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signified victory, and a crown in gold and precious stones indicate power and wealth. In
Christian iconography, the crown develops religious meanings. In an early mosaic in Ravenna, Italy, virgins present a crown to the child and Mary as a gesture of humility. The Three kings present their crowns to
454:
form, and had saints on side-panels, now often separated. Later, God the Father often sits to the left of Christ, with the Holy Spirit hovering between them, and Mary kneeling in front and below them. Christ and the Father are normally differentiated by age, and to some extent by costume: God the
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imagined as an earthly court, staffed by saints and angels; in later versions Heaven is more often seen as in the sky, with the figures seated on clouds. The subject is also notable as one where the whole
Christian
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period, and is one of the commonest subjects in surviving 14th-century
Italian panel paintings, mostly made to go on a side-altar in a church. The great majority of Roman Catholic churches had (and have) a
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984:
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and side-panels, the
Coronation was one subject suited to a very tall composition, especially if it had Apostles or other saints of importance to the community depicted on the lower sections.
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as a group of
Apostles is on the earthly space below the heavenly scene, sometimes with Mary's empty tomb. As the central panel of altarpieces became larger until it abandoned the
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In earlier versions, Mary and Christ often sit side-by-side on a wide throne, and typically are only accompanied by angels in smaller altarpieces, although these were often in
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the newly born Jesus as a symbol of secular power submitting to Christ. Marian crowns often include elements of victory and glory, especially during the
Baroque period.
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The "crown" of Mary has been mentioned since the 6th century, as "corona virginum" (crown of virgins). The crown has several meanings in secular depictions. The ancient
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The act of the Virgin Mother of God being physically crowned as Queen of Heaven and Earth after her
Assumption is a traditional Catholic belief echoed in the
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motif. In general, the art of this period, often paid for by royalty and the nobility, increasingly regarded the heavenly court as a mirror of earthly ones.
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The
Coronation of the Blessed Virgin is also a subject of devotion throughout Christianity. Beyond art, the Coronation is a central motif in Marian
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in Rome, she is shown as the mother of Christ, who participates in his kingdom. The Latin text there, adapted from the
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with Christ and God the Father as identical figures, as specified by the cleric who commissioned the work
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Mary crowned in Heaven by Jesus or jointly with God the Father, surrounded by
Cherubim and/or Saints
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Litany of Loreto by Pope Sixtus V (1587): Queen of Angels and All Saints, Queen assumed into Heaven
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authorized by the Pope which are given to specific Marian images venerated in a particular place.
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243:. The feast was formerly celebrated on May 31, at the end of the Marian month, where the
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The subject became common as part of a general increase in devotion to Mary in the Early
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The subject seems to first appear in art, unusually, in
England, where f. 102v in the
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art, being crowned by one or two angels, but this is considered a different subject.
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is often shown together, sometimes in unusual ways. Crowned Virgins are also seen in
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Conventional depiction of the Trinity, with Christ showing the wounds of his Passion
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Sacred Distance: Representing the Virgin Mary in Italian Altarpieces, 1300-1630
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195:" dedicated to Mary. The subject is still often enacted in rituals or popular
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By the 15th century, more individual interpretations are found. From the
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elaborated on these and was used by standard medieval works such as the
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The belief in Mary as Queen of Heaven obtained the papal sanction of
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The subject also drew from the idea of the Virgin as the “Throne of
1294:
F Tschochner, Krone in Marienlexikon Eos St. Ottilien 1988, p.685
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Father is often wearing a beehive-shaped crown, reminiscent of a
262:. The Coronation of the Blessed Virgin Mary is the fifth of the
168:
1360:
1284:" The Coronation of the Virgin, 1324", National Gallery of Art
993:, also with three human figures, in this case three identical
224:(English: 'Queenship of Mary in Heaven') of October 11, 1954.
1352:"The Coronation of the Virgin Mary", Augusta State University
231:
celebrates the feast every August 22, in place of the former
924:
Swedish 15th-century altarpiece in carved and painted wood (
867:
Filippo Lippi (1467-1469); apse of the cathedral of Spoleto
1341:, 2006, Manchester University Press, ISBN 9780719055454
203:, although the crowning is performed by human figures.
