1462:)—is that, before the 19th century, Western scholars commonly understood that philosophical writing is not at home in any polity, no matter how liberal. Insofar as it questions conventional wisdom at its roots, philosophy must guard itself especially against those readers who believe themselves authoritative, wise, and liberal defenders of the status quo. In questioning established opinions, or in investigating the principles of morality, philosophers of old found it necessary to convey their messages in an oblique manner. Their "art of writing" was the art of esoteric communication. This was especially apparent in medieval times when heterodox political thinkers wrote under the threat of the
430:, was discovered in a cuneiform commentary on a medical text. However, the significance of cuneiform commentaries extends beyond the light they shed on specific details of Mesopotamian civilization. They shed light on what the concerns of the Mesopotamian literate elite were when they read some of the most widely studied texts in the Mesopotamian intellectual tradition, a perspective that is important for "seeing things their way." Finally, cuneiform commentaries are also the earliest examples of textual interpretation. It has been repeatedly argued that they influenced rabbinical exegesis.
1480:'s lead, Strauss indicates that medieval political philosophers, no less than their ancient counterparts, carefully adapted their wording to the dominant moral views of their time, lest their writings be condemned as heretical or unjust, not by "the many" (who did not read), but by those "few" whom the many regarded as the most righteous guardians of morality. It was precisely these righteous personalities who would be most inclined to persecute/ostracize anyone who was in the business of exposing the noble or great lie upon which the authority of the few over the many stands or falls.
1422:, arguing that serious writers write esoterically, that is, with multiple or layered meanings, often disguised within irony or paradox, obscure references, even deliberate self-contradiction. Esoteric writing serves several purposes: protecting the philosopher from the retribution of the regime, and protecting the regime from the corrosion of philosophy; it attracts the right kind of reader and repels the wrong kind; and ferreting out the interior message is in itself an exercise of philosophic reasoning.
1298:(the Writings) respectively. The intelligent reading and comprehension of the text, arrived at by a correct division of the sentences and words, formed the course of instruction in the Hebrew Bible. The scribes were also required to know the Targum, the Aramaic translation of the text. The Targum made possible an immediate comprehension of the text, but was continuously influenced by the exegesis taught in the schools.
5901:
3725:
890:("verse"). They are explained using reliable sources: other Verses of Holy Qur'an itself as some explain the other; the hadiths of the Holy Prophet, peace and blessing be upon him, as this Holy Quran was revealed on him; the narrations of the Holy Prophet's Companions as they were the main context and reason for the revelation of a specific Verse of the Holy Qur'an; and so on and so forth. Such an author of
3715:
1332:. However, the closest equivalent Iranian concept, zand, generally includes Pahlavi texts which were believed to derive from commentaries upon Avestan scripture, but whose extant form contains no Avestan passages. Zoroastrian exegesis differs from similar phenomena in many other religions in that it developed as part of a religious tradition which made little or no use of writing until well into the
1317:; it remains a subject of study today. Jews have centers for exegetic studies around the world, in each community: they consider exegesis an important tool for the understanding of scripture. Associated with the rabbinic text studies, such methodology is known to adopt a wide assortment of literary tools, in conjunction with meticulous, widespread engagement with classical exegetical literature.
956:
140:
43:
5595:
1393:
1349:. Since many 19th and 20th century works by Zoroastrians contain an element of exegesis, while on the other hand no exegetical literature in the strict sense of the word can be said to exist, the phenomenon of modern Zoroastrian exegesis as such will be discussed here, without detailed reference to individual texts.
1473:) and an esoteric, hidden one for the few (hoi oligoi), but that, through rhetorical stratagems including self-contradiction and hyperboles, these writers succeeded in conveying their proper meaning at the tacit heart of their writings—a heart or message irreducible to "the letter" or historical dimension of texts.
1253:
63a). Kahana's admission is characteristic of the centuries following the final redaction of the Talmud. The primary meaning is no longer considered, but it becomes more and more the fashion to interpret the text according to the meaning given to it in traditional literature. The ability and even the
1750:
The
Biblical Commission's Document "The Interpretation of the Bible in the Church" Text and Commentary; ed. Joseph A. Fitzmyer; Subsidia Biblica 18; Rome: Editrice Pontificio Istituto Bibllico, 1995. See esp. p. 26, "The historical-critical method is the indispensable method for the scientific study
1301:
The reading of the biblical text, which was combined with that of the Targum, served to widen the knowledge of the scholars learned in the first division of the national science. The scribes found the material for their discourses, which formed a part of the synagogue service, in the second division
1336:
era. This lengthy period of oral transmission has clearly helped to give the Middle
Persian Zand its characteristic shape and has, in a sense, limited its scope. Although the later tradition makes a formal distinction between "Gathic" (gāhānīg), "legal" (dādīg), and perhaps "ritual" (hādag-mānsrīg)
433:
The publication and interpretation of these texts began in the mid-19th century, with the discovery of the royal
Assyrian libraries at Nineveh, from which ca. 454 text commentaries have been recovered. The study of cuneiform commentaries is, however, far from complete. It is the subject of on-going
452:
Commentaries on Plato include a large corpus of literature, especially in the ancient and medieval world, to explain and clarify the works of Plato. Many
Platonist philosophers in the centuries following Plato sought to clarify and summarise his thoughts, but it was during the Roman era, that the
1443:
writing is the proper medium for philosophic learning: rather than displaying philosophers' thoughts superficially, classical and medieval philosophical texts guide their readers in thinking and learning independently of imparted knowledge. Thus, Strauss agrees with the
Socrates of the
425:
Cuneiform commentaries are important because they provide information about
Mesopotamian languages and culture that are not available elsewhere in the cuneiform record. To give but one example, the pronunciation of the cryptically written name of Gilgamesh, the hero of the
1448:, where the Greek indicates that, insofar as writing does not respond when questioned, good writing provokes questions in the reader—questions that orient the reader towards an understanding of problems the author thought about with utmost seriousness. Strauss thus, in
658:, is a branch of literary criticism that investigates the origins of ancient texts in order to understand "the world behind the text". This is done to discover the text's primitive or original meaning in its original historical context and its literal sense.
554:-by-pericope or verse-by-verse. Before the 20th century, a commentary would be written by a sole author, but in the recent period, a publishing board will commission a team of scholars to write a commentary, with each volume being divided out among them.
577:
from a secular point of view. However, each volume will inevitably lean toward the personal emphasis bias of its author, and within any commentaries there may be great variety in the depth, accuracy, and critical or theological strength of each volume.
1150:
endeavored not so much to seek the original meaning of the text as to find authority in a Hebrew Bible passage for established concepts and ideas, rules of conduct, and teachings, for which he wished to locate a foundation. The
250:
investigates the history and origins of the text, but exegesis may include the study of the historical and cultural backgrounds of the author, text, and original audience. Other analyses include classification of the type of
1179:, moral instruction, and sustenance for the thoughts and feelings of the present. The contrast between explanation of the literal sense and the Midrash, that did not follow the words, was recognized by the Tannaim and the
1257:
It was, therefore, providential that, just at the time when the
Midrash was paramount, the close study of the text of the Hebrew Bible, at least in one direction, was pursued with rare energy and perseverance by the
387:(modern day Iraq) in the first millennium BCE. Containing over 860 manuscripts, the majority of which date to 700–100 BCE, these commentaries explore numerous types of texts, including literary works (such as the
2220:, Walter de Gruyter, 2015, p. 39, "According to Robert Hunt, 'he Straussian hermeneutic ... sees the course of intellectual history as an ongoing conversation about important philosophical questions'."
