315:
377:
369:
27:
295:
119:
585:
149:
338:
The pain is continuous and may be described as extreme, growing, sharp, shooting, or throbbing. Putting pressure or warmth on the tooth may induce extreme pain. The area may be sensitive to touch and possibly swollen as well. This swelling may be present at either the base of the tooth, the gum,
516:
and drainage, however, it has become widely recommended that dentists should improve the antibiotic prescribing practices, by limiting the prescriptions to the acute cases that suffer from the severe signs of spreading infection, in an attempt to overcome the development of
455:
A periodontal abscess may be difficult to distinguish from a periapical abscess. Indeed, sometimes they can occur together. Since the management of a periodontal abscess is different from that of a periapical abscess, this differentiation is important to make.
404:
External drainage may begin as a boil which bursts allowing pus drainage from the abscess, intraorally (usually through the gum) or extraorally. Chronic drainage will allow an epithelial lining to form in this communication to form a pus draining canal
470:
If the tooth has pre-existing periodontal disease, with pockets and loss of alveolar bone height, it is more likely to be a periodontal abscess; whereas if the tooth has relatively healthy periodontal condition, it is more likely to be a periapical
986:
974:
539:
Unless they are symptomatic, teeth treated with root canal therapy should be evaluated at 1- and 2-year intervals after the root canal therapy to rule out possible lesional enlargement and to ensure appropriate healing.
495:
is of little help in the early stages of a dental abscess, but later usually the position of the abscess, and hence indication of endodontal/periodontal etiology can be determined. If there is a sinus, a
400:
and may spread either internally or externally. The path of the infection is influenced by such things as the location of the infected tooth and the thickness of the bone, muscle and fascia attachments.
749:
572:
Following conventional, adequate root canal therapy, abscesses that do not heal or enlarge are often treated with surgery and filling the root tips; and will require a biopsy to evaluate the diagnosis.
331:
346:
An acute abscess may be painless but still have a swelling present on the gum. It is important to get anything that presents like this checked by a dental professional as it may become chronic later.
467:
Similarly, in a periodontal abscess pus most likely discharges via the periodontal pocket, whereas a periapical abscess generally drains via a parulis nearer to the apex of the involved tooth.
357:
as the pain can transfer from the infected area. The pain does not normally transfer across the face, only upwards or downwards as the nerves that serve each side of the face are separate.
360:
Severe aching and discomfort on the side of the face where the tooth is infected is also fairly common, with the tooth itself becoming unbearable to touch due to extreme amounts of pain.
1568:
412:
Internal drainage is of more concern as growing infection makes space within the tissues surrounding the infection. Severe complications requiring immediate hospitalization include
1838:
1362:
37:
521:
in the population. A 2018 Cochrane review has found insufficient evidence to rule out if patients with acute dental abscesses can benefit from antibiotic prescriptions.
1531:
1491:
1044:
757:
503:
Generally, periodontal abscesses will be more tender to lateral percussion than to vertical, and periapical abscesses will be more tender to apical percussion.
1561:
2553:
2140:
1648:
349:
In some cases, a tooth abscess may perforate bone and start draining into the surrounding tissues creating local facial swelling. In some cases, the
1658:
1554:
1377:
1186:
282:
1933:
512:
Successful treatment of a dental abscess centers on the reduction and elimination of the offending organisms. This can include treatment with
1872:
1394:
939:
719:
637:
2051:
1613:
1037:
164:. A periapical abscess (i.e. around the apex of the tooth root) has then formed and pus is draining into the mouth via an intraoral sinus (
2501:
1846:
388:
If left untreated, a severe tooth abscess may become large enough to perforate bone and extend into the soft tissue eventually becoming
428:
which has significant consequences on the vital organs such as the heart. Another complication, usually from upper teeth, is a risk of
2033:
474:
In periodontal abscesses, the swelling usually precedes the pain, and in periapical abscesses, the pain usually precedes the swelling.
464:, it is more likely to be a periapical abscess; if it is closer to the gingival margin, it is more likely to be a periodontal abscess.
318:
Tooth#4, the maxillary right second premolar (upper right 2nd bicuspid), after extraction. The two single-headed arrows point to the
233:, although commonly the latter term is applied to an infection which has spread outside the local region around the causative tooth.
