79:
234:
have the principal advantage of very low energy consumption, and that they can be reduced in size to fit into microelectronic-based systems. On the downside, short and long term drift effects, as well as a rather low overall lifetime, are major obstacles when compared with the NDIR measurement
2335:
124:
tube, an interference (wavelength) filter, and an infrared detector. The gas is pumped or diffuses into the light tube, and the electronics measure the absorption of the characteristic
239:
sensors are fully calibrated prior to shipping from the factory. Over time, the zero point of the sensor needs to be calibrated to maintain the long term stability of the sensor.
2285:
936:
Proceedings of the 4th
International Symposium on Building and Ductwork Air Tightness and 30th AIVC Conference on Trends in High Performance Buildings and the Role of Ventilation
2315:
713:
2330:
1823:
1072:
2325:
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1029:
928:
2130:
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2252:
620:
2113:
144:
2155:
1868:
1404:
1133:
278:
concentration for ventilation and occupancy purposes. Furthermore, inasmuch as ventilation is a factor in the spread of respiratory
992:
Arief-Ang, I.B.; Salim, F.D.; Hamilton, M. (2018-04-14). "SD-HOC: Seasonal
Decomposition Algorithm for Mining Lagged Time Series".
1224:
2305:
2119:
1499:
1063:
295:
156:
949:
Arief-Ang, I.B.; Hamilton, M.; Salim, F. (2018-06-01). "RUP: Large Room
Utilisation Prediction with carbon dioxide sensor".
2456:
2267:
2211:
2206:
1783:
1311:
454:
330:-based sensors are less susceptible as they are more specific to human breathing, although the very health conditions the
94:
87:
1828:
1379:
1300:
1259:
128:
of light. NDIR sensors are most often used for measuring carbon dioxide. The best of these have sensitivities of 20–50
2171:
1973:
1484:
1419:
1337:
1249:
1113:
724:
2320:
2201:
1908:
1673:
1517:
411:
318:
eq). Although the readings tend to be good enough in the long run, introducing non-respiration sources of VOC or CO
195:
187:
2373:
2232:
2196:
1998:
1628:
1583:
1511:
1363:
1306:
449:
sensors can be used to monitor the quality of air and the tailored need for fresh air, respectively. Measuring CO
299:
260:
2420:
2242:
1938:
1538:
1317:
1208:
1193:
482:
256:
159:(MEMS) IR sources to bring down the costs of this sensor and to create smaller devices (for example for use in
453:
levels indirectly determines how many people are in a room, and ventilation can be adjusted accordingly. See
2451:
2415:
2340:
2262:
2191:
2135:
2067:
1963:
1878:
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1229:
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applications. In this case they are mated to an ATR (attenuated total reflection) optic and measure the gas
2405:
2367:
2247:
1958:
1389:
28:
590:"A low cost MEMS based NDIR system for the monitoring of carbon dioxide in breath analysis at ppm levels"
2425:
2103:
1778:
1449:
1269:
1000:]. Communications in Computer and Information Science. Vol. 845. Springer. pp. 125–143.
2446:
2227:
2217:
2161:
2098:
1993:
1573:
1522:
1088:
878:
810:
503:"Real-time occupancy detection with physics-informed pattern-recognition machines based on limited CO
467:
331:
207:
2093:
2083:
2057:
1843:
1505:
1414:
1384:
1284:
1254:
1148:
1108:
346:
853:
799:"Exhaled CO 2 as a COVID-19 Infection Risk Proxy for Different Indoor Environments and Activities"
2356:
2300:
2237:
2014:
1893:
1888:
1678:
1489:
1474:
1056:
974:
779:
536:
351:
59:
210:. These pressure waves are then detected with an acoustic detector and converted to a usable CO
78:
1928:
1883:
1638:
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1563:
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1009:
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1322:
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1001:
958:
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826:
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761:
695:
635:
601:
570:
518:
501:
Kampezidou, S. I.; Tikayat Ray, A.; Duncan, S.; Balchanos, M.G.; Mavris, D.N. (2021-01-07).
