252:
In Australia, the valuation for sale of a project is another discipline of Building Valuer, unlike the UK where the Building Valuer is the Building Surveyor.
883:
335:
Appeals against decisions made by BCBs are to the Secretary of State who will make a determination after considering all of the facts of a particular case.
1057:
439:
303:
238:
Volume 2 - Buildings classes 1 & 10 - smaller residential buildings ie 1A house, 1B small residential boarding house, 10A carport, 10B swimming pool.
1062:
923:
889:
187:
Australian Building law is governed under individual state laws & territories generally made from state Building Acts & Building Regulations
1340:
1004:
444:
202:
project meets all the relevant minimum Planning Code requirements, under the Building Certifier's guidance, or as part of a discretionary process.
434:
299:
980:
682:
992:
962:
940:
974:
1016:
877:
599:
478:
39:
871:
1335:
672:
105:
1047:
86:
1128:
359:
58:
1403:
1234:
1042:
1032:
592:
43:
1171:
1037:
758:
65:
1287:
1270:
1224:
1116:
1010:
906:
546:
771:
718:
394:
273:
260:
The government of New Zealand has set up a mediation service to resolve cases of houses that failed watertightness.
72:
1265:
404:
269:
223:
150:
or Building Surveyors or Building Certifiers. Building officials can be certified by meeting certain requirements.
464:
1476:
1315:
1203:
1166:
349:
1208:
1186:
1088:
951:
677:
639:
379:
231:(class), size of the building & type of construction, A, B or C, where Type C is the least fire resistant.
54:
125:, engineering calculation supervision, permits, facilities management, and accepted construction procedures.
1466:
1434:
1393:
1295:
1150:
1135:
1123:
998:
667:
662:
424:
287:(UMC) are both written by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, also known as
284:
32:
1239:
1198:
1191:
1145:
409:
1442:
1384:
1229:
1140:
634:
429:
325:
319:
280:
143:
399:
1277:
957:
929:
805:
503:
1408:
1181:
1111:
810:
753:
644:
479:"Building Official Limited (LB) / Accessibility Specialist (AS) / Certified Building Official (BO)"
414:
369:
242:
1300:
1282:
708:
79:
1461:
1362:
1260:
1176:
800:
743:
703:
629:
384:
1310:
1083:
245:, air con & on site waste water systems - for all buildings & external civil works.
134:
1330:
1325:
738:
728:
138:
294:
On May 17, 1926, the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, or
1418:
733:
723:
1455:
1367:
1352:
1078:
419:
364:
307:
122:
1413:
1398:
1244:
1103:
748:
615:
374:
344:
1357:
1347:
850:
815:
785:
556:
21:
1374:
1305:
830:
825:
790:
551:
354:
541:
1379:
835:
795:
698:
147:
901:
780:
121:
of developed countries are generally the jurisdictional administrator of
279:
There are several other major code publishers in the United States. The
840:
820:
1093:
855:
845:
491:
241:
Volume 3 - Plumbing & Drainage - including fire fighting, gas,
946:
389:
295:
288:
572:
Intertek SAI Global | Quality Assurance and Standards | Australia
1320:
588:
584:
15:
571:
987:
National Railroad Construction and Maintenance Association
566:
561:
536:
291:, an organization that was established by code officials.
531:
507:
918:
Chartered Institute of Plumbing and Heating Engineering
576:
552:
Uniform Solar, Hydronics & Geothermal Code Website
557:
Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot Tub Code Website
912:
Chartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors
1253:
1217:
1159:
1102:
1071:
1025:
864:
767:
691:
655:
622:
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
133:In some jurisdictions building officials act as
896:Association of Plumbing and Heating Contractors
935:Construction Management Association of America
969:National Association of Women in Construction
600:
8:
884:Asbestos Testing and Consultancy Association
440:Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa and Hot Tub Code
304:Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa and Hot Tub Code
607:
593:
585:
924:Civil Engineering Contractors Association
890:Associated General Contractors of America
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1341:List of tallest buildings and structures
1005:Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors
445:World Organisation of Building Officials
164:limit of the Commonwealth of Australia.
