363:
627:
606:
31:
581:
352:
557:
was that it had better stopping power with the use of the 7.92x57 Mauser cartridge (.323 inch bullet diameter); the rifle also had a better rate of fire and a greater range than the
Arisaka. The weapon was shorter, (similar in length to the Karabiner 98k) when compared with the Gewehr 98 and the
424:, these weapons have become recognizable features of the Generalissimo's National Revolutionary Army during China's turbulent early 20th century. In an ironic twist, the rifle, although named after Chiang Kai-shek, was also heavily used by the Communists that he fought against during the
472:
for the
Nationalists. Despite being replaced by more modern infantry weapons, the Type Zhongzheng still served the ROC armed forces well into the 1970s as a rifle for reserve forces. The Type Zhongzheng Rifle (along with the American M1 Garand) is still used by the
401:
in July 1935, China's limited industrial capacity meant that the rifle was built in relatively low numbers. Initial CKS rifles were made. The name of the rifle was changed from Type 24 to Type Chiang Kai-shek after a visit of the
Generalissimo to the factory.
362:
489:
alongside other small arms that were provided as military aid to the PRC by the Soviet Union. Among the weapons provided to
Chinese Communist forces in Korea by the Soviet Union included Soviet capture Mauser
413:
allowed more and more of these rifles to be produced, although quality controls persisted due to the need to move machinery in order to avoid being captured or destroyed by
Japanese troops.
394:. 10,000 had been bought by China in 1934 and the Germans provided the tooling to produce the Type 24. The 1934 materials proved to be incorrect and new tools were sent in early 1935.
1051:
1681:
335:
The rifle was in full-scale production as early as late 1935. However, full standardization for the production of the Type Chiang Kai-shek rifle only started during the
460:
By the end of the 1940s, the Type Chiang Kai-shek rifle was phased out from frontline service in favor of superior
American aid equipment, such as the semiautomatic
1666:
936:
328:. Preproduction of the Chiang Kai-shek rifle started in 1935 (year 24 of the Republican calendar, hence the Type 24). It was designated the Type 79 by the
1661:
1044:
1656:
785:
1646:
1037:
586:
1020:
994:
967:
905:
1255:
301:
845:
598:
1671:
1651:
1414:
1371:
590:
379:
367:
615:
537:
to the present day. Many of these rifles (along with other PLA and People's
Militia small arms) were used by various
534:
457:
About 600,000 of all models were produced between 1935 and 1949, of which ~400,000 had been produced during the war.
1447:
1153:
944:
482:
442:
In 1941 the
Chinese Communists managed to make copies of this rifle, dubbing theirs the Type 55 rifle in honour of
1676:
1190:
1061:
336:
329:
101:
1409:
1293:
513:
The
Chinese People's Militia and smaller local paramilitaries were using Chiang Kai-shek rifles (as well as
469:
1029:
1366:
1361:
474:
436:
57:
652:
522:
321:
30:
1565:
1550:
1535:
1525:
1386:
1220:
391:
371:
222:
155:
877:
Notes on the Viet Minh Army on the final stage of the
Indochina war, The War Office, June 1956, p.25
159:
1606:
1555:
1250:
1077:
960:
Rays of the Rising Sun: Armed Forces of Japan's Asian Allies 1931-45: Volume 1: China and Manchukuo
542:
499:
228:
111:
1596:
1401:
1381:
1313:
1210:
538:
288:
1376:
1498:
1434:
1338:
1298:
1240:
1185:
1148:
1016:
990:
963:
901:
897:
804:
443:
425:
236:
96:
1235:
984:
518:
1475:
398:
264:
147:
1230:
439:(IJA) soldiers using a Chiang Kai-shek rifle with and without a scope in the Yangtze area.
1512:
1508:
1493:
1133:
317:
258:
151:
763:
1419:
1280:
1100:
821:
Bolt Action: Empires in Flames: The Pacific and the Far East by Andy Chambers, page 39.
566:
356:
1640:
1621:
1591:
1265:
1245:
1225:
632:
559:
491:
383:
325:
284:
1601:
1485:
1158:
1143:
478:
248:
106:
1010:
891:
1457:
849:
594:
529:) and became a supplemental ceremonial weapon (the main ceremonial rifle is the
507:
351:
241:
121:
44:
1570:
1260:
1180:
1123:
937:"Chinese Mauser Chiang Kai Shek or Zhong Zheng Shi : : C&Rsenal"
486:
465:
451:
417:
340:
206:
116:
521:) up until 1980 before it was replaced with more modern small arms (e.g. the
1356:
1351:
1215:
1205:
1138:
925:(11 ed.). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: The Stackpole Company. p. 299.
735:(11 ed.). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: The Stackpole Company. p. 294.