436:
160:
766:
749:
194:
can be measured by subjecting a sample to pulses of electromagnetic energy (such as from a
2390:
2362:
2004:
1918:
1913:
1858:
1848:
1838:
1768:
1708:
1623:
1608:
1429:
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814:
2140:
2037:
1813:
1793:
1758:
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1613:
1454:
1444:
1353:
1203:
1173:
1128:
1123:
901:
866:
831:
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428:
401:
381:
167:
47:
574:
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2222:
2073:
1968:
1933:
1703:
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1439:
1409:
1279:
1178:
1158:
1138:
1049:
783:
699:
589:
540:
472:
365:
116:
in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. The key components are an
978:
2400:
2078:
1978:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1873:
1808:
1688:
1658:
1598:
1593:
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1358:
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109:
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2009:
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1663:
1588:
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1553:
1369:
1234:
1153:
1005:
822:
251:
For indoor environments such as offices or gyms where the principal source of CO
100:
58:) and chemical gas sensors. Measuring carbon dioxide is important in monitoring
962:
143:
for applications such as beverage carbonation, pharmaceutical fermentation and
2166:
2088:
2019:
1988:
1863:
1833:
1763:
1713:
1683:
1668:
1643:
1548:
1348:
1244:
1163:
1103:
605:
422:
406:
391:
370:
125:
63:
970:
532:
2125:
1803:
1798:
1748:
1723:
1578:
1374:
748:
Moriyama, Miyu; Hugentobler, Walter J.; Iwasaki, Akiko (29 September 2020).
386:
206:
molecules within the sample will absorb and generate pressure waves via the
910:
840:
775:
17:
2108:
2042:
1543:
1343:
1143:
1118:
1093:
686:
sensors with silicon-based polymers on quartz microbalance transducers".
375:
356:
287:
117:
1618:
1290:
682:
Zhou, R.; Vaihinger, S.; Geckeler, K.E.; Göpel, W. (1994). "Reliable CO
323:
998:
SD-HOC: Seasonal
Decomposition Algorithm for Mining Lagged Time Series
891:
2295:
2047:
1853:
1603:
639:
417:
2310:
1743:
302:(MOS) technology. The reading they generate is called estimated CO
279:
121:
77:
1818:
1738:
557:
Lang, T.; Wiemhöfer, H.D.; Göpel, W. (1996). "Carbonate based CO
442:
274:) concentrations provides a good-enough estimator of the real CO
105:
55:
1045:
854:
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/04/210407143809.html
294:. Sensors for these substances can be made using cheap (~$ 20)
198:) that is tuned specifically to the absorption wavelength of CO
132:. Typical NDIR sensors cost in the (US) $ 100 to $ 1000 range.
174:
in a liquid, if the amount of foreign gases is insignificant.
929:"MOS gas sensor technology for demand controlled ventilation"
230:
gas sensors with sensitive layers based on polymer- or hetero
290:
risk; the worse the ventilation, the better for viruses and
170:) also can be used to measure the amount of dissolved CO
1030:"Demand Control Ventilation Benefits for Your Building"
259:, rescaling some easier-to-measure quantities such as
2383:
2349:
2276:
2180:
2028:
1531:
1217:
1079:
865:Rüffer, D; Hoehne, F; Bühler, J (31 March 2018).
867:"New Digital Metal-Oxide (MOx) Sensor Platform"
803:Environmental Science & Technology Letters
588:Vincent, T.A.; Gardner, J.W. (November 2016).
214:reading through a computer or microprocessor.
1057:
750:"Seasonality of Respiratory Viral Infections"
634:(PhD). Cranfield University. pp. 35–36.
62:, the function of the lungs in the form of a
8:
797:Peng, Zhe; Jimenez, Jose L. (11 May 2021).
334:is set to diagnose will also disrupt them.
1824:High efficiency glandless circulating pump
1073:Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
1064:
1050:
1042:
900:
890:
830:
765:
522:
2258:Mold growth, assessment, and remediation
270:
46:is an instrument for the measurement of
927:Herberger S, Herold M, Ulmer H (2009).
493:
66:device, and many industrial processes.
