339:
breed-specific problem with fatalities." Pit bull–type dogs were identified in approximately one-third of dog bite-related fatalities in the United States between 1981 and 1992. The review notes that studies on dog bite-related fatalities which collect information by surveying news reports are subject to potential errors, as some fatal attacks may not have been reported, a study might not find all relevant news reports, and the dog breed might be misidentified. However, after 2000 the CDC stopped tracking dog bites, and in 2001, Julie
Gilchrist, a CDC pediatrician and epidemiologist, stated that part of the reason the CDC stopped collecting dog bite data was because "making meaningful analysis nearly impossible".
785:
185:
420:
recommend that shelters stop labeling breeds to improve pit bull adoption rates. Pit bulls also have higher rates of unsuccessful adoptions, and are more likely than other kinds of dogs to be returned to a shelter multiple times and eventually euthanized. Whether pit bull adoptions fail more often than other types of dog due to breed behavioral traits, or due to public stigma, is not known, but in general the most common reasons why shelter dog adoptions fail are behavioral problems or incompatibility with the adopter's existing pets.
236:. In addition to being a breed registry, the United Kennel Club also regulated dogfights. In the 1930s the American Kennel Club was faced with a dilemma: whilst not wishing to condone dogfighting, there was a desire to recognise a uniquely American dog breed for which over 30 years of breed records existed. The solution was to recognise Pit Bull Terriers under a different name and prohibit these dogs from being used in organised fights, and in 1935 the American Kennel Club recognised Pit Bull Terriers as Staffordshire Terriers.
315:
702:
283:
675:
400:(CDC), as well as academic veterinary researchers. The interpretation of these studies, breed identification and relevance issues, and variable circumstances have given rise to intense controversy. Additionally, researchers on both sides of the pit bull debate rarely disclose when they are being funded by lobbyists, leading to a risk that the scientific literature on pit bulls has been influenced by money.
367:
compared with other dog breeds, pit bulls were more likely to inflict complex injuries, are more likely to attack unprovoked, and are more likely to go off property to do so. Pit bull–type dogs are more frequently identified with cases involving very severe injuries or fatalities than other breeds, but a 2007 study suggested this may relate to the popularity of the breed, noting that sled dogs, such as
56:
136:, along with any crossbred dog that shares certain physical characteristics with these breeds. In other countries, including the United Kingdom, the term is used as an abbreviation of the American Pit Bull Terrier breed specifically, while the Staffordshire Bull Terrier is not considered a pit bull. Most pit bull–type dogs descend from the British bull and terrier, a 19th-century
404:
bull–type dogs, like other terriers, hunting and bull-baiting breeds, can exhibit a bite, hold, and shake behavior and at times refuse to release. Pit bulls also have wide skulls, well-developed facial muscles, and strong jaws, and some research suggests that pit bull bites are particularly serious because they tend to bite deeply and grind their molars into tissue. Breaking an
359:, and Rottweilers (in that order) for the most bites severe enough to require hospital treatment. The study found that the proportion of bites caused by German Shepherds decreased by 0.63 percent per year over that time interval while the proportion caused by pit bulls increased by 1.17 percent per year. The pit bull proportion of dog bites increased more slowly in
217:, was often also pitted against its own kind in organised dog fights, but it was found that lighter, faster dogs were better suited to dogfighting than the heavier Bulldog. To produce a lighter, faster, more agile dog that retained the courage and tenacity of the Bulldog, outcrosses from local terriers were tried, and ultimately found to be successful.
160:
dangerous, offering competing interpretations on dog bite statistics, independent organizations have published statistics based on hospital records showing pit bulls are responsible for more than half of dog bite incidents among all breeds despite comprising only 6% of pet dogs. Some insurance companies will not cover pit bulls (along with
505:
bite liability claims by putting restrictions on dog owners that they insure. These restrictions include refusing to cover dog bites under the insurance policy, increasing insurance rates for homeowners with specific breeds, requiring owners of specific breeds to take special training or have their dogs pass the
American Kennel Club
419:
Many people consider pit bulls undesirable, making it harder for animal shelters to adopt them out. Surveys have found that animal shelter workers intentionally misidentify pit bulls to improve their adoption rates, or to avoid euthanizing them in jurisdictions where they are banned. Animal advocates
504:
for all damage caused by their dog, regardless of carelessness or foreknowledge of a dog's tendencies. Homeowners and renters insurance policies typically provide liability coverage from US$ 100,000–300,000 for injuries inflicted by dogs; however, some insurance companies limit their exposure to dog
499:
for injuries inflicted or caused by their dogs. In general, owners are considered liable if they were unreasonably careless in handling or restraining the dog, or if they knew beforehand that the dog had a tendency to cause injury (e.g., bite); however, dog owners are automatically considered liable
474:
prohibits the ownership of
American Pit Bull Terriers, along with three other breeds; the Act also bans the breeding, sale and exchange of these dogs. Similar legislation exists in Australia. Under Irish law, American Pit Bull Terriers must be led by someone at least 16 years of age, kept on a short
395:
and pit bulls displayed serious aggression towards other dogs. Although there may be a connection between breed of dog and aggression towards humans, the difficulty of classifying dog attacks by specific breed after the fact has made this point controversial and debated. Violent interactions between
192:
The term has been used since at least the early 20th century. It is believed all dogs that are now classified as pit bulls descend from the
British bull-and-terrier, which were first imported into North America in the 1870s. The bull-and-terrier was a breed of dog developed in the United Kingdom in
378:
Pit bulls were originally developed from dogs that were bred for bull baiting and dog fighting. Pit bull attacks are often perceived as taking place "without warning", possibly due to the type's fighting heritage, as fighting dogs that do not signal aggression may do better in the ring. However,
366:
In a 2014 literature review of dog bite studies, the
American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) argues that breed is a poor sole predictor of dog bites. According to the AVMA, controlled studies have not identified pit bulls as disproportionately dangerous, but other studies have found that,
255:
Despite criminalisation, illegal fights using pit bull–type dogs have continued to be widespread in the United States. In the 1990s in that country it was estimated 1,500 dogs died annually in organised fights, and by the mid-2000s it was estimated over 40,000 people were involved in the illegal
159:
debate over whether aggressive tendencies in pit bulls may be appropriately attributed to owners' poor care for and competency to handle the dog or inherent qualities owing to their breeding for fighting purposes. While some studies have argued that pit bull–type dogs are not disproportionately
512:
Owners of rental properties may also be held liable if they knew an aggressive dog was living on their property and they did nothing to ensure the safety of other tenants at the property; as a result, many rental properties forbid pit bull–type dogs and any other breeds if the rental property's
445:
Many of the jurisdictions that restrict pit bulls apply their restriction to the modern
American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, Staffordshire Bull Terrier, and any other dog that has the substantial physical characteristics and appearance of those breeds, such as the Canadian
403:
Pit bulls are known for their tenacity and refusal to release a bite, even in the face of great pain. A popular myth mischaracterized pit bulls as having "locking jaws." The refusal to let go is a behavioral, not physiological trait, and there is no locking mechanism in a pit bull's jaws. Pit
338:
and pit bull–type dogs accounted for 67% of human dog bite-related fatalities in the United States between 1997 and 1998, and followed with "It is extremely unlikely that they accounted for anywhere near 60% of dogs in the United States during that same period and, thus, there appears to be a
441:
Breed-specific legislation has been largely found to be ineffective at reducing the number of dog attacks. Research has indicated that there is resistance by those who work in the adoption industry, applying a sharper distinction before allowing a dog to be labelled as a pit bull, as well as
220:
As it was in the UK, dog fighting became a popular pastime in 19th century
America and bull-and-terriers were imported to the New World to pursue the blood sport. In the United States, organised dog fights have been progressively outlawed in various states since 1874, culminating in federal
168:) because these particular dogs cause a disproportionate rate of bite incidents. Dog bite severity varies by the breed of dog, and studies have found that pit bull–type dogs have both a high rate of reported bites and a high rate of severe injuries, compared to other non–pit bull–type dogs.
295:
Studies have found that when people involved in dog rescue, adoption, and regulation identify the breed of a dog of mixed parentage, this identification did not always correlate with the DNA analysis of that dog. Mixed-breed dogs are often labeled as pit bulls if they have certain physical
577:, are not permitted for transport in the cabin, or as baggage or cargo. These so-called "attack dogs" do not belong to a particular breed, but are similar in morphology to the following: Staffordshire Bull Terriers or American Staffordshire Terriers (pit bulls), Mastiffs and Tosas.
1435:
3741:
482:, an increase over the 2,323 that were registered ten years earlier. The dogs are permitted under a system of exemptions that are contingent on owners complying with special rules, such as muzzling them in public and having liability insurance.
2621:
296:
characteristics, such as a square-shaped head or bulky body type. However, courts have also found that scientific precision is not required when determining breed and that a dog owner of ordinary intelligence can identify a pit bull.
