247:
from it, would perish. The vegetable lamb was believed to have blood, bones, and flesh like that of a normal lamb. It was connected to the earth by a stem, similar to an umbilical cord, that propped the lamb up above ground. The cord could flex downward, allowing the lamb to feed on the grass and plants surrounding it. Once the plants within reach were eaten, the lamb died. It could be eaten, once dead, and its blood supposedly tasted sweet like honey. Its wool was said to be used by the native people of its homeland to make head coverings and other articles of clothing. The only carnivorous animals attracted to the lamb plant (other than humans) were wolves.
264:
38:
350:
100:
256:
396:, who in 1517 and 1526 was the ambassador to the Emperors Maximilian I and Charles V, presented a much more detailed account of the Barometz in his "Notes on Russia." He claimed to have heard from too many credible sources to doubt the lamb's existence, and gave the location of the creature as being near the
306:), was like a lamb in form and sprouted from the earth connected to a stem. Those who went hunting the Yeduah could only harvest the creature by severing it from its stem with arrows or darts. Once the animal was severed, it died and its bones could be used in divination and prophetic ceremonies.
246:
describes the legendary lamb as believed to be both a true animal and a living plant. However, he states that some writers believed the lamb to be the fruit of a plant, sprouting forward from melon-like seeds. Others, however, believed the lamb to be a living member of the plant that, once separated
336:
points to
Chinese legends of the "watersheep" as inspiration for the legend of the Vegetable Lamb of Tartary. Much like the vegetable lamb, the watersheep was believed to be both plant and animal, and tales of its existence placed it near Persia. It was connected to the ground by a stem and, if the
309:
An alternative version of the legend tells of the "jeduah", a human-shaped plant-animal connected to the earth from a stem attached to its navel. The jeduah was believed to be aggressive, though, grabbing and killing any creature that wandered too close. Like the
Barometz, it too died once severed
433:
accompanied an embassy to Persia in 1683 with the intention of locating the lamb. After speaking with native inhabitants and finding no physical evidence of the lamb-plant, Kaempfer concluded it to be nothing but legend. However, he observed the custom of removing an unborn lamb from its mother's
367:
Earlier versions of the legend tell of the lamb as a fruit, springing from a melon or gourd-like seed, perfectly formed as if born naturally. As time passed, this idea was replaced with the notion that the creature was indeed both a living animal and a living plant. Schlegel, in his work on the
337:
stem were severed, it would die. The animal was protected from aggressors by an enclosure built around it and by armored men yelling and beating drums. Its wool was also said to be used for fine clothing and headdresses. (In turn, the origin of watersheep is an explanation for
377:
is credited with bringing the legend to public attention in Europe. It describes a strange gourd-like fruit grown in
Tartary. Once ripe, the fruit was cut open, revealing what looked like a lamb in flesh and blood but lacking wool. The fruit and the lamb could then be eaten.
584:. After describing the purely vegetable nature of the so-called lamb, he noted: "This article will give us the occasion to express more useful ideas against superstition and prejudice than merely to question the usefulness of the Scythian lamb as a cure for spitting blood."
404:
and Volga rivers. The creature grown from the melon-like seeds described was said to grow to 2.5 ft (0.76 m), resembling a lamb in most ways except a few. It was said to have blood, but not true flesh, as it more closely resembled
317:, upon recalling first hearing of the vegetable lamb, told of trees on the shore of the Irish Sea with gourd-like fruits that fell into the water and became birds called Bernacles. He is referring to the legendary plant-animal known as the
733:
392:, the Lamb of Tartary was a frequent object of philosophical and botanical debate. It became an important heuristic to discuss the natural order of things and the Aristotelian scale of beings. The mid-16th century,
195:
422:, was the origin of the myth. Sloane found the specimen in a Chinese cabinet of curiosities he acquired. The "lamb" is produced by removing the leaves from a short length of the fern's woolly
739:
325:" that would live in the water, growing to mature geese. The alleged existence of this fellow plant-animal was accepted as an explanation for migrating geese from the North.
