645:
point over the fluid's service life. Ideally, silicone fluid should be used only to fill non-ABS systems that have not been previously filled with glycol based fluid. Any system that has used glycol-based fluid (DOT 3/4/5.1) will contain moisture; glycol fluid disperses the moisture throughout the system and contains corrosion inhibitors. Silicone fluid does not allow moisture to enter the system, but does not disperse any that is already there, either. A system filled from dry with silicone fluid does not require the fluid to be changed at intervals, only when the system has been disturbed for a component repair or renewal. The United States armed forces have standardised on silicone brake fluid since the 1990s. Silicone fluid is used extensively in cold climates, particularly in Russia and
Finland.
39:
31:
261:(ESP), as these systems often use micro-valves and require very rapid activation. DOT 5.1 fluids are specified with low viscosity over a wide range of temperatures, although not all cars fitted with ABS or ESP specify DOT 5.1 brake fluid. For a faster reaction of the ABS and ESP systems, DOT 4 and DOT 5.1 brake fluids exist with low viscosity meeting the maximum 750 mm/s viscosity at −40 °C (−40 °F) requirement of ISO 4925 class 6. These are often named DOT 4+ or Super DOT 4 and DOT 5.1 ESP.
51:
2009:
1999:
666:
635:
Brake fluids must maintain a low level of compressibility, even with varying temperatures to accommodate different environmental conditions. This is important to ensure consistent brake pedal feel. As compressibility increases, more brake pedal travel is necessary for the same amount of brake caliper
622:
Brake fluids must not corrode the metals used inside components such as calipers, wheel cylinders, master cylinders and ABS control valves. They must also protect against corrosion as moisture enters the system. Additives (corrosion inhibitors) are added to the base fluid to accomplish this. Silicone
231:
Lack of acceptance of silicone-based fluids led to the development of DOT 5.1, a fluid giving the performance advantages of silicone, whilst retaining some familiarity and compatibility with the glycol ether fluids. DOT 5.1 is the non-silicone version of DOT 5, defined by FMVSS 116 as being less than
644:
Glycol-ether (DOT 3, 4, and 5.1) brake fluids are hygroscopic (water absorbing), which means they absorb moisture from the atmosphere under normal humidity levels. Non-hygroscopic fluids (e.g. silicone/DOT 5 and mineral oil based formulations), are hydrophobic, and can maintain an acceptable boiling
285:
Quality standards refer to a brake fluid's "dry" and "wet" boiling points. The wet boiling point, which is usually much lower (although above most normal service temperatures), refers to the fluid's boiling point after absorbing a certain amount of moisture. This is several (single digit) percent,
648:
Brake fluids with different DOT ratings can not always be mixed. DOT 5 should not be mixed with any of the others as mixing of glycol with silicone fluid may cause corrosion because of trapped moisture. DOT 2 should not be mixed with any of the others. DOT 3, DOT 4, and DOT 5.1 are all based on
195:
While a vehicle that uses DOT 3 may also use DOT 4 or 5.1 (a temperature upgrade) if the elastomers in the system accept the borate compounds that raise the boiling point, a vehicle that requires DOT 4 might boil the brake fluid if a DOT 3 (a temperature downgrade) is used. Additionally, these
626:
The advantage of the Citroën LHM mineral oil based brake fluid is the absence of corrosion. Seals may wear out at high mileages but otherwise these systems have exceptional longevity. It cannot be used as a substitute without changing seals due to incompatibility with the rubber.
281:
calipers. It must have a high boiling point to avoid vaporizing in the lines. This vaporization creates a problem because vapor is highly compressible relative to liquid, and therefore negates the hydraulic transfer of braking force - so the brakes will fail to stop the vehicle.
208:
DOT 5 is a silicone-based fluid and is separate from the series of DOT 2, 3, 4, 5.1. It is immiscible with water, and with other brake fluids, and must not be mixed with them. Systems can change fluid only after a complete system changeover, such as a total restoration.
