268:
297:£473.83 on presents, making far more profligate than European. It was normal to spend as much as £300 per child. Retailers predicted £1.1bn would be spent on toys during Christmastime 2020, with an average of £105 spent on younger children. The relationship between involvement in giving gifts and giving branded items as gifts was investigated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. A composite mean for involvement in gift giving was calculated at 5.81 with a standard deviation of 1.32. A calculated composite mean for involvement in brands as gifts was 1.74 and a standard deviation of 1.09. However, if parents' assuming it was normal for children to receive a lot of gifts, note that we also made a point to shop for other kids for donations. Besides, if parents plan to give no gifts, it is because they don't want children only live in this society of consumption. They will look for other things that bring more joy to the family.
311: noted that because of the mismatch between what the giftee values the gift and the value paid for by the giver, the gifts lose between one-tenth and one-third of their value; he calls it the "deadweight loss of Christmas". This leads to gifts often being returned, sold, or re-gifted. In the 2016 European online survey, 15% of respondents were unhappy about their gifts and 10% could not remember what they had received. Twenty-five percent of respondents said they had re-gifted their presents to someone else, 14% sold the items, 10% tried to return them to the store, and 5% returned the gift to the giver. Seniors were more likely to send their unwanted presents to charity, while those aged 25 to 34 "simply threw them away". Gifts that are least likely to be appreciated rely on personal tastes, and include items like perfumes and cosmetics, ornaments, and clothing.
181:
276:
97:
173:
2674:
890:
33:
201:, customs of gift-giving to children became increasingly widespread in Europe. The custom spread to the United States in the 19th century. This also coincided with the desire of some elites to reduce the rowdiness of adult Christmas celebrations, which in some places were tied to begging, as "bands of young men, often rowdy, would
445:
on
Christmas Eve and hang it on the front door on Christmas night. The wreath stayed on the front door through Epiphany. Some families also baked a special cake for the Epiphany. Other Old Time Traditions from around the world include: Giving gifts on Christmas night only. Giving gifts on the Twelfth
296:
It can divide the gifts given by parents into involvement in parental
Christmas gift giving and giving branded items as gifts. Up to the 1970s, those six weeks before Christmas accounted for 80% of the toy industry's sales. RetailMeNot research found that UK households expect to splurge an average of
292:
The tradition was also embraced by retailers, for whom the weeks and, eventually, the entire month before
Christmas became a very profitable period. Around the turn of the 20th century retailers started directing marketing efforts at children in the hopes that they would entice the parents to buy
180:
303:
There are concerns that gift-giving during
Christmas is too commercial. Seventy percent of respondents to an online survey of 13,576 people in 14 European countries in 2016 said that too much attention is put on spending during the Christmas period, 42% said they felt forced to spend more at
474:
Popular tradition has it that there were three Magi because they presented three gifts to Jesus out of their treasure chests. The presentation of the gifts to Jesus out of their treasure chests. The presentation of the gifts is supposed to be the origin of the practice of giving
Christmas
188:
Some early
Christian rulers, however, interpreted this story as indications that it should be their subjects who should give gifts to their superiors, and insisted on tributes and tithes during that period. This changed around the turn of the millennium following the popularity of the
144:
became increasingly widespread in the Roman lands, the custom of gift-giving occurred on New Year's Day. Around 336 CE, the date
December 25 appears to have become established as the day of Jesus's birth, and the tradition of gift-giving was tied to the story of the
446:
Night only. Giving gifts on each night. On the
Twelfth Night, a Twelfth Night Cake or King Cake is served with a bean or pea baked in it. The person who finds the bean or pea in his or her portion is a King of Queen for the day.
267:
300:
In the early 2000s it was estimated that shoppers in the U.S. alone spend over $ 4 billion each day during the
Christmas shopping season, with an average individual spending over $ 1,000 on gifts.
205:
from home to home and demand handouts from the gentry". Another related aspect was the growing desire by parents to keep children at home, away from the corrupting influence of the urban streets.
