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Bréguet 270

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673: 639: 243:, and formers were typically composed of light alloys instead. Light alloys had been intentionally avoided for primary structures due to its mechanical properties. One key advantage of this structural approach was to permit the size of the fuselage to be minimised considerably which, amongst other benefits, impinged less upon the range of both vision and fire of the observer, although visibility for the pilot remained broadly similar to that of conventional aircraft. Despite its unorthodox nature, evaluation of the design proved that the Bréguet 270's aerodynamic efficiency was equal to that of most conventional aircraft of the era. 721: 336:
cockpits formed an independent unit that was superimposed upon the central box to form, together with the engine cowling, the bodywork of the aircraft. Various different types of bodies, furnished with appropriate equipment for the mission to which the aircraft was to be tasked, with were available. The demountable body housing the pilot and observer's cockpits was of light duralumin construction; access to both cockpits was acquired via doors that were mounted so that they could be rapidly dropped mid-flight by merely knocking a lever so that emergency egress via
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The design of the tail boom was particularly convenient in respect to the flight controls, all connections with the tail's movable surfaces were concealed inside of the spar while a conventional rudder bar was dispensed with in favour of a pair of pivoting pedals, one on each side of the spar. All connections with the tail surfaces and ailerons were rigid; dual control were fitted as standard although the observer's stick was removable. The use of tubes was intentionally avoided wherever possible.
615: 389: 332:. These ailerons were divided into two portions, one of which was elastically mounted in such a manner that the effort required by the pilot was relatively uniform. Actuation of the ailerons was achieved via a series of toothed rods. As a result of the unusual strut arrangement used, the upper wing's incidence could be adjusted relatively easily via the use of a special spanner. 592: 37: 352:
The Bréguet 270 was designed to be powered by virtually any engine in the 500 to 650 hp range; it uses a relatively simple steel engine mounting that gave good accessibility to all parts that required attention. It could be replaced in mere minutes, being secured to the forward portion of the central
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protected the occupant from external weather conditions. The observer's cockpit, which was also provided with a windshield, had a camera mounting installed in front of it, which, in combination with sliding apertures in the bodywork, facilitated convenient photography from both vertical and oblique
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attached to the tips of the lower wings in addition to the central cabane. The bracing members comprised two channel steel profiles that were riveted together back to back and disposed at right angles. It was strengthened using ribs, the majority of which were composed of duralumin while a minority
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The forward end of the tail boom was attached to the rear of the central box by means of a heavy triangular stamped steel frame and a U-shaped steel frame. The rear end of the tail boom supported the stabilizing surfaces of the tail unit along with a compact swivelling wheel for the undercarriage.
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The aircraft's backbone is composed of two distinct parts, a central box and the tail boom; the former consisted of a steel beam of a small cross-section, attached at its forward end to the central box and resting directly on the lower wing, to which is bolted to the detachable engine unit. The
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Being a sesquiplane, the lower wing of the Bréguet 270 was considerably smaller than the upper wing, accounting for only 17.6 per cent of the total area. Despite this, the lower wing was the centre point of the aircraft's structure, and thus had immense strength. Being a single-piece unit, it
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exhibited mediocre performance during flight trials. Nonetheless, the French military opted to place orders for 85 aircraft in 1930 and a further 45 in 1932, this latter batch having a more powerful engine fitted. Two high-altitude reconnaissance versions were also built as the
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in order that riveted stiffeners could be dispensed with. Seeking to ease the tasks of maintenance, repairs, and replacement, the assembly of the aircraft was deliberately shaped so to maximise interchangeability and standardise elements such pins and bolts. Permanent
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comprised a single spar of box construction composed of steel. It featured flanges made from large drawn plates with reinforcing corrugations joined by sheet webs stiffened in a similar manner. Internal frames of stamped steel provided considerable strength while the
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The structure of the upper wing comprised two identical I-shaped steel spars with corrugated sheet steel webs and butterfly drawn profiles as flanges. It was free of compression tubes, except where struts joined with the spars. The upper wing was supported via
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sheeting that ran lengthwise between two adjacent ribs and riveted along the edges of the latter through an interposed inverted U-shaped strips of duralumin. Attachments for steel fittings at each end of the spar were provided for the wing
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In addition to its primary aerodynamic purpose, the lower wing served various secondary purposes. Its internal space accommodated, amongst other things, a total of four fuel tanks; for greater fuel capacity, the
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for all stressed elements of the structure, a choice that represented a considerable departure from accepted practice of the era; the Bréguet 27 would be the first aircraft to employ such construction.