186:
All DOT compliant fluids must be colorless or amber, except for DOT 5 silicone, which must be purple. FMVSS Standard No. 116's scope is limited to fluid 'for use'. Brake fluid 'in use', or not labeled DOT compliant, is found in any color.
1002:
Standard No. 116; Motor vehicle brake fluids Code of
Federal Regulations, Title 49 - Transportation, Chapter V - Part 571 - Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (49CFR571), Subpart B, Sec. 571.116 Standard No. 116; Motor vehicle brake
248:
For reliable, consistent brake system operation, brake fluid must maintain a constant viscosity under a wide range of temperatures, including extreme cold. This is especially important in systems with an
183:. These are widely used in other countries. Their classifications broadly reflect the SAE's specifications, DOT 3 is equivalent to SAE J1703 and ISO class 3, DOT 4 to SAE J1704 and ISO class 4, etc.
216:. An advantage over other forms of brake fluid is that silicone has a more stable viscosity index over a wider temperature range. Another property is that it does not damage paint.
167:
SAE has published standards J1703, J1704, and J1705, reflecting progressively higher performance for brake fluids. These have counterparts in the international standard, ISO 4925.
1005:
155:
has published its standard ISO 4925, defining classes 3, 4, and 5, as well as class 5.1, class 6 and class 7 reflecting progressively higher performance for brake fluids.
305:
feeling. It can potentially suffer phase separation/water pooling and freezing/boiling in the system over time - the main reason single phase hygroscopic fluids are used.
223:. DOT 5 fluid can aerate when the anti-lock brake system is activated. DOT 5 brake fluid absorbs a small amount of air requiring care when bleeding the system of air.
176:
649:
glycol esters and can be mixed, although it is preferable to completely replace existing fluids with fresh to obtain the specified performance.
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143:
Most Brake fluids are manufactured to meet standards set by international, national, or local organizations or government agencies.
290:(water absorbing), which means they absorb moisture from the atmosphere under normal humidity levels. Non-hygroscopic fluids (e.g.
947:"Online Browsing Platform ISO 4925:2020 - Road vehicles -- Specification of non-petroleum-base brake fluids for hydraulic systems"
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Brake fluids must have certain characteristics and meet certain quality standards for the braking system to work properly.
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It contains at least 70% by weight of a diorgano polysiloxane. Unlike polyethylene glycol based fluids, DOT 5 is
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929:"ISO 4925:2020 - Road vehicles -- Specification of non-petroleum-base brake fluids for hydraulic systems"
911:"ISO 4925:2005 - Road vehicles -- Specification of non-petroleum-base brake fluids for hydraulic systems"
833:
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1192:"Viscosity of Automotive brake fluid – viscosity table and viscosity chart :: Anton Paar Wiki"
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1047:"Vehicle Maintenance: Brake Fluid DOT 3, DOT 4, DOT 5.1, and DOT 5 - Valvoline™ Global KSA - EN"
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Silicone based fluid is more compressible than glycol based fluid, leading to brakes with a
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varying from formulation to formulation. Glycol-ether (DOT 3, 4, and 5.1) brake fluids are
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968:"Code of Federal Regulations, § 571.116 Standard No. 116; Motor vehicle brake fluids"
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defines grades DOT 3, DOT 4, DOT 5 and DOT 5.1, where DOT refers to the
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Brake fluid is subjected to very high temperatures, especially in the
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200:-based fluids cannot be mixed with DOT 5.0, which is silicone based.
98:
74:
623:
is less corrosive to paintwork than glycol-ether based DOT fluids.
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1168:"49 CFR 571.116 - Standard No. 116; Motor vehicle brake fluids"
1632:
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659:
1590:
1302:
How Stuff Works: What are the different types of brake fluid?
175:
The
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) under
652:
Brake fluid is toxic and can damage painted surfaces.
424:
93:. It is used to transfer force into pressure, and to
1962:
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1641:
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232:70% silicone. Above that threshold makes it DOT 5.
881:"Chapter 7 : Basic Hydraulic System Theory"
294:/DOT 5 and mineral oil based formulations), are
1022:"What are the different types of brake fluid?"
