Baltimore classification - Knowledge (XXG)

1047:. For monopartite viruses, all genes are on the single segment of the genome. Multipartite viruses typically package their genomes into a single virion so that the whole genome is in one virus particle, and the separate segments contain different genes. Monopartite viruses are found in all Baltimore groups, whereas multipartite viruses are usually RNA viruses. This is because most multipartite viruses infect plants or fungi, which are eukaryotes, and most eukaryotic viruses are RNA viruses. The family 142: 608: 91:(RNA), the strandedness of the genome, which can be either single- or double-stranded, and the sense of a single-stranded genome, which is either positive or negative. The primary advantage of Baltimore classification is that by classifying viruses according to the aforementioned characteristics, viruses that behave in the same manner can be studied as distinct groups. There are seven Baltimore groups numbered with Roman numerals, listed hereafter. 1117: 967: 685: 1233: 75:. Since then, it has become common among virologists to use Baltimore classification alongside standard virus taxonomy, which is based on evolutionary history. In 2018 and 2019, Baltimore classification was partially integrated into virus taxonomy based on evidence that certain groups were descended from common ancestors. Various realms, kingdoms, and phyla now correspond to specific Baltimore groups. 437: 777:, whereby a short sequence of host cell mRNA is taken and used as the 5′ cap of the viral mRNA. Genomic -ssRNA is replicated from the positive sense antigenome in a similar manner as transcription, except in reverse using the antigenome as a template for the genome. RdRp moves from the 3′-end to the 5′-end of the antigenome and ignores all transcription signals when synthesizing genomic -ssRNA. 1072:

animal and plant viruses, are RNA viruses, although eukaryotic DNA viruses are also common. By group, the vast majority of dsDNA viruses infect prokaryotes, ssDNA viruses are found in all three domains of life, dsRNA and +ssRNA viruses are primarily found in eukaryotes but also in bacteria, and -ssRNA and reverse transcribing viruses are only found in eukaryotes.

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genome in the cytoplasm, and the genome is replicated from these RNA strands. The dsDNA genome is produced from pregenomic RNA strands via the same general mechanism as ssRNA-RT viruses, but with replication occurring in a loop around the circular genome. After replication, the dsDNA genome may be packed or sent to the nucleus for further rounds of transcription.

796:-ssRNA viruses can be subdivided informally between those that have nonsegmented and segmented genomes. Nonsegmented -ssRNA viruses replicate in the cytoplasm, and segmented -ssRNA viruses replicate in the nucleus. During transcription, the RdRp produces one monocistronic mRNA strand from each segment of the genome. All -ssRNA viruses are classified in the phylum 3519: 7366: 228:

progressing in a loop around the circular genome is also common. Some dsDNA viruses use a strand displacement method whereby one strand is synthesized from a template strand, and a complementary strand is then synthesized from the prior synthesized strand, forming a dsDNA genome. Lastly, some dsDNA viruses are replicated as part of a process called

711:+ssRNA viruses can be subdivided between those that have polycistronic mRNA, which encodes a polyprotein that is cleaved to form multiple mature proteins, and those that produce subgenomic mRNAs and therefore undergo two or more rounds of translation. +ssRNA viruses are included in three phyla in the kingdom 1107:

Alternative splicing differs from RNA editing in that alternative splicing does not change the mRNA sequence like RNA editing but instead changes the coding capacity of an mRNA sequence as a result of alternative splicing sites. The two mechanisms otherwise have the same result: multiple proteins are

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Viral genomes may be either linear with ends or circular in a loop. Whether a virus has a linear or circular genome varies from group to group. A significant percentage of dsDNA viruses are both, ssDNA viruses are primarily circular, RNA viruses and ssRNA-RT viruses are typically linear, and dsDNA-RT

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is a mechanism by which different proteins can be produced from a single gene by means of using alternative splicing sites to produce different mRNAs. It is found in various DNA, -ssRNA, and reverse transcribing viruses. Viruses may make use of alternative splicing solely to produce multiple proteins

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and then moves back in the RNA sequence with the mRNA to transcribe it again, continuing this process numerous times until hundreds of adenines have been added to the 3′-end of the mRNA. Additionally, some -ssRNA viruses are ambisense, as both the positive and negative strands separately encode viral

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The fifth Baltimore group contains viruses that have a negative sense, single-stranded RNA (-ssRNA) genome. mRNA, which is positive sense, is transcribed directly from the negative sense genome. The first process for -ssRNA transcription involves RdRp binding to a leader sequence on the 3′ end of the

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dsDNA viruses can be subdivided between those that replicate in the nucleus, and as such are relatively dependent on host cell machinery for transcription and replication, and those that replicate in the cytoplasm, in which case they have evolved or acquired their own means of executing transcription

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Krupovic M, Blomberg J, Coffin JM, Dasgupta I, Fan H, Geering AD, Gifford R, Harrach B, Hull R, Johnson W, Kreuze JF, Lindemann D, Llorens C, Lockhart B, Mayer J, Muller E, Olszewski NE, Pappu HR, Pooggin MM, Richert-Poggeler KR, Sabanadzovic S, Sanfacon H, Schoelz JE, Seal S, Stavolone L, Stoye JP,

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to create a complete dsDNA genome prior to transcription. dsDNA-RT viruses are transcribed in the same manner as dsDNA viruses, but make use of reverse transcription to replicate their circular genome while it is still in the capsid. The host cell's RNA polymerase II transcribes RNA strands from the

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Reverse transcribing (RT) viruses have genomes made of either DNA or RNA and replicate via reverse transcription. Two groups of reverse transcribing viruses exist: single-stranded RNA-RT (ssRNA-RT) viruses, and double-stranded DNA-RT (dsDNA-RT) viruses. Reverse transcribing viruses are classified in

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From the 1990s to the 2010s, virus taxonomy used a 5-rank system ranging from order to species with Baltimore classification used in conjunction. Outside of the ICTV's official framework, various supergroups of viruses joining different families and orders were created over time based on increasing

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The fourth Baltimore group contains viruses that have a positive sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) genome. For +ssRNA viruses, the genome functions as mRNA, so no transcription is required for translation. +ssRNA viruses will also, however, produce positive sense copies of the genome from negative

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dsRNA is not a molecule made by cells, so cellular life has evolved antiviral systems to detect and inactivate viral dsRNA. To counteract this, many dsRNA genomes are constructed inside of capsids, thereby avoiding detection inside of the host cell's cytoplasm. mRNA is forced out from the capsid in

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dsDNA viruses make use of several mechanisms to replicate their genome. Bidirectional replication, in which two replication forks are established at a replication origin site and move in opposite directions of each other, is widely used. A rolling circle mechanism that produces linear strands while

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Ribosomal skipping: also called stop-carry on, used by various dsRNA and +ssRNA viruses, a viral peptide, or amino acid sequence, may prevent a ribosome from covalently linking a new inserted amino acid, which blocks further translation. Consequently, the polyprotein is co-translationally cleaved,

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Many +ssRNA viruses are able to have only a portion of their genome transcribed. Typically, subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) strands are used for translation of structural and movement proteins needed during intermediate and late stages of infection. sgRNA transcription may occur by commencing RNA synthesis

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Different Baltimore groups tend to be found within different branches of cellular life. In prokaryotes, the large majority of viruses are dsDNA viruses, and a significant minority are ssDNA viruses. Prokaryotic RNA viruses, in contrast, are relatively rare. Most eukaryotic viruses, including most

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that bonds to and cleaves the positive strand, allowing a DNA polymerase to use the negative strand as a template for replication. Replication progresses in a loop around the genome by means of extending the 3′-end of the positive strand, displacing the prior positive strand, and the endonuclease

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RNA editing is used by various ssRNA viruses to produce different proteins from a single gene. This can be done via polymerase slippage during transcription or by post-transcriptional editing. In polymerase slippage, the RNA polymerase slips one nucleotide back during transcription, inserting a

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The sixth Baltimore group contains viruses that have a (positive-sense) single-stranded RNA genome that has a DNA intermediate ((+)ssRNA-RT) in its replication cycle. ssRNA-RT viruses are transcribed in the same manner as DNA viruses, but their linear genomes are first converted to a dsDNA form

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Because the process of replicating the viral genome produces intermediate dsRNA molecules, +ssRNA viruses can be targeted by the host cell's immune system. To avoid detection, +ssRNA viruses replicate in membrane-associated vesicles that are used as replication factories. From there, only viral

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A number of characteristics of viruses are not directly associated with Baltimore classification but nonetheless closely correspond to multiple, specific Baltimore groups. This includes alternative splicing during transcription, whether the viral genome is segmented, the host range of viruses,

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Viral initiation of translation: used primarily by +ssRNA and ssRNA-RT viruses, various viruses have evolved mechanisms to initiate translation, such as having internal ribosomal entry sites to allow for cap-independent translation, having downstream hairpin loops that allow for cap-dependent

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at each end of the genome that repeatedly unfold and refold during replication to change the direction of DNA synthesis to move back and forth along the genome, producing numerous copies of the genome in a continuous process. Individual genomes are then excised from this molecule by the viral

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upon entering a host cell. mRNA is then synthesized from the double-stranded form. The double-stranded form of ssDNA viruses may be produced either directly after entry into a cell or as a consequence of replication of the viral genome. Eukaryotic ssDNA viruses are replicated in the nucleus.

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RNA viruses have genomes made of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and comprise three groups: double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses, positive sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) viruses, and negative sense single-stranded RNA (-ssRNA) viruses. The majority of RNA viruses are classified in the kingdom

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The third Baltimore group contains viruses that have a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genome. After entering a host cell, the dsRNA genome is transcribed to mRNA from the negative strand by the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). The mRNA may be used for translation or replication.

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package both the positive and negative linear strands. In any case, the sense of ssDNA viruses, unlike for ssRNA viruses, is not sufficient to separate ssDNA viruses into two groups since all ssDNA viral genomes are converted to dsDNA forms prior to transcription and replication.

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of the viral genome, and viruses within each group typically share the manners by which the mRNA synthesis occurs. While not the direct focus of Baltimore classification, groups are organized in such a manner that viruses in each group also typically have the same mechanisms of

1248:. It initially contained the first six groups but was later expanded to include group VII. Because of the utility of Baltimore classification, it has come to be used alongside standard virus taxonomy, which is based on evolutionary relationships and governed by the 696:

sense strands of an intermediate dsRNA genome. This acts as both a transcription and a replication process since the replicated RNA is also mRNA. The 5′-end may be naked, capped, or covalently bound to a viral protein, and the 3′-end may be naked or polyadenylated.

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The second Baltimore group contains viruses that have a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genome. ssDNA viruses have the same manner of transcription as dsDNA viruses. Because the genome is single-stranded, however, it is first made into a double-stranded form by a

33:(mRNA) synthesis. By organizing viruses based on their manner of mRNA production, it is possible to study viruses that behave similarly as a distinct group. Seven Baltimore groups are described that take into consideration whether the viral genome is made of 1204:

Suppression of termination: also called stop-codon readthrough, used by various dsRNA, +ssRNA, and ssRNA-RT viruses, certain viruses contain codons in their mRNA that would normally signal for termination of translation upon being recognized by a

1179:: used by various dsDNA, +ssRNA, -ssRNA, ssRNA-RT, a dsDNA-RT viruses, ribosomes will start scanning from a 5′-cap structure then bypass a leader structure in the mRNA, initiation translation downstream from the leader sequence. 165:

DNA viruses have genomes made of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and are organized into two groups: double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses, and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses. They are assigned to four separate realms:

220:. Second, once the RNA polymerase is recruited, it uses the negative strand as a template for synthesizing mRNA strands. Third, the RNA polymerase terminates transcription upon reaching a specific signal, such as a 1173:: used by various viruses in all Baltimore groups, the 40S ribosomal subunit may scan through a start codon, thereby skipping an ORF, only initiating translation with the 60S subunit at a subsequent start codon. 496:

is the only ssDNA family whose members have negative sense genomes, which are circular. Parvoviruses, as previously mentioned, may package either the positive or negative sense strand into virions. Lastly,

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evidence of deeper evolutionary relations. Consequently, in 2016, the ICTV began to consider establishing ranks higher than order as well as how the Baltimore groups would be treated among higher taxa.