438:
and believed the practice to be a possible source of the legend. He speculated further that museum specimens of the fetal wool could be mistaken for a vegetable substance.
1246:
285:
wrote of trees in India "the fruit whereof is a wool exceeding in beauty and goodness that of sheep. The natives make their clothes of this tree-wool."
385:, much like Mandeville, travelled extensively and claimed to have heard of gourds in Persia that, when ripe, opened to contain lamb-like beasts.
1200:"The vegetable lamb of Tartary; a curious fable of the cotton plant. To which is added a sketch of the history of cotton and the cotton trade."
963:
1170:
The
Encyclopedia of Diderot & d'Alembert Collaborative Translation Project. Translated by Malcolm Eden, Web. Trans. of "Agnus scythicus"
906:
368:
various legends of the vegetable lamb, recounts the lamb being born without its horns, but with two puffs of white, curly hair instead.
373:
1210:
1119:
426:. When the rhizome is inverted, it fancifully resembles a woolly lamb, with the legs being formed by the severed petiole bases.
484:
409:. Unlike a normal lamb, its hooves were said to be made of parted hair. It was the favourite food of wolves and other animals.
1205:
1005:
The Shui-yang or
Watersheep and The Agnus Scythicus or Vegetable Lamb. Acts of the 8th International Congress of Orientalists.
263:
321:, which was believed to drop its ripened fruit into the sea near the Orkney Islands. The ripened fruit would then release "
1256:
1251:
642:, there is an enemy character named Baromett, who is depicted as a sheep whose lower half is covered in an oversized red
1261:
302:
393:
162:
1199:
1193:
620:
anime series, characters
Constanze and Akko require a Barometz plant for the development of the Stanship Mecha.
360:
880:
150:
and grazed the land around the plant. When all accessible foliage was gone, both the plant and sheep died.
1140:
602:, the heroes can plant Baromett seeds and harvest sheep from them for hit point replenishment and recipes.
243:
735:
A supplement to Mr. Chambers's cyclopædia: or, universal dictionary of arts and sciences. In two volumes
680:
616:
178:
783:
491:(1587). In the poem, Adam wanders the Garden of Eden and is amazed by the peculiarity of the creature.
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607:
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depicts a
Barometz plant whose fruit naturally grows into the shape of a sheep, but taste like crab.
314:
699:
Pseudodoxia
Epidemica, Or, Enquiries Into Very Many Received Tenents, and Commonly Presumed Truths
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864:
Schlegel, Gustav. "The Shui-yang or
Watersheep and The Agnus Scythicus or Vegetable Lamb".
99:
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661:
333:
289:
1146:
580:
259:
Fanciful depiction of cotton by John
Mandeville, featuring sheep instead of cotton bolls.
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267:
An illustration of the specimen of the vegetable lamb, actually the rhizome of the fern
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Carrubba, Robert (1993). "Engelbert Kaempfer and the Myth of the Scythian Lamb".
277:
included in a letter published in Philosophical Transactions, volume 20, in 1698.
1172:. Ann Arbor: Scholarly Publishing Office of the University of Michigan Library.
1149:
ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers. pp. 179–180
738:. Vol. 1. London: Book-sellers. Agnus scythicus, p. AGN-AGO. Archived from
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413:
397:
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274:
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948:
401:
881:"Fantastically Wrong: When People Thought Lambs Grew Right Out of the Ground"
638:
406:
282:
154:
907:"The Vegetable Lamb of Tartary: Renaissance Philosophy, Magic, and Botany"
593:, the characters Cott and Ton are portrayed as anthropomorphized Barometz.
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36:
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The Shui-yang or Watersheep and The Agnus Scythicus or Vegetable Lamb
158:
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985:. London: Sampson, Low, Marston. Searle, & Rivington. p. 24
211:, resembling the figure and structure of a lamb. It was also called
348:
262:
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143:
139:
112:
98:
767:. London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington. p.
543:(1791), De la Croix writes of the vegetable lamb (translated):
146:. It was believed the sheep were connected to the plant by an
702:. Vol. 3 (4 ed.). London: Edward Dod. p. 227
500:
But with true beasts, fast in the ground still sticking
1017:
Tryon, Alice (1957). "The Vegetable Lamb of Tartary".