2459:
2197:
2056:
1959:
447:
Depending on the severity of the infection, the sufferer may feel only mildly ill, or may in extreme cases require hospital care.
1867:
1854:
1367:
281:
Combined periodontic-endodontic abscess: a situation in which a periapical abscess and a periodontal abscess have combined (see:
2365:
1941:
1506:
1481:
1030:
2106:
1928:
1882:
1793:
1783:
98:
70:
2210:
2130:
2076:
1372:
518:
2584:
2518:
2046:
1887:
1671:
735:
409:). Sometimes this type of drainage will immediately relieve some of the painful symptoms associated with the pressure.
45:
2538:
2159:
2071:
1296:
267:
Gingival abscess: involving only the gum tissue, without affecting either the tooth or the periodontal ligament (see:
77:
206:. In a periapical abscess, usually the origin is a bacterial infection that has accumulated in the soft, often dead,
881:
Cope, Anwen L; Francis, Nick; Wood, Fiona; Chestnutt, Ivor G (27 September 2018). Cochrane Oral Health Group (ed.).
2558:
2360:
1301:
2086:
1181:
314:
56:
41:
1862:
1176:
84:
2355:
2061:
2028:
1738:
1653:
1604:
1496:
1415:
1357:
1352:
1005:
397:
2486:
2286:
2023:
1998:
1918:
1408:
500:
point is sometimes inserted before the x-ray in the hope that it will point to the origin of the infection.
66:
2066:
2018:
2008:
2003:
1892:
1577:
1317:
1206:
608:
603:
319:
165:
2513:
2491:
2404:
1717:
1422:
1347:
1267:
1160:
488:, is free of dental caries and has no large restorations; it is more likely to be a periodontal abscess.
485:
230:
420:
which closes the airway space causing suffocation in extreme cases. Also infection can spread down the
2548:
2217:
2206:
1833:
1823:
1623:
1476:
1429:
223:
2430:
2425:
2335:
2261:
2251:
2225:
2221:
2096:
1902:
1813:
1585:
1511:
1436:
1273:
1249:
1140:
1135:
1103:
1099:
990:
421:
268:
261:
219:
203:
2481:
2392:
1803:
1788:
1778:
1401:
1232:
1196:
1073:
729:
461:
353:
in the neck will become swollen and tender in response to the infection. It may even feel like a
246:
199:
413:
2506:
2186:
1897:
1456:
1339:
1078:
935:
912:
883:"Systemic antibiotics for symptomatic apical periodontitis and acute apical abscess in adults"
863:
812:
715:
633:
492:
173:
2543:
2464:
2278:
2246:
1471:
1291:
1094:
902:
894:
853:
843:
802:
792:
529:
91:
376:
2437:
2325:
2149:
2081:
1988:
1808:
1687:
1501:
1201:
1107:
1088:
590:
566:
2563:
2442:
2345:
2175:
2041:
1983:
1968:
1828:
1759:
1330:
1227:
907:
882:
858:
831:
807:
780:
274:
Pericoronal abscess: involving the soft tissues surrounding the crown of a tooth (see:
254:
999:
995:
2578:
2523:
2340:
2236:
2192:
1877:
1676:
1634:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1263:
1155:
1068:
1054:
598:
437:
389:
323:
275:
215:
161:
368:
2528:
2454:
2350:
2122:
2013:
1993:
1798:
1712:
1083:
898:
497:
433:
350:
299:
207:
1010:
653:
372:
A dental infection resulting in an abscess and inflammation of the maxillary sinus
2533:
2241:
2135:
2101:
2091:
1923:
1733:
1703:
1119:
513:
425:
211:
157:
2421:
2416:
1744:
1694:
1667:
1486:
1461:
1258:
779:
Dar-Odeh NS, Abu-Hammad OA, Al-Omiri MK, Khraisat AS, Shehabi AA (July 2010).