342:
In a 2021 review of 19 retrospective dog bite studies from U.S. Level I trauma centers, pit bulls were found to inflict a higher prevalence and severity of injuries compared with other breeds. A 2020 literature review in
171:
Pit bull–type dogs are extensively used in the United States for dogfighting, a practice that has continued despite being outlawed. Several nations and jurisdictions restrict the ownership of pit bull–type dogs through
979:
256:
blood sport. Pit bull–type dogs are also used by criminal organisations to guard illegal narcotics, and to intimidate and attack civilians, other criminals and police, the type becoming a status symbol in
American
155:, the number of high-profile attacks documented in the media over decades, and their proclivity to latching on while biting. Proponents of the type and advocates of regulation have engaged in a highly contentious
3079:
3731:
252:; these efforts were successful in 1935. In order to avoid confusion with the British breed, in 1972 the American Kennel Club changed the name of their American breed to the American Staffordshire Terrier.
239:
The name "Staffordshire Bull
Terrier" was first used in Britain in 1930 in advertisements for bull-and-terrier-type dogs. Organised dog fighting had been effectively eliminated in the United Kingdom by the
2611:
271:
There is a lobby of animal rights groups that are spending millions of dollars to try to rebrand pit bulls as family dogs. In efforts to counter negative perceptions about pit bull–type dogs, both the
1871:
2036:
Bailey, Chad M.; Hinchcliff, Katharine M.; Moore, Zachary; Pu, Lee L.Q. (November 2020). "Dog Bites in the United States from 1971 to 2018: A Systematic Review of the Peer-Reviewed
Literature".
3815:
3301:
2234:
1179:
2094:
3410:
372:
176:. A pro–pit bull lobby exists that spends millions of dollars a year promoting pit bulls as family pets, funding pro-pit bull researchers, and opposing laws that regulate their ownership.
513:
insurance will not cover damage inflicted by that type of dog. The dog breeds most often not covered by insurance companies include pit bull–type dogs, Rottweilers, German Shepherd Dogs,
228:, but because of the type's association with dogfighting, the club rejected these entreaties. Following this rejection, in 1898 breeders of American Pit Bull Terriers established a rival
2917:
1501:
2207:
1760:
464:
Courts in the United States and Canada have ruled that expert identification, when using published breed standards, is sufficient for the enforcement of breed-specific legislation.
3028:"An Act to amend the Dog Owners' Liability Act to increase public safety in relation to dogs, including pit bulls, and to make related amendments to the Animals for Research Act"
765:
In 2005, two American lawyers used a pit bull logo and the phone number 1-800-PIT-BULL in a television advertisement to convey that they were "especially fierce litigators". The
4255:
4934:
3279:
1137:
371:, were involved in a majority of fatal dog attacks in some areas of Canada. Bite statistics by breed are no longer tracked by the CDC, and are discouraged by the AVMA and the
509:
test, requiring owners to restrict their dogs with muzzles, chains, or enclosures, and refusing to write policies for homeowners or renters who have specific breeds of dogs.
3444:
3235:
2942:
971:
3083:
2420:
Clarke NM. A survey of urban Canadian animal control practices : the effect of enforcement and resourcing on the reported dog bite rate, Master of Science — MSc 2009
574:
3476:
2854:
2588:
1691:
2411:
Hanna, TL, Selby LA. Characteristics of the human and pet populations in animal bite incidents recorded at two Air Force bases. Public Health Rep. 1981;96:580-584.
475:
strong lead, be muzzled, and wear a collar bearing the name and address of their owner in public at all times. In Germany the importation of pit bulls is banned.
3031:
4929:
2894:
1858:
397:
323:
1658:
4053:
3293:
1171:
2230:
1599:
1209:
3173:
3116:
2086:
3418:
2090:
590:"We have determined that untrained, pit bull–type dogs posing as both service and support animals are a potential safety risk", the airline said.
331:
3246:
2559:
1948:
2921:
636:
4218:
4098:
3998:
3925:
3790:
3669:
3630:
3558:
3515:
2710:
2659:
1497:
1460:
1036:
383:, and owners' over-confidence in their ability to interpret those signs. In fighting with dogs of other breeds, pit bulls, German Shepherds,
4027:
3148:
2796:"Characterizing unsuccessful animal adoptions: age and breed predict the likelihood of return, reasons for return and post-return outcomes"
4775:
4224:
3564:
3414:
2526:
606:
327:
3931:
3209:
2355:"What's in a Name? Effect of Breed Perceptions & Labeling on Attractiveness, Adoptions & Length of Stay for Pit-Bull-Type Dogs"
1534:
467:
Debates often center on whether apparent aggressive tendencies are the result of poor dog ownership or natural behaviors of the breed.
4295:
4247:
4115:
1922:
1245:
276:
261:
3707:
3271:
2520:
2177:
1556:
1145:
1124:
1091:
690:
3357:
929:
Olson, K. R.; Levy, J. K.; Norby, B.; Crandall, J. E.; Broadhurst, S.; Jacks, S.; Barton, R. C.; Zimmerman, M. S. (November 2015).
904:
3440:
3008:
2935:
2481:
184:
3387:
3353:
2979:
4734:
4431:
3466:
241:
121:
65:
3521:
2864:
784:
2584:
1681:
1267:
4939:
3870:
2118:"Dog-Bite Injuries to the Craniofacial Region: An Epidemiologic and Pattern-of-Injury Review at a Level 1 Trauma Center"
863:
347:
found that from 1971 to 2018 of all pure breed dogs in the United States, pit bull–type breeds were second, behind the
4638:
4416:
4154:
670:'s right-hand dog, who was known for his mellow temperament and his ability to interact calmly with ill-mannered dogs.
4469:
816:"Is that dog a pit bull? A cross-country comparison of perceptions of shelter workers regarding breed identification"
540:. A spokeswoman for Farmers said that those groups account for more than a quarter of the agency's dog bite claims.
4836:
4759:
4401:
686:
619:, a mongrel at times referred to as a pit bull, though commonly seen as a non pit bull–type terrier, is the dog in
435:
429:
173:
129:
73:
1348:"Pediatric Dog Bites to the Face May Have Been Less Severe During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Cohort Study"
4816:
4729:
4702:
4090:
3697:
2675:
1986:
Reuter Muñoz, K. D.; Powell, L. E.; Andersen, E. S.; Nye, A. D.; Powers, J. M.; Rhodes, J.; Pozez, A. L. (2021).
751:
740:
705:
454:, Colorado lifted its longstanding ban on the breed in 2021 following a referendum that voted to repeal the ban.
309:
117:
61:
3732:"Here's a short history of the American war dog starring 'Sergeant Stubby,' a canine hero who served during WWI"
4785:
4181:
3027:
2716:
2646:
Clark, Ross D.; Stainer, Joan R.; Haynes, H. David; Buckner, Ralph; Mosier, Jacob; Quinn, Art J., eds. (1983).
1595:
766:
733:
35:
3892:
2886:
2429:
Duffy, DL., Hsu, Y. Serpell, JA. Breed differences in canine aggression. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2008;114:441–460.
3054:
4628:
471:
1286:"Dog bite injuries to the face: Is there risk with breed ownership? A systematic review with meta-analysis"
4795:
4754:
4623:
4568:
4386:
4288:
4022:
2316:
1648:
1591:
1285:
721:
2703:
Feigin and Cherry's textbook of pediatric infectious diseases — Animal and Human Bites, Morven S. Edwards
1201:
4854:
4844:
4821:
4667:
4588:
4573:
4528:
4143:"Text-Only NPR.org : Friend Or Fiend? 'Pit Bull' Explores The History Of America's Most Feared Dog"
3647:
3184:
2260:
314:
206:
156:
4346:
3105:
1955:
625:
438:(BSL) in several jurisdictions. In two cases, breed-specific bans have been reversed by city councils.
3239:
2548:
536:
notified policyholders in California that it will no longer cover bites by pit bulls, Rottweilers and
244:, but devotees of the bull-and-terrier type continued to breed these dogs, predominantly in England's
4578:
4411:
3622:
3383:
2807:
2730:
Ellis, Jennifer Lynn; Thomason, Jeffrey; Kebreab, Ermias; Zubair, Kasim; France, James (March 2009).
2366:
1810:
1653:
392:
225:
478:
Despite being a banned breed, in 2023 there were 3,316 registered pit bull–type dogs in England and
224:
In the 1890s breeders of American pit bull–type dogs attempted to have their dogs recognised by the
151:
Pit bull–type dogs have a controversial reputation as pets internationally, due to their history in
4924:
4633:
4507:
4381:
4176:
4058:
3550:
2859:
701:
506:
248:. Throughout the early 1930s attempts were made in England to gain recognition for these dogs with
202:
145:
141:
3546:
Tails from the Afterlife: Stories of Signs, Messages & Inspiration from your Animal Companions
1972:
4944:
4553:
4512:
4484:
4391:
4376:
4366:
4336:
4017:
3848:
3820:
3796:
3675:
3212:. Center for Constitutional Studies, University of Alberta, Canada. June 12, 2009. Archived from
3141:
3001:
2616:
2145:
2061:
2015:
1686:
1621:
1529:
1427:
1321:
747:
682:
678:
651:
610:
602:
352:
272:
265:
233:
3954:
3587:
2301:
282:
2199:
4849:
4800:
4464:
4426:
4421:
4406:
4281:
4214:
4204:
4094:
3994:
3988:
3962:
3958:
3921:
3786:
3703:
3665:
3626:
3554:
3511:
3471:
2833:
2769:
2751:
2706:
2655:
2516:
2456:
2439:
Roll, A.; Unshelm, J. (1997). "Aggressive conflicts amongst dogs and factors affecting them".
