339:"Since the blind scholars did not know what the elephant looked like, they resolved to obtain a mental picture, and thus the knowledge they desired, by touching the animal. Feeling its trunk, one blind man argued that the elephant was like a lively snake. Another man, rubbing along its enormous leg, likened the animal to a rough column of massive proportions. The third person took hold of its tail and insisted that the elephant resembled a large, flexible brush. The fourth man felt its sharp tusks and declared it to be like a great spear. Each of the blind scholars held firmly to his own idea of what constituted an elephant. Since their scholarly reputation was riding on the veracity of their respective findings, the blind men eventually ended up arguing over the nature of the elephant."
1301:
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121:
is a very broad concept and has many facets, but in the discussion on globalization, Steger means it to refer to âthe symbolic construction, articulation, and dissemination of meaning.â Topics under this heading include discussion about the development of a global culture, or lack thereof, the role
153:
According to Steger, there are three main types of globalisms (ideologies that endow the concept of globalization with particular values and meanings): market globalism, justice globalism, and religious globalisms. Steger defines them as follows:
140:
Topics of ecological globalization include population growth, access to food, worldwide reduction in biodiversity, the gap between rich and poor as well as between the global North and global South, human-induced climate change, and global
70:
Economic globalization is the intensification and stretching of economic interrelations around the globe. It encompasses such things as the emergence of a new global economic order, the internationalization of trade and finance,
51:. Similar to the blind scholars, some globalization scholars are too focused on compacting globalization into a singular process and clashes over âwhich aspect of social life constitutes its primary domainâ prevail.
173:
struggle against both market globalism and justice globalism as they seek to mobilize a religious values and beliefs that are thought to be under severe attack by the forces of secularism and consumerism.
40:
is organized around the same dimensions, though the ecological is not listed in the title. This set of categories relates to the four-domain approach of circles of social life, and
89:
Political globalization is the intensification and expansion of political interrelations around the globe. Aspects of political globalization include the modern-
485:
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277:
848:
853:
1194:
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constructs an alternative vision of globalization based on egalitarian ideals of global solidarity and distributive justice.
875:
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48:
714:
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41:
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34:: economic, political, cultural, ecological, with ideological aspects of each category. David Held's book
1119:
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These ideologies of globalization (or globalisms) then relate to broader imaginaries and ontologies.
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Cultural globalization is the intensification and expansion of cultural flows across the globe.
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94:
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transnational corporations, and the enhanced role of international economic institutions.
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of the media in shaping our identities and desires, and the globalization of languages.
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23:
19:
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ancient
Buddhist parable of blind scholars and their first encounter with an elephant
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796:
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858:
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seeks to endow âglobalizationâ with free-market norms and neoliberal meanings.
885:
709:
608:
384:
Globalization and
Economy, Vol. 2: Global Finance and the New Global Economy
191:
396:
Globalization and
Economy, Vol. 3: Global Economic Regimes and Institutions
1311:
450:"Levels of Subjective Globalization: Ideologies, Imaginaries, Ontologies"
289:"Levels of Subjective Globalization: Ideologies, Imaginaries, Ontologies"
260:
Globalization and
Politics, Vol. 1: Global Political and Legal Governance
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118:
449:
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382:
370:
288:
258:
240:
222:
463:
372:
Globalization and
Economy, Vol. 1: Global Markets and Capitalism
224:
Globalization and
Economy, Vol. 1: Global Markets and Capitalism
467:
93:
system and its changing place in today's world, the role of
242:
Globalization and
Culture, Vol. 3: Global-Local Consumption
47:
Steger compares the current study of globalization to the
320:
211:
408:
Globalization and
Economy, Vol. 4: Globalizing Labour
97:, and the direction of our global political systems.
1253:
1128:
1063:
980:
971:
898:
735:
656:
649:
529:
454:Perspectives on Global Development and Technology
345:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 11.
293:Perspectives on Global Development and Technology
26:at the University of Hawaii at Manoa argues that
479:
8:
977:
653:
486:
472:
464:
448:Manfred B. Steger and Paul James (2013).
287:Manfred B. Steger and Paul James (2013).
425:Globalization: A Very Short Introduction
343:Globalization: A Very Short Introduction
335:
333:
331:
329:
270:Globalization: A Very Short Introduction
310:
427:. New York: Oxford University Press.
