95:
2907:
1036:
468:
36:
1173:", against those with intellectual disabilities. To avoid the negative connotations of their diagnoses, students who need accommodations because of such conditions are often labeled as "special needs" instead, although the words "special" or "sped" (short for "special education") have long been schoolyard insults. As of August 2013, the
300:
Euphemisms are also used to mitigate, soften or downplay the gravity of large-scale injustices, war crimes, or other events that warrant a pattern of avoidance in official statements or documents. For instance, one reason for the comparative scarcity of written evidence documenting the exterminations
1017:, aware that the word had come to be known to mean murder, replaced that euphemism with one in which Jews would be "guided" (to their deaths) through the slave-labor and extermination camps after having been "evacuated" to their doom. Such was part of the formulation of
1719:
400:
is used as a euphemism for the medical procedure of abortion, often employed for political reasons. Many pro-abortion institutions now advocate using the term "abortion" instead of relying on euphemisms in order to earn greater social acceptance of the
1843:
he report ... cuts through the ocean of euphemism, the EITs, enhanced interrogation techniques, and all that. It gets to straight language. Torture – it's obviously torture. ... the metaphor and the euphemism is designed to dull the moral
1891:
1168:
Intellectually-disabled people were originally defined with words such as "morons" or "imbeciles", which then became commonly used insults. The medical diagnosis was changed to "mentally retarded", which morphed into the pejorative,
3751:
1985:
186:
or suggests something unpleasant. Some euphemisms are intended to amuse, while others use bland, inoffensive terms for concepts that the user wishes to downplay. Euphemisms may be used to mask profanity or refer to
1708:
2572:
1799:
In modern times, various social and political movements have introduced euphemisms, from affirmative action to political correctness to international conflicts, which are linguistically and culturally driven.
1147:" (euphemism by foreign language), which itself came to be replaced by either "African American" or "Black". Also in the United States the term "ethnic minorities" in the 2010s has been replaced by "
1880:
1186:
1610:
703:
Pleasant, positive, worthy, neutral, or nondescript terms are often substituted for explicit or unpleasant ones, with many substituted terms deliberately coined by sociopolitical movements,
1094:(a place where one dresses) had grown from widespread usage (e.g., in the United States) to being synonymous with the crude act they sought to deflect, they were sometimes replaced with
2481:
1960:
2012:
272:
Reasons for using euphemisms vary by context and intent. Commonly, euphemisms are used to avoid directly addressing subjects that might be deemed negative or embarrassing, such as
1830:
409:, meaning a preference for minorities or the historically disadvantaged, usually in employment or academic admissions. This term is sometimes said to be a euphemism for
2564:
1975:
3746:
1929:
3586:
569:
Phonetic euphemism is used to replace profanities and blasphemies, diminishing their intensity. To alter the pronunciation or spelling of a taboo word (such as a
280:, and excretory bodily functions. They may be created for innocent, well-intentioned purposes or nefariously and cynically, intentionally to deceive, confuse or
305:, relative to their sheer number, is "directives for the extermination process obscured in bureaucratic euphemisms". Another example of this is during the 2022
2542:
1904:
Let's stop resorting to euphemisms and call "enhanced interrogation techniques" — including but not limited to waterboarding — what they actually are: torture.
292:
identifies "late" as an occasionally ambiguous term, whose nature as a euphemism for dead and an adjective meaning overdue, can cause confusion in listeners.
3784:
2097:
2941:
2707:
4079:
1602:
1588:
1420:
2294:
1660:
1653:
Uglier even than human-rights abuses and more obscure even than comfort station, affirmative action is a euphemism with little to be said for it.
2208:
1460:
1442:
3734:
3571:
3421:
2471:
532:
450:" when used to evade automated online moderation techniques used on Meta and TikTok's platforms. Algospeak has been used in debate about the
2072:
1518:
3322:
1491:
504:
1952:
2511:
1820:
1786:
885:, although in French the word retains its explicit violent meaning 'a place for beating down', conveniently lost on non-French speakers.
3350:
2328:
1754:
992:
3474:
2126:
511:
1640:
4806:
3596:
3374:
2785:
2451:
2248:
2047:
1780:
1748:
984:
551:
421:
174:
79:
1690:
451:
46:
4735:
3777:
2164:
1214:
194:
such as mental or physical disability, sexual intercourse, bodily excretions, pain, violence, illness, or death in a polite way.