866:
Acts of the 8th International Congress of Orientalists
292:
as early as AD 436. This creature, called the Yeduah (
850:
Folklore and Symbolism of Flowers, Plants, and Trees
522:
The beast hath root, the plant hath flesh and blood.
852:. New York: Tudor Publishing Company, 1960., p. 86.
532:
The plant with plants his hungry paunch doth feede,
89:
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49:
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518:That they have browzed the neighboring grass away.
528:The plant is leafless, branchless, void of fruit,
510:Of new-yeaned lambs have full the form and guise,
103:The Vegetable Lamb in a 17th-century illustration
558:And wakes at night, though rooted in the ground,
502:Feeding on grass, and th' airy moisture licking,
530:The beast is lustless, sexless, fireless, mute:
508:Although their bodies, noses, mouths, and eyes,
471:And round and round her flexile neck she bends,
461:E'en round the Pole the flames of love aspire,
288:There is mention of a similar plant-animal in
860:
858:
516:Which at their navel grows, and dies that day
8:
679:These are not scientific names, but predate
512:And should be very lambs, save that for foot
506:Of slender seeds, and with green fodder fed;
354:
30:
574:wrote an article about the vegetable lamb,
541:Connubia Florum, Latino Carmine Demonstrata
534:Th' admired beast is sowen a slender seed.
473:Crops the grey coral moss, and hoary thyme,
469:Rooted in earth, each cloven foot descends,
122:
116:
77:Scythian Lamb, Borometz, Barometz, Borametz
954:. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. p.
560:To feed on grass within its reach around.
548:For in his path he sees a monstrous birth,
526:The nummed beast can neither stir nor goe,
477:Eyes with mute tenderness her distant dam,
475:Or laps with rosy tongue the melting rime;
465:Cradled in snow, and fanned by Arctic air,
554:A rooted plant bears quadruped for fruit,
487:writes of the vegetable lamb in his poem
524:The nimble plant can turn it to and fro,
514:Within the ground they fix a living root
467:Shines, gentle borametz, thy golden hair
832:
830:
672:
805:
803:
782:Wurgaft, Benjamin Aldes (2019-08-05).
504:Such as those Borametz in Scythia bred
479:And seems to bleat – a vegetable lamb
359:(The Baromez, or Scythian Lamb)" from
29:
1247:Medieval European legendary creatures
578:, in the first edition (1751) of the
552:Upon a stalk is fixed a living brute,
520:Oh! Wondrous nature of God only good,
7:
1194:"The travels of Sir John Mandeville"
905:Baldassarri, Fabrizio (2021-12-22).
463:And icy bosoms feel the secret fire,
1168:Diderot (Biography), Denis (2003).
868:. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1892, p. 23.
848:Lehner, Ernst, and Johanna Lehner.
556:…It is an animal that sleeps by day
456:(1781), he writes of the Borametz:
550:The Borametz arises from the earth
374:The Travels of Sir John Mandeville
25:
1007:Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1892, p. 31.
429:The German scholar and physician
356:Das Boramez, oder Scythische Lamm
1227:, Pseudodoxia Epidemica, III.28
1217: (archived August 15, 2013)
485:Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas
361:Friedrich Johann Justin Bertuch
1106:
1096:. London: Jones & Company.
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836:
821:
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1:
982:The Vegetable Lamb of Tartary
784:"Animal, Vegetable, or Both?"
764:The Vegetable Lamb of Tartary
416:claimed a Chinese tree fern,
240:The Vegetable Lamb of Tartary
153:Underlying the legend is the
44:The Vegetable Lamb of Tartary
27:Legendary Central Asian plant
878:Simon, Matt (Apr 30, 2014).
