Knowledge (XXG)

Black lesbian literature in the United States

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More specifically, the genre allowed black lesbians to examine the homophobia that they encountered in nearly all of their political and community circles. Writer and activist Cheryl Clarke wrote essays like "The Failure to Transform: Homophobia in the Black Community" and "Lesbianism: An Act of
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as tools to carry out their analysis. Through this critical analysis, black lesbian writers and activists were able to use the genre to make necessary interventions in the normative ideologies regarding race, gender, and sexuality which emerged from these larger political movements.
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published a statement in which they outlined their main political objectives to fight racism, sexism, homophobia, and class oppression simultaneously. Although many prominent activists were involved in the conception of the statement, the piece was drafted and finalized by
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is widely considered to be one of the first, if not the first, published pieces of black lesbian literature. The book follows the story of Renay, a black woman who leaves her abusive marriage to a black man to enter a relationship with a white lesbian named Terry.
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that focuses on the experiences of black women who identify as lesbians. The genre features poetry and fiction about black lesbian characters as well as non-fiction essays which address issues faced by black lesbians. Prominent figures within the genre include
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to address the specific forms of oppression experienced by black women, these writers produced critical essays and fictional works which gave voice to their experiences, using Black Feminist theories like
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While both novels explored the development of their characters' sexuality, they also examined the characters' experiences as black women in a sexist and white supremacist society. In 1983
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Resistance" which both explore the way that white male patriarchy and white supremacy create the gendered and racialized forms of homophobia that black lesbians experience.
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is considered groundbreaking for its explicit portrayal of lesbian sexuality and it paved the way for black women writers to depict lesbian relationships in their writing.
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Black lesbian literature is characterized by its central focus on black women's experiences as they are shaped by interlocking systems of oppression like
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Van Ausdall, Mimi Iimuro (Spring 2010). "Loving Her Without Class: The Politics of Feminist Love in Ann Allen Shockley's Lesbian Novel".
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Let nobody turn us around: Voices of resistance, reform, and renewal: An African American anthology
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In 1977 the self-proclaimed activist group of black feminists and lesbians known as The
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movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s. Dissatisfied with the inability of both the
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The Failure to Transform: Homophobia in the Black Community, Cheryl Clarke (1983)
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The Black Lesbian in American Literature: An Overview, Ann Allen Shockley (1979)
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Black Like Us: A Century of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual African American Writing
