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interventions could reduce alcohol consumption in hazardous or harmful drinkers. Digital brief interventions were found to be similarly effective with again moderate quality evidence that online brief interventions targeting alcohol reduced drinks per week by three standard drinks. Whilst these reviews are robust, they are limited in their ability to summarise change because many of the studies are not measuring the same outcomes in the same way. One review found that in 405 trials, there were 2641 separate outcomes measured in 1560 different ways. When diverse outcomes are used, data is hard to bring together in a
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for some people, skills for drinking in a way that will minimize harm can be considered if abstinence is not viewed as realistic, attainable, or attractive. For example, blood alcohol concentration level estimation training enables people to set limits for moderate goals that are unique to their gender, weight, and time spent drinking. Teaching practical strategies for reaching these limits, such as spacing one's drinks, pacing oneself, alternating alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks, consuming food before drinking and drinking for promote success.
148:. As an alcohol intervention it is typically targeted to non-dependent drinkers, or drinkers who might be experiencing problems but are not seeking treatment. It is an approach which aims to prevent the acceleration or impact of alcohol problems, and/or to reduce alcohol consumption. It can be carried out in a range of settings such as in primary care, emergency or other hospital departments, criminal justice settings, workplaces, online, university/college settings, and other settings.
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Motivational interviewing is a technique which aims to be both non-judgmental and non-confrontational. Its success depends largely on the presentation of objective feedback based on information provided by an individual. The technique involves acknowledgement that individuals who attend a counselling
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When the assessment is complete, people receive personalized feedback about their alcohol consumption and related behaviors. For instance, 'feedback' highlights that the person's drinking may be placing their health at risk, and is above recommended consumption guidelines. In groups (e.g., a social
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This technique acknowledges that people may come to a counseling session, an assessment, or a prevention program at different levels of readiness to change their drinking behavior. Some people may have never thought of making changes in their drinking, others may have thought about it but not taken
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Shorter GW, Heather N, Bray JW, Berman AH, Giles EL, O’Donnell AJ, Barbosa C, Clarke M, Holloway A, Newbury-Birch D. Prioritization of outcomes in efficacy and effectiveness of alcohol brief intervention trials: international Multi-Stakeholder e-Delphi consensus study to inform a core outcome set.
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In doing so, they provide harm reduction strategies for those who choose to drink. This means that moderate drinking goals may also be considered, recognising that any steps toward safer alcohol consumption are steps in the right direction. Consequently, while abstinence may be the optimal outcome
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Skills training programs can work well with motivational interviewing techniques, as skills training programs work to provide the individual with the skills to make these changes in their drinking behavior, as the motivational interviewing simultaneously works to make the individual aware of their
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A range of systematic reviews published by
Cochrane have described a small to medium effect size showing change in primarily alcohol use as a result of these interventions. For example in a recent review of primary care patients including 69 studies, moderate quality evidence was found that brief
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The technique attempts to increase a person's awareness of the potential problems caused, consequences experienced, and risks faced as a result of patterns of alcohol consumption. As feedback is presented, the clinician or program provider may foster the development of discrepancies between the
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Kaner EFS, Beyer FR, Garnett C, Crane D, Brown J, Muirhead C, Redmore J, O'Donnell A, Newham JJ, de Vocht F, Hickman M, Brown H, Maniatopoulos G, Michie S. Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community-dwelling populations.
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Shorter GW, Bray JW, Giles EL, O’Donnell AJ, Berman AH, Holloway A, Heather N, Barbosa C, Stockdale KJ, Scott SJ, Clarke M. The variability of outcomes used in efficacy and effectiveness trials of alcohol brief interventions: a systematic review. Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs. 2019
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Newbury-Birch, D., McGovern, R., Birch, J., O'Neill, G., Kaner, H., Sondhi, A., & Lynch, K. (2016). A rapid systematic review of what we know about alcohol use disorders and brief interventions in the criminal justice system. International
Journal of Prisoner Health. 12(1): 57-70.
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Skills training programs develop skills for consuming alcohol in a safer way. One of the limitations of information-only programs is that they may raise awareness and information about the effects of a substance, but leave the individual to make behavioural changes themselves.
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Kaner EFS, Beyer FR, Muirhead C, Campbell F, Pienaar ED, Bertholet N, Daeppen JB, Saunders JB, Burnand B. Effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions in primary care populations. Cochrane
Database of Systematic Reviews 2018, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD004148. DOI:
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fraternity or sorority), feedback can be given based on data collected from group members prior to an intervention program. Some researchers have used mailed feedback after collecting data on a questionnaire such that no face-to-face interaction actually occurs.
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steps to change it, some may be actively trying to cut down, and others may have already cut down, and succeeded in maintaining reduced consumption. Motivational
Interviewing attempts to address the specific issues that people are facing at any particular stage.
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Bertholet, N., Daeppen, J. B., Wietlisbach, V., Fleming, M., & Burnand, B. (2005). Reduction of alcohol consumption by brief alcohol intervention in primary care: systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of internal medicine, 165(9), 986-995.