550:
among the many authors who collaborate to write a full commentary. Each book's commentary generally consists of a background and introductory section, followed by detailed commentary of the book
632:
method that strives to discover the
Biblical author's original intended meaning in the text. It is the primary method of interpretation for many conservative Protestant exegetes who reject the
1384:. A scholarly text accompanies a creative work, such as a film, novel, poetry or other artistic output by the PhD candidate. Together, the two elements form the candidate's research thesis.
5279:
1234:
was formulated the important principle that the
Midrashic exegesis could not annul the primary sense. This principle subsequently became the watchword of commonsense Bible exegesis.
1274:, the fundamental part of the national science, was the subject of the primary instruction. It was also divided into the three historic groups of the books of the Hebrew Bible: the
395:). Most of them, however, comment on divination treatises, in particular treatises that predict the future from the appearance and movement of celestial bodies on the one hand (
2156:... a book containing much that is appreciably esoteric to any reader stated in a manner either so elusive or so challenging as to cause him to give up trying to understand it.
3761:
5811:
2641:
2289:
371:(to draw in), in the sense of an eisegetic commentator "importing" or "drawing in" their own subjective interpretations into the text, unsupported by the text itself.
1210:
exegesis distinguishes principally between the actual deduction of a thesis from a passage as a means of proving a point, and the use of such a passage as a mere
1175:, expounding the Bible not primarily in order to understand the documents of the past (although in some instances it is indeed the case), but to find religious
4560:
5633:
471:
A common published form of biblical exegesis is known as a Bible commentary and typically takes the form of a set of books, each of which is devoted to the
1416:
called for the first time for a reconsideration of the "distinction between exoteric (or public) and esoteric (or secret) teaching." In 1952 he published
886:. It explains those aspects of the Holy Qur’an that cannot be known by reason and logic such as the context of the revelation or abrogation of a specific
5821:
3688:
5839:
4843:
4713:
3699:
2179:
1373:(Free University of Brussels), put exegesis in a secular context, next to exegesis in a religious tradition. Secular exegesis is an element of the
3754:
5704:
5191:
4570:
4059:
2682:
367:), and adjectives are exegetic or exegetical (e.g., exegetical commentaries). In biblical exegesis, the opposite of exegesis (to draw out) is
1957:
1824:
1770:
1735:
4978:
4210:
2282:
860:
749:
694:
232:
works. In modern usage, exegesis can involve critical interpretations of virtually any text, including not just religious texts but also
5077:
4653:
678:
applies—that because of its divine authorship, the Bible has a "fuller meaning" than its human authors intended or could have foreseen.
647:), in contrast to the overwhelming reliance on historical-critical interpretation, often to the exclusion of all other hermeneutics, in
5816:
4165:
3747:
2574:
2110:
1725:
1418:
1158:
609:, formulated the principle of the three senses of Scripture (literal, moral and spiritual) from the Jewish method of interpretation (
5508:
4828:
3847:
3101:
2116:
1919:
1039:
606:
197:
126:
4928:
2002:
453:
Neoplatonists, in particular, wrote many commentaries on individual dialogues of Plato, many of which survive to the present day.
5626:
4813:
4803:
4411:
1899:
1368:
1053:
466:
2498:
3728:
3386:
3299:
2275:
1572:
1380:
At
Australian and British universities, the exegesis forms part of the required work for fine arts, including creative-writing
2264:
features paleographic works, translations, and publications of classical exegesis and offers a selection of books for readers.
681:
Rational exegesis bases its operation on the idea that the authors have their own inspiration (in this sense, synonymous with
5930:
5581:
5465:
5411:
977:
753:
383:
One of the early examples of exegesis, and one of the larger corpora of text commentaries from the ancient world, comes from
64:
1302:
of the several branches of the tradition. The Aggadah, the third of these branches, was the source material for the sermon.
557:
A single commentary will generally attempt to give a coherent and unified view on the Bible as a whole, for example, from a
1183:, although their idea of the literal meaning of a passage may not be allowed by more modern standards. The above-mentioned
5586:
4550:
3678:
3511:
3304:
3163:
3014:
1230:
exegesis. These two terms were later on destined to become important features in the history of Hebrew Bible exegesis. In
734:
685:), so their works are completely and utterly a product of the social environment and human intelligence of their authors.
625:
462:
5360:
4768:
4449:
3653:
1020:
107:
5619:
5528:
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5164:
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4085:
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1490:
225:
992:
79:
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4406:
4185:
4155:
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3939:
3027:
2692:
2657:
2453:
2142:
1911:
1325:
633:
966:
53:
5833:
5475:
5289:
5176:
4902:
4195:
4170:
4044:
4017:
3246:
2707:
973:
934:
765:
60:
31:
999:
86:
5401:
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4128:
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3364:
3294:
3115:
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Avestan texts, there appear to be no significant differences in approach between the Pahlavi commentary on the
1057:
618:
594:
5795:
5785:
5714:
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4488:
4421:
4180:
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3216:
3208:
2905:
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2687:
2672:
2537:
1455:
1152:
840:
773:
1469:
Strauss's argument is not that the medieval writers he studies reserved one exoteric meaning for the many (
5681:
5513:
5470:
5449:
5439:
5322:
4281:
4254:
4190:
3992:
3158:
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1006:
832:
93:
5845:
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4314:
4175:
4123:
4106:
4091:
4002:
3944:
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3892:
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3693:
3648:
3586:
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2779:
2624:
2614:
2599:
2557:
2547:
2169:
1857:
769:
716:
629:
447:
5269:
1262:, who set themselves to preserving and transmitting the pronunciation and correct reading of the text.
1226:" ("simple" or face value method) to designate the primary sense, contrasting it with the "Drash," the
1254:
desire for original investigation of the text succumbed to the overwhelming authority of the Midrash.
5904:
5827:
5444:
5434:
5302:
5186:
5181:
5104:
4963:
4743:
4610:
4590:
4319:
4039:
3987:
3929:
3795:
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3326:
3128:
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3003:
2987:
2972:
2952:
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2784:
2629:
2619:
2604:
2569:
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2532:
1987:
988:
929:
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682:
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648:
574:
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410:
that have survived to the present day, Mesopotamian text commentaries are written on clay tablets in
75:
1881:(ASSEHR), Volume 137, International Conference on Qur'an and Hadith Studies (ICQHS 2017), pp. 33-37.
5886:
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5375:
5206:
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4345:
4034:
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3241:
3120:
2789:
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2702:
2579:
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1597:
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1537:
1530:
1520:
1435:
1358:
1279:
1192:
1063:
532:
524:
415:
3714:
2065:"Evolution of the exegesis: the radical trajectory of the creative writing doctorate in Australia"
1765:(3rd ed., rev. and expanded. ed.). Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press. p. 78.
5866:
5790:
5765:
5671:
5656:
5317:
4923:
4913:
4873:
4758:
4748:
4698:
4683:
4640:
4111:
3969:
3949:
3770:
3658:
3616:
3526:
3491:
3231:
3133:
3075:
3037:
3032:
2868:
2858:
2634:
2584:
2375:
2335:
2147:
1655:
1557:
1505:
1397:
540:
520:
476:
3421:
3374:
3266:
2662:
396:
1452:, presents Maimonides "as a closet nonbeliever obfuscating his message for political reasons".