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wrote the first published collection of essays by an African-American lesbian,
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One of the foundational texts of the genre is Ann Allen Shockley's novel,
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Does Your Mama Know?: An Anthology of Black Lesbian Coming Out Stories
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Words of Fire: An Anthology of African-American Feminist Thought
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Literary subgenre focusing on the experiences of Black lesbians
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Encyclopedia of African American Women Writers Volume 2
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Aberrations in Black: Toward a Queer of Color Critique
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Lesbianism: An Act of Resistance, Cheryl Clarke (1981)
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Mouths of Rain: An Anthology of Black Lesbian Though
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University of Minnesota Press. p. 111. 8: 2864:Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures 627:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3578:Timeline of sexual orientation and medicine 3093:Florida Legislative Investigation Committee 613:Carbado, Devon W., McBride, Dwight (2011). 3844:Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany 3616: 3591: 3485: 3254: 3237: 3083:Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany 2923: 2910: 2572: 2359: 2350: 2323: 1955: 1933: 1837: 1797: 1783: 1775: 1457: 1257: 1005: 848: 834: 826: 147:Black lesbian literature emerged from the 3134:Front homosexuel d'action révolutionnaire 2966:History of Christianity and homosexuality 1689:History of homosexuality in American film 547:Lambda Literary Award for Lesbian Fiction 80:Learn how and when to remove this message 3776:Discrimination against non-binary people 687:Manning Marable, Leith Mullings (2000). 2941:History of gay men in the United States 605: 593:List of LGBT-themed speculative fiction 412:Callaloo and Other Lesbian Love Stories 3292:List of LGBT rights articles by region 620: 3959:LGBTQ literature in the United States 713:"Combahee River Collective Statement" 659:Homegirls: A Black Feminist Anthology 500:Homegirls: A Black Feminist Anthology 214:Shockley followed the publication of 7: 3864:Unlawfully killed transgender people 3849:Acts of violence against LGBT people 3824:Capital punishment for homosexuality 3308:Capital punishment for homosexuality 521:Sister Outsider: Essays and Speeches 3859:Violence against transgender people 3259:LGBT rights by country or territory 3389:Legal status of transgender people 2840:Legal status of transgender people 579:LGBT themes in speculative fiction 25: 2476:Third sex / Third gender 617:. Cleiss Press. pp. 117–118. 3901: 3900: 3888: 3493:— Medicine, science and sexology 3323:Criminalization of homosexuality 2630:Attraction to transgender people 1759: 1758: 1747: 1715:Non-binary characters in fiction 1146:List of transgender publications 293:Sassafrass, Cypress & Indigo 232:and Audre Lorde's autobiography 34: 3771:Discrimination against lesbians 3703:Transgender people and religion 3518:Disability and LGBTQ identities 3077:Institut für Sexualwissenschaft 1710:Media portrayal of pansexuality 1187:Media portrayals of bisexuality 787:. Greenwood Press. p. 525. 783:Page, Yolanda Williams (2007). 337:, SDiane Adamz-Bogus (ca. 1985) 311:Zami: A New Spelling of My Name 235:Zami: A New Spelling of My Name 3939:LGBTQ African-American culture 2893:Sexual practices between women 1720:Intersex characters in fiction 672:Guy-Sheftall, Beverly (1995). 642:Ferguson, Roderick A. (2004). 