2394:
2283:
2137:
2053:
2007:
1838:
1779:
1736:
1377:
1313:
1305:
1241:
1120:
1087:
1032:
952:
845:
729:
717:
533:
380:
3544:
2510:
1524:
4875:
4744:
4716:
4613:
4608:
4583:
4441:
4371:
4331:
3915:
3778:
3657:
3653:
3616:
3213:
2823:
2815:
2759:
2743:
2651:
2448:
2384:
2374:
2328:
2275:
2129:
2045:
1999:
1828:
1818:
1769:
1726:
1419:
1367:
1359:
1297:
942:
835:
827:
501:
360:
133:
113:
69:
31:
4086:
Beauty and the Beast: Human-Animal Relations as Revealed in Real Photo Postcards, 1905–1935
1949:"Breeds of dogs involved in fatal human attacks in the United States between 1979 and 1998"
674:
60:
A selection of dog breeds sometimes classified as pit bull types. Clockwise from top left:
4903:
4859:
4826:
4790:
4657:
4598:
4593:
4533:
4502:
4479:
4396:
4351:
4312:
4251:
3736:
3693:
1271:
632:
620:
582:
496:
348:
249:
3843:
2173:
1923:"Who Can Identify a Pit Bull? A Dog Owner of 'Ordinary Intelligence' Say the High Courts"
1568:
3349:
2811:
2370:
1814:
896:
716:
or status symbol. Pit bulls have been cultural symbols in "urban ghettos" and a part of
4739:
4724:
4692:
4687:
4341:
4210:
4049:
3501:
2828:
2795:
2764:
2731:
2389:
2354:
1833:
1798:
1372:
1347:
1079:
840:
815:
522:
368:
125:
2452:
662:, who, while protecting her owner, was shot by police in a video that went viral, and
4918:
4563:
4558:
4459:
4436:
4356:
4080:
3679:
3380:"Homeowners Insurance Available to Breeds Previously Excluded with CGC Certification"
2747:
2474:
2302:"New research reveals links between dog attacks and misunderstanding of dog behavior"
2149:
2065:
2019:
1431:
1407:
245:
3379:
3082:. Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore. November 15, 2010. Archived from
1325:
4887:
4749:
4682:
4618:
2971:
2332:
667:
646:
257:
214:
210:
152:
137:
95:
1988:"Analysis of Pediatric Dog Bite Injuries at a Level 1 Trauma Center over 10 Years"
1086:. North Pomfret, VT: Trafalgar Square Publishing. pp. 346–347 & 363–365.
387:
and Rottweilers were often the aggressor, and more than twenty percent of studied
4084:
3800:
3772:
3505:
2379:
2279:
2049:
2003:
1823:
1301:
831:
379:
recent research suggests that this perception may reflect a lack of knowledge of
4891:
4883:
4780:
4697:
4672:
4603:
4361:
3768:
1024:
814:
Hoffman, Christy L.; Harrison, Natalie; Wolff, London; Westgarth, Carri (2014).
789:
770:
663:
640:
388:
229:
198:
194:
2819:
2133:
1731:
1714:
1423:
1363:
1264:
947:
930:
55:
4899:
3661:
3013:
2855:"When it comes to pit bulls, animal shelter workers intentionally misidentify"
2162:
Raghavan M. Fatal dog attacks in Canada, 1990–2007. Can Vet J. 2008;49:577–581
1625:
713:
659:
565:
384:
335:
161:
3966:
2755:
2460:
1774:
1755:
1309:
871:
4662:
4494:
4474:
3649:
Pet Projects: Animal Fiction and Taxidermy in the Nineteenth-Century Archive
2117:
1987:
1947:
Sacks, Jeffrey J.; Sinclair, Leslie; Gilchrist, Julie (September 15, 2000).
526:
518:
514:
458:
356:
17:
4142:
2918:"Roeland Park City Council revisits pit bull ban, in place since the 1980s"
2837:
2773:
2398:
2287:
2141:
2057:
2011:
1842:
1783:
1740:
1381:
1317:
956:
849:
411:
and holding it up to the dog's nose can cause the dog to release its hold.
1799:"A canine identity crisis: Genetic breed heritage testing of shelter dogs"
548:
The following table has a sampling of air carrier embargoes on pit bulls.
4895:
4451:
4304:
3871:"Unleashed: RIP to Cesar Millan's beloved companion 'Daddy' the pit bull"
2353:
Gunter, Lisa M.; Barber, Rebecca T.; Wynne, Clive D.L. (March 23, 2016).
1973:"The dangerous dog debate | American Veterinary Medical Association"
725:
396:
humans and canines have been studied by the U.S. government, notably the
305:
109:
4677:
3955:"THE BLACK MAN'S DOG: THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF BREED SPECIFIC LEGISLATION"
3592:
3467:"Delta bans pit bulls as emotional support animals, citing dog attacks"
3324:
537:
447:
405:
165:
3782:
3702:(First New American Library ed.). New York: Penguin. p. 15.
2679:
1117:
Staffordshire Bull Terriers: a practical guide for owners and breeders
461:, also classify the modern American Bulldog as a "pit bull–type dog".
116:. In the United States, the term is usually considered to include the
4120:
1859:"Irrationality Unleashed: The Pitfalls of Breed-Specific Legislation"
1172:"What makes an animal dangerous? The nature v nurture debate in dogs"
616:
451:
408:
260:. On the other side of the law, pit bull–type dogs have been used by
1715:"Inconsistent identification of pit bull–type dogs by shelter staff"
931:"Inconsistent identification of pit bull–type dogs by shelter staff"
3816:"NYC street dog, shot in the face, had long journey to loving home"
3055:"Denver election results for 2J: Voters repeal city's pit bull ban"
2587:. American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. 2013.
1525:"Shooting highlights the risks dogs pose to police, and vice versa"
434:
Widely reported pit bull attacks have resulted in the enactment of
3344:
3342:
2972:"Australian officials to kill pit bulls, other 'dangerous' breeds"
700:
673:
479:
281:
3763:
3761:
3759:
4277:
3699:
Soldier dogs : the untold story of America's canine heroes
4648:
4150:
3003:
Pit Bulls being sold as Staffy crosses by the RSPCA, Australia
2315:
Duffy, D.L.; Hsu, Yuying; Serpell, James A. (April 18, 2008).
759:
755:
273:
San Francisco Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
3990:
The I in Team: Sports Fandom and the Reproduction of Identity
2732:"Cranial dimensions and forces of biting in the domestic dog"
635:, a dog of disputed breed who served for the 102nd Infantry,
3142:"Certeriorari — Summary Dispositions (Order List: 552 U.S.)"
1954:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Archived from
1756:"Rethinking dog breed identification in veterinary practice"
712:
Owning dogs like pit bulls and Rottweilers can be seen as a
201:. It was created by crossing the ferocious, thickly muscled
4273:
3183:. Ontario Court of Appeal. October 24, 2008. Archived from
972:"Bark vs. bite: A look at the stigma surrounding pit bulls"
4116:"Lagunitas Brewing Co. says pit bull label proving no dog"
2475:"Pitbull Myths vs. Fact — Animal Rescuers Without Borders"
736:
have used a specific graphic of a pit bull as their logo.
3411:"Insurance companies unfairly target specific dog breeds"
1485:. Neptune City, N.J.: TFH Publications. pp. 117–121.
1138:"The Most Feared Dogs May Also Be the Most Misunderstood"
724:, pit bulls have been adopted as a hate symbol by racist
373:
American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
209:. The aggressive Old English Bulldog, which was bred for
4206:
The Right to Earn a Living: Economic Freedom and the Law
3615:
Franklin, Deirdre; Lombardi, Linda (November 22, 2016).
3441:"Animals prohibited from traveling — Air France airline"
1346:
Taylor, Jeffrey Q.; Krieger, Rachel (January 13, 2023).
322:
A 2000 joint review project between researchers in the
4248:"Court disciplines lawyers for '1-800 PIT BULL' TV ad"
3893:"Farewell, Friend: Cesar Millan Says Goodbye to Daddy"
2941:. The American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior.
2558:. Court of Appeals of Ohio, Sixth Appellate District.
2208:
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
1761:
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
1498:"Pit bulls becoming drug dealers weapon of preference"
1290:
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
1084:
Dogs: the ultimate dictionary of over 1,000 dog breeds
363:, where breed-specific legislation had been in place.
3771:(2016). "Chapter Six. Fable for the End of a Breed".
3325:"Thousands of banned dogs living at home with owners"
1119:, Ramsbury, Wiltshire: The Crowood Press Ltd., 2016,
754:. The above-mentioned Nipper appeared in the logo of
4835:
4809:
4768:
4715:
4647:
4546:
4521:
4493:
4450:
4320:
4311:
3588:"Problem Line: [ALL EDITIONS 1] - ProQuest"
1284:Essig, Garth F.; Sheehan, Cameron (February 2019).
221:legislation criminalising animal fighting in 2007.
81:
48:
4012:
4010:
3294:"Customs online - Dangerous dogs - Dangerous dogs"
3236:Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
3147:. United States Supreme Court. February 19, 2008.
3030:. Government of Ontario, Canada. August 29, 2005.