5925:
5760:
5734:
5426:
5274:
5226:
5218:
5087:
5082:
4727:
4688:
4658:
4523:
4469:
4439:
4416:
4383:
4220:
4215:
4054:
3718:
3596:
3581:
3454:
3251:
3221:
3198:
3178:
3080:
3070:
2997:
2826:
2816:
2609:
2397:
2317:
2106:
2020:
1963:
1953:
1915:
1895:
1820:
1766:
1731:
1542:
1515:
1374:
1362:
1238:
1188:
1122:, the collective body of Jewish laws, and exegesis of the written Law; and the non-legalistic
800:
704:
570:
562:
536:
516:
427:
419:
407:
392:
247:
2229:
5750:
5307:
5196:
5033:
4838:
4798:
4663:
4435:
4340:
4265:
4116:
3919:
3810:
3621:
3484:
3444:
3439:
3336:
3321:
2967:
2863:
2697:
2517:
2488:
2427:
2365:
2245:
1673:
1647:
1547:
1525:
720:
655:
508:
496:
411:
326:
278:
156:
882:, "interpretation") is the Arabic word for exegesis, commentary or explanation of the Holy
827:), is strongly concerned with textual exegesis, and consequently gave rise to the study of
388:
5775:
5755:
5691:
5563:
5558:
5538:
5327:
5312:
5201:
5169:
5140:
5092:
4703:
4630:
4585:
4291:
4271:
3872:
3628:
3611:
3566:
3556:
3501:
3474:
3411:
3406:
3391:
3316:
3052:
3042:
2677:
2667:
2468:
2345:
869:
777:
712:
512:
484:
434:
research by the small, international community of scholars who specialize in the field of
244:
can be used to distinguish studies of the Bible from other critical textual explanations.
2100:
1638:
Pollock, Sheldon (2009). "Future Philology? The Fate of a Soft Science in a Hard World".
5729:
5480:
5352:
5147:
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5099:
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4788:
4464:
4443:
4431:
4378:
4200:
4160:
4133:
3934:
3910:
3867:
3820:
3805:
3601:
3591:
3531:
3479:
3416:
3311:
3236:
3193:
3173:
2962:
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2799:
2493:
2483:
2478:
2402:
1891:
1510:
674:
637:
614:
528:
504:
500:
488:
252:
144:
2089:. Edited by Martin D. Yaffe and Richard S. Ruderman. New York: Palgrave, 2014, p. 275.
1245:
of the fourth century, that while at 18 years of age he had already learned the whole
1013:
100:
5919:
5724:
5709:
5661:
5365:
5231:
5028:
5018:
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4595:
4580:
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4513:
4503:
4498:
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3982:
3882:
3571:
3496:
3379:
3359:
3271:
3226:
2437:
1659:
1552:
724:
668:
the authors of the scriptural texts, and so the words of those texts convey a divine
210:
391:), medical treatises, magical texts, ancient dictionaries, and law collections (the
5876:
5699:
5548:
5518:
5236:
5023:
5013:
4605:
4368:
4301:
4276:
4241:
4149:
3997:
3887:
3862:
3516:
3506:
3469:
3459:
3449:
3341:
3256:
3188:
3085:
2749:
2473:
2422:
2064:
2060:
1982:
1562:
598:
587:
492:
2230:
Jew and Philosopher: The Return to Maimonides in the Jewish Thought of Leo Strauss
2218:
Reading between the lines – Leo Strauss and the history of early modern philosophy
1176:
400:
1433:, and pointing further back to Plato's discussion of writing as contained in the
5666:
5642:
5553:
5543:
5533:
5370:
5246:
5126:
4968:
4953:
4938:
4933:
4818:
4793:
4615:
4478:
4259:
4096:
3915:
3857:
3536:
3521:
3401:
3396:
2942:
2875:
2794:
2759:
2739:
2407:
1463:
1413:
1314:
1310:
1283:
955:
768:
have had reputations as centers of exegesis; in the US, the Divinity Schools of
662:
636:
to various degrees (from the complete rejection of historical criticism of some
547:
472:
435:
422:
on cuneiform scholarship, they often contain Sumerian words or phrases as well.
384:
139:
42:
1877:
See Izza Rohman, “Tafsir Al-Qur’an Bi Al-Qur’an as A Distinctive Methodology”,
1223:
5251:
5111:
4883:
4783:
4738:
4678:
4668:
4575:
4459:
4454:
4326:
4029:
3852:
3787:
3464:
3261:
3183:
3168:
2957:
2927:
2890:
2848:
2843:
2774:
2412:
1470:
1426:
1405:
1291:
1275:
1172:
1147:
1127:
1111:
844:
728:
669:
237:
233:
17:
1967:
1699:
Biblical Hermeneutics: A Comprehensive Introduction to Interpreting Scripture
5594:
5385:
5119:
5072:
4983:
4958:
4948:
4853:
4833:
4673:
4555:
4426:
4309:
4205:
4138:
3606:
3331:
3153:
2982:
2947:
2932:
2895:
2312:
1907:
1587:
1500:
1495:
1430:
1401:
1381:
1259:
1231:
1227:
1118:, which also forms an object of analysis. It comprises the legal and ritual
1103:
828:
708:
566:
368:
2248:: Extensive bibliography for biblical exegesis provided by Tyndale Seminary
1458:
argument—rearticulated throughout his subsequent writings (most notably in
883:
640:
Protestants to the moderated acceptance of it in the Catholic Church since
479:. Long books or those that contain much material either for theological or
2039:"Centre interdisciplinaire d'étude des religions et de la laïcité – CIERL"
822:
816:
810:
804:
5881:
4943:
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4286:
4225:
4007:
3673:
3148:
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3090:
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2734:
2726:
2417:
2392:
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2174:
1333:
1295:
1214:
device—a distinction that was also made in a different form later in the
1211:
1139:
644:
558:
551:
1237:
How little it was known or recognized may be seen from the admission of
5332:
5261:
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4868:
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4600:
4508:
4049:
3902:
2922:
2833:
2754:
2744:
2387:
2340:
1396:
Strauss's study of philosophy and political discourses produced by the
1246:
1242:
1219:
1215:
1207:
1184:
1180:
1143:
1123:
1119:
1099:
1075:
1067:
980: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
796:
610:
399:), and from the appearance of a sacrificed sheep's liver on the other (
256:
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1392:
654:
Historical criticism, also known as the historical-critical method or
228:
of a text. The term is traditionally applied to the interpretation of
4483:
4351:
3739:
2992:
2885:
2764:
2328:
1854:"al-Baydawi's "Anwar al-Tanzil wa Asrar al-Ta'wil" with Frontispiece"
1592:
1582:
1338:
1329:
1306:
1271:
1107:
1071:
865:
856:
836:
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602:
260:
2046:
1651:
495:, may be multiple- or single-volume, while short books such as the
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2251:
1935:
1853:
1391:
1287:
1115:
546:
The form of each book may be identical or allow for variations in
229:
138:
1904:
The Cambridge History of the Bible: From the Beginnings to Jerome
1195:: "Truly, you say to Scripture, 'Be silent while I am expounding!
5719:
4249:
2350:
1567:
1250:
1249:, he had only heard of that principle a great many years later (
738:
641:
414:. Text commentaries are written in the East Semitic language of
5615:
5050:
5000:
4900:
4725:
3743:
2271:
5611:
2432:
2261:
1786:
1618:
1408:—was instrumental in the development of his theory of reading.
949:
356:
350:
302:
180:
36:
1991:. Vol. IX, Fasc. 2. Costa Mesa: Mazda. pp. 113–116.
1879:
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research
314:
219:
213:
2085:"Exoteric Teaching" (Critical Edition by Hannes Kerber). In
1950:
Mikra & meaning: studies in Bible and its interpretation
1841:
The Denotation of Generic Terms in Ancient Indian Philosophy
491:, may be split over two or three volumes. Some, such as the
332:
284:
162:
1684:
Watson E. Mills, Roger Aubrey Bullard, Edgar V. McKnight,
1439:, Strauss proposed that the classical and medieval art of
347:
299:
177:
1305:
Jewish exegesis did not finish with the redaction of the
341:
293:
186:
171:
2256:
1126:, a compendium of Rabbinic homilies of the parts of the
406:
As with the majority of the thousands of texts from the
1062:
Traditional Jewish forms of exegesis appear throughout
418:, but due to the influence of lexical lists written in
1712:
Dictionary for Theological Interpretation of the Bible
590:, biblical exegeses have relied on various doctrines.