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were used in the construction process. All parts were designed to facilitate automatic riveting by machine while the number of rivets was reduced to a minimum via the use of processes such as the
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Cony, Christophe; Cortet, Pierre; Moulin, Jacques (October 2002). "Premier des "tout acier", le Bréguet 270 et sa descendance: 4 / De la "drôle du guerre" à la campagne de France".
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on either side could be replaced by a tank that had an identical external shape. The lower wing also bared a 'backbone' that substitutes for a conventional fuselage as well as the
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was as easy as possible for both crew. The pilot's cockpit was relatively roomy and comfortable; all instrumentation was conveniently placed while a curved
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wires or rods and thus excluding rigging. All stressed structural members were composed of high-tensile steel, while secondary members, such as coverings,
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The two Breguet 33 high-altitude reconnaissance prototypes were used to make significant long-distance flights. The first aircraft was flown from
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at the time of the initial German offensive. After they began suffering combat losses, the Army withdrew all remaining examples from service.
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Cortet, Pierre; Moulin, Jacques (September 2002). "Premier des "tout acier", le Bréguet 270 et sa descendance: 3 / L'entre-deux-guerres".
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s, with a more powerful 484 kW (650 hp) engine, and larger useful load were ordered. Older 270s were modified for VIP
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before returning to Paris via Saigon, eventually covering around 35,000 km (22,000 mi). Hilsz also won the 1936
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in 7 days, 9 hours and 50 minutes, and back again in just 3 days 4 hours and 17 minutes. The second aircraft (christened
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aircraft that featured a somewhat unorthodox design. Its structure was entirely rigid, lacking any internal or external
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on 23 February 1929. In addition to its adoption by the Armée de l'Ai, it was also sold on the export market to both
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of master ribs were composed of steel instead. A third false spar, composed of duralumin, was used to anchor the
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Cortet, Pierre; Moulin, Jacques (August 2002). "Premier des "tout acier", le Bréguet 270 et sa descendance".
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Cortet, Pierre; Moulin, Jacques (June 2002). "Premier des "tout acier", le Bréguet 270 et sa descendance".
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Cony, Christophe; Cortet, Pierre; Moulin, Jacques (November 2002). "Les Bréguet 27 à l'étranger".
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Cortet, Pierre; Moulin, Jacques (December 2002). "Breguet 330 : Les derniers "tout acier"".
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engine, 13 built and one converted from a Bre 270. Ten more were built for China powered by
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radial engine. One built and first flown in January 1934. Raced by Maryse Hilsz in 1935.
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Prototypes (ten built) and initial production version (143 built) powered by a single
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A single Bre.27S was constructed, modified from the Bre.330 No.2, powered by a single
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engines, with three also being modified from Hispano-Suiza 12Ybrs powered versions.
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flying a Breguet 27 at an average speed of 277 km/h (172 mph).
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aircraft designed and produced by the French aircraft manufacturer
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490 L (130 US gal; 110 imp gal) (maximum)
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got ahold of remaining Bréguet 270's when France collapse in 1940.
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Breguet 27s continued in military service through the outbreak of
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The various parts of the aircraft were typically assembled using
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that sought a new two-seat observation aircraft to replace the
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Breguet 274 with Gnome-Rhône 14K (Mistral Major) 900 HP engine
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2-bladed Bréguet, 3.05 m (10 ft 0 in) diameter
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Breguet 270 3-view drawing from NACA Aircraft Circular No.127
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It was designed in response to a requirement released by the
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Second Bre.330 prototype optimised for long-duration flight.
