25:
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During broadcasting, the inherent non linearity in electronic devices may cause a level dependent phase shift. Differential phase distortion (DP or dP) is the shift of color signal phase with respect to the colorburst phase. When DC (brightness / luminance) levels of light colors and the colorburst
225:
To solve the problem of differential phase distortion in PAL system, the polarity of both the colorburst and the color signal are reversed in each consecutive lines. So in odd lines the phase of the colorburst leads and in the even lines the phase of the color signal leads. However, if there is DP
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226:
distortion in the system, the shift caused by DP has always the same polarity, thus the overall shift is more than the original in even line and less than the original in the odd line by the same amount. The average of two lines yields the original phase difference and thus the color.
201:
is about 300 mV. That means that, when the color signal has a low luminance, its DC component is comparable to that of the colorburst. All dark colors have more or less the same DC component as the colorburst. But light colors have a higher luminance and hence a higher DC component.
163:
represents the hue; i.e., each phase lag is assigned for a different color hue. So, in order to reproduce the original color in the receiver, the phase difference between the colorburst and the color signal must be kept constant throughout the broadcasting.
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are different, the hue of the light colors may change. Especially a slight change in skin color may be irritating to viewers (too yellow or too red skin color depending on whether shift is positive or negative).
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systems. The amplitude of the color signal represents the saturation of the color and the phase lag of the color signal with respect to a certain reference which is called
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1. Original phase, 2. Phase in the first line, 3. Phase in the second line, 4. Vectorial addition, 5. Original phase reconstructed (with reduced amplitude)
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632:{\displaystyle {\mbox{f(t)}}={\frac {1}{2}}(\sin(\omega t+\theta +\beta )+\sin(\omega t+\theta -\beta ))=\sin(\omega t+\theta )\cdot \cos(\beta )}
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diminishes on the color hue, the amplitude of the color signal is reduced by
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be the phase difference of the color signal with respect to colorburst and
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The colorburst is a 10 period signal of color carrier (3.58 MHz in
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If there is a DP distortion, the received signal for the first line is
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Type of nonlinearity which causes distortion in color TV transmission
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1454:(trans:Boris Kuznetsov) Mir Publishers, Moscow, 1977, p.375
474:{\displaystyle {\mbox{f(t)}}=sin(\omega t+\theta -\beta )}
406:{\displaystyle {\mbox{f(t)}}=sin(\omega t+\theta +\beta )}
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Color signal, which is actually a subcarrier modulated by
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The modulation technique of the color subcarrier is
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338:{\displaystyle {\mbox{f(t)}}=sin(\omega t+\theta )}
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701:which means that color saturation is reduced.
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417:In the second line (after multiplying by -1)
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69:Learn how and when to remove this message
1165:Output power of an analog TV transmitter
237:The mathematics involved is as follows:
228:
32:This article includes a list of general
1400:
140:The first two terms are usually called
284:be the extra shift introduced by DP.
1408:Television Measurements: NTSC Systems
1195:Direct-broadcast satellite television
7:
1431:Beginner’s Guide to color television
1433:, Newness technical, London, 1978;
1085:Vestigial sideband modulation (VSB)
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
110:(CCVS) consists of three terms:
23:
1080:Quadrature amplitude modulation
149:quadrature amplitude modulation
1244:Television channel frequencies
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1:
1215:Digital television transition
1044:Multichannel television sound
206:Differential phase distortion
190:). It is superimposed on the
1287:Field strength in free space
988:Horizontal blanking interval
108:Composite color video signal
103:Composite color video signal
1185:Superheterodyne transmitter
693:{\displaystyle cos(\beta )}
1491:
1450:V.F.Samoylov-B.P.Khromoy:
1023:Vertical blanking interval
218:
171:
998:Nominal analogue blanking
1317:Television interference
1190:Television receive-only
642:So while the effect of
287:The original signal is
254:{\displaystyle \theta }
53:more precise citations.