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The seventh Baltimore group contains viruses that have a double-stranded DNA genome that has an RNA intermediate (dsDNA-RT) in its replication cycle. dsDNA-RT viruses have a gap in one strand, which is

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Unlike RNA viruses and RT viruses, DNA viruses have not been united under a single realm but are instead dispersed across four realms and various taxa that are not assigned to a realm. The realms

1151:. Baltimore groups do not directly pertain to the translation of viral proteins, but various atypical types of translation used by viruses are usually found within specific Baltimore groups: 3551: 472:

into a circular loop. The new ssDNA may be packaged into virions or replicated by a DNA polymerase to form a double-stranded form for transcription or continuation of the replication cycle.

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during translation, which allows for continued translation up to the next stop codon in order to produce an extended end of the viral protein. In viruses, this is often used to express

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ssRNA-RT viruses are often called retroviruses, although this term is also used to refer to any reverse transcribing virus as well as specifically to viruses in the ssRNA-RT family

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nucleotide not included in the template strand. Editing of a genomic template would impair gene expression, so RNA editing is only done during and after transcription. For

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The first Baltimore group contains viruses that have a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome. All dsDNA viruses have their mRNA synthesized in a three-step process. First, a

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use it as a potential anti-host defense mechanism to prevent synthesis of specific antiviral proteins. Furthermore, in addition to alternative splicing, because cellular

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then transcribes RNA in the nucleus from the proviral DNA. Some of this RNA may become mRNA whereas other strands will become copies of the viral genome for replication.

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have not been observed to form virions and as such apparently lack capsids. Endornaviruses are also unusual in that unlike other RNA viruses, they possess a single, long

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Baltimore classification groups viruses together based on their manner of mRNA synthesis. Characteristics directly related to this include whether the genome is made of

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Termination-reinitiation: used by some dsRNA and +ssRNA viruses, ribosomes may translate an ORF, but following termination of translation of that ORF, a proportion of

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to species was established by the ICTV. As part of this, the Baltimore groups for RNA viruses and RT viruses were incorporated into formal taxa. In 2018, the realm

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membrane that surrounds the capsid, have no direct relation to Baltimore groups, nor do the groups necessarily show genetic relation based on evolutionary history.

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within the genome rather than from the 5′-end, by stopping RNA synthesis at specific sequences in the genome, or by, as a part of both prior methods, synthesizing

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enzyme synthesizes a DNA strand from the ssRNA strand, and the RNA strand is degraded and replaced with a DNA strand to create a dsDNA genome. The genome is then

1197:: used by various dsDNA, dsRNA, +ssRNA, and ssRNA-RT viruses, produces merged proteins from overlapping ORFs. This is executed simply by ribosomes slipping one 7386: 623:

order to be translated or to be translocated from a mature capsid to a progeny capsid. While dsRNA viruses typically have capsids, viruses in the families

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Single-stranded mRNA is replicated to form the dsRNA genome. The 5′-end of the genome may be naked, capped, or covalently bound to a viral protein.

1632:"Create a megataxonomic framework, filling all principal taxonomic ranks, for DNA viruses encoding vertical jelly roll-type major capsid proteins" 704:

from the viral RNA that are then attached to sgRNA strands. Because replication is required for sgRNA synthesis, RdRp is always translated first.

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varies as some viruses are monopartite ssDNA while others are bipartite with one segment being ssDNA and the other dsDNA. Viruses in the ssDNA

1597:"Create a megataxonomic framework, filling all principal/primary taxonomic ranks, for dsDNA viruses encoding HK97-type major capsid proteins" 60:

and replication. Certain subjects pertaining to viruses are associated with multiple, specific Baltimore groups, such as specific forms of

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endonuclease. For parvoviruses, either the positive or negative sense strand may be packaged into capsids, varying from virus to virus.

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the viral genome. Because of this, Baltimore classification provides insights into both the transcription and replication parts of the

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Most ssDNA viruses contain circular genomes that are replicated via rolling circle replication (RCR). ssDNA RCR is initiated by an

773:, continuing until a stop signal is reached. The second manner is similar but instead of synthesizing a cap, RdRp may make use of 769:

genome, transcribing a 5′ triphosphate-leader RNA that is capped, then stopping and restarting on a transcription signal which is

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proteins, and these viruses produce two separate mRNA strands: one directly from the genome and one from a complementary strand.

130:. Structural characteristics of a virus particle, called a virion, such as the shape of the viral capsid and the presence of a 2258: 701: 68:, which stores the viral genome, and the evolutionary history of viruses are not necessarily related to Baltimore groups. 7356: 236:

and replication. dsDNA viruses are also commonly divided between tailed dsDNA viruses, referring to members of the realm

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Viral genomes can exist in a single, or monopartite, segment, or they may be split into more than one molecule, called

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ssDNA viruses are classified into one of the four realms and include several families that are unassigned to a realm:

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of mRNA and the host range of different types of viruses. Structural characteristics such as the shape of the viral

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Various -ssRNA viruses use special mechanisms for transcription. The manner of producing the polyA tail may be via

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dsDNA viruses are classified into three of the four realms and include many taxa that are unassigned to a realm:

229: 46: 1279:. Furthermore, the three Baltimore groups for RNA viruses are used as defining characteristics of the phyla in 490:

Nearly all ssDNA viruses have positive sense genomes, but a few exceptions and peculiarities exist. The family

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Gorbalenya, Alexander E.; Krupovic, Mart; Siddell, Stuart; Varsani, Arvind; Kuhn, Jens H. (15 October 2018).

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Wolf YI, Kazlauskas D, Iranzo J, Lucia-Sanz A, Kuhn JH, Krupovic M, Dolja VV, Kooning EV (27 November 2018).

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and a new amino acid sequence is started, leading to the production of two individual proteins from one ORF.

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from a single pre-mRNA strand or for other specific purposes. For certain viruses, including the families

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binds to the DNA upstream of the site where transcription begins, allowing for the recruitment of a host

1140: 867: 863: 781: 84: 61: 34: 5848: 3375:"Riboviria: establishing a single taxon that comprises RNA viruses at the basal rank of virus taxonomy" 6322: 1271:

was expanded to also include both RT groups. Within the realm, RT viruses are included in the kingdom

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Koonin EV, Dolja VV, Krupovic M, Varsani A, Wolf YI, Yutin N, Zerbini M, Kuhn JH (18 October 2019).

1723: 1722:

Harrison RL, Herniou EA, Jehle JA, Theilmann DA, Burand JP, Krell PJ, van Oers MM (28 August 2020).

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Koonin EV, Dolja VV, Krupovic M, Varsani A, Wolf YI, Yutin N, Zerbini M, Kuhn JH (18 October 2019).

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Koonin EV, Dolja VV, Krupovic M, Varsani A, Wolf YI, Yutin N, Zerbini M, Kuhn JH (18 October 2019).

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Koonin EV, Dolja VV, Krupovic M, Varsani A, Wolf YI, Yutin N, Zerbini M, Kuhn JH (18 October 2019).

6913: 6767: 6546: 6294: 6287: 5107: 4305: 3923: 3909: 3867: 3780: 42: 7005: 6956: 6906: 6885: 6336: 3846: 3374: 639:(ORF), or translatable portion, and a site-specific nick in the 5′ region of the positive strand. 6725: 5798: 5791: 4864: 4499: 4485: 4077: 3499: 3445: 2297: 1176: 1083: 636: 1660: 1659:

Krupovic M, Kuhn JH, Wang F, Baquero DP, Egelman EH, Koonin EV, Prangishvili D (31 July 2020).

607: 141: 7021: 5980: 5855: 5834: 5727: 5383: 5041: 4683: 4246: 3839: 3766: 3489: 3462: 3435: 3408: 3355: 3299: 3014: 2792: 2733: 2651: 2599: 2531: 2410: 2289: 1973:"Create a megataxonomic framework, filling all principal taxonomic ranks, for realm Riboviria" 1851: 1129: 1125: 983: 975: 879: 590: 441: 402: 123: 53: 826:, whose members synthesize a cap structure on viral mRNA required for protein synthesis, and 7396: 6811: 6739: 6632: 6207: 6149: 6112: 5841: 5572: 5530: 5478: 5441: 5411: 5372: 5226: 5152: 5009: 4331: 4294: 4268: 4226: 4027: 4017: 3832: 3684: 3655: 3481: 3427: 3345: 3337: 3289: 3281: 3004: 2996: 2782: 2772: 2723: 2715: 2641: 2633: 2589: 2579: 2521: 2513: 2400: 2392: 2281: 1698:"Create a megataxonomic framework, filling all principal taxonomic ranks, for ssDNA viruses" 1260: 1015: 1009: 740: 671: 656: 232:

whereby a viral genome in a host cell's DNA is replicated to another part of a host genome.

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whether the genome is linear or circular, and different methods of translating viral mRNA.

7271: 7142: 6977: 6925: 6838: 6794: 6783: 6621: 6473: 6414: 6238: 5959: 5889: 5777: 5760: 5695: 5292: 5247: 4968: 4475: 4257: 4168: 4088: 3984: 3242: 3204: 3178: 3152: 3032: 2957: 2122: 1308: 1241: 1116: 1049: 1020: 966: 887: 839: 798: 763: 749: 537: 291: 221: 72: 3326:"The New Scope of Virus Taxonomy: Partitioning the Virosphere Into 15 Hierarchical Ranks" 2620:

Bamford DH, Pietilä MK, Roine E, Atanasova NS, Dienstbier A, Oksanen HM (December 2017).

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contain their own proteins for exporting their unspliced genomic RNA out of the nucleus.

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the genome, so Baltimore classification is useful for grouping viruses together for both

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are dsDNA viruses. Viruses in this realm belong to two groups: tailed bacteriophages in

7370: 7314: 7292: 7260: 7225: 7131: 7096: 7032: 6875: 6864: 6827: 6669: 6553: 6443: 6372: 6362: 6123: 5915: 5878: 5784: 5579: 5163: 5136: 4783: 4772: 4676: 4641: 4634: 4620: 4613: 4562: 4534: 4464: 4453: 4418: 4202: 4005: 3874: 3811: 3745: 3723: 3645: 3485: 3431: 3350: 3325: 3009: 2984: 2787: 2752: 2728: 2703: 2646: 2594: 2567: 2526: 2501: 2405: 2380: 1206: 1170: 950: 940: 770: 631: 586: 456: 396: 366: 360: 348: 342: 334: 300: 217: 131: 3294: 3269: 2381:"Ortervirales: New Virus Order Unifying Five Families of Reverse-Transcribing Viruses" 7380: 7282: 7177: 7163: 6991: 6984: 6963: 6804: 6753: 6746: 6610: 6506: 6484: 6457: 6433: 6393: 6350: 6315: 6308: 6280: 6266: 6259: 6160: 6096: 6067: 6046: 6025: 6014: 5994: 5926: 5748: 5717: 5706: 5684: 5551: 5418: 5404: 5394: 5361: 5285: 5237: 5180: 5173: 5020: 4920: 4794: 4708: 4690: 4669: 4655: 4555: 4492: 4442: 4364: 4342: 4315: 4278: 4180: 4147: 3995: 3973: 3773: 3756: 3734: 3712: 3634: 3623: 2257:

Kuhn JH, Wolf YI, Krupovic M, Zhang YZ, Maes P, Dolja VV, Koonin EV (February 2019).

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The following taxa that are unassigned to a realm exclusively contain dsDNA viruses:

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Visualization of the seven groups of virus according to the Baltimore Classification

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Yu C, Hernandez T, Zheng H, Yau SC, Huang HH, He RL, Yang J, Yau SS (22 May 2013).

1972: 1697: 1631: 1596: 1330: 1186:

remain attached to the mRNA as a way to reinitiate translation of a subsequent ORF.

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Group VII: double-stranded DNA viruses with an RNA intermediate in their life cycle

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was established and initially included the three RNA virus groups. A year later,

1091:, viruses contain both linear and circular genomes, varying from genus to genus. 110:

Group VI: single-stranded RNA viruses with a DNA intermediate in their life cycle

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Viruses: Molecular Biology, Host Interactions and Applications to Biotechnology

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Viruses: Molecular Biology, Host Interactions and Applications to Biotechnology

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International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Executive Committee (May 2020).