2936:"Position Statement on Breed-Specific Legislation"
1857:
1265:Some dog breeds too risky for insurance companies.
1031:. New York: DK Publishing. p. 172 & 181.
279:have unsuccessfully attempted to rename the type.
2261:"Mortality, Mauling, and Maiming by Vicious Dogs"
2087:"Dog Bite Risk and Prevention: The Role of Breed"
1240:(2nd ed., Kindle ed.). John Wiley and Sons.
575:French Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Forestry
4177:"NIPPER' ADVERTISING TRADE MARK FOR HMV, 1940's"
30:"Pitbull" redirects here. For the musician, see
2965:
2963:
2678:. Pit Bull Rescue Central. 2008. Archived from
2116:Khan, K.; Horswell, B. B.; Samanta, D. (2020).
870:. Oxford University Press. 2020. Archived from
2849:
2847:
2654:: Veterinary Medicine Publishing. p. 27.
2648:Medical & Genetic Aspects of Purebred Dogs
2641:
2639:
2259:Bini, John K.; Cohn, Stephen M. (April 2011).
4289:
2200:"A community approach to dog bite prevention"
1592:"Protecting the Nation — One Sniff at a Time"
1523:Baker, Al; Warren, Mathew R. (July 9, 2009).
8:
3993:. University of Chicago Press. p. 166.
3844:"Whispering to Rottweilers, and to C.E.O.'s"
3240:"Dangerous Dogs Law: Guidance for Enforcers"
495:Dog owners in the United States can be held
4935:Dog breeds originating in the United States
2887:"Aurora May Lift Citywide Ban On Pit Bulls"
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
1259:
1257:
4324:
4317:
4296:
4282:
4274:
3917:Soul Friends: Finding Healing with Animals
3618:The Pit Bull Life: A Dog Lover's Companion
3507:Pit Bull: The Battle over an American Icon
2794:Powell, Lauren; Reinhard, Chelsea (2021).
2504:
2502:
1682:"NYC; Rebrand Fido? An idea best put down"
398:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
324:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
54:
45:
3496:
3494:
2827:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2763:
2388:
2378:
2122:Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
2031:
2029:
1832:
1822:
1773:
1730:
1590:Lewin, Adrienne Mand (October 12, 2005).
1481:Wilcox, Bonnie; Walkowicz, Chris (1995).
1476:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1371:
1352:Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
1231:
1229:
1227:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
946:
891:
889:
839:
820:Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science
809:
807:
805:
4054:"It's time to stop demonizing pit bulls"
3016:on October 30, 2021 – via YouTube.
2317:"Breed differences in canine aggression"
1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1019:
1017:
746:Pit bulls have appeared in the logos of
550:
313:
183:
140:type developed from crosses between the
3586:Richterman, Anita (September 1, 1987).
3390:from the original on September 14, 2010
2705:. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders.
2565:from the original on September 16, 2009
2254:
2252:
2091:American Veterinary Medical Association
1015:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
924:
922:
801:
332:American Veterinary Medical Association
3646:Young, Elizabeth (December 17, 2019).
3176:Cochrane v. Ontario (Attorney General)
2624:from the original on November 22, 2015
2487:from the original on February 10, 2015
2231:"ASPCA Policy and Position Statements"
2097:from the original on December 30, 2014
1622:"The Fifth Estate: Pitbulls Unleashed"
1537:from the original on November 16, 2012
1504:from the original on December 21, 2019
457:However, a few jurisdictions, such as
4776:English Toy Terrier (Black & Tan)
4083:; Bogdan, Robert (November 5, 2010).
3110:, 114 Ohio St.3d 278, 2007-Ohio-3724"
2897:from the original on October 24, 2014
2591:from the original on October 22, 2013
2180:from the original on October 19, 2019
1661:from the original on February 9, 2012
1182:from the original on October 14, 2019
1170:Glazebrook, Louise (April 13, 2016).
1165:
1163:
769:ruled that this use was in breach of
334:(AVMA) found the data indicated that
7:
4258:from the original on August 20, 2020
4227:from the original on August 20, 2020
4157:from the original on August 20, 2020
3934:from the original on August 20, 2020
3567:from the original on August 20, 2020
3524:from the original on August 20, 2020
3510:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
3053:Swanson, Conrad (November 4, 2020).
2970:DeRosa, Angie (September 29, 2011).
2529:from the original on August 20, 2020
2509:D. Caroline Coile (April 18, 2011).
1680:Haberman, Clyde (January 13, 2004).
1463:. The Dog fancier. 1903. p. 28.
1441:from the original on August 20, 2020
739:Pit bulls have appeared in American
649:, a character from the movie series
4114:Liu, Cynthia (September 24, 2004).
3744:from the original on August 5, 2015
3415:Humane Society of the United States
2982:from the original on March 19, 2015
1874:from the original on March 26, 2019
1602:from the original on March 22, 2007
1567:(#10). October 2002. Archived from
1406:Kalof, Linda; Taylor, Carl (2007).
907:from the original on March 27, 2019
655:, was played by pit bull–type dogs.
607:11th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
573:Category 1 dogs, as defined by the
328:Humane Society of the United States
188:Early 19th century bull-and-terrier
4030:from the original on July 13, 2020
3873:. Michigan Live. February 23, 2010
3479:from the original on July 18, 2018
3447:from the original on July 26, 2018
3360:from the original on June 15, 2009
3304:from the original on July 28, 2019
3282:from the original on May 10, 2019.
2237:from the original on June 16, 2019
2211:. June 1, 2001. pp. 1731–1749
2038:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
1649:"Shouldn't we just kill this dog?"
658:Twenty-first century dogs include
345:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
277:Center for Animal Care and Control
262:U.S. Customs and Border Protection
25:
4930:Dog breeds originating in England
3987:Tarver, Erin C. (June 26, 2017).
3920:. Dog Ear Publishing. p. 8.
3842:Wallace, Amy (October 10, 2009).
3252:from the original on July 4, 2011
3154:from the original on June 7, 2010
3122:from the original on May 12, 2009
3034:from the original on July 2, 2010
2948:from the original on May 27, 2020
2612:"The pit bull: friend and killer"
2553:, -REVERSED-, 2006-Ohio-975, ¶25"
1921:Lynn, Colleen (August 31, 2015).
1694:from the original on May 21, 2013
1647:Cothran, George (June 11, 1997).
1212:from the original on May 13, 2020
691:Gettysburg National Military Park
3012:. March 14, 2012. Archived from
2863:. September 2014. Archived from
2748:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.01042.x
2441:Applied Animal Behaviour Science
2321:Applied Animal Behaviour Science
1483:Atlas of dog breeds of the world
982:from the original on May 8, 2019
970:Allen, Jenna (August 31, 2017).
783:
112:believed to have descended from
108:is an umbrella term for several
3354:Insurance Information Institute
3272:"Control and ownership of dogs"
1894:Colorado Dog Fanciers v. Denver
1408:"The discourse of dog fighting"
442:objections from veterinarians.
193:the early 19th century for the
4735:American Staffordshire Terrier
4432:Villanuco de Las Encartaciones
3814:Ursch, Blake (July 29, 2016).
2333:10.1016/j.applanim.2008.04.006
1500:. United Press International.
1144:. July 3, 2016. Archived from
903:. Merriam-Webster, Inc. 2020.
242:Protection of Animals Act 1911
205:with the agile, lithe, feisty
122:American Staffordshire Terrier
66:American Staffordshire Terrier
1:
3777:. Columbia University Press.
3774:With Dogs at the Edge of Life
2620:. Vol. 67, no. #4.
2610:Swift, E.M. (July 27, 1987).
2453:10.1016/S0168-1591(96)01125-2
1754:Simpson, Robert John (2012).
1496:Cook, Frank (June 29, 1987).
643:, has been called a pit bull.
3323:Savage, Danny; Green, Ruth.
2380:10.1371/journal.pone.0146857
2280:10.1097/SLA.0b013e318211cd68
2050:10.1097/PRS.0000000000007253
2004:10.1097/SAP.0000000000002928
1824:10.1371/journal.pone.0202633
1302:10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.11.028
1202:"The Problem With Pit Bulls"
832:10.1080/10888705.2014.895904
500:if local laws hold an owner
318:A pit bull with cropped ears
4639:West Highland White Terrier
4417:Soft-coated Wheaten Terrier
2585:"The Truth About Pit Bulls"
1557:"Cool K-9 Popsicle retires"
1461:"The Dog fancier v.12 1903"
1236:Coile, D. Caroline (2021).
1029:The encyclopedia of the dog
4961:
4760:Staffordshire Bull Terrier
4402:Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz
4203:Sandefur, Timothy (2010).
2820:10.1038/s41598-021-87649-2
2174:"The dangerous dog debate"
2134:10.1016/j.joms.2019.11.002
1732:10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.07.019
1424:10.1177/016059760703100403
1364:10.1016/j.joms.2022.12.018
1270:September 4, 2015, at the
948:10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.07.019
901:Merriam-Webster Dictionary
687:11th Pennsylvania Infantry
472:Dangerous Dogs Act of 1991
470:In England and Wales, the
436:breed-specific legislation
430:Breed-specific legislation
427:
424:Breed-specific legislation
303:
174:breed-specific legislation
130:Staffordshire Bull Terrier
74:Staffordshire Bull Terrier
29:
4868:
4817:American Hairless Terrier
4730:American Pit Bull Terrier
4703:Treeing Tennessee Brindle
4327:
4091:Syracuse University Press
3662:10.1515/9780271085111-004
3543:Robinett, Kristy (2018).