240:, or virtually any other genre of writing. The phrase
764:
For more than a century, German universities such as
359:
353:
338:
335:
329:
290:
287:
281:
198:
189:
183:
168:
165:
159:
2246:
Biblical Interpretation and Application Reading Room
1948:
Helfgot, Nathaniel (2012). "Author's Introduction".
1156:
1079:
919:
907:
895:
877:
839:"speech" as indivisible unity of sound and meaning (
305:
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5690:
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3013:
2725:
2650:
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2446:
2374:
2305:
2140:Mansfield, Harvey (1975). "Strauss's Machiavelli".
344:
296:
174:
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1896:"Bible and Midrash: Early Old Testament Exegesis"
1688:, Mercer University Press, USA, 1990, p. 372-375
1328:consists basically of the interpretation of the
787:is an example of Protestant Christian exegesis.
1761:Soulen, Richard N.; Soulen, R. Kendall (2001).
1674:Akkadian Commentaries and Early Hebrew Exegesis
1286:, called in traditional Hebrew attribution the
699:Catholic centres of biblical exegesis include:
569:) perspective, or a commentary that focuses on
1171:Midrash exegesis was largely in the nature of
224:, "to lead out") is a critical explanation or
5627:
3755:
2283:
1819:. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Francis Asbury Press.
1701:, B&H Publishing Group, USA, 2002, p. 102
1163:is defined as finding hints for a given law.
672:. In this view of exegesis, the principle of
8:
2069:Text: Journal of Writing and Writing Courses
1366:
1085:
938:in Arabic and Mufti Ahmad Yar Khan Naeemi's
913:
901:
1110:(Hebrew Bible), a biblical exegesis of the
1078:literature. Jewish exegetes have the title
5822:Creation and evolution in public education
5634:
5620:
5612:
5060:
5047:
4997:
4897:
4722:
4718:
4022:
3840:
3783:
3762:
3748:
3740:
3111:
2522:
2380:
2290:
2276:
2268:
1952:. Jerusalem: Maggid Books. p. xxiii.
1697:Bruce Corley, Steve Lemke, Grant Lovejoy,
1309:, but continued during ancient times, the
3689:Relationship between religion and science
2003:"Ecole pratique des hautes études (EPHE)"
1839:see also chapter 3.2 in Peter M. Scharf,
1730:. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House.
1114:and its paragraphs related to the Law or
1040:Learn how and when to remove this message
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
5840:Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District
2128:excerpt entitled "Why Strauss, Why Now?"
1624:). See T. G. Pinches, "Exit Gišṭubar!",
271:One who practices exegesis is called an
2087:Reorientation: Leo Strauss in the 1930s
1714:, Baker Academic, USA, 2005, p. 283-284
1610:
924:). To see a glimpse of the richness of
5705:Allegorical interpretations of Genesis
5192:Conditional preservation of the saints
2615:Proper basis and Reformed epistemology
2201:Jewish Philosophy: Medieval and Modern
1425:Taking his bearings from his study of
1341:and those on dādīg texts, such as the
1222:were the first to use the expression "
255:presented in the text and analysis of
719:. The school became embroiled in the
661:Revealed exegesis considers that the
601:. In the 3rd century, the theologian
543:are often condensed into one volume.
7:
2199:Michael Paley and Jacob J. Staub in
1357:Several universities, including the
978:adding citations to reliable sources
861:Esoteric interpretation of the Quran
695:Roman Catholic theology of Scripture
375:is often used as a derogatory term.
65:adding citations to reliable sources
5078:Christian views on the Old Covenant
1086:
914:
902:
873:
2205:The Schocken Guide to Jewish Books
1727:Evangelical Dictionary of Theology
1626:The Babylonian and Oriental Record
1450:Persecution and the Art of Writing
1419:Persecution and the Art of Writing
25:
5509:Attributes of God in Christianity
2168:Damon Linker (October 31, 2014).
1751:of the meaning of ancient texts."
1191:said, rejecting an exposition of
1106:teachings or commentaries on the
752:through teaching and through the
607:Catechetical School of Alexandria
5900:
5899:
5593:
3724:
3723:
3713:
2170:"What if Leo Strauss was Right?"
1466:or comparably obtuse tribunals.
1054:Jewish commentaries on the Bible
954:
467:Jewish commentaries on the Bible
325:
277:
155:
41:
27:Critical investigation of a text
2182:from the original on 2014-11-03
2119:from the original on 2020-11-09
2105:. University of Chicago Press.
1983:"EXEGESIS i. In Zoroastrianism"
1981:Kreyenbroek, Philip G. (1999).
1573:Literal and figurative language
1347:Hērbedestān and the Nērangestān
965:needs additional citations for
52:needs additional citations for
5817:Creation–evolution controversy
5582:Lists of Christian theologians
5280:Separation of church and state
2257:Cuneiform Commentaries Project
1802:Handbook of Biblical Criticism
1763:Handbook of biblical criticism
1686:Mercer Dictionary of the Bible
754:Pontifical Biblical Commission
597:is a concept used in biblical
1:
5587:Outline of Christian theology
4551:History of Christian theology
1787:"Journal of Higher Criticism"
1369:Université Libre de Bruxelles
735:Pontifical Biblical Institute
626:historical-grammatical method
463:List of Biblical commentaries
319:), the plural of exegesis is
263:features in the text itself.
5361:Baptism with the Holy Spirit
3654:Desacralization of knowledge
5529:Love of God in Christianity
5397:Christian reconstructionism
5165:Priesthood of all believers
4086:extra Ecclesiam nulla salus
3066:Best of all possible worlds
3023:Eschatological verification
2580:Fine-tuning of the universe
1800:Soulen, Richard N. (2001).
1491:Allegory in the Middle Ages
1290:(the Law or Teaching), the
1157:
1080:
920:
908:
896:
878:
823:
821:("posterior" inquiry, also
817:
811:
805:
389:Babylonian Epic of Creation
5947:
5677:Genesis creation narrative
1912:Cambridge University Press
1815:Traina, Robert A. (1985).
1724:Elwell, Walter A. (1984).
1051:
854:
692:
634:historical-critical method
460:
445:
315:
220:
214:
29:
5895:
5834:Kansas evolution hearings
5577:
5059:
5046:
5009:
4996:
4909:
4896:
4734:
4721:
4561:Calvinist–Arminian debate
4025:
3843:
3709:
2383:
2216:Winfried Schröder (ed.),
723:, and had to curtail its
379:Mesopotamian commentaries
32:Exegesis (disambiguation)
5298:Confessional Lutheranism
3295:Friedrich Schleiermacher
2881:Theories about religions
2683:Inconsistent revelations
1804:. John Knox. p. 79.
1478:Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
1218:schools. The Babylonian
1130:not connected with Law.
1058:Pardes (Jewish exegesis)
783:Robert A. Traina's book
619:Epistle to the Galatians
595:four senses of Scripture
5796:Young Earth creationism
5786:Progressive creationism
5715:Genesis flood narrative
5160:Protestant ecclesiology
4903:Eastern Orthodox Church
1902:; Evans, C. F. (eds.).
1628:, vol. 4, p. 264, 1889.
1456:Strauss's hermeneutical
1294:(the Prophets) and the
1153:talmudical hermeneutics
841:signifier and signified
809:("prior" inquiry, also
727:activities until after
711:founded in 1890 by the
5682:History of creationism
5514:Christian universalism
5450:Wesleyan Quadrilateral
5440:Imparted righteousness
5323:Lutheran scholasticism
5177:Protestant Soteriology
3159:Gaunilo of Marmoutiers
2299:Philosophy of religion
2252:JewishEncyclopedia.com
2099:Smith, Steven (2007).
