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371:. Occasionally from the 12th century, and very often in Northern Europe from the 15th, the Magi are also made to represent the three known parts of the world: Balthasar is very commonly cast as a young African or Moor, and old Caspar is given Oriental features or, more often, dress. Melchior represents Europe and
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reliefs of the 4th century. Crowns are first seen in the 10th century, mostly in the West, where their dress had by that time lost any
Oriental flavour in most cases. The standard Byzantine depiction of the Nativity included the journey or arrival of the mounted Magi in the background, but not them
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is often a bravura piece in which the artist can display their handling of complex, crowded scenes involving horses and camels, but also their rendering of varied textures: the silk, fur, jewels and gold of the Kings set against the wood of the stable, the straw of Jesus's manger and the rough
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Stories throughout the Middle Ages started circulating, which speculated who exactly were the three kings who were famous for visiting the Christ child. Many people assumed that they came from somewhere in the east. Eventually it was decided that the three kings would represent the three main
245:. Artists used the expanded Christian iconography to reinforce the idea that Jesus was recognized, from his earliest infancy, as king of the earth. The adoration scene was often used to represent the Nativity, one of the most indispensable episodes in cycles of the
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are usually there, but also the horses, camels, dogs, and falcons of the kings and their retinue, and sometimes other animals, such as birds in the rafters of the stable. From the 15th century onwards, the
Adoration of the Magi is quite often conflated with the
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206:: "On entering the house, they saw the child with Mary his mother; and they knelt down and paid him homage. Then, opening their treasure chests, they offered him gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh. And having been warned in a dream not to return to
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The "adoration" of the Magi at the crib is the usual subject, but their arrival, called the "Procession of the Magi", is often shown in the distant background of a
Nativity scene (usual in Byzantine icons), or as a separate subject, for example in the
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of travelling merchants, and so international trade in general, and large numbers of their patrons no doubt came from the various international business communities from different countries resident in
Antwerp. In the Greek world, Cretan painter
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The usefulness of the subject to the Church and the technical challenges involved in representing it have made the
Adoration of the Magi a favorite subject of Christian art: chiefly painting, but also sculpture and even music (as in
273:. The prominence of this story, as well as the three kings or magi, is due to the great theological significance that the Biblical story holds, their exotic clothes and looks, as well as their great and expensive gifts.
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567:. The first figural stained glass window made in the United States is the "Adoration of the Magi" window located at Christ Church, Pelham, New York and designed in 1843 by the founder and first rector's son,
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The Magi are usually shown as the same age until about this period, but then the idea of depicting the three ages of man is introduced: a particularly beautiful example is seen on the façade of the
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375:. Early Renaissance paintings of this theme, such as by Fra Angelico and Fra Lippi, emphasize the pomp and pageantry of the scene.
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Iconography of
Christian Art, Vol. I: Christ's incarnation, childhood, baptism, temptation, transfiguration, works and miracles,
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continents at the time; Europe, Asia, and Africa. The three names that prevailed over the centuries for the three kings were
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351:-bearers from various Mediterranean and ancient Near Eastern cultures going back many centuries. The earliest are from
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From the 14th century onward, large retinues are often shown, the gifts are contained in spectacular pieces of
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poses for barbarians submitting to an
Emperor, and presenting golden wreaths, and indeed relate to images of
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presenting their gifts, until the post-Byzantine period, when the western depiction was often adapted to an
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revitalized the Greek
Italian Byzantine style by mixing it with Venetian painting in his rendition of the
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style. Later
Byzantine images often show small pill-box like hats, whose significance is disputed.
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Many hundreds of artists have treated the subject. A partial list of those with articles follows.
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1626:]. Athens: Center for Modern Greek Studies, National Research Foundation. pp. 241â251.
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507:(2:8â20), an opportunity to bring in yet more human and animal diversity; in some compositions (
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for example), the two scenes are contrasted or set as pendants to the central scene, usually a
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1561:(English translation from German), pp. 100â114 and figs. 245â298. London: Lund Humphries.
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From Van Eyck to
Bruegel: Early Netherlandish Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art
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Greek Painters after the Fall of Constantinople (1450â1830). Volume 1: Averkios â Iosif
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work, and the Magi's clothes are given increasing attention. By the 15th century, the
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The scene often includes a fair diversity of animals as well: the ox and ass from the
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In the earliest depictions, the Magi are shown wearing Persian dress of trousers and
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from about 1500 to 1530. These mostly anonymous artists lived in the Golden Age of
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1619:ÎÎ»Î»Î·ÎœÎ”Ï ÎÏÎłÏÎŹÏÎżÎč ΌΔÏÎŹ ÏηΜ ÎλÏÏη (1450â1830). ΀ÏÎŒÎżÏ 1: ÎÎČÎÏÎșÎčÎżÏ â ÎÏÏÎźÏ
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Adoration of the Child Jesus by the three wise men or Magi;
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794:, Domenico Ghirlandaio, Ospedale degli Innocenti, Florence
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The subject was especially popular with the artists of
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is the name traditionally given to the subject in the
1595:, pp. 35â37, 2009, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2009.
