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The French
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Although many checks and balances were brought upon France after
Napoleon's death, bureaucratic administration was allowed to continue existing in France after changes in the nation's government. One of the main policies that stayed in France from the Napoleonic era was the administrative hierarchy
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The replacing of older
European hierarchies with bureaucratic administrations was carried out by France on many of its controlled states during the Napoleonic Wars, as seen in many of the occupied Germanic kingdoms and in the
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system began to develop in France, in which civil servants were appointed to French royal courts and would enforce the financial, justice, and economic control of their royal employers over their respective
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Bureaucratic and centralized administration in the French government has continued into the modern era, with France having the 5th highest percentage of government employment in its workforce out of the 32
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member nations as of 2008. There have been reports of bureaucratic corruption in small to large levels of government across mainland France, as there have been with most developed countries.
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held a strong influence on the governments of those nations long after their territories were partitioned back from France after the fall of
Napoleon, and continue to hold influence today.
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was the seminal force in establishing
Napoleon's meritocratic system over France. During his reign, administration over France was centralized into nominated positions of authority at the
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This intendant system existed in different forms until the French
Revolution, with the exertions of power by certain intendants leading to issues between members of royalty, as seen with
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from 1648 to 1653. During this period of history, many judicial and administrative posts were hereditary, and this class of officials composed a part of the
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of France. 65 of these courts were created, with purchasable judge seats. This type of court served until 1790, when the
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The invention of bureaucracy: Serving the State in France, Great
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L'invention de la bureaucratie: servir l'État en France, en Grande-Bretagne et aux États-Unis (XVIIIe-XXe siècles)
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