1817:Methodical Bible Study
1409:
1367:
833:philosophy of language
785:Methodical Bible Study
147:
5931:Religious terminology
5846:Teach the Controversy
5781:Old Earth creationism
5524:Grace in Christianity
5338:Theology of the Cross
4779:Immaculate Conception
4474:New Covenant theology
3893:Social trinitarianism
3694:Faith and rationality
3649:Criticism of religion
3587:Robert Merrihew Adams
3577:Nicholas Wolterstorff
2780:Divine command theory
1858:World Digital Library
1476:Explicitly following
1400:—especially those of
1395:
1066:, which includes the
717:Marie-Joseph Lagrange
483:speculation, such as
457:Biblical commentaries
448:Commentaries on Plato
442:Commentaries on Plato
142:
5905:Category:Creationism
5828:Edwards v. Aguillard
5445:Second work of grace
5435:Christian perfection
5303:Evangelical Catholic
5187:Conditional election
5105:Evangelical theology
4744:Apostolic succession
4060:Conditional Security
3684:Religious philosophy
3164:Pico della Mirandola
3129:Anselm of Canterbury
3061:Augustinian theodicy
2973:Religious skepticism
2306:Concepts in religion
1988:Encyclopedia Iranica
1914:. pp. 199–231.
1710:Kevin J. Vanhoozer,
1398:Islamic civilization
1353:In a secular context
1326:Zoroastrian exegesis
1102:is a compilation of
974:improve this article
746:Gregorian University
741:, a division of the
683:artistic inspiration
649:liberal Christianity
575:historical criticism
143:A Bible open to the
61:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
5887:Omphalos hypothesis
5872:Biblical literalism
5862:Anthropic principle
5771:Islamic creationism
5600:Christianity portal
5569:Unlimited atonement
5376:Prosperity theology
5207:Unlimited atonement
4919:Cataphatic theology
4824:Papal infallibility
4769:Ecumenical Councils
4621:Counter-Reformation
3669:History of religion
3370:Friedrich Nietzsche
3247:Gottfried W Leibniz
3242:Nicolas Malebranche
3174:King James VI and I
2454:Abrahamic religions
2102:Reading Leo Strauss
1598:Typology (theology)
1578:Narrative criticism
1538:Biblical literalism
1531:Tradition criticism
1521:Redaction criticism
1412:In the late 1930s,
1193:Eliezer b. Hyrcanus
1134:Halakha and Aggadah
1090:, "commentators").
1064:rabbinic literature
928:in Islam, refer to
533:Epistle of Jeremiah
525:Additions to Esther
481:historical-critical
5867:Biblical inerrancy
5791:Theistic evolution
5766:Intelligent design
5672:Creationist museum
5657:Biblical cosmology
5412:Lordship salvation
5318:Lutheran orthodoxy
5270:Believer's baptism
5003:Oriental Orthodoxy
4914:Apophatic theology
4874:Transubstantiation
4759:Christian humanism
4749:Assumption of Mary
3771:Christian theology
3679:Religious language
3659:Ethics in religion
3617:William Lane Craig
3492:Charles Hartshorne
3232:Desiderius Erasmus
3134:Augustine of Hippo
3076:Inconsistent triad
3038:Apophatic theology
3033:Logical positivism
3015:Religious language
2635:Watchmaker analogy
2600:Necessary existent
2376:Conceptions of God
2336:Intelligent design
1558:Gloss (annotation)
1506:Biblical criticism
1410:
1388:Straussian reading
1142:as well as in the
815:), in contrast to
541:Johannine epistles
521:Bel and the Dragon
477:books of the Bible
148:
5913:
5912:
5761:Hindu creationism
5735:Ussher chronology
5609:
5608:
5497:
5496:
5493:
5492:
5489:
5488:
5476:Messianic Judaism
5275:Immersion baptism
5227:Anglo-Catholicism
5088:Dispensationalism
5083:Covenant theology
5042:
5041:
5034:Aphthartodocetism
4992:
4991:
4892:
4891:
4537:
4536:
4417:Dispensationalism
4384:Church discipline
4236:
4235:
4216:Union with Christ
3988:Angelic hierarchy
3964:
3963:
3737:
3736:
3637:
3636:
3597:Peter van Inwagen
3582:Richard Swinburne
3527:George I Mavrodes
3387:Vladimir Solovyov
3327:Søren Kierkegaard
3252:William Wollaston
3199:William of Ockham
3179:Marcion of Sinope
3081:Irenaean theodicy
3071:Euthyphro dilemma
2998:Transcendentalism
2827:Womanist theology
2817:Feminist theology
2721:
2720:
2512:
2511:
2398:Divine simplicity
2318:Euthyphro dilemma
1959:978-1-61329-001-9
1938:on Lev. xiii. 49)
1826:978-0-310-31230-7
1772:978-0-664-22314-4
1737:978-0-8010-3413-8
1543:Biblical software
1516:Radical criticism
1404:(shown here) and
1375:study of religion
1363:Leiden University
1189:Ishmael b. Elisha
1050:
1049:
1042:
1024:
801:Indian philosophy
791:Indian philosophy
750:Catholic exegesis
748:, has influenced
571:textual criticism
517:Prayer of Azariah
428:Epic of Gilgamesh
420:Sumerian language
408:ancient Near East
393:Code of Hammurabi
248:Textual criticism
242:Biblical exegesis
137:
136:
129:
111:
16:(Redirected from
5938:
5903:
5902:
5751:Creation science
5636:
5629:
5622:
5613:
5597:
5389:
5197:Prevenient grace
5061:
5048:
4998:
4929:Essence–energies
4898:
4839:Quartodecimanism
4723:
4719:
4631:Great Awakenings
4266:Incurvatus in se
4023:
3920:Hypostatic union
3841:
3811:Biblical studies
3784:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3741:
3727:
3726:
3717:
3622:Ali Akbar Rashad
3485:Reinhold Niebuhr
3445:Bertrand Russell
3440:George Santayana
3337:Albrecht Ritschl
3322:Ludwig Feuerbach
3112:
3108:(by date active)
2968:Process theology
2713:Russell's teapot
2523:
2518:Existence of God
2428:Process theology
2381:
2366:Theological veto
2329:religious belief
2292:
2285:
2278:
2269:
2233:
2227:
2221:
2214:
2208:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2143:Political Theory
2137:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2124:
2096:
2090:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2045:. Archived from
2035:
2029:
2028:
2017:
2011:
2010:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1945:
1939:
1932:
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1742:
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1721:
1715:
1708:
1702:
1695:
1689:
1682:
1676:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1640:Critical Inquiry
1635:
1629:
1615:
1548:Biblical studies
1526:Source criticism
1460:The City and Man
1372:
1198:
1162:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1045:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1025:
1023:
982:
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923:
917:
916:
911:
905:
904:
899:
881:
875:
835:. Its notion of
826:
820:
814:
808:
803:, also known as
721:modernist crisis
656:higher criticism
605:, a graduate of
593:The doctrine of
497:deuterocanonical
412:cuneiform script
366:
365:
362:
361:
358:
355:
352:
349:
346:
343:
340:
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5939:
5937:
5936:
5935:
5916:
5915:
5914:
5909:
5891:
5850:
5800:
5776:Neo-creationism
5756:Gap creationism
5739:
5692:Book of Genesis
5686:
5645:
5640:
5610:
5605:
5573:
5564:Problem of Hell
5559:Problem of evil
5539:Omnibenevolence
5485:
5454:
5421:
5387:
5380:
5347:
5328:Neo-Lutheranism
5313:Loci Theologici
5284:
5256:
5213:
5202:Total depravity
5170:Church covenant
5141:Soli Deo gloria
5093:Supersessionism
5055:
5038:
5005:
4988:
4905:
4888:
4730:
4728:Catholic Church
4708:
4635:
4586:Semipelagianism
4533:
4444:A-millennialism
4393:
4296:
4292:Total depravity
4272:Occasion of sin
4232:
4012:
3960:
3897:
3873:Theology proper
3830:
3773:
3768:
3738:
3733:
3705:
3633:
3629:Alexander Pruss
3612:Jean-Luc Marion
3567:Alvin Plantinga
3562:Dewi Z Phillips
3549:
3547:
3541:
3512:Walter Kaufmann
3502:Frithjof Schuon
3475:Rudolf Bultmann
3432:
3426:
3422:Joseph Maréchal
3412:Pavel Florensky
3407:Sergei Bulgakov
3392:Ernst Troeltsch
3375:Harald Høffding
3352:
3346:
3317:William Whewell
3305:Georg W F Hegel
3300:Karl C F Krause
3287:
3281:
3277:Johann G Herder
3267:Baron d'Holbach
3217:Augustin Calmet
3203:
3119:
3107:
3106:
3103:
3095:
3053:Problem of evil
3047:
3043:Verificationism
3009:
2717:
2663:Atheist's Wager
2646:
2508:
2442:
2370:
2346:Problem of evil
2301:
2296:
2262:en.exegetes.org
2242:
2237:
2236:
2228:
2224:
2215:
2211:
2198:
2194:
2185:
2183:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2122:
2120:
2113:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2084:
2080:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1960:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1933:
1929:
1922:
1906:. Vol. 1.