640:
636:
503:
495:
461:
421:
406:
387:
1616:
1452:
1328:
1118:
432:
405:
As the war progressed, however, China's industry in western cities like
1611:
1575:
1560:
1520:
1467:
1391:
1270:
1172:
1092:
1082:
831:
554:
514:
410:
1303:
1200:
1110:
447:
494:
rifles. The Type Zhongzheng rifle was also seen in the hands of the
786:"An Unexpected Partnership: Nazi Germany and the Republic of China"
378:
The weapon served as one of the main battle rifles for the Chinese
1442:
1424:
1346:
1323:
1318:
1288:
1168:
1128:
1069:
611:
361:
350:
47:
1308:
1033:
921:
Smith, Joseph E. (1969). "Chinese communist militia weapons".
671:
Sometimes known as Kung Hsien Arsenal in certain translations.
530:
526:
390:, specifically, a copy of the Oberndorf Export Mauser named
861:
859:
709:
707:
705:
692:
690:
688:
553:
The major advantage of the Type Chiang Kai-shek over the
435:
Tung Chih Yeh claimed to have shot and killed over 100
370:
soldier armed with a Chiang Kai-shek rifle guarding
1584:
1543:
1534:
1507:
1484:
1466:
1433:
1400:
1337:
1279:
1167:
1109:
1091:
1068:
279:
271:
257:
247:
235:
221:
205:
197:
189:
184:
173:
165:
143:
135:
130:
89:
76:
68:
63:
53:
40:
21:
386:, it was a shortened and lightened version of the
1012:Kangzhan: Guide to Chinese Ground Forces 1937–45
1045:
316:(二四式), named after the Chinese Generalissimo
8:
962:. Helion & Company Limited. p. 75.
731:Smith, Joseph E. (1969). "Chinese rifles".
569:attached with the same Mauser bayonet lug.
562:but firing produced more blast and recoil.
355:The Chinese Chiang Kai-shek rifle with the
1682:Military equipment introduced in the 1930s
1540:
1052:
1038:
1030:
485:used the Type Zhongzheng rifle during the
18:
983:Tucker-Jones, Anthony (30 August 2017).
865:
745:
713:
696:
320:, was a Chinese-made copy of the German
35:Type Chiang Kai-shek rifle/Type 24 rifle
726:
724:
722:
684:
664:
343:rifle was produced in greater numbers.
1667:World War II infantry weapons of China
885:
883:
397:Although it entered production at the
1009:Ness, Leland; Shih, Bin (July 2016).
893:North Vietnamese Army Soldier 1958–75
779:
777:
758:
756:
754:
7:
799:
797:
795:
890:Rottman, Gordon L. (10 Feb 2009).
14:
1662:Firearms of the Republic of China
382:(NRA, or Nationalists). Like the
1060:Chinese infantry weapons of the
784:Yeung, Norton (March 31, 2016).
625:
604:
579:
272:Effective firing range
29:
770:(in Chinese). 5 February 2015.
481:to this very day. The Chinese
305:
174:
1:
989:. Pen and Sword. p. 28.
599:Collaborationist Chinese Army
587:Republic of China (1912-1949)
523:Chinese Type 56 assault rifle
848:(in Chinese). Archived from
1657:National Revolutionary Army
1154:Smith & Wesson Model 10
591:National Revolutionary Army
545:in the mid- to late 1960s.
380:National Revolutionary Army
368:National Revolutionary Army
1698:
958:Jowett, Philip S. (2004).
498:during the final stage at
298:Type Chiang Kai-shek rifle
201:1,110 mm (44 in)
193:4.08 kg (9.0 lb)
82:
23:Type 24 / Type Zhongzheng
216:
54:Place of origin
28:
16:Chinese bolt action rifle
1062:Second Sino-Japanese War
1015:. Helion & Company.
616:People's Liberation Army
535:People's Liberation Army
337:Second Sino-Japanese war
324:, the forerunner of the
275:500 m (550 yd)
212:600 mm (24 in)
102:Second Sino-Japanese War
1647:7.92×57mm Mauser rifles
923:Small Arms of the World
809:www.chinesefirearms.com
733:Small Arms of the World
527:Chinese Type 56 carbine
483:People's Volunteer Army
479:ceremonial/parade rifle
470:Thompson submachine gun
437:Imperial Japanese Army
375:
359:
249:Rate of fire
1597:7.62×63mm Springfield
1196:Chiang Kai-shek rifle
805:"火器堂 - 奮戰八年 - 中正式步騎槍"
653:Mukden Arsenal Mauser
565:The rifle can have a
365:
354:
308:), also known as the
1561:7.65×17mmSR Browning
1526:Boys anti-tank rifle
1387:Lahti-Saloranta M/26
866:Ness & Shih 2016
764:"中正式步枪：作用有限的抗战利器(图)"
746:Ness & Shih 2016
714:Ness & Shih 2016
697:Ness & Shih 2016
541:factions during the
322:Standardmodell rifle
259:Muzzle velocity
253:15 rounds per minute
1672:World War II rifles
1402:Medium machine guns
1251:M1941 Johnson rifle
1191:Type 21 and Type 77
543:Cultural Revolution
500:First Indochina War
446:Commander-in-chief
310:Generalissimo rifle
112:First Indochina War
1652:Bolt-action rifles
1435:Heavy machine guns
1339:Light machine guns
1314:United Defense M42
1211:Karabinek wz. 1929
852:on March 31, 2007.