511:Black Lesbian in White America 245:Black Lesbian in White America 153:feminist movement of the 1960s 1: 3839:History of violence in the US 3834:History of violence in the UK 3318:Civil unions and partnerships 3188:Timeline of same-sex marriage 2889:Women who have sex with women 2869:Social construction of gender 1705:Media portrayal of asexuality 589:, and transgender literature) 531:t, Briona Simone Jones (2021) 3811:Violence against LGBT people 3712:Prejudice and discrimination 3528:Homosexuality and psychology 3205:Anti-Homosexuality Act, 2014 3140:Florida orange juice boycott 2854:Sexual practices between men 2744:Erotic target location error 901:Blue Metropolis Violet Prize 801:Gay and lesbian Philadelphia 3929:African-American literature 3573:Sexual orientation identity 3394:Transgender rights movement 2764:Gender and sexual diversity 2133:Queerplatonic relationships 306:, Ann Allen Shockley (1982) 281:The Women of Brewster Place 276:, Ann Allen Shockley (1980) 101:African American literature 60:the claims made and adding 3975: 3944:LGBTQ and multiculturalism 3749:Grooming conspiracy theory 3698:Homosexuality and religion 2971:History of same-sex unions 1165:Other literature and media 418:Not Everything Is A Eulogy 363:Coffee Will Make You Black 3882: 3615: 3590: 3498: 3484: 3313:Censorship of LGBT issues 3253: 3236: 3053:First homosexual movement 2922: 2909: 2850:Men who have sex with men 2603: 2362: 2349: 2322: 1958: 1954: 1932: 1858: 1836: 1742: 1730:cross-dressing characters 1725:Gay characters in fiction 1523: 1478:Children's TV programming 911:Gaylactic Spectrum Awards 864: 472:Combahee River Collective 414:, LaShonda Barnett (1999) 274:The Black and White of It 220:The Black and White of It 174:Combahee River Collective 3681:Suicide among LGBT youth 3533:Homosexuality in the DSM 3170:Bar Abanicos police raid 3150:Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS 3123:Festival of Light action 3103:Compton's Cafeteria riot 2936:History of homosexuality 2402:Non-binary / genderqueer 2259:Gay flag of South Africa 1863:LGBT topics in education 927:Gaylaxicon SF convention 410:"Miss Hannah's Lesson," 304:Say Jesus and Come to Me 224:Say Jesus and Come to Me 93:Black lesbian literature 18:Black lesbian literature 3688:Monuments and memorials 3676:Suicides of LGBT people 3413:Commonwealth of Nations 3245:Rights and legal issues 2884:Transgender health care 1107:List of lesbian fiction 657:Smith, Barbara (1983). 562:List of lesbian fiction 3954:African-American women 3659:LGBT rights opposition 3568:Split attraction model 3071:Dance of the Forty-One 2982:Category:LGBTQ history 2951:LGBTQ history timeline 2859:Sex–gender distinction 2809:Human female sexuality 2148:Same-sex relationships 1268:Modern written fiction 1137:Transgender literature 798:Nickels, Thom (2002). 333:"The Champagne Lady," 3446:LGBT rights activists 3423:LGBT rights movements 3403:Yogyakarta Principles 3362:Assisted reproduction 3340:Intersex human rights 3200:Russian anti-LGBT law 2946:History of lesbianism 2407:Queer heterosexuality 886:Lambda Literary Award 429:Under the Udala Trees 218:with two more books, 202:. Published in 1974, 157:Civil Rights Movement 3729:Anti-gender movement 3165:Tasty nightclub raid 3113:Gay Liberation Front 2814:Human male sexuality 2690:Romantic orientation 2489:Balkan sworn virgins 2387:Gender nonconformity 1182:Bisexual pornography 896:Bisexual Book Awards 891:Stonewall Book Award 552:Lesbian pulp fiction 523:, Audre Lorde (1984) 137:class discrimination 3664:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 2779:Gender essentialism 2577:Sexual orientations 1245:Single-gender world 1223:Speculative fiction 906:Dayne Ogilvie Prize 740:10.1353/nwsa.0.0116 728:Feminist Formations 676:. pp. 242–251. 661:. pp. 190–201. 