2285: 1665:) for classification of filamentous archaeal viruses with linear dsDNA genomes" 7042: 6998: 6892: 6653: 5462: 5452: 5204: 4804: 4131: 3881: 3341: 1198: 1101: 1032: 927: 475: 315: 7238: 7109: 6643: 6599: 5673: 5350: 5322: 4761: 3601: 3573: 1214: 871: 611: 577: 563: 483: 199: 168: 160: 3359: 3018: 3000: 2796: 2737: 2655: 2603: 2535: 2414: 2293: 3518: 3303: 2719: 2637: 2502:"Origins and Evolution of Viruses of Eukaryotes: The Ultimate Modularity" 2396: 1148: 875: 708:+ssRNA, which may be mRNA, enters the main cytoplasmic area of the cell. 323: 468:

cleaves the positive strand again to create a standalone genome that is

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initiation factor, and initiation at a CUG or other start codon with a

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exclusively contains dsDNA viruses, although some proposed members of

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primarily contains ssDNA viruses but also contains dsDNA viruses, and

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only contains -ssRNA viruses, so "-ssRNA virus" is synonymous with

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Baltimore classification also closely corresponds to the manner of

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Sicard A, Michalakis Y, Gutierrez S, Blanc S (3 November 2016).

1210: 1160: 1019:, alternative splicing acts as a way to regulate early and late 7222: 7093: 6583: 5657: 5334: 4734: 3585: 3533: 934:

dsDNA-RT viruses are, like ssRNA-RT, all included in the class

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Group VII: double-stranded DNA viruses with an RNA intermediate

830:, whose members instead obtain caps on mRNA via cap snatching. 642:

dsRNA viruses are classified into two phyla within the kingdom

1133: 987: 1259:

In two votes in 2018 and 2019, a 15-rank system ranging from

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cannot be transported out of the nucleus, hepadnaviruses and

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Group VI: single-stranded RNA viruses with a DNA intermediate

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Teycheney PY, Tristem M, Koonin EV, Kuhn JH (15 June 2018).

1732:) for four families of arthropod-specific large DNA viruses" 1240:

Baltimore classification was proposed in 1971 by virologist

1104:, RNA editing improves the ability to adapt to their hosts. 71:

Baltimore classification was created in 1971 by virologist

2549: 2547: 2545: 2240: 2238: 2236: 2234: 2201:"Ambisense transcription in negative stranded RNA viruses" 2041: 2039: 1814: 1812: 1810: 1358: 1356: 1120:

Life cycle of some viruses classified by Baltimore group:

1469: 1467: 1465: 1414: 1412: 1410: 1408: 1406: 1404: 1191:

Non-canonical elongation and termination of translation:

970:

Structure of some viruses classified by Baltimore group:

49:

of a single-stranded RNA genome is positive or negative.

874:

into the DNA of the host cell, where it is now called a

482:(RHR), which is similar to RCR. Parvovirus genomes have 244:, and tailless or non-tailed dsDNA viruses of the realm 3380:. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) 1978:. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) 1943: 1941: 1737:. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) 1670:. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) 1063:

likewise vary between being monopartite and bipartite.

2753:"Real Time Classification of Viruses in 12 Dimensions" 7354: 545:

is unassigned to a realm but is a proposed member of

478:

contain linear ssDNA genomes that are replicated via

1081:

viruses are typically circular. In the dsDNA family

680:

Group IV: positive sense single-stranded RNA viruses

104:

Group IV: positive sense single-stranded RNA viruses

7302: 7280: 7269: 7258: 7247: 7236: 7151: 7140: 7129: 7118: 7107: 7080: 7030: 7019: 6923: 6873: 6862: 6836: 6825: 6792: 6781: 6678: 6667: 6641: 6630: 6619: 6608: 6597: 6534: 6504: 6482: 6471: 6431: 6360: 6247: 6236: 6225: 6195: 6184: 6158: 6147: 6121: 6110: 6077: 6034: 6023: 6012: 5968: 5957: 5924: 5913: 5887: 5876: 5822: 5758: 5715: 5704: 5693: 5682: 5671: 5597: 5539: 5528: 5517: 5487: 5476: 5450: 5439: 5392: 5381: 5370: 5359: 5348: 5321: 5273: 5235: 5224: 5213: 5202: 5161: 5150: 5124: 5095: 5073: 5051: 5029: 5018: 5007: 4977: 4966: 4940: 4929: 4918: 4907: 4873: 4862: 4851: 4840: 4792: 4781: 4770: 4759: 4748: 4601: 4579: 4543: 4532: 4525: 4473: 4462: 4451: 4440: 4406: 4384: 4362: 4340: 4329: 4303: 4292: 4266: 4255: 4244: 4200: 4178: 4156: 4145: 4119: 4097: 4086: 4075: 4064: 4053: 4015: 3993: 3982: 3971: 3960: 3949: 3820: 3809: 3798: 3754: 3743: 3732: 3721: 3710: 3672: 3643: 3632: 3621: 3610: 3599: 3572: 2175:"Negative-stranded RNA virus polymerase stuttering" 938:. Two families of dsDNA-RT viruses are recognized: 758:

Group V: negative sense single-stranded RNA viruses

107:

Group V: negative sense single-stranded RNA viruses

16:

Virus classification system made by David Baltimore

907:, which belongs to Group VII, all members of the 314:are dsDNA viruses. Viruses in this realm include 240:, usually the tailed bacteriophages of the order 117:Baltimore classification is chiefly based on the 3229: 3139: 3098: 3057: 2704:"Origins and Evolution of the Global RNA Virome" 2484: 2324: 2030: 1932: 1846:Kerr J, Cotmore S, Bloom ME (25 November 2005). 1833: 1703:. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses 1637:. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses 1602:. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses 1456: 259:are dsDNA viruses. Viruses in this realm infect 2568:"The Strange Lifestyle of Multipartite Viruses" 2259:"Classify viruses - the gain is worth the pain" 885:ssRNA-RT viruses are all included in the class 2622:"ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Pleolipoviridae" 1250:International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses 3545: 1383:"Viral replication/transcription/translation" 8: 2500:Koonin EV, Dolja VV, Krupovic M (May 2015). 589:. Some of the latter category, such as the 2615: 2613: 2373: 2371: 2097:"Negative-stranded RNA virus transcription" 190:. Many have yet to be assigned to a realm. 7277: 7266: 7255: 7244: 7233: 7219: 7148: 7137: 7126: 7115: 7104: 7090: 7086: 7027: 6870: 6833: 6789: 6675: 6638: 6627: 6616: 6605: 6594: 6580: 6479: 6244: 6233: 6192: 6155: 6118: 6031: 6020: 5965: 5921: 5884: 5712: 5701: 5690: 5679: 5668: 5654: 5536: 5525: 5484: 5447: 5389: 5378: 5367: 5356: 5345: 5331: 5327: 5232: 5221: 5210: 5158: 5026: 5015: 4974: 4937: 4926: 4915: 4870: 4859: 4848: 4789: 4778: 4767: 4756: 4745: 4731: 4540: 4529: 4470: 4459: 4448: 4337: 4300: 4263: 4252: 4153: 4094: 4083: 4072: 4061: 3990: 3979: 3968: 3957: 3817: 3806: 3751: 3740: 3729: 3718: 3640: 3629: 3618: 3607: 3596: 3582: 3578: 3552: 3538: 3530: 2985:"Non-canonical translation in RNA viruses" 1783: 1781: 3459:Molecular and Cellular Biology of Viruses 3349: 3293: 3008: 2786: 2776: 2727: 2645: 2593: 2583: 2525: 2495: 2493: 2404: 2149:"Negative stranded RNA virus replication" 2001:"Positive stranded RNA virus replication" 1995: 1993: 1895: 1893: 1754: 1752: 1590: 1588: 1586: 1209:but are instead partially recognized by 954:, which is the sole family in the order 738:are +ssRNA viruses, excluding the class 41:(RNA), whether the genome is single- or 7361: 3319: 3317: 3315: 3313: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1960: 1958: 1956: 1901:"Double-stranded RNA virus replication" 1691: 1689: 1687: 1685: 1654: 1652: 1625: 1623: 1621: 1619: 1617: 1362: 1352: 1321: 1201:forward or backward during translation. 2553: 2244: 2045: 1947: 1818: 1473: 1155:Non-canonical translation initiation: 1023:during different stages of infection. 603:Group III: double-stranded RNA viruses 101:Group III: double-stranded RNA viruses 2429:"dsDNA(RT) replication/transcription" 2338:"ssRNA(RT) replication/transcription" 1539:"DNA strand displacement replication" 432:Group II: single-stranded DNA viruses 98:Group II: single-stranded DNA viruses 7: 3270:"Expression of animal virus genomes" 2362: 2225: 2083: 1418: 1377: 1375: 1373: 1371: 1294:exclusively contains dsDNA viruses, 194:Group I: double-stranded DNA viruses 95:Group I: double-stranded DNA viruses 7387:Viruses by Baltimore classification 3476:Rampersad, S.; Tennant, P. (2018). 3249:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 3211:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 3185:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 3159:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 3118:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 3077:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 3039:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2964:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2938:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2912:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2893:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2874:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2855:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2836:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2817:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2683:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2461:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2435:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2344:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2207:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2181:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2155:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2129:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2103:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2065:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 2007:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 1907:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 1878:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 1795:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 1766:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 1571:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 1545:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 1519:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 1493:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 1438:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 1389:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics 784:, during which RdRp transcribes an 744:, whose members have dsRNA genomes. 214:transcription preinitiation complex 3486:10.1016/B978-0-12-811257-1.00003-6 3432:10.1016/B978-0-12-811257-1.00002-4 2983:Firth AE, Brierley I (July 2012). 1513:"dsDNA rolling circle replication" 1246:Expression of Animal Virus Genomes 14: 3033:"Viral initiation of translation" 1487:"dsDNA bidirectional replication" 1159:translation in the absence of an 7364: 3517: 3405:Principles of Molecular Virology 3205:"RNA suppression of termination" 513:, all members except viruses in 1850:. CRC Press. pp. 171–185. 1432:"dsDNA templated transcription" 1275:and RNA viruses in the kingdom 581:. The exceptions are generally 3407:. Elsevier. pp. 122–127. 3286:10.1128/MMBR.35.3.235-241.1971 3153:"RNA termination-reinitiation" 2906:"Reverse-transcribing viruses" 2059:"Subgenomic RNA transcription" 1108:expressed from a single gene. 822:is divided into two subphyla: 593:, are classified in the realm 295:are dsDNA viruses. Viruses in 1: 2887:"Negative strand RNA viruses" 2868:"Positive strand RNA viruses" 1789:"Rolling hairpin replication" 1147:are synthesized from mRNA by 944:, which belongs to the order 3480:. Elsevier. pp. 55–82. 3426:. Elsevier. pp. 35–46. 3230:Rampersad & Tennant 2018 3140:Rampersad & Tennant 2018 3099:Rampersad & Tennant 2018 3058:Rampersad & Tennant 2018 2778:10.1371/journal.pone.0064328 2585:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005819 2485:Rampersad & Tennant 2018 2325:Rampersad & Tennant 2018 2031:Rampersad & Tennant 2018 1933:Rampersad & Tennant 2018 1834:Rampersad & Tennant 2018 1457:Rampersad & Tennant 2018 1184:40S subunits of the ribosome 834:Reverse transcribing viruses 2849:"Double strand RNA viruses" 2830:"Single strand DNA viruses" 2811:"Double strand DNA viruses" 2518:10.1016/j.virol.2015.02.039 1565:"Replicative transposition" 962:Multi-group characteristics 669:, all members of the class 480:rolling hairpin replication 7413: 2286:10.1038/d41586-019-00599-8 1728:)including one new order ( 1076:Linear vs circular genomes 837: 761: 557: 447: 197: 158: 7392:Systems of virus taxonomy 7232: 7218: 7103: 7089: 6593: 6579: 5667: 5653: 5344: 5330: 4744: 4730: 3595: 3581: 3342:10.1038/s41564-020-0709-x 3179:"Ribosomal frameshifting" 862:through a process called 532:are ssDNA virus families. 230:replicative transposition 29:based on their manner of 3524:Baltimore classification 1143:is the process by which 520:The unassigned families 20:Baltimore classification 1724:"Create one new class ( 1661:"Create one new realm ( 1195:Ribosomal frameshifting 541:contain ssDNA genomes. 299:constitute two groups: 289:, members of the class 3001:10.1099/vir.0.042499-0 2455:"Alternative splicing" 1760:"ssDNA Rolling circle" 1237: 1137: 991: 917:are ssRNA-RT viruses. 692: 615: 535:Viruses in the family 445: 146: 2720:10.1128/mBio.02329-18 2391:(12): e00515–e00518. 1312:, are ssDNA viruses. 1235: 1119: 969: 868:reverse transcriptase 864:reverse transcription 782:polymerase stuttering 687: 610: 439: 276:and herpesviruses in 144: 85:deoxyribonucleic acid 35:deoxyribonucleic acid 3565:virus classification 3526:at Wikimedia Commons 3457:Lostroh, P. (2019). 3397:General bibliography 3268:Baltimore D (1971). 3243:"Ribosomal skipping" 2932:"Sphaerolipoviridae" 2638:10.1099/jgv.0.000972 2397:10.1128/JVI.00515-18 1306:, namely the family 1087:, and in the family 1004:Alternative splicing 999:Alternative splicing 22:is a system used to 6547:Permutotetraviridae 4306:Orthopolintovirales 3781:Malacoherpesviridae 3461:. Garland Science. 3422:Fermin, G. (2018). 2995:(Pt 7): 1385–1409. 2769:2013PLoSO...864328Y 2278:2019Natur.566..318K 2228:, pp. 154–156. 2086:, pp. 151–154. 1421:, pp. 122–127. 1039:Genome segmentation 753:are +ssRNA viruses. 729:are +ssRNA viruses. 691:are +ssRNA viruses. 4865:Malgrandaviricetes 4500:Sphaerolipoviridae 4486:Matshushitaviridae 4078:Nucleocytoviricota 1244:in a paper titled 1238: 1177:Ribosomal shunting 1138: 1084:Sphaerolipoviridae 992: 878:. The host cell's 693: 675:are dsRNA viruses. 660:are dsRNA viruses. 637:open reading frame 616: 614:are dsRNA viruses. 517:are ssDNA viruses. 446: 444:is an ssDNA virus. 