3115:. Supreme Court of Ohio.
2515:. John Wiley & Sons.
1998:(6S Suppl 5): S510–S516.
1992:Annals of Plastic Surgery
752:Lagunitas Brewing Company
310:List of fatal dog attacks
300:Dog attack and death risk
286:American Pit Bull Terrier
118:American Pit Bull Terrier
89:
62:American Pit Bull Terrier
53:
4182:The Museum of Technology
3080:"List of Scheduled Dogs"
2717:University of Pittsburgh
2172:Nolen, R. Scott (2017).
1797:Gunter, Lisa M. (2018).
1775:10.2460/javma.241.9.1163
1142:National Geographic News
767:Supreme Court of Florida
734:Keystone State Skinheads
689:; detail of monument at
544:Air carrier restrictions
36:Pitbull (disambiguation)
4629:Teddy Roosevelt Terrier
3656:. pp. 61–62, 236.
3210:"Who let the dogs out?"
486:Commercial restrictions
4796:Toy Manchester Terrier
4755:Miniature Bull Terrier
4624:Sporting Lucas Terrier
4569:Dandie Dinmont Terrier
4470:Danish–Swedish Farmdog
4387:Parson Russell Terrier
4023:Anti-Defamation League
3276:citizensinformation.ie
2920:. KSHB. Archived from
2701:Cherry, James (2014).
1719:The Veterinary Journal
1624:. 2017. Archived from
1412:Humanity & Society
935:The Veterinary Journal
741:World War I propaganda
722:Anti-Defamation League
709:
706:World War I propaganda
693:
637:26th (Yankee) Division
319:
287:
275:and the New York City
189:
34:. For other uses, see
4855:English White Terrier
4845:Black and Tan Terrier
4822:Russian Black Terrier
4668:Catahoula Leopard Dog
4589:Miniature Fox Terrier
4574:Glen of Imaal Terrier
4529:Black Russian Terrier
3914:Nicoll, Kate (2005).
2676:"Breaking up a fight"
2512:Pit Bulls For Dummies
1961:on November 16, 2015.
1657:. San Francisco, CA.
1238:Pit Bulls for Dummies
704:
677:
393:Jack Russell Terriers
317:
285:
207:Black and Tan Terrier
187:
157:nature-versus-nurture
4579:Jack Russell Terrier
4052:(October 28, 2021).
3953:Linder, Ann (2018).
3623:The Countryman Press
3384:American Kennel Club
3350:"Dog Bite Liability"
3190:on September 4, 2015
2924:on October 24, 2014.
2893:. February 3, 2014.
2867:on September 4, 2015
2860:Taylor & Francis
1713:Olson, K.R. (2015).
1654:San Francisco Weekly
1274:KSL.com, May 8, 2013
605:, the mascot of the
226:American Kennel Club
197:of dog fighting and
132:, and sometimes the
4940:Dog fighting breeds
4634:Tenterfield Terrier
4508:Miniature Schnauzer
4382:Old English Terrier
4246:Blankenship, Gary.
4059:The Washington Post
3551:Llewellyn Worldwide
3386:. October 1, 2004.
2812:2021NatSR..11.8018P
2371:2016PLoSO..1146857G
1910:, 1991, p. 169
1896:, 1991, p. 646
1815:2018PLoSO..1302633G
1628:on October 30, 2021
1571:on October 24, 2011
773:advertising rules.
720:. According to the
507:Canine Good Citizen
491:Liability insurance
266:drug detection dogs
203:Old English Bulldog
146:Old English Terrier
142:Old English Bulldog
4876:Bull-type terriers
4554:Australian Terrier
4513:Standard Schnauzer
4485:Miniature Pinscher
4422:Terrier Brasileiro
4412:Smooth Fox Terrier
4392:Patterdale Terrier
4377:Manchester Terrier
4367:Kerry Blue Terrier
4347:Ca Rater MallorquĂ
4337:Bedlington Terrier
3849:The New York Times
3821:Omaha World-Herald
3409:Sodergren, Brian.
3356:. September 2009.
3108:Toledo v. Tellings
3086:on August 27, 2015
2800:Scientific Reports
2736:Journal of Anatomy
2682:on January 4, 2010
2617:Sports Illustrated
2551:Toledo v. Tellings
2093:. April 17, 2012.
1856:Swann, Kristen E.
1687:The New York Times
1561:U.S. Customs Today
1530:The New York Times
874:on August 20, 2020
748:Brown Shoe Company
710:
694:
679:Sallie Ann Jarrett
652:The Little Rascals
626:His Master's Voice
611:American Civil War
603:Sallie Ann Jarrett
515:Doberman Pinschers
415:In animal shelters
320:
288:
234:United Kennel Club
190:
4912:
4911:
4850:Blue Paul Terrier
4801:Yorkshire Terrier
4711:
4710:
4542:
4541:
4465:Austrian Pinscher
4427:Valencian Terrier
4407:Ratonero Murciano
4220:978-1-935308-34-8
4100:978-0-8156-5091-1
4000:978-0-226-47027-6
3959:Animal Law Review
3927:978-0-9766603-6-1
3801:10.7312/daya16712
3792:978-0-231-16712-3
3783:10.7312/daya16712
3671:978-0-271-08511-1
3632:978-1-58157-504-0
3560:978-0-7387-5571-7
3517:978-0-307-96177-8
3475:. June 22, 2018.
3472:Los Angeles Times
2712:978-1-4557-1177-2
2661:978-0-9641609-0-3
2447:(#3–4): 229–242.
2268:Annals of Surgery
1038:978-0-7566-6004-8
868:Oxford Dictionary
730:White supremacist
623:'s 1898 painting
597:Notable pit bulls
594:
593:
534:Farmers Insurance
381:dog body-language
114:bull and terriers
103:
102:
16:(Redirected from
4952:
4745:Bull and terrier
4717:Bull-type breeds
4614:Sealyham Terrier
4609:Scottish Terrier
4584:Japanese Terrier
4442:Wire Fox Terrier
4372:Lakeland Terrier
4332:Airedale Terrier
4325:
4318:
4298:
4291:
4284:
4275:
4268:
4267:
4265:
4263:
4243:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4232:
4200:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4189:
4173:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4162:
4139:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4128:
4111:
4105:
4104:
4077:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4066:
4046:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4035:
4014:
4005:
4004:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3973:
3950:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3939:
3911:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3889:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3867:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3856:
3839:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3828:
3811:
3805:
3804:
3765:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3749:
3730:Kershaw, Sarah.
3727:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3716:
3694:Goodavage, Maria
3690:
3684:
3683:
3654:Penn State Press
3643:
3637:
3636:
3612:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3601:
3583:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3572:
3540:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3529:
3498:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3463:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3437:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3426:
3417:. Archived from
3406:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3376:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3346:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3332:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3251:
3244:
3232:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3216:on June 14, 2011
3206:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3189:
3182:
3178:, 2008 ONCA 718"
3170:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3153:
3146:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3121:
3114:
3102:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3039:
3024:
3018:
3017:
2998:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2967:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2947:
2940:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2851:
2842:
2841:
2831:
2791:
2778:
2777:
2767:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2715:– via the
2698:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2652:Edwardsville, KS
2643:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2629:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2564:
2557:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2506:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2486:
2479:
2471:
2465:
2464:
2436:
2430:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2412:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2392:
2382:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2327:(3–4): 441–460.
2312:
2306:
2305:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2265:
2256:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2204:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2083:
2070:
2069:
2044:(5): 1166–1176.
2033:
2024:
2023:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1975:. November 2017.
1969:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1953:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1908:Ohio v. Anderson
1904:
1898:
1897:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1861:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1836:
1826:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1777:
1768:(9): 1163–1166.
1751:
1745:
1744:
1734:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1690:. New York, NY.
1677:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1533:. New York, NY.
1520:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1478:
1465:
1464:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1440:
1403:
1386:
1385:
1375:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1281:
1275:
1263:Gephardt, Bill.
1261:
1252:
1251:
1233:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1167:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1148:on July 15, 2020
1134:
1128:
1113:
1098:
1097:
1076:
1043:
1042:
1021:
992:
991:
989:
987:
967:
961:
960:
950:
926:
917:
916:
914:
912:
893:
884:
883:
881:
879:
860:
854:
853:
843:
811:
788:
787:
551:
538:wolf-dog hybrids
369:Siberian Huskies
361:Denver, Colorado
134:American Bulldog
98:
92:
70:American Bulldog
58:
46:
32:Pitbull (rapper)
21:
4960:
4959:
4955:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4950:
4949:
4915:
4914:
4913:
4908:
4904:Working terrier
4864:
4860:Paisley Terrier
4831:
4827:Tibetan Terrier
4805:
4791:Toy Fox Terrier
4764:
4707:
4658:Black Mouth Cur
4643:
4599:Norwich Terrier
4594:Norfolk Terrier
4538:
4534:Dutch Smoushond
4517:
4503:Giant Schnauzer
4489:
4480:German Pinscher
4446:
4397:Plummer Terrier
4352:Chilean Terrier
4307:
4302:
4272:
4271:
4261:
4259:
4252:The Florida Bar
4245:
4244:
4240:
4230:
4228:
4221:
4213:. p. 203.