1606:
1335:
27:Hydraulic fluid used for braking applications
8:
1216:"AN EXPLANATION OF BRAKE AND CLUTCH FLUIDS"
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694:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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135:-based (DOT 5) fluids are also available.
714:Learn how and when to remove this message
309:Characteristics of common braking fluids
219:DOT 5 brake fluid is not compatible with
307:
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1136:
1134:
1132:
872:
603:
328:Viscosity at 100 °C (212 °F)
325:Viscosity at −40 °C (−40 °F)
58:symbol indicating low brake fluid level
982:"Viscosity of Automotive Brake Fluids"
1089:"Brake Fluid Exchange and Technology"
610:"Wet" defined as 3.7% water by volume
7:
797:Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether
692:adding citations to reliable sources
153:International Standards Organisation
817:Triethylene glycol monomethyl ether
792:Polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether
1729:Continuously variable transmission
812:Triethylene glycol monoethyl ether
807:Triethylene glycol monobutyl ether
782:Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether
25:
1144:"DOT Brake Fluid vs. Mineral Oil"
777:Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether
727:Castor oil-based (pre-DOT, DOT 2)
181:U.S. Department of Transportation
108:Most brake fluids used today are
2008:
2007:
1997:
1071:"DOT 5 Brake Fluid: Not for ABS"
664:
97:braking force. It works because
1466:2,4-Dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol
1226:from the original on 2008-11-04
165:Society of Automotive Engineers
1:
1764:Automated manual transmission
2034:Vehicle braking technologies
1537:Automatic transmission fluid
1471:Dinonylnaphthylsulfonic acid
1423:Racing fuel (Tetraethyllead)
1245:"MSDS for DOT 3 brake fluid"
753:Glycol-based (DOT 3, 4, 5.1)
1839:Semi-automatic transmission
851:Brake fluid pressure sensor
787:Dimethyl dipropylene glycol
125:liquide hydraulique minéral
42:Brake fluid reservoir in a
2060:
1676:Internal combustion engine
1461:Dimethyl methylphosphonate
1075:www.freeasestudyguides.com
501:glycol ether/borate ester
481:glycol ether/borate ester
1993:
1975:Hybrid vehicle drivetrain
1864:Transmission control unit
1804:Limited-slip differential
1769:Electrorheological clutch
1628:
856:Hydropneumatic suspension
748:(yellow fluid) (methanol)
744:(red / crimson fluid) or
588:180 °C (356 °F)
585:260 °C (500 °F)
569:165 °C (329 °F)
566:250 °C (482 °F)
550:180 °C (356 °F)
547:260 °C (500 °F)
531:155 °C (311 °F)
528:230 °C (446 °F)
512:140 °C (284 °F)
509:205 °C (401 °F)
492:180 °C (356 °F)
489:260 °C (500 °F)
472:180 °C (356 °F)
469:260 °C (500 °F)
452:180 °C (356 °F)
449:260 °C (500 °F)
432:249 °C (480 °F)
429:249 °C (480 °F)
407:155 °C (311 °F)
404:230 °C (446 °F)
384:155 °C (311 °F)
381:230 °C (446 °F)
362:140 °C (284 °F)
359:205 °C (401 °F)
342:140 °C (284 °F)
339:190 °C (374 °F)
221:anti-lock braking systems
34:Old brake fluid container
1754:Dual-clutch transmission
1446:Butylated hydroxytoluene
1308:StopTech: Brake Fluid 1A
829:Di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate
251:anti-lock braking system
1724:Constant-velocity joint
1552:Windshield washer fluid
1496:Methyl tert-butyl ether
1476:2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol
1388:Lead Replacement Petrol
1051:www.valvolineglobal.com
640:Service and maintenance
1704:Automatic transmission
1403:Compressed natural gas
1252:Online.petro-canada.ca
1148:Epicbleedsolutions.com
823:Silicone-based (DOT 5)
177:FMVSS Standard No. 116
59:
47:
35:
834:Dimethyl polysiloxane
53:
41:
33:
2039:Automotive chemicals
1809:Locking differential
1744:Direct-shift gearbox
688:improve this section
331:Primary constituent
101:are not appreciably
1834:Preselector gearbox
1814:Manual transmission
351:castor oil/alcohol
310:
1980:Electric generator
1885:Wheel hub assembly
1456:1,2-Dichloroethane
1313:2011-10-11 at the
1274:. Total Motorcycle
1117:Trwaftermarket.com
1008:2008-12-08 at the
839:Tributyl phosphate
802:Polyethylene oxide
544:ISO 4925 Class 5-1
322:Wet boiling point
308:
60:
48:
36:
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2020:
1774:Epicyclic gearing
1643:Automotive engine
1588:
1587:
1511:Tetranitromethane
1491:Metal deactivator
1451:1,2-Dibromoethane
984:. Anton Paar Wiki
772:Diethylene glycol
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259:stability control
16:(Redirected from
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2044:Hydraulic fluids
2011:
2010:
2001:
1878:Wheels and tires
1849:Torque converter
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563:ISO 4925 Class 6
525:ISO 4925 Class 4
506:ISO 4925 Class 3
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255:traction control
198:polyglycol-ether
77:applications in
75:hydraulic clutch
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1901:
1898:
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1857:
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1845:
1844:Shift-by-wire
1842:
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1699:
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1681:Petrol engine
1679:
1677:
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1664:
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1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1651:Diesel engine
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1118:
1114:
1113:"Brake Fluid"
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673:This section
671:
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454:
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428:
426:
423:
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419:
416:glycol ether/
415:
412:
409:
406:
403:
400:
399:
396:
393:glycol ether/
392:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
376:
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370:
367:
364:
361:
358:
355:
354:
350:
347:
344:
341:
338:
335:
334:
330:
327:
324:
321:
319:
318:boiling point
315:
313:
312:
306:
304:
299:
297:
293:
289:
283:
280:
276:
272:
265:Boiling point
264:
262:
260:
256:
252:
243:
241:
235:
233:
226:
224:
222:
217:
215:
210:
203:
201:
199:
190:
188:
184:
182:
178:
171:United States
170:
168:
166:
158:
156:
154:
147:International
146:
144:
138:
136:
134:
130:
126:
124:
120:
115:
111:
106:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
65:is a type of
64:
57:
52:
45:
40:
32:
19:
1922:Racing slick
1859:Transfer box
1829:Park-by-wire
1824:Parking pawl
1739:Differential
1714:Direct-drive
1696:Transmission
1686:Steam engine
1631:Part of the
1630:
1541:
1501:Nitromethane
1441:Butyl rubber