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Sandro Botticelli and the birth of modern portraiture
1578:"The Adoration of the Magi", National Gallery of Art
210:, they left for their own country by another path".
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56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
780:The Adoration of the Magi (Geertgen tot Sint Jans)
438:around 1590. The island of Crete was held by the
1486:. Vol. 9. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
202:, and worship him. It is related in the Bible by
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292:commemorates the Adoration of the Magi on the
237:this drew from non-canonical sources like the
217:considerably expanded the bare account of the
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1755:
737:Adoration of the Kings (Gerard David, London)
8:
1665:The Magi in Mosaics, Paintings and Sculpture
772:Adoration of the Magi (Gentile da Fabriano)
712:Adoration of the Magi (Andrea della Robbia)
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16:Worship of the Infant Jesus by Magi in art
900:Adoration of the Magi (Rubens, Cambridge)
874:Adoration of the Magi (Perugino, Perugia)
667:Triptych of the Virgin's Life, Dirk Bouts
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
1499:A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture
563:). The subject matter is also found in
442:and the painting style was known as the
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127:
1512:
997:
922:Adoration of the Magi with Saint Helena
911:Adoration of the Magi (Rubens, Antwerp)
1867:Christ in the House of Martha and Mary
832:Adoration of the Magi (Lorenzo Monaco)
387:clothing of Joseph and the shepherds.
304:Latin section title for this passage:
21:Adoration of the Magi (disambiguation)
1097:Nikolaus Obilman (1435â1488), c. 1466
816:The Adoration of the Kings (Gossaert)
801:Adoration of the Kings (van der Goes)
581:Category:Adoration of the Magi in art
7:
889:Adoration of the Magi (Rubens, Lyon)
419:as the leading business city of the
54:adding citations to reliable sources
1550:
1548:
745:Adoration of the Kings (Damaskinos)
707:, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Strasbourg
14:
1872:Christ Taking Leave of His Mother
1659:"The Three Wise Men in Paintings"
1414:St. Michael's Cathedral (Toronto)
1317:Royal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp
941:Adoration of the Magi (VelĂĄzquez)
916:Royal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp
694:Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery
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1984:
1491:Friedrich Justus Knecht (1910).
1480:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
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979:Adoration of the Magi (tapestry)
964:Adoration of the Magi (Sequeira)
956:Adoration of the Magi (Veronese)
905:King's College Chapel, Cambridge
863:Adoration of the Magi (Mostaert)
840:Adoration of the Magi (Mantegna)
824:Adoration of the Magi (Leonardo)
575:Treatments by individual artists
30:
1852:Christ and the Woman of Samaria
1397:Fragment from medieval fresco,
280:, the event is commemorated in
41:needs additional citations for
1672:
969:National Museum of Ancient Art
879:Galleria Nazionale dell'Umbria
333:Fra Angelico and Filippo Lippi
1:
2338:Annunciation to the shepherds
1817:Rest on the Flight into Egypt
1689:
1494:"Adoration of the Magi"
1157:Domenico Ghirlandaio, 1485-88
757:Adoration of the Magi (DĂŒrer)
460:
324:relief (4th century), Vatican
2502:Adoration of the Magi in art
1842:Miraculous Draught of Fishes
1616:Hatzidakis, Manolis (1987).
1083:Saint-Thiébaut Church, Thann
848:Madonna and Child (Masaccio)
560:Amahl and the Night Visitors
296:(December 25). The term is
2507:New Testament people in art
1971:Incredulity of Saint Thomas
1670:
1527:Zambrano, Patrizia (2019).
894:Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon
2525:
1877:Purification of the Temple
1827:Presentation in the Temple
1795:Adoration of the Shepherds
1557:; Seligman, Janet (1971).