1890:
1889:
1885:
1876:
1872:
1862:
1860:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1838:
1834:
1827:
1814:
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1809:
1799:
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1760:
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1745:
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1679:
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1637:
1636:
1632:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1486:
1390:
1355:
1323:
1268:
1241:, a Babylonian
1205:
1196:
1169:
1136:
1096:
1060:
1052:Main articles:
1046:
1035:
1029:
1026:
983:
981:
971:
959:
948:
863:
855:Main articles:
853:
847:(7th century).
793:
780:became famous.
762:
713:Dominican order
697:
691:
628:is a Christian
584:
513:Book of Susanna
469:
459:
450:
444:
397:Enūma Anu Enlil
381:
328:
324:
280:
276:
269:
253:literary genres
203:
199:
158:
154:
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5944:
5942:
5934:
5933:
5928:
5918:
5917:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5907:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5890:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5858:
5856:
5852:
5851:
5849:
5848:
5843:
5836:
5831:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5808:
5806:
5802:
5801:
5799:
5798:
5793:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5747:
5745:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5737:
5732:
5730:Tower of Babel
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5696:
5694:
5688:
5687:
5685:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5653:
5651:
5647:
5646:
5641:
5639:
5638:
5631:
5624:
5616:
5607:
5606:
5604:
5603:
5590:
5589:
5584:
5578:
5575:
5574:
5572:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5505:
5503:
5499:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5487:
5486:
5484:
5483:
5481:Restorationism
5478:
5473:
5468:
5462:
5460:
5456:
5455:
5453:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5431:
5429:
5423:
5422:
5420:
5419:
5417:Predestination
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5393:
5391:
5382:
5381:
5379:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5357:
5355:
5353:Pentecostalist
5349:
5348:
5346:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5294:
5292:
5286:
5285:
5283:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5266:
5264:
5258:
5257:
5255:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5223:
5221:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5211:
5210:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5174:
5173:
5172:
5167:
5157:
5155:Fundamentalism
5152:
5148:Solus Christus
5144:
5137:
5134:Sola scriptura
5130:
5123:
5109:
5108:
5107:
5100:Evangelicalism
5097:
5096:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5075:
5069:
5067:
5057:
5056:
5051:
5044:
5043:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5010:
5007:
5006:
5001:
4994:
4993:
4990:
4989:
4987:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4910:
4907:
4906:
4901:
4894:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4886:
4881:
4879:Ultramontanism
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4789:Infant baptism
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4764:Traditionalism
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4735:
4732:
4731:
4726:
4716:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4645:
4643:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4547:
4545:
4539:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4467:
4465:Apocalypticism
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4432:Millenarianism
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4403:
4401:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4379:Full communion
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4360:
4359:
4349:
4343:
4338:
4336:Congregational
4329:
4324:
4323:
4322:
4317:
4306:
4304:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4246:
4244:
4238:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4201:Sanctification
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4171:Reconciliation
4168:
4166:Recapitulation
4163:
4161:Predestination
4158:
4153:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4134:Means of grace
4131:
4126:
4121:
4120:
4119:
4114:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4026:
4020:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3974:
3972:
3966:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3953:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3935:Christocentric
3932:
3927:
3922:
3913:
3907:
3905:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3868:Theocentricism
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3844:
3838:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3823:
3821:Law and Gospel
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3792:
3790:
3781:
3775:
3774:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3759:
3752:
3744:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3731:
3721:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3645:
3643:
3642:Related topics
3639:
3638:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3625:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3602:Daniel Dennett
3599:
3594:
3592:Ravi Zacharias
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3557:William L Rowe
3553:
3551:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3534:
3532:William Alston
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3480:Gabriel Marcel
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3436:
3434:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3424:
3419:
3417:Ernst Cassirer
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3356:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3312:Thomas Carlyle
3308:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3237:Baruch Spinoza
3234:
3229:
3224:
3222:René Descartes
3219:
3213:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3194:Thomas Aquinas
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3125:
3123:
3109:
3100:
3097:
3096:
3094:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3057:
3055:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3019:
3017:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3007:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2963:Possibilianism
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2839:Fundamentalism
2836:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2824:
2814:
2813:
2812:
2807:
2800:Existentialism
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2731:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2693:Noncognitivism
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2642:Transcendental
2639:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2610:Pascal's wager
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2555:
2545:
2540:
2538:Christological
2535:
2529:
2527:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2384:
2378:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2320:
2315:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2287:
2280:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2241:
2240:External links
2238:
2235:
2234:
2222:
2209:
2207:(1992) p. 215.
2192:
2160:
2132:
2112:978-0226763897
2111:
2091:
2078:
2052:
2049:on 2007-11-12.
2030:
2012:
1994:
1973:
1958:
1940:
1927:
1920:
1900:Ackroyd, P. R.
1883:
1870:
1845:
1832:
1825:
1807:
1792:
1778:
1771:
1753:
1743:
1736:
1716:
1703:
1690:
1677:
1665:
1652:10.1086/599594
1646:(4): 931–961.