1363:
518:
4728:
4516:
2934:
1161:, the goddess of love, soon lost its deflective force in the post-classical education era, as "VD", which was replaced by the
4811:
2856:
2834:
2766:
2747:
2728:
2671:
2278:
1174:
682:
489:
946:
it without saying it. Over time, circumlocutions become recognized as established euphemisms for particular words or ideas.
1333:
500:
3151:
1182:
434:
2001:
3741:
1920:
1204:
1125:
4539:
3770:
3406:
2201:
1415:
1385:
976:
306:
1859:
61:
2534:
4801:
3198:
2927:
485:
314:
478:
57:
4496:
3857:
3673:
3608:
3469:
1254:
1249:
426:
863:
Expressions or words from a foreign language may be imported for use as euphemism. For example, the French word
4816:
4035:
4030:
3479:
3315:
1665:
692:
320:
Euphemisms are sometimes used to lessen the opposition to a political move. For example, according to linguist
4760:
4697:
4408:
4345:
4287:
4229:
4219:
3932:
3917:
2098:"How pro-Palestinians are using 'Algospeak' to dodge social media scrutiny and disseminate hateful rhetoric"
1483:
1410:
1178:
1162:
525:
414:
285:
284:. Euphemisms which emerge as dominant social euphemisms are often created to serve progressive causes. The
1165:"STD" (sexually transmitted disease); later, "STD" was replaced by "STI" (sexually transmitted infection).
4413:
4109:
3668:
3644:
3566:
3078:
2655:
2264:
1219:
410:
94:
1580:
4680:
4632:
4612:
4531:
4521:
4305:
4189:
3729:
3464:
3416:
2269:
1269:
1259:
376:
2425:, fabric, a form of curtain behind which washing, dressing and hair-dressing were performed (Larousse,
2386:
2302:
321:
2186:
4796:
4647:
4438:
4388:
4124:
4119:
4089:
3952:
3703:
3693:
3688:
3649:
3634:
3506:
3391:
3362:
3289:
3108:
1199:
380:
356:
4791:
4786:
4607:
4597:
4554:
4325:
4152:
4114:
4010:
3639:
3369:
3308:
3274:
3023:
2976:
2681:
1886:
1714:
1274:
1234:
1170:
1048:
Frequently, over time, euphemisms themselves become taboo words, through the linguistic process of
678:
1540:
1023:(the "Final Solution to the Jewish Question"), which became known to the outside world during the
4718:
4481:
4380:
4370:
4320:
4239:
4020:
4015:
3907:
3793:
3683:
3661:
3411:
3118:
2844:
2367:
2053:
1921:"Internet 'algospeak' is changing our language in real time, from 'nip nops' to 'le dollar bean'"
1508:
1209:
852:
405:
325:
277:
2804:
McGlone, M. S.; Beck, G.; Pfiester, R. A. (2006). "Contamination and camouflage in euphemisms".
1068:. For instance, the place of human defecation is a needy candidate for a euphemism in all eras.
417:, which suggests an intentional bias that might be legally prohibited, or otherwise unpalatable.