581:(includes lesbian, 567:Bisexual literature 450:i shimmer sometimes 341:Living as a Lesbian 335:Hatshepsut's Legacy 3949:Fictional lesbians 3934:Lesbian literature 3764:Liberal homophobia 3621:Societal attitudes 3599:Societal attitudes 3563:Conversion therapy 3491:Sexual orientation 3451:Rainbow capitalism 3441:LGBT rights groups 3350:Same-sex parenting 3301:LGBT rights topics 3014:pre-Columbian Peru 2695:Same gender loving 2341:Sexual diversities 1995:Bisexual community 1083:Lesbian literature 942:Saints and Sinners 806:Arcadia Publishing 542:Lesbian literature 444:Nicole Dennis-Benn 440:Here Comes the Sun 377:Catherine McKinley 268:Ann Allen Shockley 191:Lesbian separatism 106:Ann Allen Shockley 97:lesbian literature 45:possibly contains 3916: 3915: 3878: 3877: 3874: 3873: 3854:Stop Murder Music 3654:Gay panic defense 3634:Heteronormativity 3586: 3585: 3553:Prenatal hormones 3480: 3479: 3476: 3475: 3367:Same-sex marriage 3328:decriminalization 3232: 3231: 3228: 3227: 3194:Lawrence v. 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2086: 2081: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2051: 2046: 2044:Film festivals 2041: 2040: 2039: 2029: 2028: 2027: 2022: 2015:Cross-dressing 2012: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1991: 1990: 1985: 1977: 1976: 1975: 1965: 1959: 1952: 1951: 1949: 1948: 1943: 1937: 1930: 1929: 1926: 1925: 1923: 1922: 1917: 1912: 1907: 1902: 1901: 1900: 1895: 1890: 1880: 1875: 1870: 1868:Gender studies 1865: 1859: 1856: 1855: 1853: 1852: 1847: 1841: 1834: 1833: 1804: 1802: 1801: 1794: 1787: 1779: 1770: 1769: 1767: 1766: 1756: 1743: 1740: 1739: 1736: 1735: 1733: 1732: 1727: 1722: 1717: 1712: 1707: 1701: 1699: 1695: 1694: 1692: 1691: 1686: 1685: 1684: 1683: 1682: 1677: 1672: 1667: 1653: 1651: 1647: 1646: 1644: 1643: 1638: 1633: 1632: 1631: 1626: 1621: 1610: 1608: 1604: 1603: 1601: 1600: 1595: 1590: 1585: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1572: 1569: 1568: 1566: 1565: 1564: 1563: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1543: 1535: 1530: 1524: 1521: 1520: 1518: 1517: 1512: 1511: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1485: 1480: 1475: 1470: 1464: 1462: 1455: 1449: 1448: 1445: 1444: 1442: 1441: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1425: 1424: 1414: 1409: 1408: 1407: 1397: 1396: 1395: 1385: 1380: 1374: 1372: 1368: 1367: 1365: 1364: 1363: 1362: 1357: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1331: 1330: 1329: 1328: 1320: 1319: 1318: 1313: 1305: 1304: 1303: 1298: 1290: 1285: 1275: 1273:Animated films 1270: 1264: 1262: 1255: 1251: 1250: 1248: 1247: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1231: 1230: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1199: 1197: 1193: 1192: 1190: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1168: 1166: 1162: 1161: 1159: 1158: 1153: 1148: 1142: 1140: 1133: 1132: 1130: 1129: 1124: 1119: 1114: 1109: 1104: 1099: 1094: 1088: 1086: 1079: 1078: 1076: 1075: 1070: 1065: 1064: 1063: 1053: 1048: 1047: 1046: 1036: 1031: 1026: 1021: 1015: 1013: 1010:Gay literature 1003: 999: 998: 996: 995: 990: 985: 980: 975: 970: 965: 959: 957: 953: 952: 950: 949: 944: 939: 934: 932:Film festivals 929: 923: 921: 917: 916: 914: 913: 908: 903: 898: 893: 888: 883: 877: 875: 871: 870: 865: 862: 861: 855: 853: 852: 845: 838: 830: 822: 821: 814: 808:. p. 74. 