1418:Butanol fuel
1301:
1276:. Retrieved
1266:
1255:. Retrieved
1251:
1239:
1228:. Retrieved
1219:
1210:
1199:. Retrieved
1195:
1186:
1175:. Retrieved
1171:
1162:
1151:. Retrieved
1147:
1120:. Retrieved
1116:
1107:
1096:. Retrieved
1092:
1083:
1074:
1065:
1054:. Retrieved
1050:
1041:
1030:. Retrieved
1028:. 2008-12-01
1025:
1016:
997:
986:. Retrieved
976:
950:
941:
932:
923:
914:
891:. Retrieved
887:
875:
861:Pascal's law
710:
701:
686:Please help
674:
651:
647:
643:
634:
625:
621:
606:
441:mineral oil
418:borate ester
395:borate ester
372:glycol ether
302:
300:
284:
268:
247:
239:
230:
218:
211:
207:
194:
185:
174:
162:
150:
142:
117:
110:glycol-ether
107:
103:compressible
87:light trucks
62:
61:
1900:Alloy wheel
1759:Drive wheel
1749:Drive shaft
1709:Chain drive
1542:Brake fluid
1393:Electricity
1383:Biogasoline
951:www.iso.org
933:www.iso.org
915:www.iso.org
759:Alkyl ester
534:≤ 1500 mm/s
515:≤ 1500 mm/s
486:DOT 5.1 ESP
435:≤ 1200 mm/s
387:≤ 1800 mm/s
365:≤ 1500 mm/s
296:hydrophobic
288:hygroscopic
275:drum brakes
214:hydrophobic
123:Rolls-Royce
114:mineral oil
112:based, but
89:, and some
83:motorcycles
79:automobiles
63:Brake fluid
44:Škoda Fabia
2028:Categories
1985:Alternator
1633:Automobile
1622:Powertrain
1532:Antifreeze
1361:Fuel types
1278:2018-05-25
1257:2012-06-04
1230:2015-05-26
1201:2018-07-06
1196:Anton Paar
1177:2018-07-06
1153:2018-05-25
1122:2018-05-26
1098:2018-05-16
1056:2024-06-14
1032:2018-08-12
988:2018-05-25
893:2018-07-06
867:References
740:, usually
733:Castor oil
704:March 2023
656:Components
594:≥ 1.5 mm/s
591:≤ 750 mm/s
575:≥ 1.5 mm/s
572:≤ 750 mm/s
556:≥ 1.5 mm/s
553:≤ 900 mm/s
537:≥ 1.5 mm/s
518:≥ 1.5 mm/s
498:≥ 1.5 mm/s
495:≤ 750 mm/s
478:≥ 1.5 mm/s
475:≤ 900 mm/s
458:≥ 1.5 mm/s
455:≤ 900 mm/s
438:≥ 6.5 mm/s
413:≥ 1.5 mm/s
410:≤ 750 mm/s
390:≥ 1.5 mm/s
368:≥ 1.5 mm/s
279:disk brake
1854:Transaxle
1819:Manumatic
1789:Gearshift
1661:Fuel cell
1570:Fuel card
1527:Motor oil
1378:Biodiesel
764:Aliphatic
675:does not
618:Corrosion
461:silicone
244:Viscosity
139:Standards
56:tell-tale
2013:Category
1952:Tubeless
1937:Run-flat
1917:Off-road
1734:Coupling
1656:Electric
1547:Gear oil
1408:Hydrogen
1398:Kerosene
1311:Archived
1224:Archived
1006:Archived
845:See also
292:silicone
133:silicone
91:bicycles
69:used in
1481:Ecalene
1413:Ethanol
1172:Gpo.gov
746:ethanol
742:butanol
738:Alcohol
696:removed
681:sources
466:DOT 5.1
253:(ABS),
227:DOT 5.1
131:)) and
119:Citroën
99:liquids
95:amplify
18:DOT 5.1
2003:Portal
1963:Hybrid
1927:Radial
1905:Hubcap
1719:Clutch
1666:Hybrid
1635:series
1562:Retail
1520:Fluids
1373:Diesel
1003:fluids
401:DOT 4+
303:spongy
257:, and
1947:Spare
1890:Wheel
1794:Giubo
1354:fuels
1351:Motor
1248:(PDF)
884:(PDF)
767:amine
446:DOT 5
378:DOT 4
356:DOT 3
336:DOT 2
204:DOT 5
191:DOT 4
1942:Snow
1932:Rain
1912:Tire
679:any
677:cite
425:LHM+
316:Dry
277:and
163:The
151:The
73:and
1895:Rim
690:by
273:of
159:SAE
129:LHM
2030::
1250:.
1222:.
1218:.
1194:.
1170:.
1146:.
1131:^
1115:.
1091:.
1073:.
1049:.
1024:.
959:^
949:.
931:.
913:.
902:^
886:.
105:.
85:,
81:,
54:A
1672:)
1668:(
1614:e
1607:t
1600:v
1343:e
1336:t
1329:v
1281:.
1260:.
1233:.
1204:.
1180:.
1156:.
1125:.
1101:.
1077:.
1059:.
1035:.
991:.
970:.
953:.
935:.
917:.
896:.
717:)
711:(
706:)
702:(
698:.
684:.
348:?
345:?
127:(
121:/
116:(
46:I
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