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was mounted on a boom behind the fuselage. It performed its
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Six minutes and 10 seconds to 2,000 m (6,600 ft)
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operated three Bre.270 aircraft and nine Bre.273 aircraft.
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The French army ordered 85 270s in 1930. In 1932, 45
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was provided with horizontal hinges, akin to a car's
1986: 1805: 1449: 1383: 184:The Bréguet 27 was designed in response to a 1928 884:1 × trainable, rearward-firing 7.7 mm (.303 in) 845:7,750 m (25,430 ft) (absolute ceiling) 219:, but these did not lead to further production. 547:Version powered by a 825 hp (615 kW) 2030:1920s French military reconnaissance aircraft 1360: 8: 1329:National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics 878:1 × fixed, forward-firing 7.7 mm (.303 in) 857:29 minutes to 6,000 m (20,000 ft) 1367: 1353: 1345: 1332:, 1 September 1930. NACA-AC-127, 93R19708. 1303:(in French). No. 117. pp. 47–51. 1294:(in French). No. 114. pp. 34–47. 1285:(in French). No. 113. pp. 18–27. 1267:(in French). No. 116. pp. 41–51. 1258:(in French). No. 115. pp. 20–33. 1108: 1106: 1060: 1058: 1276:(in French). No. 111. pp. 7–14. 1120: 1118: 1016: 1014: 839:1,000 km (620 mi, 540 nmi) 833:236 km/h (147 mph, 127 kn) 607:received small batch of Bre.270 aircraft. 559:High-altitude version of Breguet 27 with 156:that ended abruptly, aft of the two open 1030: 1028: 1026: 995: 993: 991: 963: 961: 959: 957: 311:, the design of which Bréguet secured a 1312:. London: Studio Editions. p. 199. 928: 315:on, as well as a special type of wheel 630:received ten Bre.273 aircraft in 1934. 26: 202:, made extensive use of high-tensile 7: 774:49.67 m (534.6 sq ft) 756:17.01 m (55 ft 10 in) 762:7.58 m (24 ft 10 in) 513:Théatres des Operations Extérieures 1163:The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft 912:List of Interwar military aircraft 896:12 × 10 kg (22 lb) bombs 768:3.58 m (11 ft 9 in) 750:9.76 m (32 ft 0 in) 25: 531:variant for export, powered by a 267:were used for all subassemblies. 1318:World Aircraft Information Files 694: 671: 637: 613: 590: 227:The Bréguet 270 was a twin-seat 35: 2035:Single-engined tractor aircraft 1310:Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation 1165:. Prospero Books. p. 118. 657:received 85 Bre.270 designated 563:engine, one later redesignated 111:Venezuelan Air Force and China 73:Marcel Vuillierme, Rene Dorand 1308:Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). 369:fitted for night operations. 1: 792:2,900 kg (6,393 lb) 786:2,550 kg (5,622 lb) 780:1,676 kg (3,695 lb) 628:Chinese Nationalist Air Force 2055:Aircraft first flown in 1929 420:on a tour of Asia, visiting 1161:Donald, David, ed. (1997). 