1239:Microwave transmission
1205:Terrestrial television
1200:Television transmitter
1160:Intermediate frequency
953:Chrominance subcarrier
694:
657:
656:{\displaystyle \beta }
633:
475:
407:
339:
277:
276:{\displaystyle \beta }
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234:
142:composite video signal
1475:Television technology
1111:Broadcast transmitter
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182:and 4.43 MHz in
1353:Zero reference pulse
1338:Field strength meter
1075:Frequency modulation
983:Horizontal scan rate
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647:
492:
425:
357:
295:
267:
245:
1292:Noise (electronics)
1155:Intercarrier method
1115:Transmitter station
750:broadcasting topics
121:Auxiliary signals (
1413:2009-06-12 at the
1180:Split sound system
1130:Differential phase
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91:which affects the
82:Differential phase
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1307:Radiation pattern
1125:Differential gain
747:Analog television
711:Differential gain
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71:
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1234:Frequency offset
1175:Residual carrier
1120:Cavity amplifier
1018:Television lines
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194:of the CVS. The
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49:this article by
40:inline citations
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1415:Wayback Machine
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1333:Distortionmeter
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1150:Frequency mixer
1106:Antenna (radio)
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973:Composite video
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485:The average is
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97:TV broadcasting
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45:Please help to
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1054:Sound-in-Syncs
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943:Blanking level
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219:Main article:
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172:Main article:
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168:The colorburst
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151:(QAM) both in
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1028:White clipper
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978:Frame (video)
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871:Color systems
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84:is a kind of
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35:
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1470:Broadcasting
1451:
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1403:
1379:Hanover bars
1170:Pre-emphasis
1129:
1094:Transmission
1059:Zweikanalton
963:Color killer
888:Clear-Vision
665:
643:
641:
484:
421:
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196:peak to peak
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114:Monochrome (
107:
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81:
80:
65:
56:
37:
1348:VIT signals
1343:Vectorscope
1282:Earth bulge
1264:Propagation
1227:& bands
1225:Frequencies
1008:Raster scan
948:Chrominance
938:Black level
933:front porch
136:information
51:introducing
1464:Categories
1452:Television
1419:Techtronix
1396:References
1277:Distortion
1210:Transposer
1145:Dummy load
1101:Amplifiers
1068:Modulation
958:Colorburst
929:Back porch
215:PAL system
192:back porch
174:Colorburst
161:colorburst
123:sync pulse
89:distortion
59:April 2010
34:references
1441:, p 65-70
1384:Sparklies
1369:Dot crawl
1362:Artifacts
1302:Path loss
1297:Null fill
1272:Beam tilt
1013:Safe area
685:β
651:β
624:β
618:
612:⋅
606:θ
597:ω
591:
576:β
573:−
570:θ
561:ω
555:
543:β
537:θ
528:ω
522:
466:β
463:−
460:θ
451:ω
398:β
392:θ
383:ω
330:θ
321:ω
271:β
249:θ
199:amplitude
116:luminance
93:color hue
86:linearity
1411:Archived
1374:Ghosting
1135:Diplexer
1003:Overscan
968:Color TV
861:System F
857:System E
853:819-line
847:System N
843:System L
839:System K
835:System I
831:System H
827:System G
823:System D
819:System C
815:System B
811:625-line
805:System M
801:525-line
796:455-line
791:441-line
785:System A
781:405-line
776:375-line
771:343-line
766:180-line
705:See also
188:System G
184:System B
180:System M
129:signals)
127:blanking
118:) signal
1326:Testing
908:PALplus
758:Systems
47:improve
1437:
883:NTSC-J
144:(CVS)
134:chroma
36:, but
1049:NICAM
1037:Sound
922:Video
913:SECAM
903:PAL-S
898:PAL-M
1435:ISBN
1312:Skew
993:Luma
931:and
878:NTSC
498:f(t)
431:f(t)
363:f(t)
301:f(t)
240:Let
186:and
157:NTSC
155:and
125:and
1254:VHF
1249:UHF
893:PAL
615:cos
588:sin
552:sin
519:sin
221:PAL
153:PAL
95:in
1466::
1417:.
859:,
845:,
841:,
837:,
833:,
829:,
825:,
821:,
817:,
99:.
1113:/
863:)
855:(
849:)
813:(
807:)
803:(
787:)
783:(
739:e
732:t
725:v
688:)
682:(
679:s
676:o
673:c
627:)
621:(
609:)
603:+
600:t
594:(
585:=
582:)
579:)
567:+
564:t
558:(
549:+
546:)
540:+
534:+
531:t
525:(
516:(
511:2
508:1
503:=
469:)
457:+
454:t
448:(
445:n
442:i
439:s
436:=
401:)
395:+
389:+
386:t
380:(
377:n
374:i
371:s
368:=
333:)
327:+
324:t
318:(
315:n
312:i
309:s
306:=
72:)
66:(
61:)
57:(
43:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