1925:
1920:
437:
The Twelve Days of
Christmas, also called Twelvetide, are also associated with festivities that begin on the evening of Christmas Day and last through the morning of
591:
This exchange network of ceremonial welcome was mirrored in a second reciprocity allowing early Christians to imagine their own magi: the phenomenon of giving gifts.
1876:
2262:
1623:
1521:
1352:
157:, a fourth-century Christian bishop and gift-giver, it slowly became a part of Christmas celebrations in countries such as the United Kingdom; in other
275:
1856:
208:
Another relatively recent change concerned the time of Christmas gift-giving. For many centuries, gift-giving took place on December 6 around
2251:
2058:
499:
344:
2132:
1861:
1576:
921:
1930:
1719:
1290:
1116:
20:
2192:
614:
539:
467:
2107:
669:
2332:
2127:
2022:
323:, poorly-wrapped gifts get a preferable reaction because "presents that are neatly wrapped increase a recipient's expectations."
774:
644:
24:
741:
2036:
1419:
1198:
577:
2705:
1957:
1744:
1739:
1253:
1044:
101:
96:
604:
2710:
2112:
1816:
1362:
806:
628:
Most people today trace the practice of giving gifts on Christmas Day to the three gifts that the Magi gave to Jesus.
1024:
894:
831:
569:
218:
2268:
2257:
2177:
2029:
1950:
1769:
1526:
1414:
1128:
1089:
2284:
2070:
1992:
1910:
1903:
1806:
1689:
1111:
943:
248:
1409:
2232:
2217:
2152:
2102:
2097:
2006:
1987:
1871:
1591:
1140:
914:
256:
69:
76:). The practice of giving gifts during Christmastide, according to Christian tradition, is symbolic of the
2162:
1786:
1729:
1274:
978:
381:
287:
198:
2064:
1836:
1734:
1481:
1084:
1017:
279:
77:
172:
271:
Red Cross workers packing Christmas presents for the Fighting Forces during World War II, October 1942
2247:
2202:
1851:
1826:
1791:
1781:
1776:
1754:
1541:
1511:
1466:
1441:
320:
2222:
2197:
2137:
2043:
2009:
1977:
1866:
1846:
1841:
1831:
1821:
1811:
1801:
1759:
1749:
1233:
1049:
190:
2677:
2182:
1796:
1679:
1618:
1613:
1596:
1556:
1064:
971:
907:
438:
386:
363:
209:
166:
2337:
2327:
2187:
2092:
1998:
1943:
1640:
1506:
1486:
1399:
1208:
1135:
1106:
1094:
957:
749:
722:
677:
610:
573:
535:
495:
463:
340:
224:
213:
130:
563:
529:
2510:
2368:
2297:
2242:
2227:
2012:
1699:
1669:
1571:
1561:
1496:
1312:
1213:
714:
194:
2307:
2700:
2625:
2505:
2463:
2443:
2428:
2147:
2142:
2122:
1915:
1898:
1888:
1674:
1606:
1566:
1501:
1451:
1384:
1069:
441:. This period is also called Christmastide ... one early American tradition was to make a
391:
244:
233:
127:
1342:
1238:
232:
replaced early December or January dates as the most common date for gift-giving in the
2556:
2418:
2363:
2237:
2167:
2117:
1964:
1684:
1652:
1646:
1476:
1317:
1285:
1223:
1193:
1123:
308:
154:
64:(December 24), Christmas Day itself (December 25) or on the last day of the twelve-day
37:
2694:
2620:
2541:
2479:
1586:
1581:
1461:
1456:
1379:
1101:
1059:
1012:
964:
252:
240:
229:
146:
81:
65:
61:
197:. Christmas gift-giving to superiors became less common, and around the time of the
2615:
2563:
2398:
2157:
1657:
1531:
1188:
1079:
1039:
985:
216:. The popularity of this custom grew after the positive reception of the 1823 poem
141:
123:
112:
85:
2645:
2322:
2317:
859:
334:
193:
story based on the life of another historical person claimed to be a gift-giver,
2655:
2630:
2551:
2531:
2526:
2500:
2453:
2433:
2383:
1764:
1551:
1491:
1471:
1431:
1426:
1347:
1297:
864:
158:
251:
in some cultures, while in other Christian households, gifts are only given on
2393:
2358:
2207:
1694:
1635:
1601:
1394:
1374:
1327:
1322:
1218:
1183:
1173:
950:
718:
396:
150:
134:
753:
726:
681:
2635:
2423:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2378:
1704:
1337:
1332:
1307:
1263:
1203:
1054:
930:
116:
73:
57:
2458:
1630:
889:
2649:
2640:
2594:
2438:
2312:
2212:
1709:
1663:
1404:
1258:
1243:
1178:
1163:
1152:
2584:
2579:
2484:
2448:
2373:
2342:
1389:
1228:
1168:
1034:
367:
111:
in general is an ancient tradition that came to be associated with the
32:
2589:
2546:
2536:
2172:
2050:
1546:
1516:
1302:
1248:
1029:
775:"Momtroversy: How many Christmas presents should you give your kids?"