65:
Second Vatican Council (1964): Queen of the Universe (
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in the form of a dove, places a crown on the head of
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387:of perhaps 1140 , and another damaged example from
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498:, which stress her earthly royal descent from the
1250:, 11 October 1954, Dicastero per la Comunicazione
897:, with only God the Father in evidence, 1490-1492
423:, indeed most 13th-century cathedrals in France.
1302:
1300:
466:onwards, the subject is often combined with an
333:and other writers. The subject also appears in
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323:(12.1–7). A sermon wrongly believed to be by
8:
2017:
1746:
1667:
1454:
1379:
1365:
1357:
1270:
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978:, with three human figures for the Trinity
18:
1803:Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church
1317:"Santa Maria in Trastevere – Rome, Italy"
852:German 15th-century version with donors,
514:Tota pulchra es, amica mea, veni coronavi
311:. The scriptural basis is found in the
1238:
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1005:
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780:with a larger court setting, 1430-1431
289:The scene is the final episode in the
155:. In early versions the setting is a
63:Pope Pius XII (1954): Queen of Heaven
7:
627:Coronation of the Virgin Altarpiece
426:There are three examples extant on
494:A crowned Mary is usually seen in
337:. The title "Queen of Heaven", or
14:
1212:Marian art in the Catholic Church
1188:depicts Coronation of the Virgin.
1186:St. Michael's Cathedral (Toronto)
555:by Filippo Lippi, Vatican Museums
350:”, that is the throne on which a
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854:Master of the Life of the Virgin
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264:Glorious Mysteries of the Rosary
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379:over the door of the church at
277:in Los Angeles, revived by the
2130:Saint Luke painting the Virgin
1551:Miracle at the Wedding at Cana
1546:Finding of Jesus in the Temple
520:Individual works with articles
273:around the world, such as the
1:
1261:"Glorious Mysteries", Vatican
1018:combines the subject with an
369:Benedictional of St Æthelwold
49:
1148:Irish Catholic Confederation
646:The Coronation of the Virgin
601:Sant'Agostino, San Gimignano
245:present liturgical calendar
139:, sometimes accompanied by
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279:Queen of Angels Foundation
239:in 1969, a change made by
166:Eastern Orthodox Christian
67:Lumen Gentium, Section #59
2146:
1749:
1597:Bilocation to Saint James
1439:
1200:19th-century German altar
504:Santa Maria in Trastevere
251:. In addition, there are
207:Official status and feast
30:
1649:Protoevangelium of James
1184:Stained glass window at
1109:Giulio Cesare Procaccini
619:Coronation of the Virgin
607:Coronation of the Virgin
592:Coronation of the Virgin
584:Coronation of the Virgin
576:Coronation of the Virgin
568:Coronation of the Virgin
560:Coronation of the Virgin
543:Coronation of the Virgin
535:Coronation of the Virgin
527:Coronation of the Virgin
125:Coronation of the Virgin
16:Subject in Christian art
2040:Golden Madonna of Essen
1629:Woman of the Apocalypse
1337:Wright, Rosemary Muir,
735:German altar, 1413-1422
373:Feast of the Assumption
275:Grand Marian Procession
249:Feast of the Visitation
38:Sanctae Mariae Coronavi
1917:Alma Redemptoris Mater
1866:Our Lady of Navigators
570:(Fra Angelico, Uffizi)
562:(Fra Angelico, Louvre)
430:rood screen dados: at
120:
23:The Coronation of the
2102:Theotokos of Vladimir
1531:Presentation of Jesus
1468:Immaculate Conception
1388:Mary, mother of Jesus
721:Martino di Bartolomeo
630:by Moretto da Brescia
578:(Gentile da Fabriano)
552:Marsuppini Coronation
253:Canonical coronations
247:now commemorates the
229:Roman Catholic Church
110:
91:August 22nd (present)
89:May 31st (until 1968)
78:Roman Catholic Church
25:Virgin Mary in Heaven
1222:Canonical Coronation
880:Piero del Pollaiuolo
793:Fra Angelico, Uffizi
778:Fra Angelico, Louvre
597:Piero del Pollaiuolo
537:(El Greco, Illescas)
2084:Madonna del Rosario
1988:Maria mater gratiae
1964:Sub tuum praesidium
1922:Ave Regina caelorum
1876:Our Lady of Victory
1871:Our Lady of Sorrows