416:Together with the
376:
360:
330:Chinese Communists
131:Production history
1634:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1602:7.7×56mmR British
1566:9×19mm Parabellum
1551:7.62×25mm Tokarev
1499:M1A1 flamethrower
1241:M1903 Springfield
1149:Browning Hi-Power
898:Osprey Publishing
597:and pro-Japanese
454:) 55th birthday.
444:Eighth Route Army
426:Chinese Civil War
294:
293:
97:Chinese Civil War
58:Republic of China
1689:
1607:7.92×57mm Mauser
1556:7.63×25mm Mauser
1541:
1513:anti-tank rifles
1509:Rocket launchers
1054:
1047:
1040:
1031:
1026:
1001:
1000:
980:
974:
973:
955:
949:
948:
943:. Archived from
933:
927:
926:
918:
912:
911:
887:
878:
875:
869:
863:
854:
853:
842:
836:
835:
832:"55式步枪的来历,55式步枪"
828:
822:
819:
813:
812:
801:
790:
789:
781:
772:
771:
760:
749:
743:
737:
736:
728:
717:
711:
700:
694:
672:
669:
631:
629:
628:
610:
608:
607:
595:Chinese Warlords
585:
583:
582:
420:handgun and the
399:Gongxian Arsenal
307:
280:Feed system
229:7.92×57mm Mauser
176:
33:
24:
19:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1687:
1686:
1677:Chiang Kai-shek
1637:
1636:
1635:
1626:
1617:13.9×99mmB Boys
1580:
1571:9×20mmR S&W
1530:
1503:
1494:M2 flamethrower
1480:
1462:
1429:
1415:Hotchkiss M1914
1396:
1372:Hotchkiss M1922
1333:
1281:Submachine guns
1275:
1163:
1134:Astra Model 900
1105:
1087:
1064:
1058:
1023:
1008:
1005:
1004:
997:
982:
981:
977:
970:
957:
956:
952:
935:
934:
930:
920:
919:
915:
908:
896:. Warrior 135.
889:
888:
881:
876:
872:
864:
857:
844:
843:
839:
830:
829:
825:
820:
816:
803:
802:
793:
783:
782:
775:
762:
761:
752:
744:
740:
730:
729:
720:
712:
703:
695:
686:
681:
676:
675:
670:
666:
661:
649:
626:
624:
605:
603:
580:
578:
575:
551:
392:Standard Modell
349:
318:Chiang Kai-shek
217:
160:Canton Arsenals
126:
69:In service
64:Service history
36:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1695:
1693:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1639:
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1632:
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1628:
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1625:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1576:11.43×23mm ACP
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1547:
1545:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1517:
1515:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1501:
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1479:
1478:
1472:
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1463:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1439:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1420:M1919 Browning
1417:
1412:
1406:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
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1359:
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1343:
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1335:
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1326:
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1316:
1311:
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1276:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1221:Standardmodell
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1177:
1175:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1103:
1101:HY1935 bayonet
1097:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1074:
1072:
1066:
1065:
1059:
1057:
1056:
1049:
1042:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1021:
1003:
1002:
995:
975:
968:
950:
947:on 2018-09-01.
928:
913:
906:
900:. p. 25.
879:
870:
868:, p. 263.
855:
846:"奋战八年－－中正式步骑枪"
837:
823:
814:
791:
773:
750:
748:, p. 250.
738:
718:
716:, p. 258.
701:
699:, p. 251.
