548:
31:
560:
333:
like its counterparts in other nations, these small-caliber guns were found incapable of defending against low-level torpedo-bombers or high altitude level-bomber attacks because their bullets were too light and short ranged. Although a reliable gun with good performance, it was later replaced by the
332:
machine gun. Breda acquired a production license in 1929, but it did not enter production until 1931. The Model 31 was often mounted on single and twin mounts aboard surface ships and on a disappearing twin mount aboard submarines. The Model 31 was intended to provide close-range air defense, but
316:. At sea it was employed as a light anti-aircraft gun, while on land it was mounted on armored command vehicles where it was used as a heavy machine gun. After World War II it remained in use aboard the patrol boats of the
345:
The Model 31 was a gas-operated, air-cooled machine gun with a tilting bolt action. It was fed by top mounted, semi-circular, thirty round magazines, with cooling air drawn through the sleeve to fins along the barrel.
808:
786:
301:
124:
404:
813:
731:
673:
585:
818:
329:
189:
464:
399:
449:
409:
369:
499:
454:
514:
494:
474:
459:
429:
424:
379:
504:
469:
444:
439:
434:
414:
225:
489:
484:
479:
394:
389:
509:
419:
384:
374:
364:
519:
317:
309:
196:
184:
782:
737:
727:
679:
669:
48:
44:
106:
30:
257:
698:
615:
334:
802:
640:
564:
552:
313:
305:
245:
91:
81:
593:
235:
160:
795:
La mitrailleuse
Browning FN, kapitel XII. Les munitions F.N. calibre 13,2 mm
759:
741:
683:
215:
559:
762:: Ammunitionssektionen vid marinförvaltningens artilleribyrå. 1947.
547:
756:
Amregister Fl, Ammunitionsregister för flottan, 1947 års upplaga
328:
The Breda Model 31 was a license built copy of the French
699:"Italy 13.2 mm/75.7 (0.52") AA MG Model 1931 - NavWeaps"
616:"Italy 13.2 mm/75.7 (0.52") AA MG Model 1931 - NavWeaps"
354:
Ship classes that carried the Breda Model 1931 include:
300:
was a widely used
Italian heavy machine gun produced by
567:– designated 13,2 mm kulspruta M/It (13,2 mm ksp M/It)
286:
276:
266:
256:
244:
234:
224:
214:
195:
183:
170:
159:
151:
143:
138:
130:
120:
112:
102:
97:
87:
75:
67:
62:
54:
40:
35:
Swedish 13.2 mm Breda model 1931 (13,2 mm ksp M/It)
21:
641:"France 13.2 mm (0.5") Model 1929 - NavWeaps"
8:
18:
586:"13,2x96 Hotchkis Short / MUNICION.ORG"
577:
272:3.98 km (13,100 ft) at +80°
7:
282:4.2 km (14,000 ft) at +80°
166:1 m (3 ft 3 in) L/76
14:
155:1.65 m (5 ft 5 in)
16:Type of Italian heavy machine gun
558:
546:
267:Effective firing range
29:
280:6 km (3.7 mi) at +45°
270:2 km (1.2 mi) at +45°
779:Naval Weapons of World War Two
724:Naval weapons of World War Two
666:Naval weapons of World War Two
302:SocietĂ Italiana Ernesto Breda
277:Maximum firing range
262:805 m/s (2,640 ft/s)
1:
722:Campbell, John (2002-01-01).
664:Campbell, John (2002-01-01).
220:13.2 mm (0.52 in)
835:
809:World War II naval weapons
147:47.5 kg (105 lb)
781:. Naval Institute Press.
726:. Naval Institute Press.
668:. Naval Institute Press.
178:
55:Place of origin
28:
190:13.2Ă—99mm Hotchkiss Long
777:Campbell, John (1985).
252:200-250 rpm (sustained)
298:13.2 mm Breda Model 31
246:Rate of fire
814:Machine guns of Italy
405:Conte di Cavour-class
335:Breda 20/65 Mod. 1935
290:30-round box magazine
258:Muzzle velocity
819:Naval guns of Italy
318:Guardia di Finanza
98:Production history
697:DiGiulian, Tony.
639:DiGiulian, Tony.
