129:
379:
28:
415:
391:
367:
403:
349:
274:
231:(618–907 AD), the performing arts became popular in the emperor's court, and the acts became more refined. Eventually, the performing arts lost favor in the Imperial Court; they moved back to the common people and most performers performed in the street. During the Song dynasty the variety shows may be performed in the entertainment centres called the
1603:
2240:
2388:
1496:
1840:
1535:
258:, and special municipals with theaters specifically dedicated to the variety arts. Some troupes have become world famous, playing to packed houses at home and on foreign tours.
2529:
1643:
1568:
1454:
1459:
1518:
281:
Below is a list of performances available in the variety art. Some are more standard, while others are more regional. There is always new innovation taking place.
2064:
1722:
683:
959:
969:
1299:
678:
1638:
1623:
1523:
1380:
1338:
2393:
1544:
872:
609:
160:
was originally an entertainment where men wearing horns charged at one another like bulls, but became a general term used interchangeably with
2245:
1633:
695:
673:
1880:
1613:
1110:
220:, creatures that transformed into another, as well as children who performed acrobatics on high poles. A grand acrobatic show was held by
378:
1608:
979:
728:
1508:
1343:
723:
547:
522:
495:
942:
1353:
1330:
1294:
1150:
1145:
2595:
2321:
2316:
2091:
1628:
1284:
690:
2311:
2059:
1803:
1732:
1289:
1017:
984:
857:
665:
366:
2368:
2008:
414:
390:
47:
348:
128:
1491:
1481:
1279:
1274:
247:
39:
2491:
2486:
1898:
1211:
1157:
1125:
952:
887:
402:
2398:
2276:
2261:
1868:
1825:
1761:
1744:
1140:
650:
339:
1618:
1913:
1793:
1549:
1503:
1486:
1469:
1216:
1180:
1027:
602:
847:
2516:
2108:
1932:
1813:
1766:
1710:
1175:
1120:
733:
660:
255:
2474:
2103:
2049:
1974:
1585:
1427:
1410:
1388:
1221:
1196:
1135:
1037:
790:
705:
1650:
566:
243:(1644–1911), it regained popularity with the Imperial Court and has remained a popular art form to this day.
2524:
2306:
2022:
1908:
1903:
1808:
1783:
1727:
1561:
1513:
1348:
1269:
1264:
1206:
1130:
1115:
974:
261:
It wasn't until the 1990s, however, that the art form was packaged as a complete theme show. The 1994 show
27:
2479:
2286:
2120:
2076:
2054:
1751:
1201:
1105:
912:
655:
2469:
2464:
2419:
2355:
2266:
1969:
1918:
1856:
1578:
1415:
1403:
1393:
1162:
795:
595:
431:
100:
views the
Chinese term "circus" (馬戲) as an altogether separate, Western style of show. Elements such as
239:(1368–1644), the performers came off the street and started performing on stage. During the end of the
2195:
2143:
2003:
1798:
1773:
1700:
1695:
1530:
1422:
1398:
1256:
738:
443:
164:
to describe popular entertainment during the Han dynasty. It consisted of a variety of acts such as
2496:
2341:
2230:
2200:
2158:
2081:
2044:
1964:
1949:
1778:
1739:
1446:
1060:
964:
715:
185:
105:
2383:
2378:
2363:
2215:
2183:
2178:
2071:
1993:
1981:
1890:
1556:
1476:
1464:
1432:
1087:
1082:
1000:
700:
2442:
2434:
2148:
2015:
1986:
1944:
1873:
1830:
1788:
1655:
1595:
1367:
1304:
1166:
947:
917:
743:
543:
518:
512:
491:
354:
295:
273:
221:
485:
68:
acts, balancing acts and other demonstrations of physical skill traditionally performed by a
2560:
2553:
2452:
2447:
2373:
2301:
2220:
2135:
2125:
2096:
2032:
2027:
1861:
1835:
1820:
1705:
1683:
1667:
1573:
1022:
1012:
929:
852:
807:
755:
645:
630:
622:
453:
251:
250:
in 1949, the art forms have gained new respectability. Troupes have been established in the
213:
165:
89:
2168:
2163:
2086:
2037:
1998:
1662:
1244:
1050:
937:
141:
109:
92:
term "Chinese circus" has been used to describe
Chinese variety arts even in the earliest
192:
was one of the first to describe the acrobatic theme shows in the royal palaces in his "
2569:
2501:
2424:
2271:
2225:
2210:
2205:
2188:
2173:
1959:
1314:
1309:
1239:
825:
459:
331:
2589:
2534:
2281:
2115:
1954:
1756:
1077:
1065:
907:
768:
309:
289:
133:
97:
93:
2574:
2459:
2331:
2296:
902:
897:
892:
882:
877:
867:
785:
780:
240:
236:
228:
177:
173:
113:
17:
2153:
1070:
1055:
862:
820:
815:
763:
448:
217:
197:
193:
145:
2326:
1234:
1045:
773:
358:
324:
303:
300:
285:
189:
117:
69:
65:
2336:
2291:
1229:
1170:
169:
277:
Human Lion balancing on a globe. Each lion suit usually has two performers.