812:, 370 kW (500 hp) 716:Specifications (Bre.270A.2) 353:box by only four pins. The 2071: 1218:Cony, Cortet & Moulin 1202:Cony, Cortet & Moulin 1186:Cony, Cortet & Moulin 661:and 45 Bre.271 designated 256:corrugating of sheet metal 1973:Vultur (carrier aircraft) 43: 34: 29: 744:two (pilot and observer) 381:, still equipping three 735:General characteristics 519:radial engine, 1 built. 499:Version powered by the 487:Version powered by the 52:Reconnaissance aircraft 2045:French patrol aircraft 1082:NACA 1930, pp. 2-3, 5. 725: 686:Vichy French Air Force 393: 392:Codos and Robida, 1932 180:Design and development 1999:Gyroplane Laboratoire 1142:NACA 1930, pp. 10-11. 723: 391: 186:request for proposals 1234:Cortet & Moulin 1073:NACA 1930, pp. 3, 5. 1052:NACA 1930, pp. 9-10. 936:Cortet & Moulin 709:Venezuelan Air Force 537:Hispano-Suiza 12Ydrs 533:Hispano-Suiza 12Ybrs 438:Coupe Héléne Boucher 1133:NACA 1930, pp. 8-9. 1100:NACA 1930, pp. 3-7. 1091:NACA 1930, pp. 6-7. 1043:NACA 1930, pp. 2-5. 1020:NACA 1930, pp. 3-4. 985:NACA 1930, pp. 1-4. 976:NACA 1930, pp. 1-2. 951:NACA 1930, pp. 1-3. 880:Vickers machine gun 790:Max takeoff weight: 605:Brazilian Air Force 404:in January 1932 by 373:Operational history 102:Primary users 1224:, pp. 41, 43. 806:Hispano-Suiza 12Hb 726: 561:Hispano-Suiza 12Nb 549:Gnome-Rhône 14Kdrs 503:engine, two built. 477:Hispano-Suiza 12Hb 465:Hispano-Suiza 12Nb 394: 2017: 2016: 1151:NACA 1930, p. 11. 1112:NACA 1930, p. 12. 1064:NACA 1930, p. 10. 849:Time to altitude: 501:Gnome-Rhône 9Kdrs 491:engine, 45 built. 489:Hispano-Suiza 12Y 125: 124: 81:23 February 1929 16:(Redirected from 2062: 2050:Breguet aircraft 1369: 1362: 1355: 1346: 1321: 1313: 1304: 1295: 1286: 1277: 1268: 1259: 1241: 1240:, pp. 34–36 1231: 1225: 1215: 1209: 1199: 1193: 1183: 1177: 1176: 1158: 1152: 1149: 1143: 1140: 1134: 1131: 1125: 1124:NACA 1930, p. 8. 1122: 1113: 1110: 1101: 1098: 1092: 1089: 1083: 1080: 1074: 1071: 1065: 1062: 1053: 1050: 1044: 1041: 1035: 1034:NACA 1930, p. 5. 1032: 1021: 1018: 1009: 1008:NACA 1930, p. 3. 1006: 1000: 999:NACA 1930, p. 4. 997: 986: 983: 977: 974: 968: 967:NACA 1930, p. 2. 965: 952: 949: 943: 933: 867: 843:Service ceiling: 826: 737: 700: 698: 697: 677: 675: 674: 647: 643: 641: 640: 619: 617: 616: 596: 594: 593: 260:rolling of edges 118: 54:Type of aircraft 39: 27: 21: 2070: 2069: 2065: 2064: 2063: 2061: 2060: 2059: 2020: 2019: 2018: 2013: 1982: 1978:Vultur (bomber) 1801: 1445: 1379: 1373: 1339: 1316: 1307: 1298: 1289: 1280: 1271: 1262: 1253: 1250: 1245: 1244: 1232: 1228: 1216: 1212: 1200: 1196: 1184: 1180: 1173: 1160: 1159: 1155: 1150: 1146: 1141: 1137: 1132: 1128: 1123: 1116: 1111: 1104: 1099: 1095: 1090: 1086: 1081: 1077: 1072: 1068: 1063: 1056: 1051: 1047: 1042: 1038: 1033: 1024: 1019: 1012: 1007: 1003: 998: 989: 984: 980: 975: 971: 966: 955: 950: 946: 934: 930: 925: 920: 903: 875: 868: 863: 851: 822: 760:Lower wingspan: 754:Upper wingspan: 733: 718: 695: 693: 672: 670: 638: 636: 635: 614: 612: 591: 589: 586: 527:Reconnaissance- 457: 416:) was flown by 375: 225: 182: 116: 110: 55: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 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1211: 1208:, p. 45. 