147: 45:, and whether the 7352: 7351: 7348: 7347: 7344: 7343: 7340: 7339: 7336: 7335: 7332: 7331: 7328: 7327: 7324: 7323: 7214: 7213: 7210: 7209: 7206: 7205: 7202: 7201: 7198: 7197: 7194: 7193: 7076: 7075: 7072: 7071: 7068: 7067: 7064: 7063: 7060: 7059: 7056: 7055: 7052: 7051: 7022:Yunchangviricetes 7015: 7014: 6858: 6857: 6821: 6820: 6777: 6776: 6663: 6662: 6575: 6574: 6571: 6570: 6567: 6566: 6563: 6562: 6530: 6529: 6526: 6525: 6467: 6466: 6221: 6220: 6217: 6216: 6180: 6179: 6143: 6142: 6106: 6105: 6008: 6007: 6004: 6003: 5981:Carmotetraviridae 5953: 5952: 5909: 5908: 5872: 5871: 5856:Gammaflexiviridae 5849:Deltaflexiviridae 5835:Alphaflexiviridae 5728:Alphatetraviridae 5649: 5648: 5645: 5644: 5641: 5640: 5637: 5636: 5593: 5592: 5589: 5588: 5513: 5512: 5509: 5508: 5472: 5471: 5435: 5434: 5384:Chrymotiviricetes 5317: 5316: 5313: 5312: 5309: 5308: 5269: 5268: 5265: 5264: 5261: 5260: 5257: 5256: 5198: 5197: 5194: 5193: 5190: 5189: 5146: 5145: 5042:Bacilladnaviridae 5003: 5002: 4999: 4998: 4962: 4961: 4903: 4902: 4899: 4898: 4895: 4894: 4836: 4835: 4832: 4831: 4828: 4827: 4726: 4725: 4722: 4721: 4718: 4717: 4684:Portogloboviridae 4597: 4596: 4521: 4520: 4517: 4516: 4513: 4512: 4509: 4508: 4436: 4435: 4432: 4431: 4428: 4427: 4325: 4324: 4288: 4287: 4247:Preplasmiviricota 4240: 4239: 4236: 4235: 4141: 4140: 4049: 4048: 4045: 4044: 4041: 4040: 4037: 4036: 3945: 3944: 3941: 3940: 3937: 3936: 3933: 3932: 3840:Autographiviridae 3794: 3793: 3790: 3789: 3767:Alloherpesviridae 3706: 3705: 3702: 3701: 3698: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3522:Media related to 3403:Cann, A. (2015). 3232:, pp. 72–73. 3142:, pp. 74–75. 3112:"Ribosomal shunt" 3101:, pp. 73–74. 3060:, pp. 69–70. 2632:(12): 2916–2917. 2556:, pp. 35–46. 2487:, pp. 71–72. 2327:, pp. 63–64. 2272:(7744): 318–320. 2247:, pp. 45–46. 2048:, pp. 43–44. 2033:, pp. 64–65. 1836:, pp. 61–62. 1821:, pp. 40–41. 1476:, pp. 36–40. 1365:, pp. 11–13. 1316:Explanatory notes 880:RNA polymerase II 828:Polyploviricotina 591:hepatitis D virus 442:canine parvovirus 403:Portogloboviridae 7404: 7369: 7368: 7360: 7278: 7267: 7256: 7245: 7234: 7226:dsDNA-RT viruses 7220: 7149: 7138: 7127: 7116: 7105: 7097:ssRNA-RT viruses 7091: 7087: 7028: 6871: 6839:Serpentovirales 6834: 6812:Orthomyxoviridae 6790: 6740:Peribunyaviridae 6676: 6639: 6633:Chunqiuviricetes 6628: 6617: 6606: 6595: 6587:(–)ssRNA viruses 6581: 6480: 6323:Nanghoshaviridae 6245: 6234: 6208:Botourmiaviridae 6193: 6156: 6150:Howeltoviricetes 6119: 6113:Amabiliviricetes 6032: 6021: 5966: 5922: 5885: 5842:Betaflexiviridae 5713: 5702: 5691: 5680: 5669: 5661:(+)ssRNA viruses 5655: 5573:Picobirnaviridae 5537: 5531:Duplopiviricetes 5526: 5485: 5479:Vidaverviricetes 5448: 5442:Resentoviricetes 5412:Megabirnaviridae 5390: 5379: 5373:Duplornaviricota 5368: 5357: 5346: 5332: 5328: 5233: 5227:Huolimaviricetes 5222: 5211: 5159: 5153:Repensiviricetes 5027: 5016: 5010:Cressdnaviricota 4975: 4938: 4927: 4916: 4871: 4860: 4849: 4790: 4779: 4768: 4757: 4746: 4732: 4541: 4530: 4471: 4460: 4449: 4338: 4332:Tectiliviricetes 4301: 4295:Polintoviricetes 4269:Priklausovirales 4264: 4253: 4227:Marseilleviridae 4154: 4095: 4084: 4073: 4062: 4028:Papillomaviridae 4018:Zurhausenvirales 3991: 3980: 3969: 3958: 3833:Ackermannviridae 3818: 3807: 3752: 3741: 3730: 3719: 3685:Tristromaviridae 3656:Lipothrixviridae 3641: 3630: 3619: 3608: 3597: 3583: 3579: 3554: 3547: 3540: 3531: 3521: 3507: 3472: 3453: 3418: 3390: 3389: 3387: 3385: 3379: 3370: 3364: 3363: 3353: 3321: 3308: 3307: 3297: 3265: 3259: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3239: 3233: 3227: 3221: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3201: 3195: 3194: 3192: 3190: 3175: 3169: 3168: 3166: 3164: 3149: 3143: 3137: 3128: 3127: 3125: 3123: 3108: 3102: 3096: 3087: 3086: 3084: 3082: 3071:"Leaky scanning" 3067: 3061: 3055: 3049: 3048: 3046: 3044: 3029: 3023: 3022: 3012: 2980: 2974: 2973: 2971: 2969: 2954: 2948: 2947: 2945: 2943: 2928: 2922: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2902: 2900: 2898: 2883: 2881: 2879: 2864: 2862: 2860: 2845: 2843: 2841: 2826: 2824: 2822: 2807: 2801: 2800: 2790: 2780: 2748: 2742: 2741: 2731: 2714:(6): e02329-18. 2699: 2693: 2692: 2690: 2688: 2673: 2667: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2649: 2617: 2608: 2607: 2597: 2587: 2578:(11): e1005819. 2563: 2557: 2551: 2540: 2539: 2529: 2497: 2488: 2482: 2471: 2470: 2468: 2466: 2451: 2445: 2444: 2442: 2440: 2425: 2419: 2418: 2408: 2375: 2366: 2360: 2354: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2334: 2328: 2322: 2313: 2312: 2310: 2308: 2263: 2254: 2248: 2242: 2229: 2223: 2217: 2216: 2214: 2212: 2197: 2191: 2190: 2188: 2186: 2171: 2165: 2164: 2162: 2160: 2145: 2139: 2138: 2136: 2134: 2119: 2113: 2112: 2110: 2108: 2093: 2087: 2081: 2075: 2074: 2072: 2070: 2055: 2049: 2043: 2034: 2028: 2017: 2016: 2014: 2012: 1997: 1988: 1987: 1985: 1983: 1977: 1968: 1951: 1945: 1936: 1930: 1917: 1916: 1914: 1912: 1897: 1888: 1887: 1885: 1883: 1868: 1862: 1861: 1843: 1837: 1831: 1822: 1816: 1805: 1804: 1802: 1800: 1785: 1776: 1775: 1773: 1771: 1756: 1747: 1746: 1744: 1742: 1736: 1719: 1713: 1712: 1710: 1708: 1702: 1693: 1680: 1679: 1677: 1675: 1669: 1656: 1647: 1646: 1644: 1642: 1636: 1627: 1612: 1611: 1609: 1607: 1601: 1592: 1581: 1580: 1578: 1576: 1561: 1555: 1554: 1552: 1550: 1535: 1529: 1528: 1526: 1524: 1509: 1503: 1502: 1500: 1498: 1483: 1477: 1471: 1460: 1454: 1448: 1447: 1445: 1443: 1428: 1422: 1416: 1399: 1398: 1396: 1394: 1379: 1366: 1360: 1335: 1326: 1016:Papillomaviridae 1010:Orthomyxoviridae 741:Duplopiviricetes 702:leader sequences 672:Duplopiviricetes 657:Duplornaviricota 301:papillomaviruses 128:viral life cycle 89:ribonucleic acid 39:ribonucleic acid 7412: 7411: 7407: 7406: 7405: 7403: 7402: 7401: 7377: 7376: 7375: 7363: 7355: 7353: 7320: 7298: 7272:Revtraviricetes 7228: 7190: 7143:Revtraviricetes 7099: 7048: 7011: 6978:Paramyxoviridae 6926:Mononegavirales 6919: 6900:Crepuscuviridae 6854: 6817: 6795:Articulavirales 6784:Insthoviricetes 6773: 6659: 6622:Negarnaviricota 6589: 6559: 6522: 6500: 6474:Stelpaviricetes 6463: 6427: 6422:Polycipiviridae 6415:Dicistroviridae 6356: 6239:Pisoniviricetes 6213: 6176: 6139: 6102: 6073: 6000: 5960:Tolucaviricetes 5949: 5905: 5890:Amarillovirales 5868: 5818: 5778:Closteroviridae 5761:Martellivirales 5754: 5696:Kitrinoviricota 5663: 5633: 5617:Polymycoviridae 5585: 5505: 5468: 5431: 5340: 5305: 5293:Finnlakeviridae 5253: 5248:Pleolipoviridae 5186: 5142: 5120: 5091: 5069: 5047: 4995: 4969:Quintoviricetes 4958: 4891: 4824: 4740: 4714: 4593: 4575: 4505: 4476:Halopanivirales 4424: 4402: 4380: 4358: 4321: 4284: 4258:Maveriviricetes 4232: 4196: 4174: 4169:Phycodnaviridae 4137: 4115: 4089:Pokkesviricetes 4033: 4011: 3985:Papovaviricetes 3929: 3896:Rountreeviridae 3786: 3690: 3668: 3591: 3568: 3558: 3514: 3496: 3475: 3469: 3456: 3442: 3421: 3415: 3402: 3399: 3394: 3393: 3383: 3381: 3377: 3372: 3371: 3367: 3323: 3322: 3311: 3267: 3266: 3262: 3252: 3250: 3241: 3240: 3236: 3228: 3224: 3214: 3212: 3203: 3202: 3198: 3188: 3186: 3177: 3176: 3172: 3162: 3160: 3151: 3150: 3146: 3138: 3131: 3121: 3119: 3110: 3109: 3105: 3097: 3090: 3080: 3078: 3069: 3068: 3064: 3056: 3052: 3042: 3040: 3031: 3030: 3026: 2982: 2981: 2977: 2967: 2965: 2956: 2955: 2951: 2941: 2939: 2930: 2929: 2925: 2915: 2913: 2904: 2903: 2896: 2894: 2885: 2884: 2877: 2875: 2866: 2865: 2858: 2856: 2847: 2846: 2839: 2837: 2828: 2827: 2820: 2818: 2809: 2808: 2804: 2750: 2749: 2745: 2701: 2700: 2696: 2686: 2684: 2677:"Geminiviridae" 2675: 2674: 2670: 2660: 2658: 2619: 2618: 2611: 2565: 2564: 2560: 2552: 2543: 2499: 2498: 2491: 2483: 2474: 2464: 2462: 2453: 2452: 2448: 2438: 2436: 2427: 2426: 2422: 2377: 2376: 2369: 2361: 2357: 2347: 2345: 2336: 2335: 2331: 2323: 2316: 2306: 2304: 2261: 2256: 2255: 2251: 2243: 2232: 2224: 2220: 2210: 2208: 2199: 2198: 2194: 2184: 2182: 2173: 2172: 2168: 2158: 2156: 2147: 2146: 2142: 2132: 2130: 2123:"Cap snatching" 2121: 2120: 2116: 2106: 2104: 2095: 2094: 2090: 2082: 2078: 2068: 2066: 2057: 2056: 2052: 2044: 2037: 2029: 2020: 2010: 2008: 1999: 1998: 1991: 1981: 1979: 1975: 1970: 1969: 1954: 1946: 1939: 1931: 1920: 1910: 1908: 1899: 1898: 1891: 1881: 1879: 1870: 1869: 1865: 1858: 1845: 1844: 1840: 1832: 1825: 1817: 1808: 1798: 1796: 1787: 1786: 1779: 1769: 1767: 1758: 1757: 1750: 1740: 1738: 1734: 1721: 1720: 1716: 1706: 1704: 1700: 1695: 1694: 1683: 1673: 1671: 1667: 1658: 1657: 1650: 1640: 1638: 1634: 1629: 1628: 1615: 1605: 1603: 1599: 1594: 1593: 1584: 1574: 1572: 1563: 1562: 1558: 1548: 1546: 1537: 1536: 1532: 1522: 1520: 1511: 1510: 1506: 1496: 1494: 1485: 1484: 1480: 1472: 1463: 1455: 1451: 1441: 1439: 1430: 1429: 1425: 1417: 1402: 1392: 1390: 1381: 1380: 1369: 1361: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1338: 1327: 1323: 1318: 1309:Finnlakeviridae 1242:David Baltimore 1236:David Baltimore 1230: 1132:(group V), and 1114: 1097: 1089:Pleolipoviridae 1078: 1069: 1050:Pleolipoviridae 1041: 1021:gene expression 1001: 986:(group V), and 964: 936:Revtraviricetes 923: 909:Revtraviricetes 888:Revtraviricetes 859: 842: 840:Revtraviricetes 836: 824:Haploviricotina 820:Negarnaviricota 816:Negarnaviricota 812:Negarnaviricota 802:in the kingdom 799:Negarnaviricota 766: 764:Negarnaviricota 760: 750:Kitrinoviricota 747:All viruses in 732:All viruses in 723:All viruses in 682: 654:All viruses in 605: 587:subviral agents 566: 558:Main articles: 556: 543:Finnlakeviridae 538:Finnlakeviridae 515:Papovaviricetes 452: 434: 310:All viruses in 297:Papovaviricetes 292:Papovaviricetes 266:All viruses in 255:All viruses in 222:polyadenylation 210: 196: 163: 157: 152: 81: 73:David Baltimore 43:double-stranded 17: 12: 11: 5: 7410: 7408: 7400: 7399: 7394: 7389: 7379: 7378: 7374: 7373: 7350: 7349: 7346: 7345: 7342: 7341: 7338: 7337: 7334: 7333: 7330: 7329: 7326: 7325: 7322: 7321: 7319: 7318: 7315:Caulimoviridae 7310: 7308: 7300: 7299: 7297: 7296: 7293:Hepadnaviridae 7288: 7286: 7275: 7264: 7261:Artverviricota 7253: 7242: 7230: 7229: 7223: 7216: 7215: 7212: 7211: 7208: 7207: 7204: 7203: 7200: 7199: 7196: 7195: 7192: 7191: 7189: 7188: 7181: 7174: 7167: 7159: 7157: 7146: 7135: 7132:Artverviricota 7124: 7113: 7101: 7100: 7094: 7084: 7078: 7077: 7074: 7073: 7070: 7069: 7066: 7065: 7062: 7061: 7058: 7057: 7054: 7053: 7050: 7049: 7047: 7046: 7038: 7036: 7033:Goujianvirales 7025: 7017: 7016: 7013: 7012: 7010: 7009: 7002: 6995: 6988: 6981: 6974: 6967: 6960: 6953: 6946: 6939: 6931: 6929: 6921: 6920: 6918: 6917: 6910: 6903: 6896: 6889: 6881: 6879: 6876:Jingchuvirales 6868: 6865:Monjiviricetes 6860: 6859: 6856: 6855: 6853: 6852: 6844: 6842: 6831: 6828:Milneviricetes 6823: 6822: 6819: 6818: 6816: 6815: 6808: 6800: 6798: 6787: 6779: 6778: 6775: 6774: 6772: 6771: 6764: 6757: 6750: 6743: 6736: 6729: 6722: 6719:Leishbuviridae 6715: 6708: 6701: 6694: 6686: 6684: 6673: 6670:Ellioviricetes 6665: 6664: 6661: 6660: 6658: 6657: 6649: 6647: 6636: 6625: 6614: 6603: 6591: 6590: 6584: 6577: 6576: 6573: 6572: 6569: 6568: 6565: 6564: 6561: 6560: 6558: 6557: 6554:Sarthroviridae 6550: 6538: 6536: 6532: 6531: 6528: 6527: 6524: 6523: 6521: 6520: 6512: 6510: 6502: 6501: 6499: 6498: 6490: 6488: 6477: 6469: 6468: 6465: 6464: 6462: 6461: 6454: 6447: 6444:Alvernaviridae 6439: 6437: 6429: 6428: 6426: 6425: 6418: 6411: 6404: 6397: 6390: 6387:Solinviviridae 