790: 775: 761: 718: 704: 697: 679: 664: 649: 634: 604: 603: 601: 598: 597: 596: 590: 576: 573:Gay literature 570: 564: 559: 554: 549: 544: 537: 534: 533: 532: 524: 518: 515:Anita Cornwell 508: 496: 493: 490: 487: 476:Demita Frazier 466: 463: 462: 461: 447: 437: 425: 415: 408: 398: 384: 370: 367:April Sinclair 360: 348: 338: 331: 319: 307: 301: 298:Ntozake Shange 289: 277: 271: 257: 254: 252: 249: 241:Anita Cornwell 179:Demita Frazier 149:Black Feminist 144: 141: 88: 87: 42: 40: 33: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3971: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3927: 3926: 3924: 3909: 3908: 3899: 3897: 3896: 3885: 3884: 3881: 3865: 3862: 3861: 3860: 3857: 3855: 3852: 3850: 3847: 3845: 3842: 3840: 3837: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3808: 3802: 3799: 3797: 3796:Transmisogyny 3794: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3772: 3769: 3765: 3762: 3761: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3716: 3714: 3710: 3704: 3701: 3699: 3696: 3694: 3691: 3689: 3686: 3682: 3679: 3678: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3665: 3662: 3661: 3660: 3657: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3626: 3624: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3608: 3605: 3602: 3600: 3597: 3596: 3593: 3589: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3541: 3539: 3536: 3534: 3531: 3529: 3526: 3524: 3521: 3519: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3504: 3501: 3500: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3483: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3458: 3457: 3454: 3452: 3449: 3447: 3444: 3442: 3439: 3437: 3434: 3432: 3429: 3428: 3426: 3424: 3420: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3370: 3369: 3368: 3365: 3363: 3360: 3356: 3353: 3352: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3329: 3326: 3325: 3324: 3321: 3319: 3316: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3306: 3305: 3303: 3299: 3293: 3290: 3288: 3285: 3283: 3280: 3278: 3275: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3264: 3262: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3246: 3243: 3242: 3239: 3235: 3221: 3218: 3216: 3215:Rainbow Night 3213: 3211: 3208: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3195: 3191: 3189: 3186: 3185: 3183: 3181: 3177: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3135: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3089: 3088:Cadet scandal 3086: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3078: 3074: 3072: 3069: 3068: 3066: 3064: 3060: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3044: 3041: 3040: 3038: 3036: 3031: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3005: 3004:Ancient Egypt 3002: 3000: 2997: 2996: 2994: 2990: 2984: 2983: 2979: 2977: 2974: 2972: 2969: 2967: 2964: 2962: 2959: 2957: 2954: 2952: 2949: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2939: 2937: 2934: 2933: 2931: 2929: 2928:LGBTQ history 2925: 2921: 2917: 2912: 2908: 2894: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2874:Straight ally 2872: 2870: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2851: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2841: 2838: 2834: 2833: 2829: 2827: 2826: 2822: 2821: 2820: 2817: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2804:Hermaphrodite 2802: 2800: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2774:Gender binary 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2755: 2752: 2750: 2747: 2745: 2742: 2740: 2737: 2735: 2732: 2730: 2727: 2726: 2724: 2720: 2710: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2671: 2668: 2666: 2663: 2661: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2633: 2631: 2628: 2624: 2623:Demisexuality 2621: 2619: 2616: 2615: 2614: 2611: 2609: 2606: 2605: 2602: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2582: 2580: 2578: 2574: 2571: 2569: 2565: 2555: 2552: 2550: 2547: 2545: 2542: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2481: 2479: 2477: 2473: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2459: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2445: 2442: 2441: 2440: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2423: 2420: 2419: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2403: 2400: 2398: 2395: 2393: 2390: 2388: 2385: 2383: 2382:Gender bender 2380: 2378: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2368: 2365: 