1207: 1206:November 2002 1205: 1198: 1195: 1192:, p. 47. 1191: 1190:November 2002 1189: 1182: 1179: 1174: 1172:1-85605-375-X 1168: 1164: 1157: 1154: 1148: 1145: 1139: 1136: 1130: 1127: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1109: 1107: 1103: 1097: 1094: 1088: 1085: 1079: 1076: 1070: 1067: 1061: 1059: 1055: 1049: 1046: 1040: 1037: 1031: 1029: 1027: 1023: 1017: 1015: 1011: 1005: 1002: 996: 994: 992: 988: 982: 979: 973: 970: 964: 962: 960: 958: 954: 948: 945: 941: 939: 932: 929: 922: 917: 913: 910: 909: 908: 907: 906:Related lists 900: 895: 892: 887: 883: 881: 877: 876: 874: 871: 870: 869: 866: 856: 853: 852: 850: 847: 844: 841: 838: 835: 832: 829: 828: 827: 825: 817: 814: 811: 808:water-cooled 807: 803: 800: 797: 794: 791: 788: 785: 784:Gross weight: 782: 779: 778:Empty weight: 776: 773: 770: 767: 764: 761: 758: 755: 752: 749: 746: 743: 740: 739: 738: 736: 731: 730: 722: 715: 710: 707: 706: 703: 692: 691: 687: 684: 683: 680: 669: 668: 664: 660: 656: 655: 651: 650: 646: 634: 633: 629: 626: 625: 622: 611: 610: 606: 603: 602: 599: 588: 587: 583: 578: 573: 572: 571: 570: 566: 562: 558: 555: 554: 550: 546: 543: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 523: 522: 518: 514: 510: 507: 506: 502: 498: 495: 494: 490: 486: 483: 482: 478: 474: 471: 470: 466: 462: 459: 458: 454: 452: 450: 446: 441: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 419: 415: 411: 407: 403: 399: 390: 386: 384: 380: 372: 370: 368: 364: 360: 356: 350: 346: 343: 339: 333: 331: 326: 320: 318: 314: 310: 307: 303: 299: 295: 294:undercarriage 291: 285: 283: 278: 274: 268: 266: 261: 257: 253: 249: 244: 242: 238: 234: 230: 222: 220: 218: 213: 208: 205: 201: 197: 193: 192: 187: 179: 177: 175: 171: 167: 166:maiden flight 163: 159: 155: 151: 150: 144: 142: 138: 134: 130: 120: 115: 114: 109: 108: 104: 101: 100: 96: 93: 92: 88: 86:Introduction 85: 84: 80: 78:First flight 77: 76: 72: 69: 68: 65: 62: 60:Manufacturer 59: 58: 51: 48: 47: 42: 38: 33: 28: 19: 2040:Sesquiplanes 1823:Atlantique 2 1546: 1541: 1536: 1531: 1526: 1327: 1317: 1309: 1300: 1291: 1282: 1273: 1264: 1255: 1248:Bibliography 1235: 1229: 1219: 1213: 1203: 1197: 1187: 1181: 1162: 1156: 1147: 1138: 1129: 1096: 1087: 1078: 1069: 1048: 1039: 1004: 981: 972: 947: 937: 931: 905: 904: 893: 888:for observer 872: 864: 862: 848: 842: 836: 830: 823: 821: 815: 801: 795: 789: 783: 777: 771: 765: 759: 753: 747: 741: 734: 732: 728: 727: 679:Vichy France 662: 658: 652: 567:, two built. 564: 517:Renault 9Fas 512: 444: 442: 418:Maryse Hilsz 413: 410:Henri Robida 395: 382: 379:World War II 376: 351: 347: 334: 321: 290:leading edge 286: 269: 245: 226: 216: 209: 189: 183: 160:, while the 147: 145: 128: 126: 117:Number built 105: 1987:Helicopters 1384:Early types 942:, p. 7 824:Performance 816:Propellers: 802:Powerplant: 460:Breguet 27S 445:Breguet 271 229:sesquiplane 200:sesquiplane 133:sesquiplane 129:Bréguet 270 18:Breguet 270 2024:Categories 1968:Universale 1878:Deux-Ponts 918:References 