6383: 6376: 6373:Picornaviridae 6368: 6366: 6363:Picornavirales 6358: 6357: 6355: 6354: 6347: 6340: 6333: 6330:Nanhypoviridae 6326: 6319: 6312: 6305: 6302:Medioniviridae 6298: 6291: 6284: 6277: 6274:Cremegaviridae 6270: 6263: 6255: 6253: 6242: 6231: 6223: 6222: 6219: 6218: 6215: 6214: 6212: 6211: 6203: 6201: 6190: 6182: 6181: 6178: 6177: 6175: 6174: 6166: 6164: 6153: 6145: 6144: 6141: 6140: 6138: 6137: 6129: 6127: 6124:Wolframvirales 6116: 6108: 6107: 6104: 6103: 6101: 6100: 6093: 6085: 6083: 6075: 6074: 6072: 6071: 6064: 6057: 6050: 6042: 6040: 6029: 6018: 6010: 6009: 6006: 6005: 6002: 6001: 5999: 5998: 5991: 5984: 5976: 5974: 5963: 5955: 5954: 5951: 5950: 5948: 5947: 5944:Sinhaliviridae 5940: 5932: 5930: 5919: 5916:Magsaviricetes 5911: 5910: 5907: 5906: 5904: 5903: 5895: 5893: 5882: 5879:Flasuviricetes 5874: 5873: 5870: 5869: 5867: 5866: 5859: 5852: 5845: 5838: 5830: 5828: 5820: 5819: 5817: 5816: 5809: 5802: 5795: 5788: 5785:Endornaviridae 5781: 5774: 5766: 5764: 5756: 5755: 5753: 5752: 5745: 5738: 5731: 5723: 5721: 5710: 5699: 5688: 5677: 5665: 5664: 5658: 5651: 5650: 5647: 5646: 5643: 5642: 5639: 5638: 5635: 5634: 5632: 5631: 5628:Botybirnavirus 5620: 5613: 5601: 5599: 5595: 5594: 5591: 5590: 5587: 5586: 5584: 5583: 5580:Partitiviridae 5576: 5569: 5562: 5559:Curvulaviridae 5555: 5547: 5545: 5534: 5523: 5515: 5514: 5511: 5510: 5507: 5506: 5504: 5503: 5495: 5493: 5482: 5474: 5473: 5470: 5469: 5467: 5466: 5458: 5456: 5445: 5437: 5436: 5433: 5432: 5430: 5429: 5422: 5415: 5408: 5400: 5398: 5387: 5376: 5365: 5354: 5342: 5341: 5335: 5325: 5319: 5318: 5315: 5314: 5311: 5310: 5307: 5306: 5304: 5303: 5296: 5289: 5277: 5275: 5271: 5270: 5267: 5266: 5263: 5262: 5259: 5258: 5255: 5254: 5252: 5251: 5243: 5241: 5230: 5219: 5208: 5200: 5199: 5196: 5195: 5192: 5191: 5188: 5187: 5185: 5184: 5177: 5169: 5167: 5164:Geplafuvirales 5156: 5148: 5147: 5144: 5143: 5141: 5140: 5137:Redondoviridae 5132: 5130: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5118: 5111: 5103: 5101: 5093: 5092: 5090: 5089: 5081: 5079: 5071: 5070: 5068: 5067: 5059: 5057: 5049: 5048: 5046: 5045: 5037: 5035: 5024: 5013: 5005: 5004: 5001: 5000: 4997: 4996: 4994: 4993: 4985: 4983: 4972: 4964: 4963: 4960: 4959: 4957: 4956: 4948: 4946: 4935: 4924: 4913: 4905: 4904: 4901: 4900: 4897: 4896: 4893: 4892: 4890: 4889: 4881: 4879: 4868: 4857: 4846: 4838: 4837: 4834: 4833: 4830: 4829: 4826: 4825: 4823: 4822: 4819:Plectroviridae 4815: 4812:Paulinoviridae 4808: 4800: 4798: 4787: 4784:Faserviricetes 4776: 4773:Hofneiviricota 4765: 4754: 4742: 4741: 4735: 4728: 4727: 4724: 4723: 4720: 4719: 4716: 4715: 4713: 4712: 4705: 4694: 4687: 4680: 4677:Polydnaviridae 4673: 4666: 4659: 4652: 4645: 4642:Globuloviridae 4638: 4635:Fuselloviridae 4631: 4624: 4621:Bicaudaviridae 4617: 4614:Ampullaviridae 4605: 4603: 4599: 4598: 4595: 4594: 4592: 4591: 4583: 4581: 4577: 4576: 4574: 4573: 4566: 4563:Hytrosaviridae 4559: 4551: 4549: 4538: 4535:Naldaviricetes 4527: 4523: 4522: 4519: 4518: 4515: 4514: 4511: 4510: 4507: 4506: 4504: 4503: 4496: 4489: 4481: 4479: 4468: 4465:Laserviricetes 4457: 4454:Dividoviricota 4446: 4438: 4437: 4434: 4433: 4430: 4429: 4426: 4425: 4423: 4422: 4419:Corticoviridae 4414: 4412: 4404: 4403: 4401: 4400: 4392: 4390: 4382: 4381: 4379: 4378: 4370: 4368: 4360: 4359: 4357: 4356: 4348: 4346: 4335: 4327: 4326: 4323: 4322: 4320: 4319: 4311: 4309: 4298: 4290: 4289: 4286: 4285: 4283: 4282: 4274: 4272: 4261: 4250: 4242: 4241: 4238: 4237: 4234: 4233: 4231: 4230: 4223: 4216: 4208: 4206: 4203:Pimascovirales 4198: 4197: 4195: 4194: 4186: 4184: 4176: 4175: 4173: 4172: 4164: 4162: 4151: 4143: 4142: 4139: 4138: 4136: 4135: 4127: 4125: 4117: 4116: 4114: 4113: 4105: 4103: 4092: 4081: 4070: 4059: 4051: 4050: 4047: 4046: 4043: 4042: 4039: 4038: 4035: 4034: 4032: 4031: 4023: 4021: 4013: 4012: 4010: 4009: 4006:Polyomaviridae 4001: 3999: 3988: 3977: 3966: 3955: 3947: 3946: 3943: 3942: 3939: 3938: 3935: 3934: 3931: 3930: 3928: 3927: 3920: 3913: 3906: 3903:Salasmaviridae 3899: 3892: 3885: 3878: 3875:Herelleviridae 3871: 3864: 3861:Drexlerviridae 3857: 3854:Demerecviridae 3850: 3843: 3836: 3828: 3826: 3815: 3812:Caudoviricetes 3804: 3796: 3795: 3792: 3791: 3788: 3787: 3785: 3784: 3777: 3770: 3762: 3760: 3749: 3746:Herviviricetes 3738: 3727: 3724:Heunggongvirae 3716: 3708: 3707: 3704: 3703: 3700: 3699: 3696: 3695: 3692: 3691: 3689: 3688: 3680: 3678: 3670: 3669: 3667: 3666: 3659: 3651: 3649: 3646:Ligamenvirales 3638: 3627: 3616: 3605: 3593: 3592: 3586: 3576: 3570: 3569: 3559: 3557: 3556: 3549: 3542: 3534: 3528: 3527: 3513: 3512:External links 3510: 3509: 3508: 3495:978-0128112571 3494: 3473: 3468:978-0429664304 3467: 3454: 3441:978-0128112571 3440: 3419: 3414:978-0128019559 3413: 3398: 3395: 3392: 3391: 3365: 3336:(5): 668–674. 3309: 3280:(3): 235–241. 3260: 3234: 3222: 3196: 3170: 3144: 3129: 3103: 3088: 3062: 3050: 3024: 2975: 2949: 2923: 2802: 2743: 2694: 2668: 2609: 2558: 2541: 2489: 2472: 2446: 2420: 2367: 2365:, p. 156. 2355: 2329: 2314: 2249: 2230: 2218: 2192: 2166: 2140: 2114: 2088: 2076: 2050: 2035: 2018: 1989: 1952: 1937: 1918: 1889: 1872:"Bidnaviridae" 1863: 1856: 1838: 1823: 1806: 1777: 1748: 1726:Naldaviricetes 1714: 1681: 1648: 1613: 1582: 1556: 1530: 1504: 1478: 1461: 1449: 1423: 1400: 1367: 1351: 1350: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1336: 1320: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1229: 1226: 1225: 1224: 1223: 1222: 1218: 1207:release factor 1202: 1189: 1188: 1187: 1180: 1174: 1171:Leaky scanning 1168: 1113: 1110: 1096: 1093: 1077: 1074: 1068: 1065: 1040: 1037: 1000: 997: 963: 960: 951:Hepadnaviridae 941:Caulimoviridae 922: 919: 905:Caulimoviridae 858: 855: 838:Main article: 835: 832: 762:Main article: 759: 756: 755: 754: 745: 730: 681: 678: 677: 676: 661: 632:Endornaviridae 604: 601: 555: 552: 551: 550: 533: 518: 457:DNA polymerase 433: 430: 429: 428: 427: 426: 412: 397:Polydnaviridae 367:Globuloviridae 361:Fuselloviridae 349:Bicaudaviridae 343:Ampullaviridae 338: 335:Naldaviricetes 327: 308: 305:polyomaviruses 283: 264: 218:RNA polymerase 195: 192: 159:Main article: 156: 153: 151: 150:Classification 148: 132:viral envelope 115: 114: 111: 108: 105: 102: 99: 96: 80: 77: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7409: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7390: 7388: 7385: 7384: 7382: 7372: 7367: 7362: 7358: 7317: 7316: 7312: 7311: 7309: 7307: 7306: 7301: 7295: 7294: 7290: 7289: 7287: 7285: 7284: 7283:Blubervirales 7279: 7276: 7274: 7273: 7268: 7265: 7263: 7262: 7257: 7254: 7252: 7251: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7240: 7235: 7231: 7227: 7221: 7217: 7187: 7186: 7182: 7180: 7179: 7178:Pseudoviridae 7175: 7173: 7172: 7168: 7166: 7165: 7164:Belpaoviridae 7161: 7160: 7158: 7156: 7155: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7144: 7139: 7136: 7134: 7133: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7122: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7111: 7106: 7102: 7098: 7092: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7079: 7045: 7044: 7040: 7039: 7037: 7035: 7034: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7023: 7018: 7008: 7007: 7003: 7001: 7000: 6996: 6994: 6993: 6992:Rhabdoviridae 6989: 6987: 6986: 6985:Pneumoviridae 6982: 6980: 6979: 6975: 6973: 6972: 6968: 6966: 6965: 6964:Mymonaviridae 6961: 6959: 6958: 6954: 6952: 6951: 6947: 6945: 6944: 6940: 6938: 6937: 6933: 6932: 6930: 6928: 6927: 6922: 6916: 6915: 6914:Natareviridae 6911: 6909: 6908: 6904: 6902: 6901: 6897: 6895: 6894: 6890: 6888: 6887: 6883: 6882: 6880: 6878: 6877: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6866: 6861: 6851: 6850: 6846: 6845: 6843: 6841: 6840: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6829: 6824: 6814: 6813: 6809: 6807: 6806: 6805:Amnoonviridae 6802: 6801: 6799: 6797: 6796: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6785: 6780: 6770: 6769: 6768:Wupedeviridae 6765: 6763: 6762: 6758: 6756: 6755: 6754:Phenuiviridae 6751: 6749: 6748: 6747:Phasmaviridae 6744: 6742: 6741: 6737: 6735: 6734: 6730: 6728: 6727: 6723: 6721: 6720: 6716: 6714: 6713: 6709: 6707: 6706: 6702: 6700: 6699: 6695: 6693: 6692: 6688: 6687: 6685: 6683: 6682: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6671: 6666: 6656: 6655: 6651: 6650: 6648: 6646: 6645: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6634: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6623: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6612: 6611:Orthornavirae 6607: 6604: 6602: 6601: 6596: 6592: 6588: 6582: 6578: 6556: 6555: 6551: 6549: 6548: 6543: 6540: 6539: 6537: 6533: 6519: 6518: 6514: 6513: 6511: 6509: 6508: 6507:Stellavirales 6503: 6497: 6496: 6492: 6491: 6489: 6487: 6486: 6485:Patatavirales 6481: 6478: 6476: 6475: 6470: 6460: 6459: 6458:Solemoviridae 6455: 6453: 6452: 6448: 6446: 6445: 6441: 6440: 6438: 6436: 6435: 6434:Sobelivirales 6430: 6424: 6423: 6419: 6417: 6416: 6412: 6410: 6409: 6405: 6403: 6402: 6398: 6396: 6395: 6394:Caliciviridae 6391: 6389: 6388: 6384: 6382: 6381: 6377: 6375: 6374: 6370: 6369: 6367: 6365: 6364: 6359: 6353: 6352: 6351:Tobaniviridae 6348: 6346: 6345: 6341: 6339: 6338: 6334: 6332: 6331: 6327: 6325: 6324: 6320: 6318: 6317: 6316:Mononiviridae 6313: 6311: 6310: 6309:Mesoniviridae 6306: 6304: 6303: 6299: 6297: 6296: 6295:Gresnaviridae 6292: 6290: 6289: 6288:Euroniviridae 6285: 6283: 6282: 6281:Coronaviridae 6278: 6276: 6275: 6271: 6269: 6268: 6267:Arteriviridae 6264: 6262: 6261: 6260:Abyssoviridae 6257: 6256: 6254: 6252: 6251: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6240: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6229: 6224: 6210: 6209: 6205: 6204: 6202: 6200: 6199: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6188: 6183: 6173: 6172: 6168: 6167: 6165: 6163: 6162: 6161:Cryppavirales 6157: 6154: 6152: 6151: 6146: 6136: 6135: 6131: 6130: 6128: 6126: 6125: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6114: 6109: 6099: 6098: 6097:Steitzviridae 6094: 6092: 6091: 6087: 6086: 6084: 6082: 6081: 6076: 6070: 6069: 6068:Solspiviridae 6065: 6063: 6062: 6058: 6056: 6055: 6051: 6049: 6048: 6047:Atkinsviridae 6044: 6043: 6041: 6039: 6038: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6027: 6026:Leviviricetes 6022: 6019: 6017: 6016: 6015:Lenarviricota 6011: 5997: 5996: 5995:Tombusviridae 5992: 5990: 5989: 5985: 5983: 5982: 5978: 5977: 5975: 5973: 5972: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5961: 5956: 5946: 5945: 5941: 5939: 5938: 5934: 5933: 5931: 5929: 5928: 5927:Nodamuvirales 5923: 5920: 5918: 5917: 