442:
354:
Waldfogel, Joel (December 1993). "The Deadweight Loss of Christmas".
162:
184:
Christmas presents for World War I soldiers awaiting shipment, 1917
2388:
1074:
705:
Clarke, Peter (August 2006). "Christmas gift giving involvement".
336:
The Modern Christmas in America: A Cultural History of Gift Giving
304:
Christmas, and 10% borrowed money to be able to afford the gifts.
274:
266:
179:
171:
95:
31:
565:
The Journey of the Magi: Meanings in History of a Christian Story
259:, the first and last days of the Christmas season, respectively.
2610:
2274:
992:
282:, often featuring Christmas gifts, abound in many shopping malls
108:
53:
903:
899:
742:"How much should you spend on Christmas presents this year?"
247:
of many Christian Churches, a gift is given for each of the
670:"Christmas: How did gift-giving and caroling get started?"
19:"Christmas present" redirects here. For other uses, see
2603:
2572:
2519:
2493:
2472:
2351:
2296:
2283:
2081:
1976:
1887:
1718:
1440:
1361:
1272:
1149:
1003:
645:"Why Do Children Get Presents on Christmas Anyway?"
176:
Christmas advertising mentioning gifts from c. 1900
458:Bash, Anthony; Bash, Melanie (November 22, 2012).
606:Stories Behind the Great Traditions of Christmas
531:Stories Behind the Great Traditions of Christmas
832:"The economic case against Christmas presents"
161:, the practice of gift-giving occurs early in
915:
485:
483:
431:Kubesh, Katie; McNeil, Niki; Bellotto, Kimm.
8:
860:"Poorly-Wrapped Gifts Get a Better Response"
126:, gift giving might have occurred near the
2293:
922:
908:
900:
807:"The truth about unwanted Christmas gifts"
523:
521:
519:
517:
515:
513:
511:
100:Wise men give gifts to Jesus, woodcut by
60:. Christmas gifts are often exchanged on
638:
636:
426:
424:
435:. In the Hands of a Child. p. 16.
408:
153:; together with another story, that of
854:
852:
16:Gift given in celebration of Christmas
2252:Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus
800:
798:
796:
700:
698:
243:lasting twelve days according to the
7:
740:Silverman, Rosa (December 5, 2016).
416:The Christmas encyclopedia McFarland
490:Berking, Helmuth (March 30, 1999).
319:According to researchers from the
228:. By the end of the 19th century,
14:
562:Trexler, Richard (May 23, 1997).
494:. SAGE Publications. p. 14.
2673:
2672:
2128:Christmas Day (Trading) Act 2004
2023:Old Santeclaus with Much Delight
888:
133:which was celebrated during the
603:Collins, Ace (April 20, 2010).
528:Collins, Ace (April 20, 2010).
2108:Bronner's Christmas Wonderland
2037:Christmas Day in the Workhouse
1420:Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
1199:Legend of the Christmas Spider
534:. Zondervan. pp. 96–100.
462:. A&C Black. p. 132.
333:William Waits (October 1994).
1:
2059:Christmas television specials
1958:The New Oxford Book of Carols
1045:Annunciation to the shepherds
707:Journal of Consumer Marketing
102:Julius Schnorr von Karolsfeld
36:Christmas gifts underneath a
2113:Christmas and holiday season
805:ING.com (December 1, 2016).