886:Lewis Guns 810:V12 engine 772:Wing area: 663:Bre.271A.2 659:Bre.270A.2 574:Bre.330.01 508:Bre.272TOE 406:Paul Codos 342:windshield 302:motorcycle 217:Breguet 33 196:Bréguet 19 1994:Gyroplane 1913:Louisette 1908:Leviathan 1868:de Chasse 1828:Bellatrix 1396:Gyroplane 940:June 2002 923:Citations 729:Data from 702:Venezuela 584:Operators 367:silencers 338:parachute 277:duralumin 231:military 212:prototype 170:Venezuela 162:empennage 135:military 121:over 227 70:Designer 1948:Provence 1943:Nymphale 1938:Nautilus 1928:Michelin 1898:Integral 1888:Fauvette 1883:Épaulard 1818:Atlantic 1411:Type III 1378:aircraft 901:See also 865:Armament 455:Variants 451:duties. 422:Calcutta 363:radiator 330:ailerons 258:and the 248:riveting 241:cowlings 158:cockpits 154:fuselage 94:Retired 1933:Mouette 1923:Mercure 1873:Cinzano 1863:Colibri 1853:Choucas 1833:Bizerte 1806:By name 1416:Type IV 1406:Type II 1376:Breguet 766:Height: 748:Length: 565:Bre.27S 556:Bre.330 544:Bre.274 524:Bre.273 496:Bre.272 484:Bre.271 479:engine. 472:Bre.270 467:engine. 449:liaison 414:Joé III 383:Groupes 355:cowling 317:bearing 252:welding 237:bracing 141:Breguet 64:Breguet 1958:Saigon 1953:Sahara 1903:Jaguar 1893:Fulgur 1858:Colmar 1436:Type U 1431:Type G 1426:Type A 1421:Type V 1401:Type I 1301:Avions 1292:Avions 1283:Avions 1274:Avions 1265:Avions 1256:Avions 1236:Avions 1220:Avions 1204:Avions 1188:Avions 1169:  938:Avions 894:Bombs: 837:Range: 699:  676:  645:France 642:  618:  598:Brazil 595:  529:bomber 432:, and 426:Saigon 359:bonnet 325:struts 313:patent 282:struts 223:Design 131:was a 2009:G.111 2004:G.11E 1813:Alizé 873:Guns: 742:Crew: 621:China 434:Tokyo 430:Hanoi 402:Hanoi 398:Paris 298:strut 204:steel 174:China 97:1939 89:1930 49:Role 1963:Taon 1918:Mars 1797:1150 1792:1100 1787:1050 1782:1004 1777:1002 1772:1001 1567:393T 1562:392T 1557:390T 1552:280T 1167:ISBN 804:1 × 408:and 273:ribs 265:jigs 210:The 172:and 127:The 30:270 1848:BUM 1843:BUC 1838:BLC 1767:960 1762:941 1757:940 1752:906 1747:905 1742:904 1737:902 1732:901 1727:900 1722:895 1717:894 1712:893 1707:892 1702:891 1697:890 1692:792 1687:791 1682:790 1677:765 1672:763 1667:761 1662:731 1657:730 1652:696 1647:695 1642:694 1637:693 1632:691 1627:690 1622:670 1617:610 1612:530 1607:522 1602:521 1597:500 1592:482 1587:470 1582:462 1577:460 1572:410 1547:274 1542:273 1537:271 1532:270 1522:26T 400:to 2026:: 1527:27 1517:25 1512:22 1507:21 1502:20 1497:19 1492:17 1487:16 1482:14 1477:12 1472:11 1441:LE 1117:^ 1105:^ 1057:^ 1025:^ 1013:^ 990:^ 956:^ 428:, 424:, 284:. 176:. 143:. 1467:6 1462:5 1457:4 1368:e 1361:t 1354:v 1175:. 665:. 511:( 20:)

Index

Breguet 270

Breguet
Armée de l'Air
sesquiplane
reconnaissance
Breguet
Armée de l'Air
fuselage
cockpits
empennage
maiden flight
Venezuela
China
request for proposals
Armée de l'Air
Bréguet 19
sesquiplane
steel
prototype
sesquiplane
reconnaissance
bracing
cowlings
riveting
welding
corrugating of sheet metal
rolling of edges
jigs
ribs

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