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scanner, keeping the distance to the sample surface at a few nanometers. Contrary to the traditional (circular) near-field probes, the campanile probe has no cut-off frequency and is insensitive to the spatial mode of the optical near field. Hence its application is not limited to thin-film samples.
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Bao, W.; Melli, M.; Caselli, N.; Riboli, F.; Wiersma, D. S.; Staffaroni, M.; Choo, H.; Ogletree, D. F.; Aloni, S.; Bokor, J.; Cabrini, S.; Intonti, F.; Salmeron, M. B.; Yablonovitch, E.; Schuck, P. J.; Weber-Bargioni, A. (2012). "Mapping Local Charge
Recombination Heterogeneity by Multidimensional
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Bao, Wei; Borys, Nicholas J.; Ko, Changhyun; Suh, Joonki; Fan, Wen; Thron, Andrew; Zhang, Yingjie; Buyanin, Alexander; Zhang, Jie; Cabrini, Stefano; Ashby, Paul D.; Weber-Bargioni, Alexander; Tongay, Sefaattin; Aloni, Shaul; Ogletree, D. Frank; Wu, Junqiao; Salmeron, Miquel B.; Schuck, P. James
87:. At the probe tip, the metal-coated facets are separated by a gap of a few tens of nanometers, which determines the spatial resolution of the probe. Such a probe design allows collecting optical signals, usually
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The campanile probe is attached to an optical fiber, which both provides a laser excitation of the studied sample and collects the measured signal. The probe is rastered over the sample with a standard
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Calafiore, Giuseppe; Koshelev, Alexander; Darlington, Thomas P.; Borys, Nicholas J.; Melli, Mauro; Polyakov, Aleksandr; Cantarella, Giuseppe; Allen, Frances I.; Lum, Paul (2017-05-10).
119:(FIB) milling, and its two facets are coated with a metal by shadow evaporation. A nanometer gap is then opened on the tip by FIB. Alternative fabrication method uses
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152:"Visualizing nanoscale excitonic relaxation properties of disordered edges and grain boundaries in monolayer molybdenum disulfide"
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Campanile probes are typically fabricated as follows: a standard cylindrical single-mode optical fiber is etched with
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False-color SEM image of the
Campanile near-field probe fabricated on the edge of an optical fiber using nanoimprint.
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to create a conical tip with a radius of ca. 100 nm. Then a square pyramid is carved on the tip using
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to replicate campanile pyramid from a mold. This approach significantly increases fabrication speed.
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212:"Campanile Near-Field Probes Fabricated by Nanoimprint Lithography on the Facet of an Optical Fiber"
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Another advantage of the campanile probe is a high signal collection efficiency, which exceeds 90%.
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Chapelle, Marc Lamy de la; Gucciardi, Pietro
Giuseppe; Lidgi-Guigui, Nathalie (28 October 2015).
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flake using a campanile probe (top) and conventional
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Comparison of photoluminescence maps recorded from a
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67:is a tapered optical probe with a shape of a
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330:. Pan Stanford Publishing. pp. 366â.
75:). It is made of an optically transparent
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327:Handbook of Enhanced Spectroscopy
31:SEM image of a campanile probe.
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281:Nanospectroscopic Imaging".
55:(bottom). Scale bars: 1 Ξm.
23:image of a campanile probe.
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236:10.1038/s41598-017-01871-5
358:Scanning probe microscopy
105:scanning probe microscopy
303:10.1126/science.1227977
121:nanoimprint lithography
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156:Nature Communications
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49:molybdenum disulfide
295:2012Sci...338.1317B
228:2017NatSR...7.1651C
168:2015NatCo...6.7993B
53:confocal microscopy
216:Scientific Reports
176:10.1038/ncomms8993
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337:978-981-4613-33-0
289:(6112): 1317â21.
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127:References
77:dielectric
244:2045-2322
69:campanile
352:Category
311:23224550
262:28490793
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162:: 7993.
150:(2015).
91:(PL) or
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