4202:
4201:
4197:
4187:
4185:
4175:
4174:
4170:
4160:
4158:
4141:
4140:
4136:
4126:
4124:
4113:
4112:
4108:
4101:
4093:. p. 239.
4079:
4078:
4074:
4064:
4062:
4050:Lauerman, Kerry
4048:
4047:
4043:
4033:
4031:
4016:
4015:
4008:
4001:
3986:
3985:
3981:
3971:
3969:
3952:
3951:
3947:
3937:
3935:
3928:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3898:
3896:
3891:
3890:
3886:
3876:
3874:
3869:
3868:
3864:
3854:
3852:
3841:
3840:
3836:
3826:
3824:
3813:
3812:
3808:
3793:
3767:
3766:
3757:
3747:
3745:
3737:Washington Post
3729:
3728:
3724:
3714:
3712:
3710:
3692:
3691:
3687:
3672:
3645:
3644:
3640:
3633:
3614:
3613:
3609:
3599:
3597:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3570:
3568:
3561:
3542:
3541:
3537:
3527:
3525:
3518:
3502:Dickey, Bronwen
3500:
3499:
3492:
3482:
3480:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3450:
3448:
3439:
3438:
3434:
3424:
3422:
3421:on July 7, 2009
3408:
3407:
3403:
3393:
3391:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3363:
3361:
3348:
3347:
3340:
3330:
3328:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3307:
3305:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3255:
3253:
3249:
3242:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3219:
3217:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3180:
3172:
3171:
3167:
3157:
3155:
3151:
3144:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3125:
3123:
3119:
3112:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3089:
3087:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3063:
3061:
3059:The Denver Post
3052:
3051:
3047:
3037:
3035:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3000:
2999:
2995:
2985:
2983:
2969:
2968:
2961:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2938:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2900:
2898:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2870:
2868:
2853:
2852:
2845:
2793:
2792:
2781:
2729:
2728:
2724:
2713:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2685:
2683:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2662:
2645:
2644:
2637:
2627:
2625:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2594:
2592:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2555:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2532:
2530:
2523:
2508:
2507:
2500:
2490:
2488:
2484:
2477:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2438:
2437:
2433:
2428:
2424:
2419:
2415:
2410:
2406:
2365:(3): e0146857.
2352:
2351:
2347:
2337:
2335:
2314:
2313:
2309:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2263:
2258:
2257:
2250:
2240:
2238:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2214:
2212:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2183:
2181:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2100:
2098:
2085:
2084:
2073:
2035:
2034:
2027:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1958:
1951:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1931:
1929:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1877:
1875:
1864:UMKC Law Review
1855:
1854:
1850:
1809:(8): e0202633.
1796:
1795:
1791:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1697:
1695:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1664:
1662:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1631:
1629:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1605:
1603:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1574:
1572:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1540:
1538:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1507:
1505:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1480:
1479:
1468:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1405:
1404:
1389:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1330:
1328:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1272:Wayback Machine
1262:
1255:
1248:
1235:
1234:
1225:
1215:
1213:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1185:
1183:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1151:
1149:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1115:James Beaufoy,
1114:
1101:
1094:
1080:Morris, Desmond
1078:
1077:
1046:
1039:
1023:
1022:
995:
985:
983:
969:
968:
964:
928:
927:
920:
910:
908:
895:
894:
887:
877:
875:
862:
861:
857:
813:
812:
803:
798:
790:Dogs portal
782:
779:
718:hip hop culture
714:symbol of power
699:
633:Sergeant Stubby
621:Francis Barraud
599:
583:Delta Air Lines
546:
523:American Akitas
502:strictly liable
493:
488:
432:
426:
417:
351:, and ahead of
349:German Shepherd
312:
302:
293:
250:The Kennel Club
182:
94:
90:
77:
44:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4958:
4956:
4948:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4917:
4916:
4910:
4909:
4907:
4906:
4869:
4866:
4865:
4863:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4841:
4839:
4837:Extinct breeds
4833:
4832:
4830:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4813:
4811:
4807:
4806:
4804:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4772:
4770:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4740:Boston Terrier
4737:
4732:
4727:
4725:American Bully
4721:
4719:
4713:
4712:
4709:
4708:
4706:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4693:Stephens Stock
4690:
4688:Mountain Feist
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4654:
4652:
4651:hunting breeds
4645:
4644:
4642:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4550:
4548:
4544:
4543:
4540:
4539:
4537:
4536:
4531:
4525:
4523:
4519:
4518:
4516:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4499:
4497:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4456:
4454:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4342:Border Terrier
4339:
4334:
4328:
4322:
4315:
4313:Working breeds
4309:
4308:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4293:
4286:
4278:
4270:
4269:
4238:
4219:
4211:Cato Institute
4195:
4168:
4134:
4106:
4099:
4081:Arluke, Arnold
4072:
4041:
4006:
3999:
3979:
3961:. p. 56.
3945:
3926:
3906:
3884:
3862:
3834:
3806:
3791:
3755:
3722:
3708:
3685:
3670:
3638:
3631:
3607:
3595:- via ProQuest
3578:
3559:
3535:
3516:
3490:
3458:
3443:. Air France.
3432:
3401:
3371:
3338:
3315:
3285:
3263:
3238:(March 2009).
3227:
3201:
3165:
3133:
3097:
3071:
3045:
3019:
2993:
2959:
2927:
2908:
2878:
2843:
2779:
2742:(3): 362–373.
2722:
2711:
2693:
2667:
2660:
2635:
2602:
2576:
2540:
2521:
2498:
2466:
2431:
2422:
2413:
2404:
2345:
2307:
2293:
2274:(4): 791–797.
2248:
2222:
2191:
2164:
2155:
2128:(3): 401–413.
2108:
2071:
2025:
1978:
1964:
1939:
1913:
1899:
1885:
1848:
1789:
1746:
1725:(2): 197–202.
1705:
1672:
1639:
1613:
1582:
1548:
1515:
1488:
1466:
1452:
1418:(4): 319–333.
1387:
1358:(5): 575–582.
1338:
1276:
1253:
1247:978-1119720904
1246:
1223:
1193:
1159:
1129:
1099:
1092:
1044:
1037:
993:
962:
941:(2): 197–202.
918:
885:
855:
826:(4): 322–339.
800:
799:
797:
794:
793:
792:
778:
775:
698:
695:
685:mascot of the
672:
671:
666:, dog trainer
656:
644:
630:
614:
598:
595:
592:
591:
588:
585:
579:
578:
571:
568:
562:
561:
558:
555:
545:
542:
497:legally liable
492:
489:
487:
484:
428:Main article:
425:
422:
416:
413:
301:
298:
292:
291:Identification
289:
181:
178:
126:American Bully
101:
100:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
59:
51:
50:
42:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4957:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4922:
4920:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4889:
4888:Fell Terriers
4885:
4881:
4877:
4874:
4871:
4870:
4867:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4838:
4834:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4810:Miscellaneous
4808:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4786:Silky Terrier
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4773:
4771:
4767:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4714:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4646:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4564:Cesky Terrier
4562:
4560:
4559:Cairn Terrier
4557:
4555:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4545:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4520:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4496:
4492:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4460:Affenpinscher
4458:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4449:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4437:Welsh Terrier
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4357:Irish Terrier
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4326:
4323:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4310:
4306:
4299:
4294:
4292:
4287:
4285:
4280:
4279:
4276:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4242:
4239:
4226:
4222:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4207:
4199:
4196:
4184:
4183:
4178:
4172:
4169:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4138:
4135:
4123:
4122:
4117:
4110:
4107:
4102:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4073:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4051:
4045:
4042:
4029:
4025:
4024:
4019:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4002:
3996:
3992:
3991:
3983:
3980:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3949:
3946:
3933:
3929:
3923:
3919:
3918:
3910:
3907:
3894:
3888:
3885:
3872:
3866:
3863:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3838:
3835:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3810:
3807:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3776:
3775:
3770:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3756:
3743:
3739:
3738:
3733:
3726:
3723:
3711:
3709:9781101577103
3705:
3701:
3700:
3695:
3689:
3686:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3667:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3650:
3642:
3639:
3634:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3619:
3611:
3608:
3600:September 11,
3596:
3594:
3589:
3582:
3579:
3566:
3562:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3547:
3539:
3536:
3523:
3519:
3513:
3509:
3508:
3503:
3497:
3495:
3491:
3478:
3474:
3473:
3468:
3462:
3459:
3446:
3442:
3436:
3433:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3405:
3402:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3375:
3372:
3364:September 24,
3359:
3355:
3351:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3326:
3319:
3316:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3289:
3286:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3267:
3264:
3248:
3241:
3237:
3231:
3228:
3215:
3211:
3205:
3202:
3186:
3179:
3177:
3169:
3166:
3150:
3143:
3137:
3134:
3118:
3111:
3109:
3101:
3098:
3085:
3081:
3075:
3072:
3060:
3056:
3049:
3046:
3033:
3029:
3023:
3020:
3015:
3011:
3010:
3005:
3004:
2997:
2994:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2944:
2937:
2931:
2928:
2923:
2919:
2916:Lexi Sutter.