272:. New York: Oxford University Press.
7:
849:New international division of labour
14:
318:Held, David; et al. (1999).
209:Held, David; et al. (1999).
1310:
1300:
1299:
510:
511:
1:
456:. Vol. 12, no. 1â2.
411:. London: Sage Publications.
399:. London: Sage Publications.
387:. London: Sage Publications.
263:. London: Sage Publications.
245:. London: Sage Publications.
227:. London: Sage Publications.
567:Environmental globalization
542:Anti-globalization movement
381:; Patomäki, Heikki (2007).
1354:
715:Offshore financial centres
405:; OâBrien, Robert (2007).
322:. Cambridge: Polity Press.
213:. Cambridge: Polity Press.
129:
110:
104:
82:
63:
1295:
501:
143:environmental degradation
42:Circles of Sustainability
557:Democratic globalization
423:Steger, Manfred (2009).
341:Steger, Manfred (2009).
268:Steger, Manfred (2009).
16:Aspects of globalization
839:Investor-state disputes
792:Illicit financial flows
636:Political globalization
584:Global financial system
393:; Palen, Ronen (2007).
369:; Gills, Barry (2007).
221:; Gills, Barry (2007).
85:Political globalization
1180:Christopher Chase-Dunn
948:Primitive accumulation
631:Military globalization
562:Economic globalization
547:Cultural globalization
187:Cultural globalization
107:Cultural globalization
66:Economic globalization
37:Global Transformations
73:the changing power of
1245:Immanuel Wallerstein
906:Capital accumulation
772:Endangered languages
171:Religious globalisms
1317:Business portal
876:Transnational crime
782:Forced displacement
767:Economic inequality
641:Trade globalization
537:Alter-globalization
1090:Andre Gunder Frank
864:Race to the bottom
854:NorthâSouth divide
572:Global citizenship
1325:
1324:
1291:
1290:
1150:K. Anthony Appiah
1145:Daniele Archibugi
894:
893:
683:COVID-19 pandemic
589:Global governance
434:978-0-19-955226-9
352:978-0-19-955226-9
279:978-0-19-955226-9
165:Justice globalism
95:global governance
1345:
1315:
1314:
1303:
1302:
1256:
1165:Jean Baudrillard
1133:
1080:Giovanni Arrighi
1068:
1025:Branko MilanoviÄ
1005:Jagdish Bhagwati
983:
978:
869:pollution havens
834:Invasive species
738:
659:
654:
604:Global workforce
514:
513:
488:
481:
474:
465:
458:
457:
445:
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419:
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400:
388:
376:
363:
357:
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324:
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315:
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283:
264:
246:
228:
214:
159:Market globalism
1353:
1352:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1321:
1309:
1287:
1268:Thomas Friedman
1254:
1249:
1200:Anthony Giddens
1175:Manuel Castells
1140:Arjun Appadurai
1131:
1129:
1124:
1066:
1064:
1059:
1055:Joseph Stiglitz
995:Richard Baldwin
981:
973:
967:
926:Fiscal localism
890:
844:McDonaldization
762:Development aid
736:
731:
700:Multilingualism
695:Labor arbitrage
671:Climate justice
657:
645:
599:Global politics
552:Deglobalization
525:
497:
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461:
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389:
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22:, professor of
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1170:Zygmunt Bauman
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1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1035:Thomas Piketty
1032:
1030:Kevin O'Rourke
1027:
1022:
1020:Michael Hudson
1017:
1012:
1010:Robert Brenner
1007:
1002:
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881:Westernization
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836:
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741:
739:
733:
732:
730:
729:
724:
723:
722:
720:Tax inversions
717:
707:
702:
697:
692:
690:Digital divide
687:
686:
685:
675:
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666:Climate change
662:
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105:Main article:
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83:Main article:
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64:Main article:
61:
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30:has four main
24:Global Studies
20:Manfred Steger
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1350:
1339:
1338:Globalization
1336:
1335:
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1318:
1313:
1308:
1306:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1284:
1283:Vandana Shiva
1281:
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1260:
1258:
1252:
1246:
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1238:
1236:
1235:Saskia Sassen
1233:
1231:
1230:George Ritzer
1228:
1226:
1225:Antonio Negri
1223:
1221:
1220:L. H. M. Ling