922:
920:
767:10.1146/annurev-virology-012420-022445
621:"3.5 Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (PAS)"
552:
550:
139:sensors are also used for dissolved CO
50:gas. The most common principles for CO
2131:Programmable communicating thermostat
326:, will undermine their reliability. H
7:
2253:Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing
455:demand controlled ventilation (DCV)
202:. With each pulse of energy, the CO
2114:Minimum efficiency reporting value
628:NDIR Instrumentation Design for CO
322:, such as peeling fruits or using
54:sensors are infrared gas sensors (
25:
2156:Standard temperature and pressure
1869:Packaged terminal air conditioner
1405:Passive daytime radiative cooling
1134:Heat pump and refrigeration cycle
688:Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical
594:Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical
563:Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical
155:. New developments include using
1225:Absorption-compression heat pump
659:Sensors - Infineon Technologies"
561:sensors with high performance".
70:Nondispersive infrared (NDIR) CO
2120:Normal temperature and pressure
1500:Vapor-compression refrigeration
951:Pervasive and Mobile Computing
296:Microelectromechanical systems
286:levels are a rough metric for
157:microelectromechanical systems
1:
2268:Testing, adjusting, balancing
2212:Building information modeling
2207:Building services engineering
1784:Ground-coupled heat exchanger
1312:Demand controlled ventilation
1260:Building insulation materials
619:Zakaria, Ryadh (March 2010).
575:10.1016/S0925-4005(96)01846-1
524:10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.110863
95:Nondispersive infrared sensor
88:nondispersive infrared sensor
1829:High-pressure cut-off switch
1380:Ice storage air conditioning
1301:Dedicated outdoor air system
871:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
700:10.1016/0925-4005(93)01018-Y
86:concentration meter using a
2172:Thermostatic radiator valve
1974:Thermostatic radiator valve
1485:Underfloor air distribution
1420:Radiant heating and cooling
1338:Energy recovery ventilation
1250:Automobile air conditioning
1114:Domestic energy consumption
1006:10.1007/978-981-13-0292-3_8
823:10.1021/acs.estlett.1c00183
653:AG, Infineon Technologies.
2473:
2321:Institute of Refrigeration
2202:Architectural technologist
1674:Electrostatic precipitator
963:10.1016/j.pmcj.2018.03.001
196:distributed feedback laser
188:photoacoustic spectroscopy
98:
92:
26:
2374:Volatile organic compound
2233:Environmental engineering
2197:Architectural engineering
1999:Ultra-low particulate air
1584:Automatic balancing valve
1512:Variable refrigerant flow
1364:Heat recovery ventilation
1307:Deep water source cooling
754:Annual Review of Virology
606:10.1016/j.snb.2016.04.016
300:metal oxide semiconductor
261:volatile organic compound
2421:Template:Home automation
2243:Kitchen exhaust cleaning
1939:Solar-assisted heat pump
1539:Air conditioner inverter
1318:Displacement ventilation
1209:Vapour pressure of water
1194:Thermal destratification
507:and temperature sensors"
483:Colorimetric capnography
27:Not to be confused with
2416:World Refrigeration Day
2263:Refrigerant reclamation
2192:Architectural acoustics
2136:Programmable thermostat
2068:Clean air delivery rate
1964:Thermal expansion valve
1879:Pressurisation ductwork
1789:Ground source heat pump
1230:Absorption refrigerator
718:Auto-Calibration Guide"
2406:Glossary of HVAC terms
2368:Sick building syndrome
2248:Mechanical engineering
1959:Smoke exhaust ductwork
1390:Mixed-mode ventilation
186:can be measured using
90:
29:Carbon monoxide sensor
2426:Template:Solar energy
2104:Intelligent buildings
2063:Carbon dioxide sensor
1450:Room air distribution
1270:Central solar heating
1035:. KMC Controls. 2013.
362:Cellar and gas stores
190:. Concentration of CO
178:Photoacoustic sensors
81:
36:carbon dioxide sensor
2457:Indoor air pollution
2228:Duct leakage testing
2218:Deep energy retrofit
2162:Thermographic camera
2099:Infrared thermometer
1574:Air source heat pump
1523:Water heat recycling
1089:Air changes per hour
511:Energy and Buildings
468:Exhaust gas analyzer
347:Modified atmospheres
332:hydrogen breath test
208:photoacoustic effect
112:sensors to detect CO
2094:HVAC control system
2084:Home energy monitor
2058:Building automation
1844:Inverter compressor
1506:Variable air volume
1415:Passive ventilation
1385:Kitchen ventilation
1285:Constant air volume
1255:Autonomous building
883:2018Senso..18.1052.