2912:
2909:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2882:
2879:
2866:
2862:
2861:
2856:
2850:
2848:
2844:
2839:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2775:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2726:
2723:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2704:
2697:
2694:
2681:
2677:
2671:
2668:
2663:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2613:
2606:
2603:
2590:
2586:
2580:
2577:
2561:
2554:
2552:
2544:
2541:
2528:
2524:
2522:9781118069370
2518:
2514:
2513:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2483:
2476:
2470:
2467:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2435:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2349:
2346:
2338:September 13,
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2311:
2308:
2303:
2297:
2294:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2262:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2223:
2210:
2209:
2201:
2195:
2192:
2179:
2175:
2168:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2112:
2109:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1982:
1979:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1957:
1950:
1943:
1940:
1928:
1927:DogsBite Blog
1924:
1917:
1914:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1895:
1889:
1886:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1852:
1849:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1793:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1757:
1750:
1747:
1742:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1709:
1706:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1676:
1673:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1643:
1640:
1627:
1623:
1617:
1614:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1586:
1583:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1552:
1549:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1519:
1516:
1503:
1499:
1492:
1489:
1484:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1456:
1453:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1342:
1339:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1280:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1239:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1194:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1125:9781785000973
1122:
1118:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1093:1-57076-219-8
1089:
1085:
1081:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
994:
981:
977:
973:
966:
963:
958:
954:
949:
944:
940:
936:
932:
925:
923:
919:
906:
902:
898:
892:
890:
886:
873:
869:
865:
859:
856:
851:
847:
842:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
810:
808:
806:
802:
795:
791:
786:
781:
780:
776:
774:
772:
768:
763:
761:
757:
753:
749:
744:
742:
737:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
707:
703:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
669:
665:
661:
657:
654:
653:
648:
645:
642:
638:
634:
631:
628:
627:
622:
618:
615:
612:
608:
604:
601:
600:
596:
589:
586:
584:
581:
580:
576:
572:
569:
567:
564:
563:
559:
556:
553:
552:
549:
543:
541:
539:
535:
530:
528:
524:
520:
516:
510:
508:
503:
498:
490:
485:
483:
481:
476:
473:
468:
465:
462:
460:
455:
453:
449:
443:
439:
437:
431:
423:
421:
414:
412:
410:
407:
401:
399:
394:
390:
386:
382:
376:
374:
370:
364:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
340:
337:
333:
329:
325:
316:
311:
307:
299:
297:
290:
284:
280:
278:
274:
269:
267:
263:
259:
253:
251:
247:
246:Black Country
243:
237:
235:
231:
227:
222:
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
186:
179:
177:
175:
169:
167:
163:
158:
154:
149:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
97:
88:
85:United States
84:
80:
75:
71:
67:
63:
57:
52:
47:
41:
37:
33:
19:
4892:Fox Terriers
4879:
4872:
4750:Bull Terrier
4683:Mountain Cur
4619:Skye Terrier
4547:Short-legged
4260:. Retrieved
4241:
4229:. Retrieved
4205:
4198:
4186:. Retrieved
4180:
4171:
4159:. Retrieved
4147:text.npr.org
4146:
4137:
4125:. Retrieved
4119:
4109:
4085:
4075:
4063:. Retrieved
4057:
4044:
4032:. Retrieved
4021:
3989:
3982:
3970:. Retrieved
3948:
3936:. Retrieved
3916:
3909:
3899:February 11,
3897:. Retrieved
3887:
3877:February 11,
3875:. Retrieved
3865:
3855:February 11,
3853:. Retrieved
3847:
3837:
3825:. Retrieved
3819:
3809:
3773:
3769:Dayan, Colin
3746:. Retrieved
3735:
3725:
3713:. Retrieved
3698:
3688:
3648:
3641:
3617:
3610:
3598:. Retrieved
3591:
3581:
3569:. Retrieved
3545:
3538:
3526:. Retrieved
3506:
3481:. Retrieved
3470:
3461:
3449:. Retrieved
3435:
3423:. Retrieved
3419:the original
3404:
3392:. Retrieved
3374:
3362:. Retrieved
3329:. Retrieved
3318:
3306:. Retrieved
3297:
3288:
3275:
3266:
3254:. Retrieved
3230:
3218:. Retrieved
3214:the original
3204:
3192:. Retrieved
3185:the original
3175:
3168:
3156:. Retrieved
3136:
3124:. Retrieved
3107:
3100:
3090:February 20,
3088:. Retrieved
3084:the original
3074:
3062:. Retrieved
3058:
3048:
3036:. Retrieved
3022:
3014:the original
3007:
3002:
2996:
2984:. Retrieved
2975:
2950:. Retrieved
2930:
2922:the original
2911:
2899:. Retrieved
2891:cbslocal.com
2890:
2881:
2869:. Retrieved
2865:the original
2858:
2803:
2799:
2739:
2735:
2725:
2702:
2696:
2684:. Retrieved
2680:the original
2670:
2647:
2626:. Retrieved
2615:
2605:
2593:. Retrieved
2579:
2567:. Retrieved
2550:
2543:
2531:. Retrieved
2511:
2491:December 22,
2489:. Retrieved
2469:
2444:
2440:
2434:
2425:
2416:
2407:
2362:
2358:
2348:
2336:. Retrieved
2324:
2320:
2310:
2296:
2271:
2267:
2239:. Retrieved
2225:
2213:. Retrieved
2206:
2194:
2182:. Retrieved
2167:
2158:
2125:
2121:
2111:
2099:. Retrieved
2041:
2037:
1995:
1991:
1981:
1967:
1956:the original
1942:
1930:. Retrieved
1926:
1916:
1907:
1902:
1893:
1888:
1876:. Retrieved
1867:
1863:
1851:
1806:
1802:
1792:
1765:
1759:
1749:
1722:
1718:
1708:
1698:September 4,
1696:. Retrieved
1685:
1675:
1665:September 4,
1663:. Retrieved
1652:
1642:
1630:. Retrieved
1626:the original
1616:
1604:. Retrieved
1585:
1573:. Retrieved
1569:the original
1564:
1560:
1551:
1539:. Retrieved
1528:
1518:
1508:December 21,
1506:. Retrieved
1491:
1482:
1455:
1443:. Retrieved
1415:
1411:
1355:
1351:
1341:
1331:February 23,
1329:. Retrieved
1293:
1289:
1279:
1237:
1214:. Retrieved
1205:
1196:
1184:. Retrieved
1176:BBC Newsbeat
1175:
1150:. Retrieved
1146:the original
1141:
1132:
1116:
1083:
1028:
1025:Fogle, Bruce
984:. Retrieved
976:Vox Magazine
975:
965:
938:
934:
909:. Retrieved
900:
876:. Retrieved
872:the original
867:
858:
823:
819:
764:
745:
738:
711:
668:Cesar Millan
650:
647:Pete the Pup
624:
547:
531:
511:
494:
477:
469:
466:
463:
456:
446:province of
444:
440:
433:
418:
402:
377:
365:
344:
341:
321:
294:
270:
258:gang culture
254:
238:
223:
219:
215:bull baiting
195:blood sports
191:
170:
166:wolf hybrids
153:dog fighting
150:
138:dog-fighting
110:types of dog
105:
104:
96:domestic dog
40:
18:Bully breeds
4781:Russian Toy
4698:Treeing Cur
4604:Rat Terrier
4362:Jagdterrier
4321:Long-legged
3394:February 4,
3331:February 8,
3298:www.zoll.de
2986:October 23,
2901:October 23,
2871:October 22,
2806:(1): 8018.
2628:December 2,
2595:October 22,
2101:October 21,
1606:February 2,
1296:: 182–188.
771:Florida Bar
697:As a symbol
641:World War I
609:during the
385:Great Danes
336:Rottweilers
330:(HSUS) and
230:kennel club
199:rat baiting
162:Rottweilers
27:Type of dog
4925:Catch dogs
4919:Categories
4900:Schnauzers
4769:Toy breeds
4495:Schnauzers
4262:August 10,
4231:August 10,
4161:August 10,
4034:August 10,
4018:"Pit Bull"
3938:August 10,
3748:August 14,
3715:August 14,
3571:August 14,
3528:August 14,
3425:August 12,
2952:August 15,
2686:August 16,
2569:October 2,
1878:August 20,
1541:January 7,
1445:August 14,
1216:August 20,
1186:August 15,
1152:August 15,
911:August 14,
897:"pit bull"
878:August 14,
864:"pit bull"
796:References
566:Air France
527:Chow Chows
517:, Akitas (
357:Chow Chows
304:See also:
4945:Dog types
4896:Pinschers
4880:Pit bulls
4663:Blue Lacy
4475:Dobermann
4452:Pinschers
4127:April 13,
3972:April 13,
3967:1088-8802
3680:242686493
3158:August 3,
3064:March 17,
2756:0021-8782
2533:March 31,
2461:0168-1591
2150:209167886
2066:225080998
2020:235368825
1632:March 10,
1575:August 7,
1432:144066670
1310:0165-5876
726:skinheads
683:Civil War
532:In 2013,
519:Akita Inu
459:Singapore
375:(ASPCA).
