88:). For example, the meaningful English word "cat" is composed of the sounds /k/, /æ/, and /t/, which are meaningless as separate individual sounds (and which can also be combined to form the separate words "tack" and "act", with distinct meanings). These sounds, called
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151:. The two terms are similar but different, and Hockett and Martinet proposed their concepts independently. Both of them were probably inspired by Danish linguist
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136:(spelled exactly the same in French). It may also be termed
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183:of alphabetic writing are the letters and the
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348:Hockett, Charles Francis 1916-2000 (1970).
175:of spoken language are phonemes, while the
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283:Éléments de linguistique générale
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124:(1960). The English translation
317:Elements of General Linguistics
120:in 1949, and elaborated in his
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116:was first introduced by
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286:(5th ed.). Colin.
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393:Language and Cognition
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112:The French concept of
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235:Language: the basics
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233:(1999).
197:See also
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90:phonemes
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467:, 2009.
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