580:
525:
441:
417:
393:
148:
2411:
2256:
2180:
2126:
1594:
1447:
1283:
533:
294:
250:
178:
916:
867:
816:
477:
A history of toothache with sensitivity to hot and cold suggests previous
2496:
2447:
2310:
2305:
2154:
1643:
1618:
1546:
1466:
1222:
1150:
1145:
1022:
478:
354:
340:
966:
678:
326:(in this case, heavily decayed) and the roots. The double headed arrow
2476:
2387:
2315:
2231:
1818:
1191:
797:
406:
55:
if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and
848:
142:
Dentoalveolar abscess, Periapical abscess, tooth abscess, root abscess
2471:
978:
429:
2330:
375:
367:
313:
293:
195:
2399:
2320:
547:
1550:
1026:
714:(2nd, new and updated ed.). 2nd: PasTest Ltd. p. 68.
330:
shows the extent of the abscess that surrounds the apex of the
191:
20:
432:
traveling through pathways to which it can possibly lead to
384:
with significant inflammation of fatty tissue under the skin
830:
Oberoi SS, Dhingra C, Sharma G, Sardana D (February 2015).
339:
and/or the cheek, and sometimes can be reduced by applying
260:
Periodontal abscess: begins in a periodontal pocket (see:
481:, and indicates that a periapical abscess is more likely.
298:
Abscess originating from a tooth, that has spread to the
781:"Antibiotic prescribing practices by dentists: a review"
528:
therapy can be performed. Non-restorable teeth must be
52:
832:"Antibiotics in dental practice: how justified are we"
1363:
Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease
956:
2378:
2298:
2277:
2168:
2115:
1976:
1967:
1958:
1911:
1767:
1758:
1726:
1701:
1685:
1632:
1602:
1593:
1584:
1446:
1386:
1338:
1326:
1310:
1282:
1245:
1215:
1169:
1128:
1117:
1061:
960:
172:
138:
133:
416:, which is a combination of growing infection and
654:"Tooth abscess: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia"
543:Abscesses may fail to heal for several reasons:
306:: deformation of the cheek on the second day.
198:. The most common type of dental abscess is a
51:Please review the contents of the article and
1562:
1038:
222:(or combinations of these factors). A failed
8:
628:Rapini RP, Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL (2007).
2554:Recurrent toxin-mediated perineal erythema
1973:
1964:
1840:Mycobacterium avium–intracellulare complex
1764:
1599:
1590:
1569:
1555:
1547:
1335:
1125:
1045:
1031:
1023:
957:
934:(1st ed.). Saunders. pp. 104–5.
147:
130:
1649:Cutaneous group B streptococcal infection
906:
857:
847:
806:
796:
785:Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management
705:
703:
701:
699:
160:, broken down tooth, which has undergone
460:If the swelling is over the area of the
396:respectively. From there it follows the
1378:Combined periodontic-endodontic lesions
1187:Combined periodontic-endodontic lesions
887:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
620:
283:Combined periodontic-endodontic lesions
727:
519:antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains
380:CT scan showing a large tooth abscess
241:The main types of dental abscess are:
16:Collection of pus in or around a tooth
1873:Rapid growing mycobacterium infection
484:If the tooth gives normal results on
7:
2052:Human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis
1614:Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
1358:Generalized aggressive periodontitis
245:Periapical abscess: The result of a
210:of the tooth. This can be caused by
2502:Chronic undermining burrowing ulcer
322:, which is the line separating the
226:may also create a similar abscess.
1353:Localized aggressive periodontitis
202:, and the second most common is a
14:
2460:Superficial pustular folliculitis
2057:Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis
1868:Primary inoculation tuberculosis
1368:Necrotizing periodontal diseases
932:Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology
583:
117:
25:
2366:Gram-negative toe web infection
1942:Group JK corynebacterium sepsis
310:: deformation on the third day.