815:2021EnSTL...8..392P
2357:Indoor air quality
2301:ASTM International
2238:Hydronic balancing
2015:Wood-burning stove
1894:Radiator reflector
1679:Evaporative cooler
1490:Underfloor heating
1475:Thermal insulation
437:occupancy counting
352:Indoor air quality
235:principle. Most CO
91:
60:indoor air quality
2434:
2433:
2350:Health and safety
1929:Scroll compressor
1884:Process duct work
1639:Convection heater
1634:Condensing boiler
1564:Air-mixing plenum
1460:Solar combisystem
1296:Cross ventilation
1099:Building envelope
1015:978-981-13-0291-6
892:10.3390/s18041052
435:For indoor human
16:(Redirected from
2464:
2396:Building science
2151:Smart thermostat
2146:Room temperature
1729:Fireplace insert
1435:Radon mitigation
1333:Electric heating
1328:District heating
1323:District cooling
1240:Air conditioning
1066:
1059:
1052:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1026:
1020:
1019:
989:
983:
982:
946:
940:
939:
933:
924:
915:
914:
904:
894:
862:
856:
851:
845:
844:
834:
794:
788:
787:
769:
745:
739:
738:
736:
735:
729:
723:. Archived from
722:
710:
704:
703:
694:(1–3): 415–420.
679:
673:
672:
670:
669:
663:www.infineon.com
650:
644:
643:
625:
616:
610:
609:
585:
579:
578:
554:
545:
544:
526:
498:
445:applications, CO
273:
166:Another method (
161:air conditioning
21:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2430:
2391:ASHRAE Handbook
2379:
2363:Passive smoking
2345:
2278:
2272:
2184:
2182:
2176:
2030:
2024:
2005:Whole-house fan
1919:Run-around coil
1914:Reversing valve
1859:Mechanical room
1849:Kerosene heater
1839:Infrared heater
1769:Gasoline heater
1709:Fan filter unit
1624:Condensate pump
1609:Centrifugal fan
1527:
1430:Radiant heating
1425:Radiant cooling
1400:Passive cooling
1395:Microgeneration
1265:Central heating
1213:
1189:Thermal comfort
1081:
1075:
1070:
1040:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1016:
991:
990:
986:
948:
947:
943:
931:
926:
925:
918:
864:
863:
859:
852:
848:
796:
795:
791:
747:
746:
742:
733:
731:
727:
720:
717:
712:
711:
707:
685:
681:
680:
676:
667:
665:
658:
652:
651:
647:
631:
623:
618:
617:
613:
587:
586:
582:
560:
556:
555:
548:
506:
500:
499:
495:
491:
464:
452:
448:
382:Confined spaces
340:
329:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
285:
277:
272:
268:
254:
249:
246:
238:
229:
224:
221:
213:
205:
201:
193:
185:
180:
173:
163:applications).
148:
142:
138:
115:
103:
97:
85:
76:
73:
53:
43:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2470:
2468:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2452:Carbon dioxide
2449:
2439:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
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2371:
2365:
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2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2282:
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2274:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2141:Psychrometrics
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2117:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2038:Air flow meter
2034:
2032:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1814:Heating system
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1794:Heat exchanger
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1759:Gas compressor
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1694:Expansion tank
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1614:Ceramic heater
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1455:Solar air heat
1452:
1447:
1445:Renewable heat
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1361:
1356:
1354:Forced-air gas
1351:
1346:
1341:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1309:
1304:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1204:Thermodynamics
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1174:Psychrometrics
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1129:Gas compressor
1126:
1124:Fluid dynamics
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1085:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1061:
1054:
1046:
1039:
1038:
1021:
1014:
984:
941:
916:
857:
846:
809:(5): 392–397.
789:
740:
715:
705:
683:
674:
656:
645:
629:
611:
580:
569:(1–3): 383–7.