1442:Adoration of the Shepherds
1127:; one of the magi is King
959:, National Gallery, London
819:, National Gallery, London
740:, National Gallery, London
717:Victoria and Albert Museum
673:The Adoration of the Kings
578:
501:Adoration of the Shepherds
190:, lay before him gifts of
176:Visitation of the Wise Men
18:
2188:
2039:
1982:
1919:Christ Carrying the Cross
1822:Massacre of the Innocents
1676:Adoration of the Wise Men
1673:
1346:Bartolomé Esteban Murillo
1009:Santa Maria in Trastevere
2031:List of statues of Jesus
1832:Christ Among the Doctors
722:Saint Columba Altarpiece
679:National Gallery, London
503:from the account in the
312:History of the depiction
180:Nativity of Jesus in art
143:National Gallery, London
1361:Domingos Sequeira, 1828
658:National Gallery of Art
604:National Gallery of Art
529:Palazzo Medici Riccardi
415:, as it took over from
290:Eastern Orthodox Church
65:"Adoration of the Magi"
2476:Church of the Nativity
1934:Descent from the Cross
1667:(archived 4 July 2008)
1589:Ainsworth, Maryan Wynn
491:
490:after Hieronymus Bosch
480:
466:
404:
396:Adoration of the Kings
336:
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172:Adoration of the Kings
163:
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138:Adoration of the Kings
2373:Saint Joseph's dreams
2368:Virgin birth of Jesus
2310:Adoration of the Magi
2026:Life of Christ Museum
2021:Stations of the Cross
1800:Adoration of the Magi
1483:Catholic Encyclopedia
1474:Drum, Walter (1910).
1457:Eucharistic adoration
1427:Saint Joseph's dreams
1399:Kremikovtsi Monastery
1129:Charles VII of France
792:Adoration of the Magi
726:Rogier van der Weyden
700:Adoration of the Magi
685:The Star of Bethlehem
649:Adoration of the Magi
633:Adoration of the Magi
614:Adoration of the Magi
591:Adoration of the Magi
488:Adoration of the Magi
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384:Adoration of the Magi
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294:Feast of the Nativity
168:Adoration of the Magi
155:Adoration of the Magi
152:
131:
1771:Life of Jesus in art
1225:, early 17th century
623:Musée des Beaux-Arts
369:cathedral of Orvieto
284:as the Feast of the
282:Western Christianity
50:improve this article
19:For other uses, see
1887:Agony in the Garden
931:Pinacoteca di Brera
619:Bartolomeo Biscaino
457:Monforte Altarpiece
243:Jacobus de Voragine
160:Gentile da Fabriano
2006:Depiction of Jesus
1862:Raising of Lazarus
1713:
1706:
1379:Edward Burne-Jones
1070:of Ruthin, c. 1390
988:Edward Burne-Jones
827:, Uffizi, Florence
775:, Uffizi, Florence
690:Edward Burne-Jones
569:William Jay Bolton
555:Gian-Carlo Menotti
492:
481:
467:
430:Michael Damaskinos
405:
401:Michael Damaskinos
337:
335:, mid-15th century
326:
263:Gaspar (or Caspar)
248:Life of the Virgin
164:
147:
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2421:Nativity displays
2411:Christmas village
2378:Flight into Egypt
2363:Star of Bethlehem
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2252:Gospel of Matthew
2217:Gifts of the Magi
2186:
2185:
2091:Nativity of Jesus
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1949:Harrowing of Hell
1907:Mocking of Christ
1837:Baptism of Christ
1812:Flight into Egypt
1735:
1734:
1727:Flight into Egypt
1697:Star of Bethlehem
1555:Schiller, Gertrud
1538:978-1-78735-461-6
1452:Cavalcade of Magi
1447:Salome (disciple)
1432:Star of Bethlehem
1298:Rubens, Cambridge
1268:Abraham Bloemaert
1028:Giotto di Bondone
546:Dream of the Magi
537:Star of Bethlehem
453:Hugo van der Goes
409:Antwerp Mannerism
288:(January 6). The
233:). By the later
223:Gospel of Matthew
221:described in the
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1966:Supper at Emmaus
1897:Taking of Christ
1847:Marriage at Cana
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1047:Scrovegni Chapel
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1013:Pietro Cavallini
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705:Valerio Castello
662:Washington, D.C.
638:Hieronymus Bosch
608:Washington, D.C.