5912: 5902: 5901: 5897: 5896: 5894: 5892: 5891: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5880: 5875: 5865: 5864: 5860: 5858: 5857: 5853: 5851: 5850: 5846: 5844: 5843: 5839: 5837: 5836: 5832: 5831: 5829: 5827: 5826: 5821: 5815: 5814: 5810: 5808: 5807: 5803: 5801: 5800: 5796: 5794: 5793: 5789: 5787: 5786: 5782: 5780: 5779: 5775: 5773: 5772: 5768: 5767: 5765: 5763: 5762: 5757: 5751: 5750: 5749:Matonaviridae 5746: 5744: 5743: 5739: 5737: 5736: 5732: 5730: 5729: 5725: 5724: 5722: 5720: 5719: 5718:Hepelivirales 5714: 5711: 5709: 5708: 5707:Alsuviricetes 5703: 5700: 5698: 5697: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5686: 5685:Orthornavirae 5681: 5678: 5676: 5675: 5670: 5666: 5662: 5656: 5652: 5630: 5629: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5618: 5614: 5612: 5611: 5606: 5603: 5602: 5600: 5596: 5582: 5581: 5577: 5575: 5574: 5570: 5568: 5567: 5563: 5561: 5560: 5556: 5554: 5553: 5552:Amalgaviridae 5549: 5548: 5546: 5544: 5543: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5532: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5521: 5516: 5502: 5501: 5497: 5496: 5494: 5492: 5491: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5480: 5475: 5465: 5464: 5460: 5459: 5457: 5455: 5454: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5443: 5438: 5428: 5427: 5423: 5421: 5420: 5419:Quadriviridae 5416: 5414: 5413: 5409: 5407: 5406: 5405:Chrysoviridae 5402: 5401: 5399: 5397: 5396: 5395:Ghabrivirales 5391: 5388: 5386: 5385: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5374: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5363: 5362:Orthornavirae 5358: 5355: 5353: 5352: 5347: 5343: 5339: 5338:dsRNA viruses 5333: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5320: 5302: 5301: 5297: 5295: 5294: 5290: 5288: 5287: 5286:Anelloviridae 5282: 5279: 5278: 5276: 5272: 5250: 5249: 5245: 5244: 5242: 5240: 5239: 5238:Haloruvirales 5234: 5231: 5229: 5228: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5217: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5206: 5201: 5183: 5182: 5181:Genomoviridae 5178: 5176: 5175: 5174:Geminiviridae 5171: 5170: 5168: 5166: 5165: 5160: 5157: 5155: 5154: 5149: 5139: 5138: 5134: 5133: 5131: 5129: 5128: 5123: 5117: 5116: 5112: 5110: 5109: 5108:Metaxyviridae 5105: 5104: 5102: 5100: 5099: 5094: 5088: 5087: 5083: 5082: 5080: 5078: 5077: 5072: 5066: 5065: 5061: 5060: 5058: 5056: 5055: 5050: 5044: 5043: 5039: 5038: 5036: 5034: 5033: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5022: 5021:Arfiviricetes 5017: 5014: 5012: 5011: 5006: 4992: 4991: 4987: 4986: 4984: 4982: 4981: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4970: 4965: 4955: 4954: 4950: 4949: 4947: 4945: 4944: 4939: 4936: 4934: 4933: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4922: 4921:Cossaviricota 4917: 4914: 4912: 4911: 4906: 4888: 4887: 4883: 4882: 4880: 4878: 4877: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4866: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4855: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4844: 4839: 4821: 4820: 4816: 4814: 4813: 4809: 4807: 4806: 4802: 4801: 4799: 4797: 4796: 4795:Tubulavirales 4791: 4788: 4786: 4785: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4774: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4763: 4758: 4755: 4753: 4752: 4747: 4743: 4739: 4738:ssDNA viruses 4733: 4729: 4711: 4710: 4709:Rhizidiovirus 4706: 4704: 4703: 4698: 4695: 4693: 4692: 4691:Thaspiviridae 4688: 4686: 4685: 4681: 4679: 4678: 4674: 4672: 4671: 4670:Plasmaviridae 4667: 4665: 4664: 4660: 4658: 4657: 4656:Halspiviridae 4653: 4651: 4650: 4646: 4644: 4643: 4639: 4637: 4636: 4632: 4630: 4629: 4625: 4623: 4622: 4618: 4616: 4615: 4610: 4607: 4606: 4604: 4600: 4590: 4589: 4585: 4584: 4582: 4578: 4572: 4571: 4567: 4565: 4564: 4560: 4558: 4557: 4556:Baculoviridae 4553: 4552: 4550: 4548: 4547: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4536: 4531: 4528: 4524: 4502: 4501: 4497: 4495: 4494: 4493:Simuloviridae 4490: 4488: 4487: 4483: 4482: 4480: 4478: 4477: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4466: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4455: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4444: 4443:Helvetiavirae 4439: 4421: 4420: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4410: 4405: 4399: 4398: 4394: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4388: 4383: 4377: 4376: 4372: 4371: 4369: 4367: 4366: 4365:Kalamavirales 4361: 4355: 4354: 4350: 4349: 4347: 4345: 4344: 4343:Belfryvirales 4339: 4336: 4334: 4333: 4328: 4318: 4317: 4316:Adintoviridae 4313: 4312: 4310: 4308: 4307: 4302: 4299: 4297: 4296: 4291: 4281: 4280: 4279:Lavidaviridae 4276: 4275: 4273: 4271: 4270: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4259: 4254: 4251: 4249: 4248: 4243: 4229: 4228: 4224: 4222: 4221: 4217: 4215: 4214: 4210: 4209: 4207: 4205: 4204: 4199: 4193: 4192: 4188: 4187: 4185: 4183: 4182: 4181:Imitervirales 4177: 4171: 4170: 4166: 4165: 4163: 4161: 4160: 4155: 4152: 4150: 4149: 4148:Megaviricetes 4144: 4134: 4133: 4129: 4128: 4126: 4124: 4123: 4118: 4112: 4111: 4107: 4106: 4104: 4102: 4101: 4096: 4093: 4091: 4090: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4079: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4068: 4063: 4060: 4058: 4057: 4052: 4030: 4029: 4025: 4024: 4022: 4020: 4019: 4014: 4008: 4007: 4003: 4002: 4000: 3998: 3997: 3996:Sepolyvirales 3992: 3989: 3987: 3986: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3975: 3974:Cossaviricota 3970: 3967: 3965: 3964: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3953: 3948: 3926: 3925: 3924:Zobellviridae 3921: 3919: 3918: 3914: 3912: 3911: 3910:Schitoviridae 3907: 3905: 3904: 3900: 3898: 3897: 3893: 3891: 3890: 3886: 3884: 3883: 3879: 3877: 3876: 3872: 3870: 3869: 3868:Guelinviridae 3865: 3863: 3862: 3858: 3856: 3855: 3851: 3849: 3848: 3844: 3842: 3841: 3837: 3835: 3834: 3830: 3829: 3827: 3825: 3824: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3813: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3802: 3797: 3783: 3782: 3778: 3776: 3775: 3774:Herpesviridae 3771: 3769: 3768: 3764: 3763: 3761: 3759: 3758: 3757:Herpesvirales 3753: 3750: 3748: 3747: 3742: 3739: 3737: 3736: 3735:Peploviricota 3731: 3728: 3726: 3725: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3714: 3713:Duplodnaviria 3709: 3687: 3686: 3682: 3681: 3679: 3677: 3676: 3671: 3665: 3664: 3660: 3658: 3657: 3653: 3652: 3650: 3648: 3647: 3642: 3639: 3637: 3636: 3635:Tokiviricetes 3631: 3628: 3626: 3625: 3624:Taleaviricota 3620: 3617: 3615: 3614: 3609: 3606: 3604: 3603: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3589:dsDNA viruses 3584: 3580: 3577: 3575: 3571: 3566: 3562: 3555: 3550: 3548: 3543: 3541: 3536: 3535: 3532: 3525: 3520: 3516: 3515: 3511: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3474: 3470: 3464: 3460: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3437: 3433: 3429: 3425: 3420: 3416: 3410: 3406: 3401: 3400: 3396: 3376: 3369: 3366: 3361: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3330:Nat Microbiol 3327: 3320: 3318: 3316: 3314: 3310: 3305: 3301: 3296: 3291: 3287: 3283: 3279: 3275: 3274:Bacteriol Rev 3271: 3264: 3261: 3248: 3244: 3238: 3235: 3231: 3226: 3223: 3210: 3206: 3200: 3197: 3184: 3180: 3174: 3171: 3158: 3154: 3148: 3145: 3141: 3136: 3134: 3130: 3117: 3113: 3107: 3104: 3100: 3095: 3093: 3089: 3076: 3072: 3066: 3063: 3059: 3054: 3051: 3038: 3034: 3028: 3025: 3020: 3016: 3011: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2979: 2976: 2963: 2959: 2958:"RNA editing" 2953: 2950: 2937: 2933: 2927: 2924: 2911: 2907: 2892: 2888: 2873: 2869: 2854: 2850: 2835: 2831: 2816: 2812: 2806: 2803: 2798: 2794: 2789: 2784: 2779: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2763:(5): e64328. 2762: 2758: 2754: 2747: 2744: 2739: 2735: 2730: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2698: 2695: 2682: 2678: 2672: 2669: 2657: 2653: 2648: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2616: 2614: 2610: 2605: 2601: 2596: 2591: 2586: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2562: 2559: 2555: 2550: 2548: 2546: 2542: 2537: 2533: 2528: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2496: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2481: 2479: 2477: 2473: 2460: 2456: 2450: 2447: 2434: 2430: 2424: 2421: 2416: 2412: 2407: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2374: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2359: 2356: 2343: 2339: 2333: 2330: 2326: 2321: 2319: 2315: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2260: 2253: 2250: 2246: 2241: 2239: 2237: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2222: 2219: 2206: 2202: 2196: 2193: 2180: 2176: 2170: 2167: 2154: 2150: 2144: 2141: 2128: 2124: 2118: 2115: 2102: 2098: 2092: 2089: 2085: 2080: 2077: 2064: 2060: 2054: 2051: 2047: 2042: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2027: 2025: 2023: 2019: 2006: 2002: 1996: 1994: 1990: 1974: 1967: 1965: 1963: 1961: 1959: 1957: 1953: 1950:, p. 42. 1949: 1944: 1942: 1938: 1935:, p. 65. 1934: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1923: 1919: 1906: 1902: 1896: 1894: 1890: 1877: 1873: 1867: 1864: 1859: 1857:9781444114782 1853: 1849: 1842: 1839: 1835: 1830: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1807: 1794: 1790: 1784: 1782: 1778: 1765: 1761: 1755: 1753: 1749: 1733: 1731: 1727: 1718: 1715: 1699: 1692: 1690: 1688: 1686: 1682: 1666: 1664: 1655: 1653: 1649: 1633: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1620: 1618: 1614: 1598: 1591: 1589: 1587: 1583: 1570: 1566: 1560: 1557: 1544: 1540: 1534: 1531: 1518: 1514: 1508: 1505: 1492: 1488: 1482: 1479: 1475: 1470: 1468: 1466: 1462: 1459:, p. 66. 