558:
546:
504:
492:
490:
487:
486:
485:
480:
475:
470:
463:
460:
459:
458:
450:
446:
439:
433:
432:
431:
429:Decaffeination
426:
420:
415:
409:
404:
402:Transportation
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
373:
368:
366:Marine vessels
363:
360:
354:
349:
339:
336:
327:
319:
315:
314:equivalent (CO
311:
307:
303:
283:
275:
252:
248:
244:
241:
236:
227:
223:
219:
216:
211:
203:
199:
191:
183:
179:
176:
171:
146:
140:
136:
113:
93:Main article:
83:
75:
71:
68:
51:
48:carbon dioxide
41:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2469:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2279:organizations
2275:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2223:Duct cleaning
2221:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2179:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2074:Control valve
2072:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2027:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1994:Turning vanes
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1969:Thermal wheel
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1934:Solar chimney
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1704:Fan coil unit
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1649:Cooling tower
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1495:Vapor barrier
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1470:Solar heating
1468:
1466:
1465:Solar cooling
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1440:Refrigeration
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1410:Passive house
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1280:Chilled water
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1179:Sensible heat
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1159:Noise control
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1139:Heat transfer
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1078:
1074:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1055:
1053:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1031:
1025:
1022:
1017:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
988:
985:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
945:
942:
937:
930:
923:
921:
917:
912:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
861:
858:
855:
850:
847:
842:
838:
833:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
793:
790:
785:
781:
777:
773:
768:
763:
760:(1): 83–101.
759:
755:
751:
744:
741:
730:on 2014-08-19
726:
719:
709:
706:
701:
697:
693:
689:
678:
675:
664:
660:
649:
646:
641:
637:
633:
622:
615:
612:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
584:
581:
576:
572:
568:
564:
553:
551:
547:
542:
538:
534:
530:
525:
520:
516:
512:
508:
497:
494:
488:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
473:Oxygen sensor
471:
469:
466:
465:
461:
456:
444:
440:
438:
434:
430:
427:
424:
421:
419:
416:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
361:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
344:
342:
341:
337:
335:
333:
325:
301:
297:
293:
289:
281:
266:
262:
258:
242:
240:
233:
217:
215:
209:
197:
189:
177:
175:
169:
164:
162:
158:
154:
150:
149:sequestration
133:
131:
127:
123:
119:
111:
110:spectroscopic
107:
102:
96:
89:
80:
69:
67:
65:
61:
57:
49:
45:
37:
30:
19:
2401:Fireproofing
2185:and services
2181:Professions,
2079:Gas detector
2062:
1979:Trickle vent
1954:Smoke damper
1949:Smoke canopy
1944:Space heater
1874:Plenum space
1809:Heating film
1689:Exhaust hood
1659:Dehumidifier
1599:Blast damper
1594:Barrier pipe
1569:Air purifier
1480:Thermosiphon
1359:Free cooling
1275:Chilled beam
1199:Thermal mass
1184:Stack effect
1169:Particulates
1149:Infiltration
1080:Fundamental
1024:
997:
993:
987:
954:
950:
944:
935:
874:
870:
860:
849:
806:
802:
792:
757:
753:
743:
732:. Retrieved
725:the original
708:
691:
687:
677:
666:. Retrieved
662:
648:
627:
614:
597:
593:
583:
566:
562:
514:
510:
496:
478:Gas detector
397:Horticulture
338:Applications
291:
265:hydrogen gas
250:
243:Estimated CO
232:polysiloxane
225:
181:
165:
152:
134:
108:sensors are
104:
39:
35:
33:
2447:Gas sensors
2411:Warm Spaces
2053:Blower door
2031:and control
2029:Measurement
2010:Windcatcher
1984:Trombe wall
1924:Sail switch
1904:Refrigerant
1899:Recuperator
1774:Grease duct
1734:Freeze stat
1719:Fire damper
1589:Back boiler
1559:Air ionizer
1554:Air handler
1518:Ventilation
1370:Hybrid heat
1235:Air barrier
1154:Latent heat
994:Data Mining
877:(4): 1052.
632:Gas Sensing
600:: 954–964.
423:Rebreathers
412:Ventilation
371:Greenhouses
257:respiration
226:Chemical CO
218:Chemical CO
168:Henry's Law
101:Capnography
2441:Categories
2167:Thermostat
2089:Humidistat
2020:Zone valve
1989:TurboSwing
1864:Oil heater
1834:Humidifier
1764:Gas heater
1714:Fan heater
1684:Evaporator
1669:Economizer
1644:Compressor
1549:Air filter
1532:Components
1349:Forced-air
1245:Antifreeze
1218:Technology
1164:Outgassing
1104:Convection
734:2014-08-19
668:2020-11-10
517:: 110863.