614:DiGiulian, Tony.
294:
293:
203:Cartridge weight:
49:Anti-aircraft gun
45:Heavy machine gun
826:
792:
764:
763:
752:
746:
745:
719:
713:
712:
710:
709:
703:www.navweaps.com
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688:
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645:www.navweaps.com
636:
630:
629:
627:
626:
620:www.navweaps.com
611:
605:
604:
602:
601:
592:. Archived from
590:www.municion.org
582:
563:
562:
551:
550:
535:T14 torpedo boat
532:T11 torpedo boat
465:Navigatori-class
304:and used by the
287:Feed system
250:400 rpm (cyclic)
33:
24:
19:
834:
833:
829:
828:
827:
825:
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799:
798:
789:
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749:
734:
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658:
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612:
608:
599:
597:
584:
583:
579:
574:
557:
545:
542:
529:
524:
450:Maestrale-class
410:Curtatone-class
370:Archimede-class
360:
352:
343:
330:Hotchkiss M1929
326:
281:
271:
251:
206:
179:
80:
68:In service
63:Service history
47:
36:
23:Breda Model 31
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
832:
830:
822:
821:
816:
811:
801:
800:
797:
796:
793:
787:
772:
769:
766:
765:
747:
732:
714:
689:
674:
656:
631:
606:
576:
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568:
555:
541:
538:
537:
536:
533:
528:
525:
523:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
455:Marcello-class
452:
447:
442:
437:
435:Giussano-class
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
367:
361:
359:
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139:Specifications
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34:
26:
25:
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13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
831:
820:
817:
815:
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790:
788:0-87021-459-4
784:
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748:
743:
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681:
677:
671:
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646:
642:
635:
632:
621:
617:
610:
607:
596:on 2019-03-27
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566:
561:
556:
554:
549:
544:
543:
539:
534:
531:
530:
526:
521:
518:
516:
515:Turbine-class
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
495:Soldati-class
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
460:Marconi-class
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
430:Freccia-class
428:
426:
425:Folgore-class
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
400:Ciclone-class
398:
396:
393:
391:
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386:
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381:
380:Balilla-class
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
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362:
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355:
349:
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255:
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208:Shell weight:
204:
201:
198:
194:
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182:
177:
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50:
46:
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39:
32:
27:
20:
778:
755:
750:
723:
717:
706:. Retrieved
702:
692:
665:
659:
648:. Retrieved
644:
634:
623:. Retrieved
619:
609:
598:. Retrieved
594:the original
589:
580:
565:Swedish navy
553:Italian Navy
510:Trento-class
505:Squalo-class
470:Oriani-class
445:Liuzzi-class
440:Glauco-class
415:Flutto-class
353:
344:
341:Construction
327:
314:World War II
310:Italian Army
306:Italian Navy
297:
295:
207:
202:
163: length
121:Manufacturer
92:World War II
82:Swedish navy
76:Used by
500:Spica-class
490:Sella-class
485:Sauro-class
480:Perla-class
395:Calvi-class
390:Cagni-class
230:-6° to +85°
803:Categories
771:References
733:0870214594
708:2017-03-09
675:0870214594
650:2017-03-09
625:2017-03-09
600:2019-03-30
520:Zara-class
475:Orsa-class
420:Foca-class
385:Brin-class
375:Argo-class
365:Adua-class
760:Stockholm
350:Naval use
226:Elevation
205:112–120 g
107:Hotchkiss
71:1931-1950
742:51995246
684:51995246
236:Traverse
131:Produced
113:Designed
103:Designer
324:History
312:during
216:Caliber
210:42–51 g
785:
740:
730:
682:
672:
527:Sweden
199:weight
161:Barrel
152:Length
58:France
572:Notes
540:Users
358:Italy
197:Shell
185:Shell
125:Breda
79:Italy
783:ISBN
738:OCLC
728:ISBN
680:OCLC
670:ISBN
308:and
296:The
240:360°
171:Crew
144:Mass
134:1931
116:1929
88:Wars
41:Type
805::
758:.
736:.
701:.
678:.
643:.
618:.
588:.
337:.
320:.
791:.
744:.
711:.
686:.
653:.
628:.
603:.
174:1
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