2107:Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection
1929:Cutaneous diphtheria infection
1883:Tuberculosis cutis orificialis
1794:Borderline tuberculoid leprosy
1784:Borderline lepromatous leprosy
899:10.1002/14651858.CD010136.pub3
562:Associated periodontal disease
559:Foreign material in the lesion
524:If the tooth can be restored,
229:A dental abscess is a type of
53:add the appropriate references
1:
2131:Primary gonococcal dermatitis
2077:Flinders Island spotted fever
1373:Abscesses of the periodontium
750:"Dental abscess - Management"
553:Inadequate root canal therapy
190:is a localized collection of
2519:Blistering distal dactylitis
2047:Rocky Mountain spotted fever
1935:Arcanobacterium haemolyticum
1888:Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis
1672:Chronic recurrent erysipelas
1182:Chronic apical periodontitis
836:International Dental Journal
754:Clinical Knowledge Summaries
2539:Blastomycosis-like pyoderma
2160:Chromobacteriosis infection
2072:Mediterranean spotted fever
1297:Calcifying odontogenic cyst
536:of all apical soft tissue.
38:reliable medical references
2601:
2559:Tick-borne lymphadenopathy
2361:Gram-negative folliculitis
1302:Glandular odontogenic cyst
1177:Acute apical periodontitis
1863:Papulonecrotic tuberculid
1848:Mycobacterium haemophilum
630:Dermatology: 2-Volume Set
257:, of the root of a tooth.
155:
146:
44:or relies too heavily on
2356:Lymphogranuloma venereum
2062:Flea-borne spotted fever
2035:Rickettsia aeschlimannii
2029:American tick bite fever
1739:Erysipeloid of Rosenbach
1654:Streptococcal intertrigo
1497:Linear gingival erythema
1395:A. actinomycetemcomitans
1011:D010482 D005491, D010482
734:: CS1 maint: location (
710:Fan KF, Jones J (2009).
486:pulp sensibility testing
398:path of least resistance
2487:Trichomycosis axillaris
2024:African tick bite fever
1999:North Asian tick typhus
1919:Cutaneous actinomycosis
556:Vertical root fractures
253:located at the tip, or
2199:Haemophilus influenzae
2143:Pasteurella hemolytica
2067:Japanese spotted fever
2019:Bacillary angiomatosis
2009:Flying squirrel typhus
2004:Queensland tick typhus
1893:Tuberculous cellulitis
1856:Mycobacterium kansasii
1578:Bacterial skin disease
1492:Horizontal bony defect
1318:Cracked tooth syndrome
1207:Vertical root fracture
609:Intraoral dental sinus
604:Focal infection theory
385:
373:
335:
311:
2514:Elephantiasis nostras
2492:Necrotizing fasciitis
2405:Hospital furunculosis
2087:Brill–Zinsser disease
1718:Dermatitis gangrenosa
1348:Chronic periodontitis
1268:Chronic periodontitis
1161:Pink tooth of Mummery
1146:Irreversible pulpitis
440:(extremely rare), or
379:
371:
317:
297:
231:odontogenic infection
2549:Chronic lymphangitis
2218:Hot tub folliculitis
2207:Pseudomonal pyoderma
1834:Miliary tuberculosis
1824:Lichen scrofulosorum
1624:Toxic shock syndrome
1532:Vertical bony defect
1477:Gingival enlargement
1069:Caries (tooth decay)
632:. St. Louis: Mosby.
382:(right in the image)
224:root canal treatment
2585:Infectious diseases
2438:Acute lymphadenitis
2431:Perianal cellulitis
2426:Pyogenic paronychia
2336:Chlamydia infection
2252:Granuloma inguinale
2226:Green nail syndrome
2222:Ecthyma gangrenosum
2097:Cat-scratch disease
1903:Tuberculoid leprosy
1814:Lepromatous leprosy
1661:Streptococcus iniae
1512:Periodontal disease
1274:Periodontal disease
1246:Gingiva/periodontal
1151:Reversible pulpitis
1141:Internal resorption
1136:External resorption
1104:Internal resorption
1100:External resorption
930:Neville BW (1995).
760:on 27 December 2011
712:OSCEs for dentistry
565:Penetration of the
269:periodontal abscess
262:periodontal abscess
220:periodontal disease
204:periodontal abscess
2482:Pitted keratolysis
2393:Periapical abscess
1804:Erythema induratum
1789:Borderline leprosy
1779:Aquarium granuloma
1507:Periodontal pocket
1402:Capnocytophaga sp.