356:The American Economic Review
249:twelve days of Christmastide
2729:
1025:Adoration of the Shepherds
570:Princeton University Press
460:Inside the Christmas Story
285:
219:The Night Before Christmas
212:or in early January after
18:
2668:
2269:WWE Tribute to the Troops
2030:A Visit from St. Nicholas
1951:The Oxford Book of Carols
1527:Feast of the Seven Fishes
1090:Massacre of the Innocents
939:
719:10.1108/07363760610681673
674:Christian Science Monitor
609:. Zondervan. p. 17.
78:presentation of the gifts
2071:Apollo 8 Genesis reading
433:The 12 Days of Christmas
56:given in celebration of
2233:Small Business Saturday
2103:Black Friday (shopping)
2098:Black Friday (partying)
1592:Nine Lessons and Carols
1522:Events and celebrations
1877:Post-War United States
418:p.143. & Co., 2005
382:Christmas gift-bringer
288:Economics of Christmas
283:
272:
199:Protestant Reformation
185:
177:
105:
41:
1926:Hit singles in the US
1921:Hit singles in the UK
1482:Carols by Candlelight
1410:Santa Claus' daughter
1018:Adoration of the Magi
897:at Wikimedia Commons
676:. December 21, 2013.
280:Christmas decorations
278:
270:
222:and the 1843 novella
183:
175:
99:
35:
2706:Christmas traditions
2218:Santa's Candy Castle
1542:Google Santa Tracker
321:University of Nevada
245:liturgical calendars
2711:Christmas economics
2223:Santa Claus Village
2138:Christmas Mountains
2044:Journey of the Magi
1050:Baptism of the Lord
781:. December 21, 2018
492:Sociology of Giving
191:Good King Wenceslas
159:Christian countries
2333:Twelve-dish supper
2183:Jews and Christmas
2133:Christmas Lectures
1862:American Civil War
1597:NORAD Tracks Santa
973:Saint Nicholas Day
387:Christmas Wrapping
284:
273:
210:Saint Nicholas Day
186:
178:
167:Saint Nicholas Day
106:
42:
2688:
2687:
2664:
2663:
2328:Thirteen desserts
2248:Virginia O'Hanlon
2093:Advent Conspiracy
2007:Films (Christmas,
1999:A Christmas Carol
1944:Carols for Choirs
1487:Cavalcade of Magi
1467:Boar's Head Feast
1136:Star of Bethlehem
1107:Nativity of Jesus
1095:flight into Egypt
980:St. Stephen's Day
893:Media related to
501:978-0-85702-613-2
346:978-0-8147-9284-1
225:A Christmas Carol
50:Christmas present
21:Christmas Present
2718:
2680:
2676:
2675:
2511:Redcurrant sauce
2300:
2294:
2289:
2263:Winter festivals
2013:Christmas horror
1980:
1891:
1722:
1577:Meals and feasts
1497:Christmas jumper
1444:
1415:Santa's reindeer
1367:
1313:Father Christmas
1277:
1234:Santa's workshop
1155:
1117:in later culture
995:
988:
981:
974:
967:
960:
953:
946:
933:
924:
917:
910:
901:
892:
877:
876:
874:
872:
856:
847:
846:
844:
842:
828:
822:
821:
819:
817:
802:
791:
790:
788:
786:
771:
765:
764:
762:
760:
737:
731:
730:
702:
693:
692:
690:
688:
666:
660:
659:
657:
655:
640:
631:
630:
625:
623:
600:
594:
593:
588:
586:
559:
553:
552:
550:
548:
525:
506:
505:
487:
478:
477:
455:
449:
448:
428:
419:
413:
371:
362:(5): 1328–1336.