1630:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
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1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1511:Form criticism
1503:
1498:
1493:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1389:
1386:
1354:
1351:
1322:
1321:Zoroastrianism
1319:
1267:
1264:
1204:
1201:
1168:
1165:
1146:exegesis, the
1135:
1132:
1095:
1092:
1048:
1047:
962:
960:
953:
947:
944:
852:
849:
824:Brahma-Mīmāṃsā
818:Uttara Mīmāṃsā
792:
789:
761:
758:
757:
756:
731:
705:École Biblique
690:
687:
675:sensus plenior
638:fundamentalist
615:Paul of Tarsus
583:
580:
475:of one or two
458:
455:
443:
440:
380:
377:
268:
265:
226:interpretation
145:Book of Isaiah
135:
134:
117:September 2022
49:
47:
40:
26:
24:
18:Bible exegesis
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5943:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5923:
5921:
5906:
5898:
5897:
5894:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5859:
5857:
5853:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5841:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5829:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5809:
5807:
5805:Controversies
5803:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5748:
5746:
5742:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5710:Flood geology
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5697:
5695:
5693:
5689:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5662:Creation myth
5660:
5658:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5648:
5644:
5637:
5632:
5630:
5625:
5623:
5618:
5617:
5614:
5602:
5601:
5596:
5592:
5591:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5579:
5576:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5506:
5504:
5500:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5463:
5461:
5457:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5432:
5430:
5428:
5424:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5394:
5392:
5390:
5383:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5366:Faith healing
5364:
5362:
5359:
5358:
5356:
5354:
5350:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5287:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5263:
5259:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5242:Center church
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5232:Branch theory
5230:
5228:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5220:
5216:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5179:
5178:
5175:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5162:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5150:
5149:
5145:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5136:
5135:
5131:
5129:
5128:
5124:
5122:
5121:
5116:
5115:
5110:
5106:
5103:
5102:
5101:
5098:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5080:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5070:
5068:
5066:
5062:
5058:
5054:
5053:Protestantism
5049:
5045:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5029:Monothelitism
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5019:Monophysitism
5017:
5015:
5012:
5011:
5008:
5004:
4999:
4995:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4911:
4908:
4904:
4899:
4895:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4849:Sacerdotalism
4847:
4845:
4844:Real presence
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4736:
4733:
4729:
4724:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4711:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4646:
4644:
4642:
4638:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4596:Scholasticism
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4581:Caesaropapism
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4566:Apostolic Age
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
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4529:War in Heaven
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4514:Second Coming
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4504:New Jerusalem
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4499:Millennialism
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4494:Last Judgment
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4144:Mortification
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4129:Justification
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2543:Consciousness
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2438:Unmoved mover
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2433:Supreme Being
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2061:Krauth, Nigel
2056:
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2026:
2025:leidenuniv.nl
2022:
2021:"Organisatie"
2016:
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1553:Close reading
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1033:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1001:
998:
994:
991: –
990:
986:
985:Find sources:
979:
975:
969:
968:
963:This section
961:
957:
952:
951:
945:
943:
941:
940:Tafsir Naeemi
937:
936:
931:
927:
922:
910:
898:
893:
889:
885:
880:
871:
867:
862:
858:
850:
848:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
825:
819:
813:
812:Karma-Mīmāṃsā
807:
806:Pūrva Mīmāṃsā
802:
798:
790:
788:
786:
781:
779:
775:
771:
767:
759:
755:
751:
747:
744:
740:
736:
732:
730:
726:
725:New Testament
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
701:
700:
696:
688:
686:
684:
679:
677:
676:
671:
667:
664:
659:
657:
652:
650:
646:
643:
639:
635:
631:
630:hermeneutical
627:
622:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
591:
589:
581:
579:
576:
572:
568:
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417:
413:
409:
404:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
378:
376:
374:
370:
364:
322:
313:; from Greek
310:
274:
266:
264:
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258:
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245:
243:
239:
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231:
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212:
208:
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152:
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131:
128:
120:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
5877:Created kind
5838:
5826:
5700:Adam and Eve
5598:
5549:Omnipresence
5519:Divine mercy
5343:Two kingdoms
5237:Broad church
5146:
5139:
5132:
5125:
5118:
5113:
5024:Monoenergism
5014:Miaphysitism
4714:By tradition
4654:Biblical law
4606:Conciliarism
4472: /
4442: /
4438: /
4369:Conciliarity
4346:Presbyterian
4302:Ecclesiology
4277:Original sin
4264:
4255:Anthropology
4242:Hamartiology
4191:Resurrection
4181:Regeneration
4156:Perseverance
4150:Ordo salutis
4148:
4112:Irresistible
4084:
4080:Eternal life
4070:Divinization
3945:Resurrection
3888:Perichoresis
3878:Immutability
3863:Pneumatology
3826:Hermeneutics
3815:
3801:Preservation
3698:
3663:
3517:Martin Lings
3470:Emil Brunner
3460:Paul Tillich
3450:Martin Buber
3365:W K Clifford
3342:Afrikan Spir
3257:Thomas Chubb
3209:Early modern
3189:Adi Shankara
3102:Philosophers
3086:Natural evil
3002:
2978:Spiritualism
2953:Perennialism
2906:Metaphysical
2750:Antireligion
2625:Teleological
2548:Cosmological
2499:Baháʼí Faith
2464:Christianity
2423:Personal god
2225:
2217:
2212:
2204:
2200:
2195:
2184:. Retrieved
2173:
2163:
2155:
2141:
2135:
2127:
2121:. Retrieved
2101:
2094:
2086:
2081:
2072:
2068:
2055:
2047:the original
2042:
2033:
2024:
2015:
2006:
1997:
1986:
1976:
1949:
1943:
1930:
1903:
1892:Vermes, Géza
1886:
1878:
1873:
1861:. Retrieved
1848:
1840:
1835:
1816:
1810:
1801:
1795:
1781:
1762:
1756:
1746:
1726:
1719:
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1706:
1698:
1693:
1685:
1680:
1668:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1625:
1619:
1613:
1563:Gymnobiblism
1475:
1468:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1445:
1440:
1434:
1424:
1417:
1411:
1379:
1356:
1346:
1342:
1324:
1304:
1300:
1269:
1256:
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1206:
1170:
1137:
1097:
1061:
1036:
1027:
1017:
1010:
1003:
996:
984:
972:Please help
967:verification
964:
939:
935:Tafsir Kabir
933:
925:
891:
887:
864:
843:) is due to
794:
784:
782:
763:
698:
680:
673:
660:
653:
623:
599:hermeneutics
592:
588:Christianity
585:
582:Christianity
556:
545:
499:portions of
493:Four Gospels
470:
451:
432:
424:
405:
382:
372:
320:
272:
270:
246:
241:
150:
149:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
5667:Creationism
5643:Creationism
5554:Omniscience
5544:Omnipotence
5534:Love of God
5388:(Calvinist)
5371:Glossolalia
5247:High church
5127:Sola gratia
4969:Tabor Light
4954:Proskynesis
4939:Metousiosis
4934:Gnomic will
4819:Natural law
4794:Josephology
4784:Indulgences
4649:Apologetics
4616:Reformation
4611:Renaissance
4524:Tribulation
4407:Historicism
4399:Eschatology
4097:Forgiveness
4018:Soteriology
3956:Holy Spirit
3940:Incarnation
3858:Christology
3796:Inspiration
3537:Antony Flew
3522:Peter Geach
3455:René Guénon
3402:Lev Shestov
3397:Rudolf Otto
3104:of religion
2943:Panentheism
2876:Inclusivism
2795:Exclusivism
2790:Esotericism
2760:Creationism
2740:Agnosticism
2708:Poor design
2703:Omnipotence
2630:Natural law
2605:Ontological
2558:Contingency
2408:Holy Spirit
2007:sorbonne.fr
1863:28 February
1464:Inquisition
1414:Leo Strauss
1315:Renaissance
1311:Middle Ages
1284:Hagiographa
1177:edification
663:Holy Spirit
621:chapter 4.