2364: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2328: 2325: 2321: 2307: 2304: 2300: 2297: 2296: 2295: 2292: 2290: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2280: 2277: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2245: 2242: 2240: 2237: 2236: 2234: 2232: 2228: 2222: 2219: 2217: 2216:Pink triangle 2214: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2202: 2199: 2197: 2194: 2193: 2191: 2189: 2185: 2179: 2176: 2174: 2171: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2161: 2159: 2156: 2154: 2151: 2149: 2146: 2144: 2141: 2139: 2136: 2134: 2131: 2127: 2124: 2122: 2119: 2118: 2117: 2114: 2112: 2109: 2107: 2104: 2102: 2101:Organizations 2099: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2076: 2075: 2072: 2070: 2067: 2065: 2062: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2045: 2042: 2038: 2035: 2034: 2033: 2030: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2017: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2008: 2006: 2003: 2001: 1998: 1996: 1993: 1989: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1980: 1978: 1974: 1971: 1970: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1960: 1957: 1953: 1947: 1944: 1942: 1939: 1938: 1935: 1931: 1921: 1920:Transfeminism 1918: 1916: 1913: 1911: 1910:Queer studies 1908: 1906: 1903: 1899: 1896: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1886: 1885: 1884: 1881: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1871: 1869: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1860: 1857: 1851: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1842: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1800: 1795: 1793: 1788: 1786: 1781: 1780: 1777: 1765: 1757: 1755: 1745: 1744: 1741: 1731: 1728: 1726: 1723: 1721: 1718: 1716: 1713: 1711: 1708: 1706: 1703: 1702: 1700: 1696: 1690: 1687: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1666: 1663: 1662: 1661: 1658: 1657: 1655: 1654: 1652: 1648: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1630: 1627: 1625: 1622: 1620: 1617: 1616: 1615: 1612: 1611: 1609: 1605: 1599: 1596: 1594: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1580: 1578: 1574: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1538: 1536: 1534: 1531: 1529: 1526: 1525: 1522: 1516: 1513: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1494: 1491: 1490: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1479: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1469: 1466: 1465: 1463: 1459: 1456: 1450: 1440: 1437: 1435: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1423: 1420: 1419: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1406: 1403: 1402: 1401: 1398: 1394: 1391: 1390: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1375: 1373: 1369: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1353: 1352: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1327: 1324: 1323: 1321: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1308: 1306: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1293: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1284: 1281: 1280: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1265: 1263: 1259: 1256: 1252: 1246: 1243: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1229: 1226: 1225: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1203:Homoeroticism 1201: 1200: 1198: 1194: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1169: 1167: 1163: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1147: 1144: 1143: 1141: 1138: 1134: 1128: 1125: 1123: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1103: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1087: 1084: 1080: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1062: 1059: 1058: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1045: 1042: 1041: 1040: 1039:Slash fiction 1037: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1027: 1025: 