353:Labradors
43:Dog breed
4649:Cur-type
4305:Terriers
4256:Archived
4225:Archived
4155:Archived
4065:June 29,
4028:Archived
3932:Archived
3895:. People
3827:June 29,
3742:Archived
3696:(2012).
3565:Archived
3522:Archived
3504:(2016).
3483:July 26,
3477:Archived
3451:July 26,
3445:Archived
3388:Archived
3358:Archived
3308:July 24,
3302:Archived
3280:Archived
3247:Archived
3220:July 21,
3194:July 21,
3149:Archived
3126:June 29,
3117:Archived
3032:Archived
3009:ABC News
2980:Archived
2943:Archived
2895:Archived
2838:33850258
2774:19245503
2622:Archived
2589:Archived
2560:Archived
2527:Archived
2482:Archived
2399:27008213
2359:PLOS ONE
2288:21475022
2241:July 12,
2235:Archived
2215:July 11,
2184:July 12,
2178:Archived
2142:31816277
2095:Archived
2058:33136964
2012:34100808
1932:April 6,
1872:Archived
1843:30138476
1803:PLOS ONE
1784:23078561
1741:26403955
1692:Archived
1659:Archived
1600:Archived
1596:ABC News
1535:Archived
1502:Archived
1436:Archived
1382:36646135
1326:57740754
1318:30579079
1268:Archived
1210:Archived
1180:Archived
1082:(2001).
1027:(2009).
980:Archived
957:26403955
905:Archived
850:24673506
777:See also
560:Details
554:Airline
306:Dog bite
144:and the
106:Pit bull
49:Pit bull
4678:Lurcher
4188:July 5,
3593:Newsday
3256:May 20,
3038:July 5,
2976:Vin.com
2829:8044234
2808:Bibcode
2765:2673787
2390:4805246
2367:Bibcode
1870:: 839.
1834:6107223
1811:Bibcode
1373:9838755
841:4160292
639:during
587:Safety
570:Safety
557:Reason
525:), and
448:Ontario
406:ammonia
326:(CDC),
180:History
4884:Feists
4873:Types:
4217:
4121:SFGate
4097:
3997:
3965:
3924:
3799:
3789:
3706:
3678:
3668:
3629:
3557:
3514:
2836:
2826:
2772:
2762:
2754:
2709:
2658:
2519:
2459:
2397:
2387:
2286:
2148:
2140:
2064:
2056:
2018:
2010:
1841:
1831:
1782:
1739:
1430:
1380:
1370:
1324:
1316:
1308:
1244:
1123:
1090:
1035:
986:May 9,
955:
848:
838:
732:group
728:. The
708:poster
681:, the
617:Nipper
452:Denver
409:ampule
389:Akitas
232:, the
82:Origin
4878:(and
4673:Feist
4522:Other
3797:JSTOR
3676:S2CID
3327:. BBC
3250:(PDF)
3243:(PDF)
3188:(PDF)
3181:(PDF)
3152:(PDF)
3145:(PDF)
3120:(PDF)
3113:(PDF)
2946:(PDF)
2939:(PDF)
2563:(PDF)
2556:(PDF)
2485:(PDF)
2478:(PDF)
2264:(PDF)
2203:(PDF)
2146:S2CID
2062:S2CID
2016:S2CID
1959:(PDF)
1952:(PDF)
1439:(PDF)
1428:S2CID
1322:S2CID
664:Daddy
480:Wales
4264:2020
4233:2020
4215:ISBN
4190:2023
4163:2020
4129:2023
4095:ISBN
4067:2023
4036:2020
3995:ISBN
3974:2023
3963:ISSN
3940:2020
3922:ISBN
3901:2021
3879:2021
3857:2021
3829:2023
3787:ISBN
3750:2020
3717:2020
3704:ISBN
3666:ISBN
3627:ISBN
3602:2022
3573:2020
3555:ISBN
3530:2020
3512:ISBN
3485:2018
3453:2018
3427:2009
3396:2009
3366:2009
3333:2024
3310:2020
3258:2011
3222:2009
3196:2009
3160:2009
3128:2009
3092:2018
3066:2023
3040:2010
2988:2014
2954:2020
2903:2014
2873:2014
2834:PMID
2770:PMID
2752:ISSN
2707:ISBN
2688:2009
2656:ISBN
2630:2009
2597:2013
2571:2009
2535:2013
2517:ISBN
2493:2014
2457:ISSN
2395:PMID
2340:2020
2284:PMID
2243:2019
2217:2009
2186:2019
2138:PMID
2103:2014
2054:PMID
2008:PMID
1934:2023
1880:2020
1839:PMID
1780:PMID
1737:PMID
1700:2009
1667:2009
1634:2021
1608:2009
1577:2009
1543:2010
1510:2019
1447:2020
1378:PMID
1333:2022
1314:PMID
1306:ISSN
1242:ISBN
1218:2020
1206:Time
1188:2020
1154:2020
1121:ISBN
1088:ISBN
1033:ISBN
988:2019
953:PMID
913:2020
880:2020
846:PMID
758:and
750:and
660:Star
521:and
308:and
213:and
211:bear
164:and
4882:),
4151:NPR
3779:doi
3658:doi
2824:PMC
2816:doi
2760:PMC
2744:doi
2740:214
2449:doi
2385:PMC
2375:doi
2329:doi
2325:114
2276:doi
2272:253
2130:doi
2046:doi
2042:146
2000:doi
1829:PMC
1819:doi
1770:doi
1766:241
1727:doi
1723:206
1420:doi
1368:PMC
1360:doi
1298:doi
1294:117
943:doi
939:206
836:PMC
828:doi
762:.
760:HMV
756:RCA
264:as
91:Dog
4921::
4902:,
4898:,
4894:,
4890:,
4886:,
4254:.
4250:.
4223:.
4209:.
4179:.
4153:.
4149:.
4145:.
4118:.
4089:.
4056:.
4026:.
4020:.
4009:^
3957:.
3930:.
3846:.
3818:.
3795:.
3785:.
3758:^
3740:.
3734:.
3674:.
3664:.
3652:.
3625:.
3621:.
3590:.
3563:.
3553:.
3549:.
3520:.
3493:^
3469:.
3413:.
3382:.
3352:.
3341:^
3300:.
3296:.
3278:.
3274:.
3245:.
3057:.
3006:.
2978:.
2974:.
2962:^
2889:.
2857:.
2846:^
2832:.
2822:.
2814:.
2804:11
2802:.
2798:.
2782:^
2768:.
2758:.
2750:.
2738:.
2734:.
2650:.
2638:^
2614:.
2525:.
2501:^
2480:.
2455:.
2445:52
2443:.
2393:.
2383:.
2373:.
2363:11
2361:.
2357:.
2323:.
2319:.
2282:.
2270:.
2266:.
2251:^
2233:.
2205:.
2176:.
2144:.
2136:.
2126:78
2124:.
2120:.
2089:.
2074:^
2060:.
2052:.
2040:.
2028:^
2014:.
2006:.
1996:86
1994:.
1990:.
1925:.
1868:78
1866:.
1862:.
1837:.
1827:.
1817:.
1807:13
1805:.
1801:.
1778:.
1764:.
1758:.
1735:.
1721:.
1717:.
1684:.
1651:.
1598:.
1594:.
1565:38
1563:.
1559:.
1527:.
1469:^
1434:.
1426:.
1416:31
1414:.
1410:.
1390:^
1376:.
1366:.
1356:81
1354:.
1350:.
1320:.
1312:.
1304:.
1292:.
1288:.
1256:^
1226:^
1208:.
1204:.
1178:.
1174:.
1162:^
1140:.
1102:^
1047:^
996:^
978:.
974:.
951:.
937:.
933:.
921:^
899:.
888:^
866:.
844:.
834:.
824:17
822:.
818:.
804:^
743:.
529:.
450:.
391:,
355:,
268:.
148:.
128:,
124:,
120:,
72:,
68:,
64:,
4297:e
4290:t
4283:v
4266:.
4235:.
4192:.
4165:.
4131:.
4103:.
4069:.
4038:.
4003:.
3976:.
3942:.
3903:.
3881:.
3859:.
3831:.
3803:.
3781::
3752:.
3719:.
3682:.
3660::
3635:.
3604:.
3575:.
3532:.
3487:.
3455:.
3429:.
3398:.
3368:.
3335:.
3312:.
3260:.
3224:.
3198:.
3174:"
3162:.
3130:.
3106:"
3094:.
3068:.
3042:.
2990:.
2956:.
2905:.
2875:.
2840:.
2818::
2810::
2776:.
2746::
2719:.
2690:.
2664:.
2632:.
2599:.
2573:.
2549:"
2537:.
2495:.
2463:.
2451::
2401:.
2377::
2369::
2342:.
2331::
2304:.
2290:.
2278::
2245:.
2219:.
2188:.
2152:.
2132::
2105:.
2068:.
2048::
2022:.
2002::
1936:.
1882:.
1845:.
1821::
1813::
1786:.
1772::
1743:.
1729::
1702:.
1669:.
1636:.
1610:.
1579:.
1545:.
1512:.
1449:.
1422::
1384:.
1362::
1335:.
1300::
1250:.
1220:.
1190:.
1156:.
1127:.
1096:.
1041:.
990:.
959:.
945::
915:.
882:.
852:.
830::
629:.
613:.
99:)
93:(
76:.
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.