2411:
2404:
1717:
487:
Chinese
Theories of Theater and Performance from Confucius to the Present
181:
840:
835:
830:
567:"The acrobatic Theme show and its origin in the Hundreds Entertainment"
318:
144:
have a long history. Variety show is known to existed as early as the
2506:
265:(金色西南風) led the way in successfully re-promoting the art as a whole.
55:
570:
618:
272:
148:(221–207 BC) or possibly earlier. During the Qin and Han periods,
127:
101:
77:
73:
26:
587:
591:
227:
The performances became more elaborate and during the
156:(百戲) variety show was popular with the common people.
2515:
2433:
2354:
2254:
2134:
1931:
1889:
1849:
1682:
1594:
1445:
1379:
1366:
1329:
1255:
1189:
1098:
1036:
999:
928:
806:
754:
714:
638:
629:
31:
Balancing acts are one type of
Chinese variety art.
542:. China Books & Periodicals. pp. 20–27.
490:. University of Michigan Press. pp. 24–25.
235:(瓦子, meaning "tiles"). Towards the end of the
603:
8:
104:and large animals belong exclusively to the
76:. Many of these acts have a long history in
200:" (西京賦). The event featured shows such as
2251:
1937:
1688:
1376:
1372:
1033:
1005:
635:
610:
596:
588:
561:
559:
463:– a documentary about acrobat Man Fan Tong
473:
344:
1545:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
479:
477:
7:
2241:Major Historical and Cultural Sites
314:Shaolin monks resisting projectiles
132:Chinese street performers seen by
25:
1536:Political Consultative Conference
2322:Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty
2317:Four Masters of the Ming dynasty
413:
401:
389:
377:
365:
347:
336:Tricks involving smaller animals
202:Old Man Huang of the Eastern Sea
2312:Four Paragons of the Early Tang
1509:Political parties and movements
873:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
858:Northern and Southern dynasties
484:Faye Chunfang Fei, ed. (2002).
172:, musical performances, dance,
80:and are still performed today.
224:in 108 BC for foreign guests.
60:
51:
43:
1:
1614:Ministry of National Defense
953:Chinese Communist Revolution
540:The History of Chinese Dance
514:Culture and Customs of China
308:Balancing act while playing
263:Golden Wind of the Southwest
212:(總會仙倡), and Zheng described
108:. Eastern elements include
64:) refers to a wide range of
2277:Flowers of the Four Seasons
2262:Four Treasures of the Study
1881:Water supply and sanitation
1609:Central Military Commission
1604:Outline of military history
1354:Province-level subdivisions
2612:
1550:Primary stage of socialism
1492:National People's Congress
960:People's Republic of China
517:. Greenwood. p. 104.
384:Balancing act on a bicycle
248:People's Republic of China
246:Since the founding of the
2547:
1940:
1691:
1375:
1300:UNESCO Biosphere Reserves
1008:
2475:Catholic Church in China
1619:People's Liberation Army
1586:One country, two systems
2596:Chinese performing arts
2307:Four Pillars of Destiny
2092:Regional discrimination
1514:Chinese Communist Party
206:Dancing Fish and Dragon
2060:Science and technology
1733:Special economic zones
985:persecution of Uyghurs
913:Century of humiliation
511:Richard Gunde (2001).