548:methodology
436:Assyriology
385:Mesopotamia
261:syntactical
257:grammatical
209:; from the
5920:Categories
5725:Noah's Ark
5471:Anabaptism
5407:Free Grace
5252:Low church
4884:Veneration
4829:Priesthood
4739:Absolution
4679:Missiology
4669:Homiletics
4591:Iconoclasm
4576:Patristics
4543:Historical
4519:Soul sleep
4460:Apocalypse
4455:Antichrist
4357:Historical
4327:Missiology
4315:Confession
4186:Repentance
4176:Redemption
4124:Imputation
4117:Prevenient
4065:Conversion
4030:Absolution
3853:Paterology
3848:Attributes
3779:Systematic
3507:J L Mackie
3465:Karl Barth
3262:David Hume
3184:Maimonides
3169:Heraclitus
2958:Polytheism
2928:Nondualism
2916:Humanistic
2901:Naturalism
2891:Monotheism
2849:Henotheism
2844:Gnosticism
2775:Demonology
2658:747 gambit
2575:Experience
2413:Misotheism
2186:2014-11-04
2123:2006-09-20
1617:BM 54595 (
1605:References
1471:hoi polloi
1427:Maimonides
1406:Maimonides
1382:doctorates
1365:, and the
1361:in Paris,
1282:, and the
1276:Pentateuch
1216:Babylonian
1173:homiletics
1128:Pentateuch
1112:Pentateuch
1074:, and the
1070:, the two
1030:March 2022
1000:newspapers
989:"Exegesis"
921:mufassirūn
912:, plural:
845:Bhartrhari
799:school of
760:Protestant
729:Vatican II
693:See also:
670:revelation
613:) used by
535:), or the
473:exposition
461:See also:
446:See also:
238:literature
234:philosophy
221:ἐξηγεῖσθαι
87:newspapers
76:"Exegesis"
5466:Adventism
5386:Reformed
5182:Assurance
5120:Sola fide
5073:Adiaphora
4984:Theotokos
4964:Symphonia
4959:Sobornost
4949:Phyletism
4859:Sainthood
4854:Sacrament
4834:Purgatory
4814:Modernism
4804:Mariology
4699:Political
4674:Liturgics
4659:Education
4641:Practical
4556:Orthodoxy
4479:End times
4450:Adventism
4427:Preterism
4341:Episcopal
4320:Eucharist
4310:Sacrament
4206:Synergism
4196:Salvation
4139:Monergism
4045:Atonement
4040:Assurance
3970:Cosmology
3950:Ascension
3788:Scripture
3607:Loyal Rue
3332:Karl Marx
3154:Gaudapada
2983:Shamanism
2948:Pantheism
2933:Nontheism
2911:Religious
2896:Mysticism
2869:Christian
2859:Religious
2810:Atheistic
2805:Christian
2688:Nonbelief
2673:Free will
2489:Mormonism
2313:Afterlife
2043:ulb.ac.be
1968:779489142
1908:Cambridge
1894:(1993) .
1660:162350464
1588:Semiotics
1501:Eisegesis
1496:Archetype
1431:Al-Farabi
1402:Al-Farabi
1260:Masorites
1232:Babylonia
1228:Midrashic
1208:Tannaitic
1167:Midrashic
1148:expounder
1104:homiletic
1081:mefarshim
942:in Urdu.
930:Imam Razi
829:philology
709:Jerusalem
567:Calvinist
373:Eisegesis
369:eisegesis
5926:Exegesis
5882:Nephilim
5502:See also
5427:Wesleyan
5290:Lutheran
5219:Anglican
4944:Phronema
4774:Filioque
4754:Dogmatic
4694:Polemics
4689:Pastoral
4470:Covenant
4422:Futurism
4412:Idealism
4389:Shunning
4374:Koinonia
4287:Theodicy
4260:The Fall
4226:Blessing
4075:Election
4035:Adoption
4008:Theodicy
3993:Humanity
3978:Creation
3816:Exegesis
3806:Canonics
3729:Category
3674:Religion
3664:Exegesis
3149:Boethius
3144:Averroes
3139:Avicenna
3121:medieval
3091:Theodicy
2938:Pandeism
2854:Humanism
2822:Thealogy
2765:Dharmism
2735:Acosmism
2727:Theology
2595:Morality
2590:Miracles
2469:Hinduism
2459:Buddhism
2418:Pandeism
2393:Demiurge
2361:Theodicy
2180:Archived
2175:The Week
2117:Archived
2063:(2011).
1484:See also
1446:Phaedrus
1441:esoteric
1436:Phaedrus
1359:Sorbonne
1343:Vendīdād
1334:Sasanian
1313:and the
1296:Kethuvim
1280:Prophets
1212:mnemonic
1159:asmachta
1140:halakhic
909:mufassir
897:mufassir
831:and the
766:Tübingen
689:Catholic
666:inspired
645:Pius XII
563:Reformed
559:Catholic
552:pericope
537:pastoral
531:and the
509:Jeremiah
416:Akkadian
321:exegeses
316:ἐξηγητής
230:Biblical
215:ἐξήγησις
151:Exegesis
5855:Related
5812:Outline
5650:General
5333:Pietism
5308:Haugean
5262:Baptist
5117: (
5065:General
4979:Theosis
4974:Theoria
4924:Economy
4869:Thomism
4864:Scotism
4799:Liturgy
4626:Pietism
4601:Thomism
4509:Rapture
4434: (
4334: (
4221:Worship
4211:Theosis
4055:Calling
4050:Baptism
3918: (
3903:Trinity
3700:more...
3433:postwar
3116:Ancient
3004:more...
2923:New Age
2864:Secular
2834:Fideism
2785:Dualism
2755:Atheism
2745:Animism
2651:Against
2494:Sikhism
2484:Judaism
2479:Jainism
2388:Brahman
2341:Miracle
1292:Nevi'im
1247:Mishnah
1220:Amoraim
1203:Tannaim
1181:Amoraim
1144:aggadic
1138:In the
1124:Aggadah
1120:Halakha
1100:Midrash
1094:Midrash
1076:midrash
1072:Talmuds
1068:Mishnah
1014:scholar
946:Judaism
797:Mimamsa
774:Harvard
770:Chicago
611:midrash
485:Genesis
273:exegete
218:, from
101:scholar
4704:Public
4664:Ethics
4484:Heaven
4352:Bishop
4332:Polity
3983:Angels
3911:Father
3719:Portal
2993:Theism
2886:Monism
2620:Reason
2570:Desire
2565:Degree
2533:Beauty
2447:God in
2403:Egoism
2356:Spirit
2152:190834
2150:
2109:
1966:
1956:
1918:
1843:(1996)
1823:
1769:
1734:
1658:
1593:Symbol
1583:Pesher
1345:, the
1339:Gathas
1330:Avesta
1307:Talmud
1278:, the
1239:Kahana
1224:Peshaṭ
1108:Tanakh
1087:מפרשים
1016:
1009:
1002:
995:
987:
926:tafsīr
915:مفسرون
903:'مُفسر
892:tafsīr
884:Qur'an
879:tafsīr
870:Arabic
866:Tafsīr
857:Tafsir
837:shabda
743:Jesuit
603:Origen
529:Baruch
511:(i.e.
507:, and
505:Esther
501:Daniel
489:Psalms
401:Bārûtu
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
5744:Types
5459:Other
5402:TULIP
5114:solae
5112:Five
4684:Moral
4571:Canon
4440:Post-
4364:Synod
4107:Grace
4092:Faith
4003:Satan
3930:Logos
3925:Jesus
2988:Taoic
2770:Deism
2553:Kalam
2504:Wicca
2474:Islam
2323:Faith
2232:p. 25
2148:JSTOR
1936:Sifra
1898:. In
1656:S2CID
1622:4.2.R
1288:Torah
1272:Mikra
1266:Mikra
1243:amora
1185:tanna
1155:form
1116:Torah
1021:JSTOR
1007:books
894:is a
874:تفسير
851:Islam
267:Usage
211:Greek
202:-sih-
108:JSTOR
94:books
5720:Noah
4809:Mass
4489:Hell
4436:Pre-
4250:Adam
3550:2010
3548:1990
3546:1970
3431:1920
3353:1900
3351:1880
3288:1850
3286:1800
2678:Hell
2668:Evil
2585:Love
2351:Soul
2107:ISBN
2075:(1).
1964:OCLC
1954:ISBN
1916:ISBN
1865:2013
1821:ISBN
1767:ISBN
1732:ISBN
1672:See
1568:Icon
1429:and
1270:The
1251:Shab
1098:The
1056:and
993:news
888:ayah
859:and
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778:Yale
776:and
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703:the
642:Pope
624:The
465:and
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4282:Sin
3916:Son
3836:God
3118:and
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2327:or
1648:doi
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