489:References
414:management
407:Cryogenics
392:Healthcare
343:Examples:
292:vice versa
263:(VOC) and
126:wavelength
120:source, a
99:See also:
64:capnograph
18:CO2 sensor
2277:Industry
2126:OpenTherm
1804:Heat pump
1799:Heat pipe
1749:Fume hood
1724:Fireplace
1629:Condenser
1579:Attic fan
1375:Hydronics
971:1873-1589
957:: 49–72.
938:. Berlin.
784:214601321
640:1826/6784
541:233831299
533:0378-7788
387:Aerospace
359:detection
255:is human
2384:See also
2109:LonWorks
2043:Aquastat
1909:Register
1889:Radiator
1544:Air door
1344:Firestop
1144:Humidity
1119:Enthalpy
1109:Dilution
1094:Bake-out
1082:concepts
979:13670861
911:29614746
841:37566374
776:32196426
462:See also
376:Landfill
357:Stowaway
288:COVID-19
118:infrared
2183:trades,
1754:Furnace
1619:Chiller
1291:Coolant
902:5948493
879:Bibcode
832:8043197
811:Bibcode
425:(SCUBA)
324:perfume
310:) or CO
298:(MEMS)
280:viruses
222:sensors
153:in situ
135:NDIR CO
74:sensors
2336:SMACNA
2296:ASHRAE
2116:(MERV)
2070:(CADR)
2048:BACnet
2001:(ULPA)
1854:Louver
1779:Grille
1654:Damper
1604:Boiler
1502:(VCRS)
1303:(DOAS)
1012:
977:
969:
909:
899:
839:
829:
782:
774:
539:
531:
418:Mining
247:sensor
44:sensor
2376:(VOC)
2370:(SBS)
2359:(IAQ)
2316:CIBSE
2311:BSRIA
2214:(BIM)
2158:(STP)
2122:(NTP)
1744:Freon
1514:(VRF)
1508:(VAV)
1366:(HRV)
1340:(ERV)
1314:(DCV)
1287:(CAV)
1033:(PDF)
996:[
975:S2CID
932:(PDF)
780:S2CID
728:(PDF)
721:(PDF)
624:(PDF)
537:S2CID
122:light
2331:LEED
2291:AMCA
2286:AHRI
1819:HEPA
1739:Flue
1664:Duct
1010:ISBN
967:ISSN
907:PMID
837:PMID
772:PMID
529:ISSN
443:HVAC
441:For
306:(eCO
282:, CO
106:NDIR
56:NDIR
2341:UMC
2326:IIR
2306:BRE
1699:Fan
1002:doi
959:doi
897:PMC
887:doi
827:PMC
819:doi
762:doi
714:"CO
696:doi
655:"CO
636:hdl
602:doi
598:236
571:doi
519:doi
515:242
378:gas
130:PPM
38:or
2443::
1008:.
973:.
965:.
955:46
953:.
934:.
919:^
905:.
895:.
885:.
875:18
873:.
869:.
835:.
825:.
817:.
805:.
801:.
778:.
770:.
756:.
752:.
692:19
690:.
661:.
626:.
596:.
592:.
567:34
565:.
549:^
535:.
527:.
513:.
509:.
182:CO
145:CO
82:CO
40:CO
34:A
1065:e
1058:t
1051:v
1018:.
1004::
981:.
961::
913:.
889::
881::
843:.
821::
813::
807:8
786:.
764::
758:7
737:.
716:2
702:.
698::
684:2
671:.
657:2
642:.
638::
630:2
608:.
604::
577:.
573::
559:2
543:.
521::
505:2
457:.
451:2
447:2
328:2
320:2
316:2
312:2
308:2
304:2
284:2
276:2
271:2
269:H
267:(
253:2
245:2
237:2
228:2
220:2
212:2
204:2
200:2
192:2
184:2
172:2
147:2
141:2
137:2
114:2
84:2
72:2
52:2
42:2
31:.
20:)
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