1233:Periapical abscess
1197:Periapical abscess
798:10.2147/tcrm.s9736
386:
374:
336:
312:
290:Signs and symptoms
200:periapical abscess
194:associated with a
2572:
2571:
2507:Fournier gangrene
2374:
2373:
2273:
2272:
2214:hot-foot syndrome
2187:Vibrio vulnificus
1954:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1898:Tuberculous gumma
1754:
1753:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1241:
1240:
1118:Pulp/periapical (
1020:
1019:
941:978-1-4160-3435-3
849:10.1111/idj.12146
721:978-1-905635-50-4
639:978-1-4160-2999-1
493:dental radiograph
184:
183:
128:Medical condition
126:
125:
102:
2592:
2544:Bullous impetigo
2465:Sycosis vulgaris
2279:Campylobacterota
2228:
1974:
1965:
1765:
1600:
1591:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1548:
1472:Furcation defect
1336:
1292:Dentigerous cyst
1126:
1095:tooth resorption
1047:
1040:
1033:
1024:
958:
946:
945:
927:
921:
920:
910:
878:
872:
871:
861:
851:
827:
821:
820:
810:
800:
776:
770:
769:
767:
765:
756:. Archived from
746:
740:
739:
733:
725:
707:
694:
693:
691:
689:
675:
669:
668:
666:
664:
650:
644:
643:
625:
593:
588:
587:
586:
151:
131:
121:
120:
112:
109:
103:
101:
67:"Dental abscess"
60:
29:
28:
21:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2589:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2380:
2370:
2294:
2269:
2205:
2164:
2150:Meningococcemia
2111:
2082:Verruga peruana
1989:Epidemic typhus
1946:
1907:
1809:Histoid leprosy
1770:
1750:
1722:
1697:
1688:Corynebacterium
1681:
1628:
1580:
1575:
1545:
1536:
1502:Occlusal trauma
1482:Gingival pocket
1442:
1382:
1328:
1322:
1306:
1278:
1247:
1237:
1211:
1202:Phoenix abscess
1165:
1113:
1108:Root resorption
1089:Hypercementosis
1057:
1051:
1021:
1016:
1015:
969:
955:
950:
949:
942:
929:
928:
924:
893:(9): CD010136.
880:
879:
875:
829:
828:
824:
778:
777:
773:
763:
761:
748:
747:
743:
726:
722:
709:
708:
697:
687:
685:
683:medlineplus.gov
677:
676:
672:
662:
660:
658:medlineplus.gov
652:
651:
647:
640:
627:
626:
622:
617:
591:Medicine portal
589:
584:
582:
579:
567:maxillary sinus
510:
453:
414:Ludwig's angina
366:
292:
239:
162:pulpal necrosis
129:
122:
118:
113:
107:
104:
61:
50:
46:primary sources
30:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2598:
2596:
2588:
2587:
2577:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2564:Tropical ulcer
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2462:
2451:
2450:
2445:
2443:Pilonidal cyst
2440:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2414:
2409:
2408:
2407:
2397:
2396:
2395:
2384:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2346:Rat-bite fever
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2283:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2203:
2195:
2190:
2183:
2178:
2176:Pasteurellosis
2172:
2170:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2138:
2133:
2119:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2042:Rickettsialpox
2039:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1984:Endemic typhus
1980:
1978:
1971:
1969:Pseudomonadota
1962:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1852:
1844:
1836:
1831:
1829:Lupus vulgaris
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1775:
1773:
1769:Mycobacterium-
1762:
1760:Actinomycetota
1756:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1748:
1741:
1736:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1709:
1707:
1699:
1698:
1693:
1691:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1665:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1640:
1638:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1610:
1608:
1605:Staphylococcus
1597:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1574:
1573:
1566:
1559:
1551:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1453:
1451:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1405:
1398:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1344:
1342:
1333:
1331:periodontology
1324:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1288:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1261:
1255:
1253:
1243:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1228:Radicular cyst
1225:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1132:
1130:
1123:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1042:
1035:
1027:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1002:
983:
982:: K04.6, K04.7
970:
965:
964:
962:
961:Classification
954:
953:External links
951:
948:
947:
940:
922:
873:
822:
771:
741:
720:
695:
670:
645:
638:
619:
618:
616:
613:
612:
611:
606:
601:
595:
594:
578:
575:
570:
569:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