350:
241:Christmas season
195:Saint Wenceslaus
149:giving gifts to
66:Christmas season
2728:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2678:
2660:
2626:Pickled herring
2599:
2568:
2515:
2506:Cranberry sauce
2489:
2468:
2444:Red velvet cake
2429:Poppy seed roll
2347:
2298:
2287:
2285:
2279:
2258:White Christmas
2148:Christmas truce
2143:Christmas seals
2123:Christmas creep
2085:
2083:
2077:
1978:
1972:
1889:
1883:
1720:
1714:
1567:Lord of Misrule
1502:Christmas Peace
1452:Advent calendar
1442:
1436:
1385:Knecht Ruprecht
1365:
1363:
1357:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1157:
1153:
1145:
1070:Herod the Great
1005:
999:
993:
986:
979:
972:
965:
958:
951:
944:
935:
931:
928:
895:Christmas gifts
886:
881:
880:
870:
868:
858:
857:
850:
840:
838:
830:
829:
825:
815:
813:
804:
803:
794:
784:
782:
773:
772:
768:
758:
756:
739:
738:
734:
704:
703:
696:
686:
684:
668:
667:
663:
653:
651:
642:
641:
634:
621:
619:
617:
602:
601:
597:
584:
582:
580:
561:
560:
556:
546:
544:
542:
527:
526:
509:
502:
489:
488:
481:
470:
457:
456:
452:
430:
429:
422:
414:
410:
405:
392:St Nicholas Day
378:
353:
347:
332:
329:
327:Further reading
317:
290:
265:
263:Economic impact
234:Western culture
128:winter solstice
94:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2726:
2725:
2722:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2693:
2692:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2560:
2559:
2557:Smoking Bishop
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2304:
2302:
2291:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2272:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2245:
2240:
2238:Super Saturday
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2168:Giving Tuesday
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2118:Christmas club
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2047:
2040:
2033:
2026:
2016:
2004:
2003:
2002:
1995:
1984:
1982:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1965:Piae Cantiones
1961:
1954:
1947:
1937:
1931:Music charts (
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1907:
1906:
1895:
1893:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1772:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1726:
1724:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1616:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1448:
1446:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1400:Père Fouettard
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1371:
1369:
1366:Saint Nicholas
1359:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1318:Grandpa Indian
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1286:Saint Nicholas
1282:
1280:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1224:Old Man Winter
1221:
1216:
1211:
1209:Miner's figure
1206:
1201:
1196:
1194:Kallikantzaros
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1160:
1158:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1124:Nativity scene
1121:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1104:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1009:
1007:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:
990:
983:
976:
969:
962:
959:Children's Day
955:
948:
945:Blue Christmas
940:
937:
936:
929:
927:
926:
919:
912:
904:
885:
884:External links
882:
879:
878:
848:
823:
792:
766:
732:
713:(5): 283–291.
694:
661:
643:Ringel, Paul.
632:
615:
595:
578:
572:. p. 17.
554:
540:
507:
500:
479:
468:
450:
420:
407:
406:
404:
401:
400:
399:
394:
389:
384:
377:
374:
373:
372:
351:
345:
328:
325:
316:
313:
309:Joel Waldfogel
286:Main article:
264:
261:
214:New Year's Eve
155:Saint Nicholas
93:
90:
82:Three Wise Men
46:Christmas gift
38:Christmas tree
25:Christmas Gift
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2724:
2723:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2681:
2671:
2670:
2667:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:Meat and fish
2602:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2542:Hot chocolate
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2282:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2243:Ugly sweaters
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2153:Controversies
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2080:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2041:
2038:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1988:In literature
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1975:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1886:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1857:United States
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1587:Moravian star
1585:
1583:
1582:Midnight Mass
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1472:Candle arches
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1462:Advent wreath
1460:
1458:
1457:Advent candle
1455:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1364:Companions of
1360:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:Gift-bringers
1271:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1148:
1142:
1141:Twelfth Night
1139:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1102:Nativity Fast
1100:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1060:Christmastide
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1035:Angel Gabriel
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1013:Biblical Magi
1011:
1010:
1008:
1002:
996:
991:
989:
984:
982:
977:
975:
970:
968:
966:Christmas Eve
963:
961:
956:
954:
949:
947:
942:
941:
938:
934:
925:
920:
918:
913:
911:
906:
905:
902:
898:
896:
891:
883:
867:
866:
861:
855:
853:
849:
837:
833:
827:
824:
812:
808:
801:
799:
797:
793:
780:
776:
770:
767:
755:
751:
747:
746:The Telegraph
743:
736:
733:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
701:
699:
695:
683:
679:
675:
671:
665:
662:
650:
646:
639:
637:
633:
629:
618:
616:9780310873884
612:
608:
607:
599:
596:
592:
581:
575:
571:
567:
566:
558:
555:
543:
541:9780310873884
537:
533:
532:
524:
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
512:
508:
503:
497:
493:
486:
484:
480:
476:
471:
469:9781441121585
465:
461:
454:
451:
447:
444:
440:
434:
427:
425:
421:
417:
412:
409:
402:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
379:
375:
369:
365:
361:
357:
352:
348:
342:
339:. NYU Press.