683:
682:
680:
677:
674:
673:
663:
662:
660:
657:
656:
655:
648:
645:
644:
643:
622:
601:
574:
571:
567:HY1935 bayonet
550:
547:
374:fighter planes
357:HY1935 bayonet
348:
345:
292:
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281:
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276:
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225:
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199:
195:
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191:
187:
186:
185:Specifications
182:
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167:
163:
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145:
141:
140:
137:
133:
132:
128:
127:
125:
124:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
93:
91:
87:
86:
78:
74:
73:
72:1935 – Present
70:
66:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
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3:
2:
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1518:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1486:Flamethrowers
1483:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1468:Hand grenades
1465:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
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1407:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1377:Maxim–Tokarev
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
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1350:
1348:
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1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1246:M1917 Enfield
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1226:Karabiner 98k
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
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1036:
1035:
1032:
1024:
1022:9781910294420
1018:
1014:
1013:
1007:
1006:
998:
996:9781526708007
992:
988:
987:
986:Dien Bien Phu
979:
976:
971:
969:9781906033781
965:
961:
954:
951:
946:
942:
941:surplused.com
938:
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917:
914:
909:
907:9781846033711
903:
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815:
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792:
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769:
768:chinanews.com
765:
759:
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747:
742:
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719:
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668:
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633:North Vietnam
623:
621:
618:, called the
617:
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596:
592:
588:
577:
576:
572:
570:
568:
563:
561:
556:
548:
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536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
519:Mosin–Nagants
516:
511:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
492:Karabiner 98k
488:
484:
480:
476:
471:
467:
463:
458:
455:
453:
449:
445:
440:
438:
434:
429:
427:
423:
419:
414:
412:
408:
403:
400:
395:
393:
389:
385:
384:Karabiner 98k
381:
373:
369:
364:
358:
353:
346:
344:
342:
338:
333:
331:
327:
326:Karabiner 98k
323:
319:
315:
311:
303:
299:
290:
286:
285:stripper clip
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
260:
256:
252:
250:
246:
243:
240:
238:
234:
230:
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196:
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118:
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98:
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67:
62:
59:
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52:
49:
46:
43:
39:
32:
27:
20:
1236:Mosin–Nagant
1195:
1011:
985:
978:
959:
953:
945:the original
940:
931:
922:
916:
892:
873:
850:the original
840:
826:
817:
808:
767:
741:
732:
667:
619:
564:
552:
512:
459:
456:
441:
430:
415:
404:
396:
377:
334:
313:
309:
297:
295:
267:(2,657 ft/s)
209: length
144:Manufacturer
107:World War II
81:
77:Used by
1458:M2 Browning
1410:Schwarzlose
1231:Lee–Enfield
508:Vietnam War
506:during the
502:and of the
287:, internal
242:Bolt action
227:8×57mm IS (
177: built
122:Vietnam War
45:Bolt action
1641:Categories
1622:14.5×114mm
1592:7.62×54mmR
1536:Cartridges
1261:Lebel 1886
1181:Hanyang 88
1124:Mauser C96
679:References
593:, various
533:) for the
487:Korean War
466:M1 carbine
450:'s (later
422:M35 Helmet
418:Mauser C96
341:Hanyang 88
117:Korean War
1612:12.7×99mm
1357:ZB vz. 30
1352:ZB vz. 26
1216:Gewehr 98
1206:vz. 98/22
641:Viet Cong
637:Viet Minh
539:Red Guard
504:Viet Cong
496:Viet Minh
462:M1 Garand
407:Chongqing
388:Gewehr 98
223:Cartridge
169:1935–1949
1453:PM M1910
1294:Thompson
1173:carbines
1119:FN M1900
1093:Bayonets
647:See also
558:Arisaka
525:and the
515:Arisakas
475:ROC Army
433:Sergeant
431:Chinese
339:and the
289:magazine
283:5-round
180:~600,000
166:Produced
148:Gongxian
136:Designed
1521:Bazooka
1476:Type 23
1448:Type 30
1443:Type 24
1392:SIG KE7
1271:Carcano
1266:Type 38
1111:Pistols
1083:Miaodao
620:Type 79
560:Type 38
555:Arisaka
452:Marshal
411:Kunming
347:History
314:Type 24
302:Chinese
156:Jinling
152:Hanyang
1544:Pistol
1382:Madsen
1304:PPD-40
1201:vz. 24
1186:Type 1
1169:Rifles
1070:Swords
1019:
993:
966:
904:
630:
609:
584:
549:Design
468:, and
448:Zhu De
312:, and
304::
237:Action
207:Barrel
198:Length
1585:Rifle
1425:ZB-53
1347:MG 34
1324:MP 34
1319:MP 28
1289:MP 18
1171:and
1159:Luger
1144:M1911
1139:TT-33
1129:M1932
1078:Dadao
659:Notes
612:China
573:Users
477:as a
83:Users
48:rifle
1511:and
1367:Bren
1309:Sten
1017:ISBN
991:ISBN
964:ISBN
902:ISBN
639:and
517:and
409:and
372:P-40
296:The
263:810
190:Mass
158:and
139:1934
90:Wars
80:See
41:Type
1329:EMP
1256:BAR
531:SKS
306:中正式
265:m/s
175:No.
1643::
1362:DP
1299:M3
939:.
882:^
858:^
807:.
794:^
776:^
766:.
753:^
721:^
704:^
687:^
635::
614::
589::
510:.
464:,
428:.
366:A
332:.
154:,
150:,
1053:e
1046:t
1039:v
1025:.
999:.
972:.
910:.
834:.
811:.
788:.
300:(
231:)
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