532:, followed by
509:
506:
505:
504:
501:
489:
482:
475:
472:
468:
465:
452:
449:
365:
362:
328:(bottom right)
291:
288:
287:
286:
279:
272:
265:
258:
238:
237:Classification
235:
188:dental abscess
182:
181:
176:
170:
169:
153:
152:
144:
143:
140:
136:
135:
134:Dental abscess
127:
124:
123:
116:
114:
33:
31:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2597:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2524:Botryomycosis
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2400:Boil/furuncle
2398:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2377:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2341:Leptospirosis
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2291:
2289:
2285:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2276:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2237:Salmonellosis
2235:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2194:
2193:Rhinoscleroma
2191:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1910:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1878:Scrofuloderma
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1757:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1678:
1677:Scarlet fever
1675:
1673:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1635:Streptococcus
1631:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1572:
1567:
1565:
1560:
1558:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1517:Periodontitis
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1423:P. intermedia
1420:
1418:
1417:
1416:P. gingivalis
1413:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1327:To be grouped
1325:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1264:Periodontitis
1262:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1244:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1156:Pulp necrosis
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1116:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1055:tooth disease
1048:
1043:
1041:
1036:
1034:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1003:
1001:
997:
993:
992:
988:
984:
981:
980:
976:
972:
971:
968:
963:
959:
952:
943:
937:
933:
926:
923:
918:
914:
909:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
877:
874:
869:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
841:
837:
833:
826:
823:
818:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
790:
786:
782:
775:
772:
759:
755:
751:
745:
742:
737:
731:
723:
717:
713:
706:
704:
702:
700:
696:
684:
680:
674:
671:
659:
655:
649:
646:
641:
635:
631:
624:
621:
614:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
599:Barodontalgia
597:
596:
592:
581:
576:
574:
568:
564:
561:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
545:
544:
541:
537:
535:
531:
527:
522:
520:
515:
507:
502:
499:
494:
490:
487:
483:
480:
476:
473:
469:
466:
463:
459:
458:
457:
450:
448:
445:
444:(also rare).
443:
439:
438:brain abscess
435:
431:
427:
423:
422:tissue spaces
419:
415:
410:
408:
402:
399:
395:
391:
390:osteomyelitis
383:
378:
370:
364:Complications
363:
361:
358:
356:
352:
347:
344:
342:
333:
329:
325:
321:
316:
309:
305:
301:
296:
289:
284:
280:
277:
276:Pericoronitis
273:
270:
266:
263:
259:
256:
252:
248:
244:
243:
242:
236:
234:
232:
227:
225:
221:
218:or extensive
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
180:
177:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
154:
150:
145:
141:
137:
132:
115:
111:
100:
97:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69: –
68:
64:
63:Find sources:
58:
54:
48:
47:
43:
39:
34:This article
32:
23:
22:
19:
2529:Malakoplakia
2455:Folliculitis
2379:Unspecified
2351:Lyme disease
2288:Helicobacter
2287:
2262:
2211:
2198:
2185:
2142:
2123:Gonococcemia
2034:
2014:Trench fever
1994:Scrub typhus
1934:
1855:
1847:
1839:
1799:Buruli ulcer
1768:
1743:
1713:Gas gangrene
1702:
1686:
1660:
1633:
1603:
1437:T. denticola
1435:
1430:T. forsythia
1428:
1421:
1414:
1409:F. nucleatum
1407:
1400:
1393:
1387:Pathogenesis
1093:
1062:Hard tissues
1004:
985:
973:
931:
925:
890:
886:
876:
839:
835:
825:
788:
784:
774:
762:. Retrieved
758:the original
753:
744:
711:
686:. Retrieved
682:
673:
661:. Retrieved
657:
648:
629:
623:
571:
542:
538:
523:
511:
498:gutta percha
454:
446:
434:endocarditis
411:
403:
387:
381:
359:
351:lymph glands
348:
345:
337:
327:
307:
303:
300:buccal space
249:, localized
240:
228:
216:broken teeth
187:
185:
108:January 2018
105:
95:
88:
81:
74:
62:
42:verification
35:
18:
2534:Pyomyositis
2242:Shigellosis
2212:Pseudomonas
2136:Melioidosis
2102:Oroya fever
2092:Brucellosis
1924:Nocardiosis
1734:Listeriosis
1704:Clostridium
1250:Periodontal
842:(1): 4–10.