1472:Construction and extraction occupations
981:National Kitchen & Bath Association
456:
435:Uniform Solar Energy and Hydronics Code
300:Uniform Solar Energy and Hydronics Code
993:National Tile Contractors Association
963:National Association of Home Builders
941:Construction Specifications Institute
492:Weathertight Homes Resolution Service
306:(USPSHTC) as part of their family of
7:
975:National Fire Protection Association
44:adding citations to reliable sources
1017:Society of Construction Arbitrators
878:American Society of Civil Engineers
872:American Institute of Constructors
465:"What Does a Building Official do"
14:
1336:Lists of buildings and structures
142:some instances are licensed as a
1438:
1437:
1429:
20:
1430:
542:Uniform Mechanical Code Website
360:Australian Building Codes Board
168:Town Planning & Development
123:building and construction codes
31:needs additional citations for
1404:Sustainability in construction
1235:Modern methods of construction
1:
1172:Building services engineering
1288:Construction equipment theft
1011:Scottish Building Federation
907:Construction History Society
547:Uniform Plumbing CodeWebsite
274:International Building Codes
719:Chartered Building Surveyor
683:Water supply and sanitation
395:International Building Code
183:Building & Construction
1493:
1266:List of building materials
405:National Construction Code
317:
270:International Code Council
224:National Construction Code
1427:
1204:Environmental engineering
1167:Architectural engineering
577:Plumbing Industry Council
350:Architectural engineering
272:(ICC). ICC publishes the
1209:Geotechnical engineering
1187:Construction engineering
952:Home Builders Federation
678:Timeline of architecture
640:Underground construction
380:Construction engineering
1394:Real estate development
1296:Construction management
1151:Vernacular architecture
1136:Indigenous architecture
1124:Industrial architecture
999:Railway Tie Association
425:Uniform Mechanical Code
326:building control bodies
285:Uniform Mechanical Code
1240:Monocrete construction
1199:Earthquake engineering
1192:Structural engineering
1146:Landscape architecture
673:Structural engineering
410:Structural Engineering
1230:Earthbag construction
1141:Interior architecture
635:Offshore construction
430:Uniform Plumbing Code
375:Building Construction
324:In England and Wales
320:building control body
281:Uniform Plumbing Code
144:Professional Engineer
1278:Construction bidding
958:Lighting Association
930:The Concrete Society
806:Construction foreman
55:"Building officials"
40:improve this article
1409:Unfinished building
1182:Coastal engineering
811:Construction worker
754:Structural engineer
645:Tunnel construction
537:IAPMO Codes Website
415:Structural Engineer
370:Building inspection
243:solar water heating
1301:Construction waste
1283:Construction delay
714:Building officials
709:Building estimator
119:Building officials
1449:
1448:
1292:Construction loan
1261:Building material
1177:Civil engineering
801:Concrete finisher
744:Quantity surveyor
704:Building engineer
630:Home construction
467:. 2 October 2020.
385:Civil engineering
314:England and Wales
116:
115:
108:
90:
1484:
1477:Construction law
1441:
1440:
1433:
1432:
1316:Design–bid–build
1084:Construction law
609:
602:
595:
586:
519:
518:
516:
515:
506:. Archived from
500:
494:
489:
483:
482:
475:
469:
468:
461:
400:Land Zoning Code
135:project engineer
111:
104:
100:
97:
91:
89:
48:
24:
16:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1452:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1423:
1331:Interior design
1326:Heavy equipment
1249:
1213:
1155:
1098:
1067:
1021:
860:
769:
763:
739:Project manager
729:Civil estimator
687:
651:
618:
613:
582:
528:
523:
522:
513:
511:
502:
501:
497:
490:
486:
477:
476:
472:
463:
462:
458:
453:
341:
322:
316:
266:
258:
228:
216:
185:
170:
161:
156:
139:project manager
131:
112:
101:
95:
92:
49:
47:
37:
25:
12:
11:
5:
1490:
1488:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1467:Building codes
1464:
1454:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1421:
1419:Urban planning
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1377:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1174:
1169:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1108:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1058:United Kingdom
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1008:
1002:
996:
990:
984:
978:
972:
966:
960:
955:
949:
944:
938:
932:
927:
921:
915:
909:
904:
899:
893:
887:
881:
875:
868:
866:
862:
861:
859:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
777:
775:
768:Trades workers
765:
764:
762:
761:
759:Superintendent
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
734:Clerk of works
731:
726:
724:Civil engineer
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
695:
693:
689:
688:
686:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
659:
657:
653:
652:
650:
649:
648:
647:
637:
632:
626:
624:
620:
619:
614:
612:
611:
604:
597:
589:
580:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
527:
526:External links
524:
521:
520:
495:
484:
470:
455:
454:
452:
449:
448:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
340:
337:
318:Main article:
315:
312:
283:(UPC) and the
265:
262:
257:
254:
227:
221:
215:
214:Plumbing Works
212:
184:
181:
169:
166:
160:
157:
155:
152:
130:
129:Qualifications
127:
114:
113:
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1489:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1444:
1436:
1426:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1353:Megastructure
1351:
1349:
1346:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1079:Building code
1077:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1063:United States
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
959:
956:
953:
950:
948:
945:
942:
939:
936:
933:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
869:
867:
865:Organizations
863:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
778:
776:
773:
766:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
696:
694:
690:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
660:
658:
654:
646:
643:
642:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
627:
625:
621:
617:
610:
605:
603:
598:
596:
591:
590:
587:
583:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
532:IAPMO Website
530:
529:
525:
510:on 2024-03-03
509:
505:
499:
496:
493:
488:
485:
480:
474:
471:
466:
460:
457:
450:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
420:Uniform Codes
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
365:Building code
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
342:
338:
336:
333:
329:
327:
321:
313:
311:
309:
308:Uniform Codes
305:
301:
297:
292:
290:
286:
282:
277:
275:
271:
264:United States
263:
261:
255:
253:
250:
246:
244:
239:
236:
232:
225:
222:
220:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
192:
188:
182:
180:
176:
173:
167:
165:
158:
153:
151:
149:
145:
140:
136:
128:
126:
124:
120:
110:
107:
99:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
1414:Urban design
1399:Stonemasonry
1311:Design–build
1254:Other topics
1245:Slip forming
1104:Architecture
749:Site manager
713:
668:Construction
663:Architecture
616:Construction
581:
512:. Retrieved
508:the original
498:
487:
473:
459:
345:Architecture
334:
330:
323:
302:(USEHC) and
293:
278:
267:
259:
251:
247:
240:
237:
233:
229:
217:
208:
204:
200:
196:
193:
189:
186:
177:
174:
171:
162:
132:
118:
117:
102:
96:January 2010
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1358:Plasterwork
1348:Megaproject
1160:Engineering
1089:Site safety
851:Steel fixer
816:Electrician
786:Boilermaker
692:Professions
562:ICC website
256:New Zealand
1456:Categories
1375:Parge coat
1306:Demolition
1072:Regulation
1026:By country
831:Millwright
826:Ironworker
791:Bricklayer
514:2024-03-10
451:References
355:Architects
66:newspapers
1380:Roughcast
836:Plasterer
796:Carpenter
699:Architect
567:AIBS Home
154:Australia
148:Architect
1462:Building
1443:Category
1368:Proofing
1271:Millwork
902:Build UK
781:Banksman
339:See also
1435:Outline
1385:Harling
1218:Methods
1129:British
1048:Romania
971:(NAWIC)
920:(CIPHE)
914:(CICES)
841:Plumber
821:Glazier
656:History
504:"IAPMO"
80:scholar
1094:Zoning
1053:Turkey
1007:(RICS)
995:(NTCA)
983:(NKBA)
977:(NFPA)
965:(NAHB)
937:(CMAA)
926:(CECA)
898:(APHC)
886:(ATAC)
880:(ASCE)
856:Welder
846:Roofer
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
1112:Style
1043:Japan
1033:India
1013:(SBF)
1001:(RTA)
989:(NRC)
954:(HBF)
947:FIDIC
943:(CSI)
892:(AGC)
874:(AIC)
623:Types
390:IAPMO
296:IAPMO
289:IAPMO
226:(NCC)
87:JSTOR
73:books
1363:Damp
1321:DfMA
1225:List
1117:List
1038:Iran
772:List
59:news
159:Law
146:or
137:or
42:by
1458::
310:.
774:)
770:(
608:e
601:t
594:v
517:.
481:.
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.