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1205:Michael Hardt
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1185:Alfred Crosby
1183:
1181:
1178:
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1173:
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1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
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1156:
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1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1127:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1115:Susan Strange
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1085:Robert W. Cox
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1045:Jeffrey Sachs
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
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1006:
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1001:
998:
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991:
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987:
985:
979:
976:
970:
964:
963:World-systems
961:
959:
958:World history
956:
954:
953:Social change
951:
949:
946:
942:
939:
937:
934:
933:
932:
931:Modernization
929:
927:
924:
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919:
917:
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901:
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840:
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815:
813:
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808:
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763:
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742:
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711:
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703:
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688:
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669:
668:
667:
664:
663:
661:
655:
652:
648:
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639:
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634:
632:
629:
625:
622:
620:
617:
616:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
594:Global health
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
578:
575:
574:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
534:
532:
528:
522:
519:
517:
509:
507:
504:
503:
500:
496:
495:Globalization
489:
484:
482:
477:
475:
470:
469:
466:
455:
451:
444:
441:
436:
430:
426:
418:
415:
410:
409:
404:
398:
397:
392:
386:
385:
380:
374:
373:
368:
362:
359:
354:
348:
344:
336:
334:
332:
330:
326:
321:
314:
311:
304:
298:
294:
290:
285:
281:
275:
271:
266:
262:
261:
256:
255:Soguk, Nevzat
252:
248:
244:
243:
238:
234:
230:
226:
225:
220:
216:
212:
207:
206:
202:
198:
197:Globalization
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
184:
180:
178:
172:
169:
166:
163:
160:
157:
156:
155:
148:
146:
144:
137:
133:
125:
123:
120:
114:
108:
100:
98:
96:
92:
86:
78:
76:
74:
67:
59:
54:
52:
50:
45:
43:
39:
38:
33:
29:
28:globalization
25:
21:
1278:John R. Saul
1263:Noam Chomsky
1255:Nonâacademic
1195:Susan George
1190:Nancy Fraser
1160:Walden Bello
1105:David Harvey
1095:Stephen Gill
1015:Jayati Ghosh
921:Earth system
787:Human rights
727:Water crisis
624:early modern
453:
443:
424:
417:
407:
395:
383:
371:
361:
342:
319:
313:
296:
292:
269:
259:
241:
237:Szeman, Imre
223:
210:
176:
170:
164:
158:
152:
139:
136:Global issue
132:Anthropocene
116:
91:nation state
88:
72:
69:
46:
35:
31:
27:
18:
1273:Naomi Klein
1155:Ulrich Beck
1130:Politics /
1120:Robert Wade
1110:Ronen Palan
1100:Peter Gowan
1050:Amartya Sen
1040:Dani Rodrik
990:David Autor
916:Development
797:Imperialism
745:Brain drain
403:James, Paul
391:James, Paul
379:James, Paul
367:James, Paul
251:James, Paul
233:James, Paul
219:James, Paul
1215:Paul Hirst
1210:David Held
1075:Samir Amin
1065:Political
1000:Ravi Batra
941:history of
936:ecological
911:Dependency
859:Offshoring
822:scientific
812:linguistic
777:Fair trade
757:Care drain
710:Tax havens
705:Population
614:History of
203:References
149:Ideologies
130:See also:
126:Ecological
111:See also:
55:Dimensions
32:dimensions
1240:John Urry
1132:sociology
982:Economics
886:World war
609:Globality
577:education
192:Globalism
79:Political
1332:Category
1305:Category
974:scholars
899:Theories
807:cultural
802:academic
506:Journals
257:(2014).
239:(2010).
181:See also
113:Internet
101:Cultural
60:Economic
1067:economy
972:Notable
750:reverse
678:Disease
619:archaic
530:Aspects
521:Studies
516:Outline
119:Culture
827:social
658:Global
650:Issues
431:
349:
299:(1â2).
276:
817:media
737:Other
305:Notes
429:ISBN
347:ISBN
274:ISBN
134:and
1334::
452:.
328:^
297:12
295:.
291:.
253:;
235:;
145:.
44:.
487:e
480:t
473:v
437:.
421:"
375:.
355:.
282:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.