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The male is 37 to 38 cm long, while the larger female measures 41 to 42 cm. The adults have black upperparts, and an ash-grey chest and abdomen with dark barring. The throat has longitudinal dark stripes and the undertail is white. The uppertail is brown with 5 or 6 dark bands. The legs are
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The oval platform nest measures about 50–80 by 50–60 cm and is some 25 cm high when freshly built. Some nests are more than twice as high; these might have been used in several years. It is built from strongly intertwined dry twigs and sticks. It is placed on forked branches in
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During the day, it likes to perch on branches in its territory, moving between favorite areas of forest in low flight. Areas with strong human activity like settlements are approached cautiously; it is generally not a bird that announces its presence. Pairs split outside the breeding season; it is
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forest, parkland and mixed forest and open habitat. Top hunt, it also visits open areas like shrubland, grassland or agricultural land to hunt. It is rarely if ever seen in heavily human-modified habitat however, and the few individuals that have been encountered in city parks and gardens are
652:. The eggs are dull light bluish to off-white all over and are shaped like a chicken's egg. The eggshell's inside has a slightly more pronounced bluish tinge. Incubation lasts probably about 3 weeks. The parents defend their nesting grounds against other birds of prey, such as the
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The
Chilean hawk hunts forest passerines quite indiscriminately of species, habitat or habits provided they have the right size, though it has a preference for species that live closer to the forest floor. Depending on availability, favorite prey species include
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in mid-air. Both active searching for prey and sitting in ambush to wait what might come along has been observed. During the breeding season, pairs may cooperate in hunting; their different sizes ensures that they do not compete for prey much.
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it is not listed as threatened. On a global scale, it is a rare bird, though not under immediate threat. Populations may decline due to increasing habitat loss from extensive fires, logging pressures, and hunting. It is not evaluated by the
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Birds are only vocal during the breeding season. While engaging in reproductive activity, its calls do not seem to differ from those of the bicoloured hawk. This has at least two rather high-pitched scolding vocalizations: a barking row of
668:); during approaches by such potentially dangerous species, the nestlings will tuck away their heads. It seems that 2 or 3 young are raised on a regular basis, unlike in many other Accipitridae where only the strongest nestling survives.
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to
February, after which the families disperse again. A 1937 nest and a 1945 egg description of the Chilean hawk appear to be based on a misidentification; the nest at least was probably of the
383:
Their movement patterns are not well resolved. Generally it seems to be sedentary, but there is a seasonal influx of
Chilean hawks to NW Argentina. Perhaps they follow the swarms of migrant
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are hampered by the fact that it requires a certain amount of prime habitat to settle in a locale at all. Thus, much otherwise suitable land might be under-utilized by these birds, and
332:, given by a definite Chilean hawk under similar circumstances, might replace one of the above, or it might be a distinct type of call. Pairmates address each other with a squealing
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Young birds have browner upperparts with cream fringes to the feathers. The paler chest and abdomen have longitudinal stripes. The paler uppertail makes the banding more obvious.
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Trejo, Ana; Figueroa Rojas, Ricardo A. & Alvarado
Orellana, Sergio (2006): Forest-specialist raptors of the temperate forests of southern South America: a review.
641:) seem to be much preferred for nesting. Nests are sometimes reused in successive seasons, but more often a new nest is constructed in a different tree every season.
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catches its prey, but as it seems it is optimized for pursuit of small and maneuvrable birds throughout all levels of the forest. It is also able to seize large
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688:, population densities as high as 4 birds per square km have been recorded. Elsewhere, it is far less often seen and usually quite rare. Attempts to assess its
485:), as caused by limited logging activity, may even be prime breeding habitat, although too little is known to be certain. When enough native forest is present,
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Figueroa Rojas, Ricardo A.; Alvarado
Orellana, Sergio; Gonzalez-Acua, Daniel & Corales Stappung, Soraya (2007): Nest characteristics of the Chilean Hawk (
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Figueroa Rojas, Ricardo A.; Alvarado
Orellana, Sergio; Corales Stappung, Soraya & Shehadeh, Ishback (2004): Prey of breeding Chilean hawks (
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calls. These are given near the nest and might announce intruders such as the scientists coming to study the birds. A series of higher-pitched
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the upper part of a tree, close to the main trunk or a main vertical branch, some 16–20 m above ground. At least locally, full-grown
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The
Chilean hawk's food is almost exclusively birds (97.8% of all prey remains in one study), in particular a diverse selection of forest
617:. Pairs apparently form from mid-late October on. Incubating birds have been observed in December, and chicks are seen from about
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but migrating away afterwards. Young birds seem to be quite prone to vagrancy: there is one certain and one possible record from
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unrelated to reproductive activity. Males do aerobatic displays in courtship, such as a double loop resembling an upright "8".
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Because of its forest habitat and secretive behaviour, the
Chilean hawk is one of the least-studied raptors in the
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from where there are a few sightings. The southern limit is generally accepted to be at about 55° latitude in
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not studied whether they are monogamous only during the breeding season or for several seasons. It seldom
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Accipiter
Chilensis mating - Video by Emmy Award winner cinematographer Christian Munoz-Donoso
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is not well known. In significant numbers, the
Chilean hawk probably only occurs north to
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these birds or had simply crossed over from some other specimen is not known.
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probably not resident birds. As it seems, it requires not much less than 200
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was found on a museum specimen of the Chilean hawk, but whether it actually
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It is sometimes considered to be a subspecies of its northern relative the
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greenish yellow, and the eyes are yellow. The sexes have similar plumage.