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1857:Transfiguration
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946:Museo del Prado
730:Alte Pinakothek
642:Museo del Prado
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525:Benozzo Gozzoli
477:by Jan Gossaert
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440:Venetian Empire
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278:church calendar
251:as well as the
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496:Nativity scene
355:paintings and
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1679:Life of Jesus
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61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
2459:Remembrances
2309:
2305:Matthew 2:11
2300:Matthew 1:25
2295:Matthew 1:24
2290:Matthew 1:23
2285:Matthew 1:22
2280:Matthew 1:21
2275:Matthew 1:20
2270:Matthew 1:19
2265:Matthew 1:18
2230:Frankincense
2114:Christ Child
2049:Christianity
2011:Christ Child
1958:
1954:Resurrection
1929:Stabat Mater
1911:
1902:Flagellation
1807:Circumcision
1799:
1785:Annunciation
1736:
1725:
1708:
1695:
1683:The Nativity
1675:
1623:
1618:
1611:
1605:google books
1592:
1584:
1573:
1558:
1528:
1501:. B. Herder.
1498:
1481:
1477:"Magi"
1313:Rubens, 1624
1253:Rubens, Lyon
1186:
1125:Jean Fouquet
1110:Hans Memling
1062:
977:
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596:Fra Angelico
590:
584:
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487:
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366:
345:Late Antique
338:
305:
275:
259:
252:
246:
212:
204:Matthew 2:11
196:frankincense
175:
171:
167:
165:
154:
145:, circa 1515
136:
133:Gerard David
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
2106:Holy Family
2044:Visual arts
2016:Holy Family
1939:Lamentation
1924:Crucifixion
1882:Last Supper
1723:Followed by
1693:Preceded by
1632:10442/14844
1348:, 1655â1660
1206:, 1563â1564
1068:Grey family
1060:A medieval
1030:, 1320â1325
1011:, Rome, by
868:Rijksmuseum
785:Rijksmuseum
523:frescos by
521:Magi Chapel
464: 1470
357:sarcophagus
322:Sarcophagus
235:Middle Ages
215:iconography
106:August 2021
2496:Categories
2388:In culture
2244:Narratives
1507:References
654:Botticelli
627:Strasbourg
579:See also:
403:circa 1591
373:middle age
298:anglicized
213:Christian
184:three Magi
76:newspapers
2471:Christmas
2260:Matthew 1
2207:Bethlehem
2173:Shepherds
2157:Balthazar
1976:Ascension
1913:Ecce homo
1437:Christmas
1331:Rembrandt
1187:Adoration
1173:, c. 1505
1171:Giorgione
750:Heraklion
675:(Bruegel)
557:'s opera
509:triptychs
479:, 1510â15
475:Adoration
380:goldsmith
300:from the
271:Balthasar
2406:Batlejka
2147:Melchior
1790:Nativity
1591:et al.,
1567:59999963
1421:See also
1375:Tapestry
1191:, 1520s
1007:Mosaic,
843:, Uffizi
835:, Uffizi
766:Florence
732:, Munich
644:, Madrid
543:and the
533:Florence
513:Nativity
353:catacomb
286:Epiphany
267:Melchior
2443:Serbian
2401:In film
2351:Related
1994:Related
994:Gallery
883:Perugia
752:, Crete
527:in the
413:Antwerp
349:tribute
302:Vulgate
276:In the
90:scholar
2466:Advent
2450:Others
2438:Vertep
2416:Szopka
2396:In art
2358:Manger
2333:Luke 2
2314:In art
2166:Others
2152:Caspar
2129:Joseph
2098:People
1778:Topics
1716:Events
1638:
1599:
1565:
1535:
1385:, 1887
1333:, 1632
1300:, 1634
1285:, 1630
1270:, 1624
1240:, 1619
1112:, 1470
1043:Giotto
973:Lisbon
950:Madrid
857:Berlin
810:Berlin
762:Uffizi
417:Bruges
269:, and
198:, and
162:, 1423
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
2426:theft
2235:Myrrh
2200:Place
2118:Jesus
2001:Jesus
1944:PietĂ
1622:[
1315:, in
986:with
935:Milan
541:Herod
208:Herod
200:myrrh
97:JSTOR
83:books
2225:Gold
2139:Magi
2124:Mary
1636:ISBN
1597:ISBN
1563:OCLC
1533:ISBN
1219:Icon
598:and
362:icon
192:gold
188:star
166:The
69:news
1628:hdl
982:by
399:by
241:by
227:2:1
174:or
170:or
52:by
2498::
1681::
1634:.
1603:,
1547:^
1515:^
1497:.
1381:,
1377:,
1221:,
1045:,
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967:,
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933:,
929:,
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903:,
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881:,
877:,
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855:,
851:,
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804:,
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760:,
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728:,
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703:,
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688:,
677:,
660:,
656::
652:,
640:,
636:,
625:,
621:,
617:,
606:,
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515:.
461:c.
459:,
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308:.
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257:.
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2116:(
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229:â
225:(
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113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
23:.
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