1458: 1453: 1450: 1437: 1433: 1427: 1424: 1420: 1415: 1413: 1411: 1409: 1407: 1405: 1401: 1388: 1384: 1378: 1376: 1374: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1359: 1357: 1353: 1346: 1341: 1333: 1332: 1325: 1322: 1315: 1313: 1311: 1310: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1292:Duplodnaviria 1289: 1284: 1282: 1281:Orthornavirae 1278: 1277:Orthornavirae 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1257: 1253: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1234: 1227: 1219: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1203: 1200: 1196: 1193: 1192: 1190: 1185: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1172: 1169: 1166: 1162: 1157: 1156: 1154: 1153: 1152: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1118: 1111: 1109: 1105: 1103: 1102:ebola viruses 1094: 1092: 1090: 1086: 1085: 1075: 1073: 1066: 1064: 1062: 1061: 1060:Geminiviridae 1056: 1052: 1051: 1046: 1038: 1036: 1034: 1030: 1029:unspliced RNA 1026: 1025:Herpesviruses 1022: 1018: 1017: 1012: 1011: 1005: 998: 996: 989: 985: 981: 977: 973: 968: 961: 959: 957: 956:Blubervirales 953: 952: 947: 943: 942: 937: 932: 929: 920: 918: 916: 915: 910: 906: 902: 899:of the realm 898: 894: 893:Arterviricota 890: 889: 883: 881: 877: 873: 869: 865: 856: 854: 852: 849:in the realm 848: 841: 833: 831: 829: 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 806:in the realm 805: 804:Orthornavirae 801: 800: 794: 791: 787: 783: 778: 776: 775:cap snatching 772: 765: 757: 752: 751: 746: 743: 742: 737: 736: 731: 728: 727: 726:Lenarviricota 722: 721: 720: 718: 715:in the realm 714: 713:Orthornavirae 709: 705: 703: 697: 690: 689:Coronaviruses 686: 679: 674: 673: 668: 667: 662: 659: 658: 653: 652: 651: 649: 646:of the realm 645: 644:Orthornavirae 640: 638: 634: 633: 628: 627: 626:Amalgaviridae 620: 613: 609: 602: 600: 598: 597: 592: 588: 584: 580: 579: 575:in the realm 574: 573: 572:Orthornavirae 565: 561: 560:Orthornavirae 553: 548: 544: 540: 539: 534: 531: 530: 525: 524: 523:Anelloviridae 519: 516: 512: 508: 507: 506: 503: 500: 495: 494: 493:Anelloviridae 488: 485: 484:hairpin loops 481: 477: 473: 471: 466: 461: 458: 451: 443: 438: 431: 425: 424: 423:Rhizidiovirus 419: 418: 413: 411: 410: 409:Thaspiviridae 405: 404: 399: 398: 393: 392: 391:Plasmaviridae 387: 386: 381: 380: 379:Halspiviridae 375: 374: 369: 368: 363: 362: 357: 356: 351: 350: 345: 344: 339: 337: 336: 331: 330: 328: 325: 321: 320:giant viruses 317: 313: 309: 306: 302: 298: 294: 293: 288: 284: 281: 280: 279:Herpesvirales 275: 274: 269: 268:Duplodnaviria 265: 262: 258: 254: 253: 252: 249: 247: 243: 239: 238:Duplodnaviria 233: 231: 225: 223: 219: 215: 209: 205: 204:Duplodnaviria 201: 193: 191: 189: 188: 183: 182: 177: 176: 175:Duplodnaviria 171: 170: 162: 154: 149: 143: 139: 137: 133: 129: 125: 120: 119:transcription 112: 109: 106: 103: 100: 97: 94: 93: 92: 90: 86: 78: 76: 74: 69: 67: 63: 59: 58:transcription 55: 50: 48: 44: 40: 36: 32: 31:messenger RNA 28: 25: 21: 7313: 7305:Ortervirales 7303: 7291: 7281: 7270: 7259: 7250:Pararnavirae 7248: 7237: 7185:Retroviridae 7183: 7176: 7169: 7162: 7154:Ortervirales 7152: 7141: 7130: 7121:Pararnavirae 7119: 7108: 7041: 7031: 7020: 7006:Xinmoviridae 7004: 6997: 6990: 6983: 6976: 6971:Nyamiviridae 6969: 6962: 6957:Lispiviridae 6955: 6948: 6943:Bornaviridae 6941: 6934: 6924: 6912: 6907:Myriaviridae 6905: 6898: 6891: 6886:Aliusviridae 6884: 6874: 6863: 6847: 6837: 6826: 6810: 6803: 6793: 6782: 6766: 6761:Tospoviridae 6759: 6752: 6745: 6738: 6733:Nairoviridae 6731: 6724: 6717: 6712:Hantaviridae 6710: 6703: 6698:Arenaviridae 6696: 6691:Cruliviridae 6689: 6681:Bunyavirales 6679: 6668: 6652: 6642: 6631: 6620: 6609: 6598: 6552: 6545: 6541: 6517:Astroviridae 6515: 6505: 6493: 6483: 6472: 6456: 6451:Barnaviridae 6449: 6442: 6432: 6420: 6413: 6406: 6399: 6392: 6385: 6380:Marnaviridae 6378: 6371: 6361: 6349: 6342: 6337:Olifoviridae 6335: 6328: 6321: 6314: 6307: 6300: 6293: 6286: 6279: 6272: 6265: 6258: 6248: 6237: 6228:Pisuviricota 6226: 6206: 6198:Ourlivirales 6196: 6187:Miaviricetes 6185: 6169: 6159: 6148: 6134:Narnaviridae 6132: 6122: 6111: 6095: 6090:Blumeviridae 6088: 6080:Timlovirales 6078: 6066: 6061:Fiersviridae 6059: 6052: 6045: 6037:Norzivirales 6035: 6024: 6013: 5993: 5988:Luteoviridae 5986: 5979: 5969: 5958: 5942: 5935: 5925: 5914: 5900:Flaviviridae 5898: 5888: 5877: 5861: 5854: 5847: 5840: 5833: 5823: 5813:Virgaviridae 5811: 5804: 5797: 5790: 5783: 5776: 5771:Bromoviridae 5769: 5759: 5747: 5740: 5733: 5726: 5716: 5705: 5694: 5683: 5672: 5626: 5622: 5615: 5610:Birnaviridae 5608: 5604: 5578: 5571: 5564: 5557: 5550: 5542:Durnavirales 5540: 5529: 5520:Pisuviricota 5518: 5500:Cystoviridae 5498: 5490:Mindivirales 5488: 5477: 5461: 5451: 5440: 5424: 5417: 5410: 5403: 5393: 5382: 5371: 5360: 5349: 5300:Spiraviridae 5298: 5291: 5284: 5280: 5246: 5236: 5225: 5216:Saleviricota 5214: 5203: 5179: 5172: 5162: 5151: 5135: 5127:Recrevirales 5125: 5113: 5106: 5098:Mulpavirales 5096: 5086:Smacoviridae 5084: 5076:Cremevirales 5074: 5064:Circoviridae 5062: 5054:Cirlivirales 5052: 5040: 5032:Baphyvirales 5030: 5019: 5008: 4990:Parvoviridae 4988: 4980:Piccovirales 4978: 4967: 4953:Bidnaviridae 4951: 4941: 4932:Mouviricetes 4930: 4919: 4910:Shotokuvirae 4908: 4886:Microviridae 4884: 4876:Petitvirales 4874: 4863: 4854:Phixviricota 4852: 4841: 4817: 4810: 4803: 4793: 4782: 4771: 4760: 4751:Monodnaviria 4749: 4707: 4702:Dinodnavirus 4700: 4696: 4689: 4682: 4675: 4668: 4663:Ovaliviridae 4661: 4654: 4649:Guttaviridae 4647: 4640: 4633: 4628:Clavaviridae 4626: 4619: 4612: 4608: 4586: 4568: 4561: 4554: 4544: 4533: 4498: 4491: 4484: 4474: 4463: 4452: 4441: 4417: 4407: 4397:Adenoviridae 4395: 4385: 4375:Tectiviridae 4373: 4363: 4353:Turriviridae 4351: 4341: 4330: 4314: 4304: 4293: 4277: 4267: 4256: 4245: 4225: 4220:Iridoviridae 4218: 4211: 4201: 4189: 4179: 4167: 4157: 4146: 4130: 4122:Chitovirales 4120: 4110:Asfarviridae 4108: 4098: 4087: 4076: 4067:Bamfordvirae 4065: 4056:Varidnaviria 4054: 4026: 4016: 4004: 3994: 3983: 3972: 3963:Shotokuvirae 3961: 3952:Monodnaviria 3950: 3922: 3917:Siphoviridae 3915: 3908: 3901: 3894: 3887: 3880: 3873: 3866: 3859: 3852: 3847:Chaseviridae 3845: 3838: 3831: 3823:Caudovirales 3821: 3810: 3799: 3779: 3772: 3765: 3755: 3744: 3733: 3722: 3711: 3683: 3675:Primavirales 3673: 3661: 3654: 3644: 3633: 3622: 3611: 3600: 3560: 3477: 3458: 3423: 3404: 3382:. Retrieved 3368: 3333: 3329: 3277: 3273: 3263: 3251:. Retrieved 3246: 3237: 3225: 3213:. Retrieved 3208: 3199: 3187:. Retrieved 3182: 3173: 3161:. Retrieved 3156: 3147: 3120:. Retrieved 3115: 3106: 3079:. Retrieved 3074: 3065: 3053: 3041:. Retrieved 3036: 3027: 2992: 2988: 2978: 2966:. Retrieved 2961: 2952: 2940:. Retrieved 2935: 2926: 2914:. Retrieved 2909: 2895:. Retrieved 2890: 2876:. Retrieved 2871: 2857:. Retrieved 2852: 2838:. Retrieved 2833: 2819:. Retrieved 2814: 2805: 2760: 2756: 2746: 2711: 2707: 2697: 2685:. Retrieved 2680: 2671: 2659:. Retrieved 2629: 2625: 2575: 2571: 2561: 2509: 2505: 2463:. Retrieved 2458: 2449: 2437:. Retrieved 2432: 2423: 2388: 2384: 2358: 2346:. Retrieved 2341: 2332: 2305:. Retrieved 2269: 2265: 2252: 2221: 2209:. Retrieved 2204: 2195: 2183:. Retrieved 2178: 2169: 2157:. Retrieved 2152: 2143: 2131:. Retrieved 2126: 2117: 2105:. Retrieved 2100: 2091: 2079: 2067:. Retrieved 2062: 2053: 2009:. Retrieved 2004: 1980:. Retrieved 1909:. Retrieved 1904: 1880:. Retrieved 1875: 1866: 1848:Parvoviruses 1847: 1841: 1797:. Retrieved 1792: 1768:. Retrieved 1763: 1739:. Retrieved 1729: 1725: 1717: 1705:. Retrieved 1672:. Retrieved 1662: 1639:. Retrieved 1604:. Retrieved 1573:. Retrieved 1568: 1559: 1547:. Retrieved 1542: 1533: 1521:. Retrieved 1516: 1507: 1495:. Retrieved 1490: 1481: 1452: 1440:. Retrieved 1435: 1426: 1391:. Retrieved 1386: 1363:Lostroh 2019 1331:Retroviridae 1329: 1324: 1307: 1304:Varidnaviria 1303: 1300:Varidnaviria 1299: 1296:Monodnaviria 1295: 1291: 1287: 1285: 1280: 1276: 1273:Pararnavirae 1272: 1268: 1264: 1258: 1254: 1245: 1239: 1139: 1128:(group IV), 1106: 1098: 1088: 1082: 1079: 1070: 1058: 1048: 1045:multipartite 1042: 1033:retroviruses 1014: 1008: 1002: 993: 982:(group IV), 978:(group IV), 955: 949: 946:Ortervirales 945: 939: 935: 933: 924: 914:Ortervirales 912: 908: 904: 903:. Excluding 900: 897:Pararnavirae 896: 892: 886: 884: 866:. The viral 860: 850: 847:Pararnavirae 846: 845:the kingdom 843: 827: 823: 819: 815: 811: 807: 803: 797: 795: 779: 767: 748: 739: 735:Pisuviricota 733: 724: 716: 712: 710: 706: 698: 694: 670: 666:Pisuviricota 664: 655: 647: 643: 641: 630: 624: 621: 617: 594: 576: 570: 567: 547:Varidnaviria 546: 542: 536: 529:Spiraviridae 527: 521: 514: 511:Monodnaviria 510: 504: 499:bidnaviruses 491: 489: 476:Parvoviruses 474: 465:endonuclease 462: 453: 450:Monodnaviria 421: 417:Dinodnavirus 415: 407: 401: 395: 389: 385:Ovaliviridae 383: 377: 373:Guttaviridae 371: 365: 359: 355:Clavaviridae 353: 347: 341: 333: 316:adenoviruses 312:Varidnaviria 311: 296: 290: 287:Monodnaviria 286: 277: 273:Caudovirales 271: 267: 256: 250: 246:Varidnaviria 245: 242:Caudovirales 241: 237: 234: 226: 211: 208:Varidnaviria 187:Varidnaviria 185: 181:Monodnaviria 179: 173: 167: 164: 116: 82: 70: 51: 19: 18: 7171:Metaviridae 6950:Filoviridae 6936:Artoviridae 6849:Aspiviridae 6726:Mypoviridae 6705:Fimoviridae 6495:Potyviridae 6408:Secoviridae 6401:Iflaviridae 6344:Roniviridae 6250:Nidovirales 6171:Mitoviridae 6054:Duinviridae 5971:Tolivirales 5937:Nodaviridae 5863:Tymoviridae 5825:Tymovirales 5806:Togaviridae 5799:Mayoviridae 5792:Kitaviridae 5742:Hepeviridae 5735:Benyviridae 5566:Hypoviridae 5426:Totiviridae 5115:Nanoviridae 4943:Polivirales 4843:Sangervirae 4588:Nimaviridae 4570:Nudiviridae 4546:Lefavirales 4409:Vinavirales 4387:Rowavirales 4213:Ascoviridae 4191:Mimiviridae 4159:Algavirales 4100:Asfuvirales 3889:Podoviridae 3801:Uroviricota 3663:Rudiviridae 3613:Zilligvirae 2989:J Gen Virol 2626:J Gen Virol 2572:PLOS Pathog 2554:Fermin 2018 2245:Fermin 2018 2046:Fermin 2018 1948:Fermin 2018 1819:Fermin 2018 1730:Lefavirales 1474:Fermin 2018 1167:amino acid. 1141:Translation 1124:(group I), 1112:Translation 1095:RNA editing 1055:plant virus 990:(group VI) 974:(group I), 612:Rotaviruses 596:Ribozyviria 554:RNA viruses 155:DNA viruses 124:replicating 62:translation 54:replicating 7381:Categories 7043:Yueviridae 6999:Sunviridae 6893:Chuviridae 6654:Qinviridae 6535:Unassigned 5598:Unassigned 5463:Reoviridae 5453:Reovirales 5274:Unassigned 5205:Trapavirae 4805:Inoviridae 4602:Unassigned 4580:Unassigned 4526:Unassigned 4132:Poxviridae 3882:Myoviridae 1342:References 1199:nucleobase 1136:(group VI) 1067:Host range 895:, kingdom 872:integrated 585:and other 448:See also: 340:Families: 324:poxviruses 198:See also: 7239:Riboviria 7110:Riboviria 6644:Muvirales 6600:Riboviria 5674:Riboviria 5351:Riboviria 4762:Loebvirae 3602:Adnaviria 3561:Baltimore 3247:ViralZone 3209:ViralZone 3183:ViralZone 3157:ViralZone 3116:ViralZone 3075:ViralZone 3037:ViralZone 2962:ViralZone 2936:ViralZone 2910:ViralZone 2891:ViralZone 2872:ViralZone 2853:ViralZone 2834:ViralZone 2815:ViralZone 2681:ViralZone 2459:ViralZone 2433:ViralZone 2363:Cann 2015 2342:ViralZone 2226:Cann 2015 2205:ViralZone 2179:ViralZone 2153:ViralZone 2127:ViralZone 2101:ViralZone 2084:Cann 2015 2063:ViralZone 2005:ViralZone 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