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with abundant mature trees remaining and dense undergrowth, e.g. of
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distributions. But the situation is complicated by the subspecies
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is probably two, sometimes three and rarely one, as usual for
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and sometimes a distinct species. The two show differences in
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temperate forest. It is considered relatively common in the
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of at least 4 species and every now and then an occasional
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It is listed as a rare or insufficiently known species in
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Typically, forest inhabited by this bird is dominated by
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445:). Particular species that have been recorded are
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703:and legally protected under the Hunting Law. In
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419:forest. Far more rarely, it is also found in
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854:Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment
848:, Falconiformes: Accipitridae) in an Andean
364:, though it at least occasionally breeds in
250:apparently in the lowlands of NW Argentina.
189:Philippi & Landbeck, 1864 (but see text)
277:, which is intermediate in plumage between
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415:The Chilean hawk is specifically found in
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29:
20:
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1121:Taxa named by Christian Ludwig Landbeck
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696:have an extremely patchy distribution.
395:). It has been recorded as breeding in
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14:
874:Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia
597:). It has been claimed that the
221:. It was formerly placed in the
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263:American Ornithological Society
852:forest of northern Patagonia.
822:forest in northern Patagonia.
525:It is not well known how this
479:South American mountain bamboo
469:). It probably tolerates some
320:-like faster and accelerating
1:
1111:Birds of the Southern Andes
428:of native forest to breed.
186:Accipiter bicolor chilensis
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866:10.1080/01650520600682999
183:
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39:Scientific classification
37:
28:
23:
613:This hawk breeds in the
510:Colpocephalum turbinatum
374:Fray Jorge National Park
1116:Birds described in 1864
797:(2006), Figueroa Rojas
348:, it is found north to
686:Ñuble National Reserve
368:, and perhaps also in
297:
575:white-crested elaenia
563:Aphrastura spinicauda
559:thorn-tailed rayadito
493:, are also utilized.
489:, e.g. of introduced
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234:forests from central
567:black-chinned siskin
553:round off its diet.
269:preference and have
261:), including by the
1078:Accipiter-chilensis
947:Accipiter chilensis
917:Accipiter chilensis
846:Accipiter chilensis
816:Accipiter chilensis
397:Magallanes Province
690:population density
639:Nothofagus dombeyi
587:Turdus falcklandii
298:
1088:
1087:
1060:Open Tree of Life
909:Taxon identifiers
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666:Aquila chrysaetos
623:chimango caracara
571:Carduelis barbata
366:Valparaíso Region
214:belonging to the
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130:A. chilensis
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603:Columba araucana
591:fire-eyed diucon
579:Elaenia albiceps
521:Food and feeding
475:Secondary growth
393:Columba araucana
378:Tierra del Fuego
362:O'Higgins Region
350:Neuquén Province
244:Tierra del Fuego
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818:) in an Andean
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658:Buteo polyosoma
654:red-backed hawk
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389:Chilean pigeons
370:Coquimbo Region
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230:. It breeds in
204:Astur chilensis
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148:Astur chilensis
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96:Accipitriformes
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16:Species of bird
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619:New Year's Eve
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209:bird of prey
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199:Chilean hawk
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106:Accipitridae
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941:Wikispecies
859:(1): 1-4 .
660:), and the
515:parasitizes
487:plantations
289:Description
1095:Categories
1073:Xeno-canto
850:Nothofagus
820:Nothofagus
809:References
678:Patagonian
539:passerines
467:N. pumilio
459:N. obliqua
451:N. dombeyi
443:Nothofagus
385:passerines
318:woodpecker
271:allopatric
724:Footnotes
705:Argentina
682:Cape Horn
527:carnivore
434:Araucaria
417:temperate
346:Argentina
283:chilensis
242:south to
240:Argentina
227:Accipiter
124:Species:
62:Kingdom:
56:Eukaryota
1013:10523257
926:Wikidata
551:squamate
483:Chusquea
426:hectares
387:or even
354:latitude
322:staccato
316:, and a
275:pileatus
178:Synonyms
160:Landbeck
156:Philippi
102:Family:
76:Chordata
72:Phylum:
66:Animalia
52:Domain:
1065:3596228
1039:2868201
1000:4850140
987:4378237
956:Avibase
932:Q114022
637:trees (
543:Rodents
531:insects
471:logging
411:Ecology
279:bicolor
267:habitat
212:species
207:) is a
162:, 1864)
112:Genus:
92:Order:
82:Class:
1026:824012
801:(2007)
799:et al.
795:et al.
793:Trejo
781:(2004)
779:et al.
763:(2006)
761:et al.
759:Trejo
672:Status
646:clutch
635:coihue
589:) and
547:insect
461:) and
455:hualle
447:coihue
248:winter
216:family
158:&
1101:Astur
1052:79275
1008:IRMNG
974:64G6V
714:CITES
701:Chile
506:louse
499:soars
491:pines
463:lenga
358:Chile
334:waaah
236:Chile
232:Andes
223:genus
117:Astur
1034:NCBI
1021:ITIS
995:GBIF
710:IUCN
644:The
504:The
437:and
403:and
372:and
281:and
197:The
86:Aves
982:EoL
969:CoL
862:doi
834:doi
829:116
629:).
581:),
573:),
549:or
453:),
344:In
330:kie
326:kek
324:of
314:kow
312:or
310:keh
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