1514:Virginal motherhood
1488:Perpetual virginity
1217:Blessed Virgin Mary
1064:Ridolfo Ghirlandaio
995:depictions of Jesus
748:Gentile da Fabriano
413:Notre-Dame de Paris
371:(963-984), for the
2206:Glorious Mysteries
2201:Catholic Mariology
2191:Virgin Mary in art
2125:Life of the Virgin
1841:Life-giving Spring
1831:Help of Christians
1541:Return to Nazareth
1483:Marriage to Joseph
960:Enguerrand Quarton
676:Giuliano da Rimini
651:Enguerrand Quarton
393:Reading, Berkshire
295:, and follows her
292:Life of the Virgin
237:Assumption of Mary
129:Coronation of Mary
121:
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2046:The Golden Virgin
1766:Catholic churches
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1536:Flight into Egypt
1526:Nativity of Jesus
1433:Brothers of Jesus
1170:Domingos Sequeira
934:Unusual Trinities
838:Giovanni di Paolo
599:in the church of
356:Madonna and Child
177:Western Christian
105:
104:
74:Venerated in
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2003:Three Hail Marys
1959:Ave maris stella
1836:Immaculate Heart
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1556:Passion of Jesus
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432:East Portlemouth
361:sedes sapientiae
221:Ad Caeli Reginam
131:is a subject in
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635:Oddi Altarpiece
595:with saints by
545:(Filippo Lippi)
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385:Gloucestershire
319:(45.11–12) and
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153:Queen of Heaven
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1146:Banner of the
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1123:Attributed to
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447:
444:
335:Books of Hours
286:
283:
208:
205:
141:God the Father
103:
102:
99:
93:
92:
87:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
58:
57:
36:
28:
27:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2219:
2218:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2171:
2170:
2169:Saints Portal
2165:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2149:
2148:
2145:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2110:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2078:Agiosoritissa
2076:
2075:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2035:Black Madonna
2033:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1850:of all graces
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
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1786:
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1779:
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1774:
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1769:
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1764:
1760:
1757:
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1748:
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1731:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1650:
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1646:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1598:
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1592:
1589:
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1579:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
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1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
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1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1497:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1370:
1368:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1322:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1280:
1277:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1262:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1242:
1239:
1232:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1180:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1149:
1142:
1137:
1131:
1126:
1125:Amaro do Vale
1119:
1114:
1110:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1089:
1084:
1080:
1074:
1069:
1065:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
992:
986:
981:
977:
976:Book of Hours
970:
965:
961:
955:
950:
943:
938:
933:
927:
920:
915:
911:
905:
900:
896:
890:
885:
881:
875:
870:
863:
858:
855:
848:
843:
839:
833:
828:
824:
823:Filippo Lippi
818:
813:
809:
803:
798:
794:
788:
783:
779:
773:
768:
764:
758:
753:
749:
743:
738:
731:
726:
722:
716:
711:
707:
701:
696:
692:
686:
681:
677:
671:
666:
661:
656:
652:
648:
647:
643:
641:
637:
636:
632:
629:
628:
624:
622:
620:
616:
614:
610:
608:
604:
602:
598:
594:
593:
589:
587:
585:
581:
579:
577:
573:
571:
569:
565:
563:
561:
557:
554:
553:
549:
546:
544:
540:
538:
536:
532:
530:
528:
524:
523:
519:
517:
515:
511:
510:
509:Song of Songs
505:
501:
497:
492:
489:
488:Olympic Games
485:
478:Crown of Mary
477:
475:
473:
469:
465:
460:
458:
453:
445:
443:
441:
437:
433:
429:
424:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
389:Reading Abbey
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
365:
363:
362:
357:
353:
349:
344:
342:
341:
336:
332:
331:
330:Golden Legend
326:
322:
318:
314:
313:Song of Songs
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
293:
284:
282:
280:
276:
272:
267:
265:
261:
256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
225:
223:
222:
218:
214:
213:Pope Pius XII
206:
204:
202:
201:May crownings
198:
194:
190:
185:
180:
178:
174:
170:
167:
163:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
133:Christian art
130:
126:
118:
114:
109:
100:
98:
94:
88:
86:
82:
79:
76:
72:
68:
59:
47:
43:
39:
34:
29:
20:
2167:
2155:
2082:
2062:Stabat Mater
2044:
1932:Regina caeli
1927:Salve Regina
1826:Coredemptrix
1821:Christotokos
1781:month of May
1618:
1590:: later life
1571:Resurrection
1509:Annunciation
1478:Presentation
1461:: early life
1338:
1320:
1311:
1290:
1279:
1256:
1247:
1241:
991:Jean Fouquet
808:Fra Angelico
706:Agnolo Gaddi
645:
634:
625:
618:
606:
591:
583:
575:
567:
559:
550:
542:
534:
526:
513:
507:
493:
484:laurel crown
481:
461:
449:
425:
366:
360:
352:Christ Child
345:
340:Regina Coeli
338:
328:
325:Saint Jerome
290:
288:
268:
257:
241:Pope Paul VI
226:
219:
210:
181:
128:
124:
122:
66:
37:
2092:Derzhavnaya
1754:Apparitions
1561:Crucifixion
1150:(1642–1652)
1128: [
1036:, 1502-1504
912:, 1492-1496
825:, 1441-1447
810:, 1437-1446
795:, 1434-1435
750:, 1422-1425
621:(Velázquez)
529:(Beccafumi)
496:Jesse Trees
457:Papal tiara
446:Composition
305:Middle Ages
271:processions
235:day of the
193:Lady chapel
145:Holy Spirit
115:version by
53: 1340
2196:Coronation
2185:Categories
2109:Hodegetria
2030:Assumption
1983:Magnificat
1788:Feast days
1743:Veneration
1707:Protestant
1641:Apocryphal
1619:Coronation
1614:Assumption
1566:Deposition
1521:Visitation
1332:References
1323:. Mozaico.
1274:Wright, 83
1020:Assumption
974:Page from
895:Botticelli
468:Assumption
405:Strasbourg
381:Quenington
354:sits in a
321:Revelation
299:– not yet
297:Assumption
217:encyclical
189:side altar
97:Attributes
1939:Ave Maria
1912:Antiphons
1891:Theotokos
1846:Mediatrix
1793:Patronage
1776:Devotions
1771:Christmas
1672:Christian
1663:Mariology
1624:Queenship
1602:Dormition
1588:Tradition
1578:Pentecost
1459:Tradition
1428:Elizabeth
1406:(husband)
1172:, c. 1830
1156:Post-1800
1002:Post-1500
708:, c. 1380
512:, reads:
452:polyptych
309:Dormition
119:, c. 1625
48:version.
2157:Category
1993:Memorare
1954:Akathist
1712:Lutheran
1702:Orthodox
1685:Catholic
1680:Anglican
1424:(mother)
1418:(father)
1206:See also
1094:El Greco
1079:El Greco
609:(Rubens)
547:, Uffizi
472:predella
440:Torbryan
401:Chartres
377:tympanum
197:pageants
143:and the
2118:Related
1907:Angelus
1900:Prayers
1861:Panagia
1856:New Eve
1798:Shrines
1730:Islamic
1690:history
1499:In the
1416:Joachim
1034:Raphael
662:To 1500
657:Gallery
640:Raphael
486:in the
348:Solomon
315:(4.8),
303:in the
215:in his
199:called
173:Eastern
162:Trinity
113:Baroque
2097:Eleusa
1998:Rosary
1976:Loreto
1971:Litany
1813:Titles
1404:Joseph
1396:Family
1096:, 1597
1066:, 1504
1051:, 1504
882:, 1483
840:, 1455
765:, 1430
723:, 1400
693:, 1324
438:, and
417:Amiens
397:Senlis
317:Psalms
285:Origin
260:Rosary
233:octave
184:Gothic
157:Heaven
137:Christ
117:Rubens
46:Gothic
2052:PietĂ
1949:Hymns
1723:Other
1695:papal
1501:Bible
1473:Birth
1412:(son)
1410:Jesus
1233:Notes
1132:]
436:Holne
428:Devon
421:Reims
307:– or
301:dogma
169:icons
85:Feast
55:–1350
2071:East
2022:West
1759:list
1607:Tomb
1451:Life
1422:Anne
1081:1591
419:and
409:Laon
227:The
191:or "
175:and
149:Mary
123:The
2013:Art
649:by
611:,
459:.
383:in
151:as
127:or
44:'s
40:by
2187::
1319:.
1299:^
1267:^
1130:pt
638:,
516:.
442:.
434:,
415:,
411:,
407:,
403:,
399:,
281:.
266:.
111:A
50:c.
1852:)
1848:(
1380:e
1373:t
1366:v
928:)
391:(
69:)
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