338:
337:
331:
330:
326:
324:
322:
314:
312:
310:
305:
301:
298:
294:
289:
281:
277:
269:
262:
260:
258:
257:Twelfth Night
254:
253:Christmas Day
250:
246:
242:
237:
235:
231:
230:Christmas Eve
227:
226:
221:
220:
215:
211:
206:
204:
200:
196:
192:
182:
174:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
147:Biblical Magi
143:
138:
136:
132:
129:
125:
120:
118:
114:
110:
103:
98:
91:
89:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
70:Twelfth Night
67:
63:
62:Christmas Eve
59:
55:
51:
47:
39:
34:
30:
26:
22:
2616:Gefilte fish
2564:Ponche crema
2399:Melomakarono
2267:
2158:Cyber Monday
2063:
2028:
1997:
1963:
1956:
1949:
1942:
1939:Music books
1932:
1770:Nazi Germany
1662:
1658:Secret Santa
1645:
1536:
1532:Flying Santa
1239:Tió de Nadal
1189:Korvatunturi
1040:Annunciation
1006:Christianity
987:Sol Invictus
887:
871:December 11,
869:. Retrieved
863:
839:. Retrieved
835:
826:
814:. Retrieved
810:
783:. Retrieved
778:
769:
757:. Retrieved
745:
735:
710:
706:
685:. Retrieved
673:
664:
652:. Retrieved
649:The Atlantic
648:
627:
620:. Retrieved
605:
598:
590:
583:. Retrieved
564:
557:
545:. Retrieved
530:
491:
473:
459:
453:
436:
432:
415:
411:
359:
355:
335:
318:
306:
302:
299:
295:
293:more goods.
291:
238:
223:
217:
207:
202:
187:
142:Christianity
139:
124:ancient Rome
121:
107:
86:infant Jesus
49:
45:
43:
29:
2631:Roast goose
2552:Mulled wine
2532:Champurrado
2527:Apple cider
2501:Bread sauce
2454:Szaloncukor
2434:Pumpkin pie
2384:Gingerbread
2338:Smörgåsbord
1979:Other media
1817:Philippines
1807:New Zealand
1690:Twelve Days
1647:Räuchermann
1602:Nutcrackers
1552:Las Posadas
1512:Decorations
1492:Christingle
1432:Zwarte Piet
1427:Snegurochka
1348:Sinterklaas
1298:Santa Claus
841:December 5,
816:December 1,
687:December 4,
654:December 4,
131:in December
109:Gift-giving
2695:Categories
2359:Candy cane
2308:Joulupöytä
2208:Pikkujoulu
1872:New Mexico
1721:By country
1695:Wassailing
1636:Poinsettia
1443:Traditions
1395:Mrs. Claus
1375:Belsnickel
1328:Julemanden
1323:Joulupukki
1254:Wenceslaus
1219:North Pole
1184:Jack Frost
1174:Christkind
1129:Neapolitan
952:Boxing Day
579:0691011265
403:References
397:Boxing Day
307:Economist
151:baby Jesus
135:Saturnalia
2646:Tourtière
2636:Romeritos
2573:Dumplings
2520:Beverages
2424:Pecan pie
2414:Panettone
2409:Pampushka
2404:Mince pie
2379:Fruitcake
2323:Réveillon
2203:NFL games
2198:NBA games
2193:In August
2163:Economics
1933:Billboard
1787:Indonesia
1730:Australia
1705:Yule goat
1680:Stockings
1614:Ornaments
1343:Père Noël
1338:Olentzero
1333:Noel Baba
1308:Ded Moroz
1264:Yule Lads
1204:Mari Lwyd
1055:Bethlehem
932:Christmas
754:0307-1235
727:0736-3761
682:0882-7729
622:April 10,
585:April 10,
547:April 10,
475:presents.