1022: 1020: 1017: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1007: 1004: 1000: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 960: 958: 954: 948: 945: 943: 940: 938: 935: 933: 930: 928: 925: 924: 922: 918: 912: 909: 907: 904: 902: 899: 897: 894: 892: 889: 887: 884: 882: 879: 878: 876: 872: 868: 867:LGBTQ writers 863: 858: 851: 846: 844: 839: 837: 832: 831: 828: 817: 815:0-7385-1000-9 811: 807: 803: 802: 794: 791: 786: 779: 776: 771: 765: 762: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 722: 719: 714: 708: 705: 700: 698:0-8476-8346-X 694: 690: 683: 680: 675: 668: 665: 660: 653: 650: 645: 638: 635: 630: 624: 616: 609: 606: 599: 594: 591: 588: 584: 580: 577: 574: 571: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 539: 535: 530: 529: 525: 522: 519: 516: 512: 509: 506: 505:Barbara Smith 502: 501: 497: 494: 491: 488: 485: 484:Barbara Smith 481: 480:Beverly Smith 477: 473: 469: 468: 464: 459: 455: 451: 448: 445: 441: 438: 435: 431: 430: 426: 423: 419: 416: 413: 409: 406: 405:Lisa C. Moore 402: 399: 396: 392: 388: 385: 382: 378: 374: 371: 368: 364: 361: 358: 357:Jewelle Gomez 354: 353: 349: 346: 345:Cheryl Clarke 342: 339: 336: 332: 329: 325: 324: 320: 317: 313: 312: 308: 305: 302: 299: 296: 294: 290: 287: 286:Gloria Naylor 283: 282: 278: 275: 272: 269: 265: 264: 260: 259: 255: 251:Notable works 250: 248: 246: 242: 238: 236: 231: 230: 225: 221: 217: 212: 210: 205: 201: 200: 194: 192: 188: 187:Barbara Smith 184: 183:Beverly Smith 180: 175: 170: 166: 163: 158: 154: 150: 142: 140: 138: 134: 130: 126: 121: 119: 118:Barbara Smith 115: 114:Cheryl Clarke 111: 107: 102: 98: 94: 84: 81: 73: 63: 59: 55: 49: 48: 41: 32: 31: 19: 3905: 3886: 3786:Riddle scale 3754:Heterosexism 3693:Queerbaiting 3548:Neuroscience 3538:Kinsey scale 3513:Demographics 3210:Rainbow wave 3192: 3180:21st century 3132: 3075: 3063:20th century 3035:19th century 3019:Ancient Rome 2980: 2830: 2823: 2794:Gender roles 2734:Detransition 2707: / 2608:Aromanticism 2126:Pride parade 2054:Gay-friendly 1915:Queer theory 1624:by storyline 1576:Animation on 1422:in animation 1405:in animation 1393:in animation 1326:2020–present 1196:LGBTQ themes 1112:Pulp fiction 1051:Teen fiction 1034:Pulp fiction 800: 793: 784: 778: 764: 734:(1): 57–75. 731: 727: 721: 707: 688: 682: 673: 667: 658: 652: 643: 637: 614: 608: 557:Yuri (genre) 526: 520: 510: 498: 453: 449: 439: 427: 417: 411: 400: 395:Dionne Brand 390: 386: 372: 362: 350: 340: 334: 328:Alice Walker 321: 309: 303: 291: 280: 273: 261: 244: 233: 227: 223: 219: 215: 213: 208: 203: 197: 195: 171: 167: 146: 122: 92: 91: 76: 67: 44: 3829:Gay bashing 3801:Transphobia 3734:AIDS stigma 3649:Pinkwashing 3523:Environment 3508:Birth order 3048:Section 377 3043:Molly house 2685:Questioning 2509:Femminiello 2439:Trans woman 2434:Transsexual 2417:Transgender 2306:Transgender 2231:Pride flags 2121:Pride Month 2089:Periodicals 2049:Gay village 1898:Transgender 1818:transgender 1614:LGBTQ films 1598:Nickelodeon 1556:transgender 1537:Characters 1493:1960s–2000s 1439:Transgender 1371:By identity 1350:Video games 1340:Soap operas 1335:Graphic art 1283:1960s–1980s 1235:Video games 1156:Pornography 1117:Pornography 1068:Pornography 978:El Salvador 937:Naked Heart 474:Statement, 465:Non-Fiction 316:Audre Lorde 110:Audre Lorde 43:This table 3923:Categories 3759:Homophobia 3543:Klein Grid 3456:Separatism 3160:Section 28 3098:Sea queens 2825:Androgynos 2739:Effeminacy 2665:Monosexual 2640:Bi-curious 2613:Asexuality 2595:Homosexual 2549:Two-spirit 2534:Mukhannath 2499:Faʻafafine 2466:Xenogender 2284:Non-binary 2064:Literature 2025:Drag queen 2005:Coming out 2000:Businesses 1905:Psychology 1452:Television 1429:Non-binary 1044:Omegaverse 956:By country 600:References 263:Loving Her 216:Loving Her 209:Loving Her 204:Loving Her 199:Loving Her 133:homophobia 70:April 2018 54:improve it 3744:Gayphobia 