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Schulte, B., O’Donnell, A. J., Kastner, S., Schmidt, C. S., Schäfer, I., & Reimer, J. (2014). Alcohol screening and brief intervention in workplace settings and social services: a comparison of literature. Frontiers in psychiatry, 5, 131.
155:(AUDIT). This is then followed by some degree of feedback on this assessment. Alcohol Brief Interventions can be brief, such as delivered in a single session, or extended with multiple components or designed to be used multiple times.
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Samson, J. E., & Tanner-Smith, E. E. (2015). Single-session alcohol interventions for heavy drinking college students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 76(4), 530-543.
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Pedersen, B., Oppedal, K., Egund, L., & Tønnesen, H. (2011). Will emergency and surgical patients participate in and complete alcohol interventions? A systematic review. BMC surgery, 11(1), 26.
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In short, the strategy seeks to prompt individuals to think differently about their use of alcohol and ultimately consider what might be gained through change.
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Boumparis, N., Schulte, M.H.J. & Riper, H. Digital Mental Health for
Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders. Curr Treat Options Psych 6, 352–366 (2019).
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Brief intervention includes 'screening' or 'identification' whereby a person's drinking risk level is assessed using a validated tool such as the
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by getting people to think differently about their alcohol use so that they begin to think about or make changes in their alcohol consumption.
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session, assessment or prevention program may be at different levels of readiness to change their alcohol consumption patterns, including:
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McCambridge, Jim; Bendtsen, Marcus; Karlsson, Nadine; White, Ian R.; Nilsen, Per; Bendtsen, Preben (November 2013).
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McCambridge, Jim; Bendtsen, Marcus; Karlsson, Nadine; White, Ian R.; Nilsen, Per; Bendtsen, Preben (November 2013).
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144:. This page primarily describes brief interventions as applied to
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Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs. 2019 May;80(3):299-309.
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Bien, Thomas H.; Miller, William R.; Tonigan, J. Scott (1993).
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Ban on caffeinated alcoholic drinks in the United States
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http://guidance.nice.org.uk/PH24/Guidance/pdf/English
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1096:Drunk walking
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280:Effectiveness
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60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1924:Gin Act 1751
1914:Bratt System
1907:
1903:
1770:Measurement
1704:Breathalyzer
1548:
1474:Shoulder tap
1126:
1000:Beer goggles
577:
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290:through the
272:
263:
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255:
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234:
230:
212:
210:techniques.
205:
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72:
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53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1904:Beer Street
1855:Homotaurine
1850:Acamprosate
1721:Dry January
1700:Monitoring
1601:Teetotalism
1594:Malt drinks
1384:Alcohol law
1156:Yard of ale
1101:Drunkorexia
913:intolerance
706:Rum-running
261:behaviour.
2022:Categories
1984:Town drunk
1816:Disulfiram
1764:Small beer
1730:Campaigns
1564:Drunk tank
1537:Dry campus
1447:Dry county
1229:Rum ration
1209:Dipsomania
1138:Pantsdrunk
931:Red wine:
721:Alcoholism
711:Wine fraud
298:References
69:newspapers
1919:Dry state
1826:Cyanamide
1660:Sobrietol
1459:Last call
1425:DWI court
1278:Beer mile
1249:Speakeasy
1219:Gin Craze
1151:Beer bong
1106:Dry drunk
1079:Pregaming
927:Potomania
909:Tolerance
899:Pregnancy
774:Chemistry
696:Nip joint
691:Moonshine
522:0965-2140
500:Addiction
2007:Category
1908:Gin Lane
1665:Quit lit
1589:Spritzer
1519:Sobriety
1374:Alcohol
1355:Whiskey
1183:Sconcing
1133:Nightcap
1059:Blackout
889:Cortisol
786:Congener
481:24072758
419:24072758
284:Efficacy
269:Evidence
243:Feedback
1942:Related
1896:History
1681:0-0-1-3
1376:control
1263:General
1239:Shebeen
1192:History
862:Anxiety
824:Effects
798:Ethanol
647:Alcohol
530:8461850
472:3814613
410:3814613
146:alcohol
83:scholar
1716:FRAMES
925:Beer:
918:Weight
894:Memory
877:Cancer
660:crimes
528:
520:
479:
469:
417:
407:
176:FRAMES
170:FRAMES
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1979:Spins
1634:(ACA)
1628:(AA):
1394:(ALS)
1274:Beer
1052:Zapoy
904:Sleep
872:Brain
867:Aging
761:(HFA)
675:(DUI)
90:JSTOR
76:books
1906:and
1074:list
526:PMID
518:ISSN
477:PMID
415:PMID
62:news
995:Sex
650:use
508:doi
467:PMC
459:doi
455:203
405:PMC
397:doi
393:203
282:or
138:IBA
130:SBI
45:by
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631:e
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136:(
128:(
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106:(
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97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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