239:With the
137:holiday.
117:Christmas
115:feast of
113:Christian
74:January 5
58:Christmas
2679:Category
2650:meat pie
2641:Stuffing
2595:Varenyky
2464:Yule log
2439:Qurabiya
2313:Julebord
2286:Food and
2213:SantaCon
2178:El Gordo
2065:Yule Log
1837:Scotland
1750:Ethiopia
1735:Colombia
1710:Yule log
1664:Spanbaum
1641:Pyramids
1507:Crackers
1405:Sack Man
1291:folklore
1259:Yule cat
1164:Badalisc
1154:folklore
1065:Epiphany
785:March 3,
779:ABC News
759:March 3,
439:Epiphany
376:See also
315:Wrapping
2585:Pierogi
2580:Hallaca
2485:Borscht
2449:Stollen
2419:Pavlova
2394:Makówki
2374:Cozonac
2343:Wigilia
2228:Scrooge
2188:In July
2086:society
2018:Poetry
1852:Ukraine
1827:Romania
1792:Ireland
1782:Iceland
1777:Hungary
1765:Germany
1755:Finland
1745:England
1740:Denmark
1700:Windows
1631:Piñatas
1619:Parades
1572:Markets
1557:Letters
1547:Hampers
1390:Krampus
1229:Perchta
1169:Caganer
811:ING.com
368:2117564
203:wassail
92:History
84:to the
80:by the
2701:Giving
2656:Turkey
2590:Tamale
2547:Kissel
2537:Eggnog
2494:Sauces
2480:Menudo
2459:Turrón
2369:Cookie
2352:Sweets
2318:Kūčios
2299:Dinner
2173:Grinch
2084:modern
2051:Tomten
2010:Santa,
1993:novels
1911:Operas
1899:Carols
1867:Hawaii
1847:Sweden
1842:Serbia
1832:Russia
1822:Poland
1812:Norway
1802:Mexico
1760:France
1675:Stamps
1670:Szopka
1562:Lights
1517:Didukh
1353:Others
1303:Befana
1249:Vertep
1112:in art
1080:Joseph
1030:Advent
752:
725:
680:
613:
576:
538:
498:
466:
443:wreath
366:
343:
163:Advent
104:, 1860
2389:Kutia
2288:drink
1916:Songs
1890:Music
1797:Italy
1653:Seals
1607:dolls
1537:Gifts
1477:Cards
1380:Elves
1244:Turoń
1214:Nisse
1179:Grýla
1075:Jesus
865:Stuff
364:JSTOR
165:, on
52:is a
2611:Carp
2473:Soup
2364:Cake
2275:Xmas
1904:list
1685:Tree
1624:list
1085:Mary
994:Yule
873:2019
843:2017
818:2017
787:2019
761:2019
750:ISSN
723:ISSN
689:2017
678:ISSN
656:2017
624:2012
611:ISBN
587:2012
574:ISBN
549:2012
536:ISBN
496:ISBN
464:ISBN
341:ISBN
54:gift
23:and
2621:Ham
1151:In
836:Vox
715:doi
255:or
140:As
122:In
48:or
2697::
2254:")
2250:("
2082:In
1004:In
862:.
851:^
834:.
809:.
795:^
777:.
748:.
744:.
721:.
711:23
709:.
697:^
672:.
647:.
635:^
626:.
589:.
568:.
510:^
482:^
472:.
423:^
360:83
358:.
236:.
169:.
119:.
88:.
68:,
44:A
2652:)
2648:(
2053:"
2049:"
2046:"
2042:"
2039:"
2035:"
2025:"
2021:"
2015:)
1935:)
923:e
916:t
909:v
875:.
845:.
820:.
789:.
763:.
729:.
717::
691:.
658:.
551:.
504:.
370:.
349:.
72:(
40:.
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.