278:
137:
32:
2267:Four Great Inventions
1651:People's Armed Police
432:Shanghai Circus World
372:Contortion acrobatics
276:
210:Assembly of Immortals
131:
84:Circus vs variety art
30:
2246:World Heritage Sites
1774:Foreign aid received
1482:Environmental policy
1280:Environmental policy
1275:Environmental issues
444:Chinese State Circus
396:Multi-plate spinning
2492:History of religion
2487:Freedom of religion
2342:Four Pests campaign
2287:Four Classic Novels
1899:Automotive industry
1779:Foreign aid program
1470:Pro-democratisation
965:Cultural Revolution
538:Wang Kefen (1985).
186:Eastern Han dynasty
116:characters and the
48:traditional Chinese
36:Chinese variety art
2399:Population history
2379:Internal migration
1994:Harmonious Society
1869:Telecommunications
1826:Standard of living
1745:Online advertising
1497:Standing Committee
327:and bowl balancing
279:
256:autonomous regions
138:
96:historical texts,
40:simplified Chinese
33:
18:Chinese acrobatics
2583:
2582:
2543:
2542:
2350:
2349:
1927:
1926:
1914:Shipping industry
1678:
1677:
1644:Strategic Support
1519:General Secretary
1504:National security
1487:Foreign relations
1441:
1440:
1362:
1361:
1325:
1324:
1028:Natural disasters
995:
994:
948:Chinese Civil War
943:Republic of China
918:Taiping Rebellion
791:Spring and Autumn
696:Foreign relations
420:Gymnastic display
296:Tightrope walking
222:Emperor Wu of Han
214:swallowing knives
16:(Redirected from
2603:
2563:
2556:
2453:Tibetan Buddhism
2448:Chinese Buddhism
2302:Four Holy Beasts
2252:
2104:Social relations
2033:Standard Chinese
2028:Chinese language
1938:
1723:Economic history
1689:
1668:Maritime Militia
1377:
1373:
1344:Border crossings
1339:Baseline islands
1034:
1006:
970:Tiananmen Square
853:Sixteen Kingdoms
661:Military history
636:
612:
605:
598:
589:
582:
581:
579:
578:
573:on March 9, 2005
569:. Archived from
563:
554:
553:
535:
529:
528:
508:
502:
501:
481:
454:Culture of China
417:
405:
393:
381:
369:
351:
62:
53:
45:
21:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2566:
2559:
2552:
2539:
2511:
2429:
2389:Life expectancy
2346:
2250:
2130:
2050:Public holidays
2038:Written Chinese
2023:Intellectualism
1975:Sex trafficking
1923:
1885:
1845:
1674:
1590:
1437:
1428:Nationality law
1411:Law enforcement
1389:Judicial system
1358:
1321:
1295:Nature reserves
1285:Protected areas
1251:
1222:Water resources
1185:
1094:
1032:
991:
975:Economic reform
938:1911 Revolution
924:
888:Jin (1115–1234)
802:
750:
710:
625:
616:
586:
585:
576:
574:
565:
564:
557:
550:
537:
536:
532:
525:
510:
509:
505:
498:
483:
482:
475:
470:
440:
428:
421:
418:
409:
406:
397:
394:
385:
382:
373:
370:
361:
352:
271:
198:Western Capital
142:performing arts
126:
120:, for example.
86:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2609:
2607:
2599:
2598:
2588:
2587:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2572:
2565:
2564:
2557:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2439:
2437:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2408:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2360:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2272:Four Gentlemen
2269:
2264:
2258:
2256:
2255:Fours of China
2249:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2192:
2191:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2140:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2074:
2069:
2068:
2067:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2025:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2012:
2011:
1996:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1941:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1904:Civil aviation
1901:
1895:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1853:
1851:
1850:Infrastructure
1847:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1804:Semiconductors
1801:
1796:
1786:
1784:Historical GDP
1781:
1776:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1720:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1703:
1698:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1660:
1659:
1658:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1600:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1562:Vice President
1554:
1553:
1552:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1506:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1462:
1457:
1451:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1391:
1385:
1383:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1335:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1312:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1290:National parks
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1270:Climate policy
1267:
1265:Climate change
1261:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1171:Central Plains
1160:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1102:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1042:
1040:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1018:Extreme points
1015:
1009:
1003:
997:
996:
993:
992:
990:
989:
988:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
957:
956:
955:
950:
940:
934:
932:
926:
925:
923:
922:
921:
920:
915:
910:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
844:
843:
838:
833:
826:Three Kingdoms
823:
818:
812:
810:
804:
803:
801:
800:
799:
798:
796:Warring States
793:
788:
778:
777:
776:
766:
760:
758:
752:
751:
749:
748:
747:
746:
741:
736:
726:
720:
718:
712:
711:
709:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
687:
686:
681:
676:
668:
663:
658:
656:Historiography
653:
648:
642:
640:
633:
627:
626:
617:
615:
614:
607:
600:
592:
584:
583:
555:
549:978-0835111867
548:
530:
524:978-0313361180
523:
503:
497:978-0472089239
496:
472:
471:
469:
466:
465:
464:
460:Balancing Acts
456:
451:
446:
439:
436:
435:
434:
427:
424:
423:
422:
419:
412:
410:
407:
400:
398:
395:
388:
386:
383:
376:
374:
371:
364:
362:
353:
346:
343:
342:
340:Fire breathing
337:
334:
332:plate spinning
328:
322:
321:demonstrations
315:
312:
306:
298:
293:
290:rolling globes
270:
267:
188:, the scholar
168:, acrobatics,
125:
122:
106:Western circus
85:
82:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2608:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2558:
2555:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2481:
2480:Protestantism
2478:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2465:Folk religion
2463:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2369:Ethnic groups
2367:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2353:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
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2282:Four Beauties
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2121:Urban society
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2110:
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2078:
2077:Social issues
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2055:Rural society
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1955:Chinese Dream
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1919:Space program
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1569:State Council
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1455:Civil service
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1062:
1061:South Central
1059:
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851:
849:
848:Jin (266–420)
846:
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829:
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827:
824:
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691:Ethnic groups
689:
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387:
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363:
360:
356:
350:
345:
341:
338:
335:
333:
329:
326:
323:
320:
316:
313:
311:
310:Chinese yo-yo
307:
305:
302:
299:
297:
294:
291:
287:
284:
283:
282:
275:
268:
266:
264:
259:
257:
253:
249:
244:
242:
238:
234:
230:
225:
223:
219:
218:spitting fire
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
135:
134:Johan Nieuhof
130:
123:
121:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
83:
81:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
57:
49:
41:
37:
29:
19:
2470:Christianity
2460:Confucianism
2420:Urbanization
2356:Demographics
2332:Gang of Four
2297:Four Symbols
2235:
2196:Martial arts
1970:Prostitution
1857:Architecture
1711:Central bank
1579:Vice Premier
1531:United front
1460:Constitution
1416:Penal system
1394:Human rights
1331:Subdivisions
1169: /
1165: /
1088:Southwestern
1083:Northwestern
786:Western Zhou
734:Yellow River
684:1949–present
575:. Retrieved
571:the original
539:
533:
513:
506:
486:
458:
408:Shaolin monk
357:acrobats in
280:
269:Performances
262:
260:
245:
241:Qing dynasty
237:Ming dynasty
232:
229:Tang dynasty
226:
209:
205:
204:(東海黃公), the
201:
178:horsemanship
174:martial arts
161:
157:
153:
149:
139:
114:Peking opera
87:
61:zá jì yì shù
59:
35:
34:
2236:Variety art
2231:Tea culture
2159:Calligraphy
2144:Archaeology
2004:Food safety
1799:Gold mining
1701:Aquaculture
1696:Agriculture
1656:Coast Guard
1423:Naming laws
1257:Environment
1245:South China
724:Paleolithic
716:Prehistoric
674:before 1912
449:Chinese art
208:(魚龍蔓衍) and
146:Qin dynasty
118:Monkey King
2497:Irreligion
2394:Statistics
2364:Emigration
2327:Four Wangs
2216:Philosophy
2201:Mass media
2184:Literature
2082:Patriarchy
2045:Propaganda
1965:Corruption
1950:Censorship
1740:E-commerce
1447:Government
1240:East China
1212:Waterfalls
1158:Peninsulas
1126:Grasslands
577:2007-05-25
468:References
359:Huang Shan
325:Unicycling
304:acrobatics
301:Contortion
288:on top of
286:Lion dance
190:Zhang Heng
184:. In the
136:in 1655–57
88:While the
2384:Languages
2337:Four Olds
2292:Four arts
2179:Libraries
2109:Structure
2072:Sexuality
2009:incidents
1982:Education
1891:Transport
1767:Renewable
1762:Petroleum
1557:President
1524:Politburo
1477:Elections
1465:Democracy
1433:Terrorism
1181:Volcanoes
1163:Northeast
1141:Mountains
1051:Northeast
1001:Geography
908:High Qing
729:Neolithic
701:Dynasties
679:1912–1949
670:Economic
639:Overviews
426:Festivals
252:provinces
170:wrestling
166:conjuring
66:acrobatic
2590:Category
2570:Category
2443:Buddhism
2435:Religion
2412:Post-90s
2405:Post-80s
2149:Archives
2016:HIV/AIDS
1987:Literacy
1945:Abortion
1874:Internet
1831:Taxation
1814:Textiles
1794:Chemical
1789:Industry
1718:Currency
1596:Military
1404:in Tibet
1368:Politics
1305:Wildlife
1217:Wetlands
980:COVID-19
808:Imperial
706:Monarchs
666:Language
651:Timeline
623:articles
438:See also
355:Highwire
317:Extreme
292:or balls
182:juggling
152:(角抵) or
140:Chinese
98:the East
2554:Outline
2517:Symbols
2374:Eunuchs
2221:Smoking
2169:Cuisine
2136:Culture
2126:Welfare
2097:Suicide
2065:history
1933:Society
1862:Housing
1836:Tourism
1821:Poverty
1706:Banking
1684:Economy
1663:Militia
1574:Premier
1176:Valleys
1136:Islands
1121:Deserts
1111:Canyons
1099:Terrain
1078:Western
1066:Central
1038:Regions
1023:Geology
1013:Borders
756:Ancient
739:Yangtze
646:History
631:History
319:kung fu
196:to the
124:History
112:monks,
110:Shaolin
94:Western
90:English
2575:Portal
2530:Emblem
2525:Anthem
2507:Taoism
2189:Poetry
2164:Cinema
2087:Racism
1999:Health
1752:Energy
1728:Reform
1639:Rocket
1624:Ground
1349:Cities
1235:Yellow
1207:Rivers
1197:Canals
1151:passes
1146:ranges
930:Modern
621:
546:
521:
494:
330:Multi-
180:, and
102:clowns
70:troupe
58::
56:pinyin
50::
42::
2561:Index
2502:Islam
2425:Women
2226:Sport
2211:Names
2206:Music
2174:Dance
1960:Crime
1841:Trade
1809:Steel
1315:Flora
1310:Fauna
1230:Bohai
1226:Seas
1202:Lakes
1190:Water
1167:North
1131:Hills
1116:Caves
1071:South
1056:North
769:Shang
619:China
162:Baixi
158:Juedi
154:Baixi
150:Juedi
78:China
74:China
2535:Flag
2116:Time
1909:Rail
1757:Coal
1629:Navy
1399:LGBT
1106:Bays
1046:East
903:Qing
898:Ming
893:Yuan
883:Song
878:Liao
868:Tang
781:Zhou
774:Late
744:Liao
544:ISBN
519:ISBN
492:ISBN
233:wazi
216:and
52:雜技藝術
44:杂技艺术
2154:Art
1634:Air
1381:Law
863:Sui
836:Han
831:Wei
821:Han
816:Qin
764:Xia
194:Ode
72:in
2592::
841:Wu
558:^
476:^
254:,
176:,
54:;
46:;
2414:"
2410:"
2407:"
2403:"
611:e
604:t
597:v
580:.
552:.
527:.
500:.
38:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.