363:'s picture book for children
203:was described as a kind of
1278:
1206:"The History of Herodotus"
159:unknown in Northern Europe
1233:(Natural history. Botany)
1178:2027/spo.did2222.0000.230
434:womb in order to harvest
394:Sigismund von Herberstein
355:
301:
297:
293:
163:Norman conquest of Sicily
124:Planta Tartarica Barometz
109:Vegetable Lamb of Tartary
35:
31:Vegetable Lamb of Tartary
1211:Legend of the Lamb-Plant
1120:Legend of the Lamb Plant
138:, once believed to grow
614:In the 18th episode of
345:In search of the legend
1145:. Vol. 1. Paris:
1126:Vol. 2(3) (fall 1992).
563:
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371:The 14th century book
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219:and bore the reported
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1019:American Fern Journal
681:binomial nomenclature
617:Little Witch Academia
545:
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352:
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258:
179:Pseudodoxia Epidemica
102:
40:
1257:Mythological hybrids
1252:Mythological caprids
608:Delicious in Dungeon
587:In the manga series
281:The Greek historian
1262:Mythological plants
1054:The Classical World
979:Lee, Henry (1887).
761:Lee, Henry (1887).
566:Cultural references
315:Odoric of Pordenone
313:The Minorite Friar
32:
1093:The Botanic Garden
1003:Schlegel, Gustav.
726:George Lewis Scott
657:Legendary creature
596:In the video game
453:The Botanic Garden
431:Engelbert Kaempfer
365:
279:
261:
207:, said to grow in
105:
61:Myth based on fact
42:
965:978-0-88192-630-9
944:Braggins, John E.
419:Cibotium barometz
270:Cibotium barometz
213:Agnus Vegetabilis
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16:(Redirected from
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742:on 25 March 2018
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626:Madou Monogatari
493:Joshua Sylvester
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303:אַדְנֵי הַשָׂדֵה
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217:Agnus Tartaricus
191:Ephraim Chambers
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169:Characteristics
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1147:Encyclopédie
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744:. Retrieved
740:the original
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581:Encyclopédie
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412:In 1698 Sir
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136:Central Asia
108:
106:
85:Central Asia
69:11th century
1109:p. 18.
1025:(1): 1–7 .
932:p. 12.
839:p. 11.
634:puzzle game
599:Odin Sphere
414:Hans Sloane
398:Caspian Sea
390:Renaissance
275:Hans Sloane
161:before the
1241:Categories
1202:Henry Lee.
989:8 December
950:Tree Ferns
916:2021-12-23
891:2018-05-18
824:p. 6.
812:p. 5.
793:2024-07-14
788:Roundtable
668:References
605:The manga
489:La Semaine
196:Cyclopædia
1107:Lee, 1887
1090:(1825) .
930:Lee, 1887
837:Lee, 1887
822:Lee, 1887
810:Lee, 1887
730:John Hill
639:Puyo Puyo
442:In poetry
296:,
283:Herodotus
244:Henry Lee
129:legendary
1153:27 March
1139:(1751).
946:(2004).
911:JHI Blog
746:25 March
706:26 March
696:(1658).
651:See also
450:'s work
339:sea silk
332:(1892),
242:(1887),
233:Boranetz
229:Borametz
225:Borometz
221:endonyms
205:zoophyte
132:zoophyte
58:Folklore
50:Grouping
18:Barometz
1223:to Sir
1213:at the
1074:4351440
1039:1545391
623:In the
424:rhizome
388:In the
209:Tartary
184:Boramez
142:as its
127:) is a
93:Forests
90:Habitat
1072:
1037:
962:
644:tomato
381:Friar
298:ידעוני
82:Region
1124:Probe
1070:JSTOR
1035:JSTOR
886:WIRED
144:fruit
140:sheep
113:Latin
53:Plant
1221:Note
1155:2018
991:2020
960:ISBN
748:2018
708:2018
294:ידוע
231:and
107:The
1174:hdl
1062:doi
1027:doi
956:360
630:RPG
446:In
341:.)
223:of
189:In
176:'s
134:of
121:or
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1056:.
1033:.
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1021:.
958:.
909:.
884:.
857:^
829:^
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786:.
728:;
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273:,
235:.
227:,
215:,
199:,
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186:.
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1029::
993:.
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894:.
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769:2
750:.
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