3724:Acephobia 3719:Arophobia 3603:Prejudice 3431:Homophile 3384:Socialism 2976:Pederasty 2956:Migration 2754:Ex-ex-gay 2675:Pansexual 2504:Fakaleitī 2429:Trans man 2422:Akava'ine 2377:Cisgender 2367:Androgyny 2289:Pansexual 2239:Aromantic 2168:Takatāpui 2094:Portrayal 2020:Drag king 1941:Community 1850:Discourse 1503:2016–2019 1498:2010–2015 1454:and radio 1434:Pansexual 1383:Aromantic 1345:Webcomics 1278:Animation 1261:By medium 1218:Mythology 1139:and media 1085:and media 1024:BL dramas 1012:and media 963:Argentina 920:Festivals 756:201796772 623:cite book 58:verifying 3907:Category 3739:Biphobia 3607:Violence 3372:Timeline 3355:Adoption 3272:Americas 3033:16th to 2819:Intersex 2729:Acronyms 2590:Bisexual 2544:Travesti 2444:Mak nyah 2269:Intersex 2254:Bisexual 1973:Literary 1814:bisexual 1764:Category 1641:Intersex 1561:intersex 1551:bisexual 1533:Episodes 1461:By genre 1412:Intersex 1388:Bisexual 1177:Intersex 1172:Bisexual 1102:Femslash 1002:By media 968:Colombia 748:40835344 587:bisexual 536:See also 391:Not Here 155:and the 143:Overview 3503:Biology 3466:Lesbian 3287:Oceania 2916:History 2722:Related 2660:Lesbian 2650:Gay men 2585:Asexual 2519:Kathoey 2392:Khanith 2294:Rainbow 2279:Lesbian 2274:Leather 2264:Gay men 2244:Asexual 2201:Gaysper 2188:Symbols 2178:Tourism 2173:Theatre 2158:Slogans 1988:Lesbian 1963:Anthems 1946:Culture 1893:Lesbian 1806:Lesbian 1650:History 1629:by year 1593:Netflix 1541:lesbian 1473:TV film 1417:Lesbian 1378:Asexual 1316:2015–19 1311:2010–14 1301:2005–09 1296:2000–04 1097:Erotica 1092:Class S 983:Iceland 973:Ecuador 256:Fiction 52:Please 3781:Racism 3282:Europe 3267:Africa 3155:ACT UP 2879:Tomboy 2832:Tumtum 2759:Female 2749:Ex-gay 2635:Banjee 2554:Winkte 2412:Theyby 2211:Lambda 2206:Labrys 2163:Sports 2143:Rodeos 2106:People 2032:Events 1968:Awards 1830:topics 1588:Disney 1515:Horror 1468:Comedy 1322:2020s 1307:2010s 1292:2000s 1213:Horror 1208:Comics 1061:Danmei 988:Mexico 874:Awards 812:  754:  746:  695:  517:(1983) 507:(1983) 486:(1977) 482:, and 460:(2019) 446:(2016) 436:(2015) 424:(2015) 407:(1997) 397:(1996) 383:(1995) 369:(1994) 359:(1991) 347:(1986) 330:(1982) 318:(1982) 300:(1982) 288:(1982) 270:(1974) 185:, and 135:, and 129:sexism 125:racism 116:, and 2680:Queer 2524:Köçek 2514:Hijra 2494:Bissu 2484:Bakla 2461:Womyn 2456:Womxn 2451:Woman 2153:Slang 2116:Pride 2079:Films 2074:Media 2069:Music 2059:Icons 1979:Bars 1826:LGBTQ 1822:queer 1698:Other 1680:2020s 1675:2010s 1670:2000s 1665:1990s 1528:Shows 1508:2020s 1488:Drama 1360:2020s 1355:2010s 1288:1990s 993:Spain 752:S2CID 744:JSTOR 3277:Asia 2845:Male 2539:Muxe 2529:Māhū 2249:Bear 2111:Pets 1820:and 1607:Film 1228:list 1122:Yuri 1056:Yaoi 1019:Bara 810:ISBN 693:ISBN 629:link 470:The 379:and 99:and 3461:Gay 2709:Dee 2705:Tom 2645:Gay 2397:Man 2372:Boi 1983:Gay 1888:Gay 1810:gay 1546:gay 1400:Gay 736:doi 583:gay 454:too 56:by 3925:: 2891:/ 2852:/ 1828:) 1816:, 1812:, 1808:, 804:. 750:. 742:. 732:22 730:. 625:}} 621:{{ 585:, 513:, 503:, 478:, 456:, 452:, 442:, 432:, 420:, 403:, 393:, 389:, 375:, 365:, 355:, 343:, 326:, 314:, 284:, 266:, 247:. 181:, 139:. 131:, 127:, 120:. 112:, 108:, 3401:/ 1824:( 1798:e 1791:t 1784:v 849:e 842:t 835:v 818:. 758:. 738:: 715:. 701:. 631:) 295:, 237:. 83:) 77:( 72:) 68:( 50:. 20:)

Index

Black lesbian literature
original research
improve it
verifying
inline citations
Learn how and when to remove this message
lesbian literature
African American literature
Ann Allen Shockley
Audre Lorde
Cheryl Clarke
Barbara Smith
racism
sexism
homophobia
class discrimination
Black Feminist
feminist movement of the 1960s
Civil Rights Movement
intersectionality
Combahee River Collective
Demita Frazier
Beverly Smith
Barbara Smith
Lesbian separatism
Loving Her
The Color Purple
Zami: A New Spelling of My Name
Anita Cornwell
Loving Her

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