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to refer to trees that have an irregular crop load from year to year. In the "on" year too much fruit is set, leading to small fruit size. Excess weight in the main branches can be too much for their mechanical resistance, causing them to break. Another major consequence is that
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The biennial cropping rhythm is due to the allocation of the plant's resources: in the productive 'on' year, the coffee tree puts its resources into producing the crop at the expense of vegetative growth
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is followed by a poor, low-yielding crop in the next year's harvest. This phenomenon occurs independently of weather and climate, so that even when climatic conditions are favourable for a good crop, the
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Biennial bearing may also be a tree's evolved response to manipulating predator populations that may depress the success of germination. This theory is known as the predator satiation theory.
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can be poor. There can be a fivefold (x5) difference between on and off years, although in extreme cases there can be a tenfold (x10) difference in
Ethiopia and areas of East Africa.
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production); in the 'off' year the plant must make up for this vegetative shortfall, at the expense of flower and fruit production.
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Biennial bearing can be reduced or almost eliminated using various means, including
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will be lower, and the subsequent year will be "off" year (too little fruit).
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Biennial bearing is more common in certain fruit crops like
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of the young fruit. It could also be caused by depletion of
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growth and particularly shoot development and flower
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144:produced in excess in the "on" years in the
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182:Biennial bearing is a regular feature of
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
266:Tachiki, Yuuya; Iwasa, Yoh (2010).
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285:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2010.01729.x
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312:, Royal Horticultural Society
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99:December 2009
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192:East Africa
331:Categories
316:20 October
253:References
245:and young
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