688:18 November
663:18 November
514:antibiotics
426:mediastinum
212:tooth decay
139:Other names
36:needs more
2422:Paronychia
2417:Cellulitis
2290:cellulitis
2201:cellulitis
2141:Cutaneous
1745:Mycoplasma
1695:Erythrasma
1668:Erysipelas
1659:Cutaneous
1487:Gingivitis
1462:Edentulism
1448:Pathologic
1259:Gingivitis
1170:Periapical
1120:Endodontal
679:"Fistulas"
615:References
526:root canal
451:Diagnostic
442:meningitis
418:cellulitis
394:cellulitis
78:newspapers
2412:Carbuncle
2265:infection
2263:Aeromonas
2257:Chancroid
2181:Tularemia
2145:infection
2127:Gonorrhea
2037:infection
1937:infection
1858:infection
1850:infection
1842:infection
1663:infection
1595:Bacillota
1527:Recession
1340:Diagnoses
1284:Bone cyst
1216:Ungrouped
1074:Attrition
1053:Acquired
791:: 301–6.
730:cite book
550:formation
534:curettage
530:extracted
508:Treatment
462:root apex
341:ice packs
251:infection
179:Dentistry
174:Specialty
2579:Category
2497:Gangrene
2448:Pyoderma
2381:pathogen
2311:Syphilis
2306:Syphilid
2155:Glanders
1960:Gram -ve
1644:Impetigo
1619:Impetigo
1586:Gram +ve
1467:Fremitus
1457:Calculus
1450:entities
1223:Pulpitis
1079:Abrasion
917:30259968
868:25510967
817:20668712
577:See also
479:pulpitis
471:abscess.
355:migraine
2477:Ecthyma
2388:Abscess
2316:Chancre
2232:Q fever
1819:Leprosy
1771:related
1192:Fistula
1084:Erosion
908:6513530
859:9376535
808:2909496
764:1 March
424:to the
407:fistula
332:palatal
247:chronic
166:gumboil
158:decayed
92:scholar
57:removed
2472:Pimple
2247:Plague
1912:Others
1727:Others
1522:Plaque
1129:Pulpal
938:
915:
905:
866:
856:
815:
805:
718:
636:
430:sepsis
94:
87:
80:
73:
65:
2331:Bejel
2326:Pinta
2299:Other
2169:Gamma
1977:Alpha
1329:from
1311:Other
1000:522.7
996:522.5
334:root.
324:crown
308:Below
304:Above
196:tooth
99:JSTOR
85:books
2321:Yaws
2116:Beta
1006:MeSH
991:9-CM
936:ISBN
913:PMID
891:2018
864:PMID
813:PMID
766:2012
736:link
716:ISBN
690:2022
665:2022
634:ISBN
548:Cyst
392:and
255:apex
208:pulp
71:news
40:for
987:ICD
975:ICD
903:PMC
895:doi
854:PMC
844:doi
803:PMC
793:doi
320:CEJ
192:pus
2581::
2424:/
2224:/
2220:/
2216:/
2209:/
1670:/
1106:,
1102:,
1009::
998:,
994::
979:10
911:.
901:.
889:.
885:.
862:.
852:.
840:65
838:.
834:.
811:.
801:.
787:.
783:.
752:.
732:}}
728:{{
698:^
681:.
656:.
491:A
436:,
343:.
302:.
285:).
214:,
186:A
168:).
156:A
59:.
2129:/
2125:/
1570:e
1563:t
1556:v
1270:)
1266:(
1252:)
1248:(
1122:)
1110:)
1098:(
1046:e
1039:t
1032:v
989:-
977:-
967:D
944:.
919:.
897::
870:.
846::
819:.
795::
789:6
768:.
738:)
724:.
692:.
667:.
642:.
405:(
278:)
271:)
264:)
110:)
106:(
96:·
89:·
82:·
75:·
49:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