1157:, which associated shameful bacterial infection with a seemingly worthy ailment emanating from
4627:
4564:
4340:
4310:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4167:
4147:
4005:
3990:
3942:
3887:
3601:
3536:
3521:
3484:
3401:
3386:
3068:
3016:
3011:
2958:
2887:
2852:
2830:
2781:
2762:
2743:
2724:
2667:
2633:
2615:
2503:
2447:
2274:
2244:
2043:
1776:
1770:
1744:
1737:"Chapter 4: Affirmative Action Diversity: A Euphemism for Preferences, Quotas, and Set-asides"
1487:
1289:
1158:
1006:
996:
839:
The use of a term with a softer connotation, though it shares the same meaning. For instance,
1736:
995:": the person sentenced would be shot soon after conviction. As early as 1939, Nazi official
4765:
4589:
4569:
4471:
4433:
4418:
4209:
4184:
4058:
4040:
4000:
3897:
3812:
3698:
3381:
2950:
2879:
2813:
2623:
2607:
2359:
2324:
2134:
2073:"Pro-Palestinian creators use secret spellings, code words to evade social media algorithms"
2035:
1154:
1024:
1014:
1001:
708:
142:
251:
is a reference to the female Greek spirit of words of praise and positivity, etc. The term
4755:
4740:
4685:
4506:
4282:
4129:
4104:
4069:
3912:
3629:
3576:
3551:
3541:
3526:
3459:
3449:
3357:
3345:
3247:
2027:
1630:
1224:
1148:
1049:
621:
247:
2701:
1682:
4821:
4637:
4501:
4486:
4448:
4428:
4365:
4204:
4179:
4084:
3967:
3947:
3902:
3880:
2867:
2628:
2595:
1513:
1264:
1243:
1140:
1019:
968:
939:
907:('little pony') for vessel for anal washing. Ironically, although in English physical "
881:
666:
310:
256:
206:
2906:
2156:
1976:"'Mascara,' 'Unalive,' 'Corn': What Common Social Media Algospeak Words Actually Mean"
1325:
4780:
4745:
4702:
4511:
4491:
4330:
4074:
3922:
3827:
3713:
3396:
3257:
3053:
2716:
2659:
2057:
1635:
1355:
1065:
1010:
1009:
of persons viewed as "disciplinary problems" by the Nazis even before commencing the
760:
742:
117:
106:
2911:
259:; with the meaning "to keep a holy silence" (speaking well by not speaking at all).
4750:
4670:
4665:
4549:
4393:
4335:
4315:
3822:
3591:
3546:
3444:
3439:
3267:
3171:
3088:
2981:
2966:
2439:
1825:
1284:
1124:
appears to have originally been a euphemism for defecation in Pre-Germanic, as the
1044:
is an example of a once-innocuous euphemism that has become outdated and offensive.
972:
887:
792:
126:
2596:"What's in a name? Attitudes surrounding the use of the term 'mental retardation'"
2410:
The Honest Jakes or Privy has graduated via
Offices to the final horror of Toilet.
1821:"Shields and Brooks on the CIA interrogation report, spending bill sticking point"
1035:
4642:
4602:
4453:
4360:
4355:
4224:
4214:
4199:
4025:
3995:
3977:
3842:
3656:
3581:
3531:
3501:
3494:
3454:
3156:
3141:
3136:
3028:
2991:
2971:
2240:
A Question of
Torture: CIA Interrogation, from the Cold War to the War on Terror
2238:
1562:
1239:
988:
964:
960:
955:
943:
935:
893:
712:
687:
579:
467:
391:
Using a euphemism can in itself be controversial, as in the following examples:
17:
4723:
4622:
4579:
4544:
4463:
4403:
4297:
4234:
4053:
3937:
3927:
3852:
3837:
3832:
3807:
3678:
3613:
3556:
3331:
3284:
3188:
3161:
3093:
3083:
3063:
3038:
2986:
2817:
2594:
Nash, Chris; Hawkins, Ann; Kawchuk, Janet; Shea, Sarah E. (17 February 2012).
1872:
Enhanced interrogation has always been a kind of handy euphemism (for torture)
1304:
1294:
1229:
1053:
908:
629:
570:
430:
191:
188:
2891:
2619:
27:
Innocuous word or expression used in place of one that may be found offensive
4443:
4423:
4398:
4277:
4249:
4162:
3985:
3847:
3817:
3511:
3215:
3176:
3166:
3058:
3048:
3043:
3033:
3001:
2996:
2870:(2021). "When Humour Questions Taboo: A Typology of Twisted Euphemism Use".
2795:
2039:
1299:
704:
447:
351:
302:
281:
183:
2637:
2212:
361:, in order to lessen the opposition of right-wing Israelis to such a move.
2611:
2565:"Change in Terminology: 'Mental Retardation' to 'Intellectual Disability'"
1851:
1056:, which University of Oregon linguist Sharon Henderson Taylor dubbed the "
350:('withdrawal'), to refer to the stages in the Israeli withdrawal from the
4574:
4350:
4174:
4157:
4094:
3957:
3875:
3867:
3252:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3205:
3181:
3146:
3131:
3126:
3098:
3073:
3006:
2883:
2102:
1953:"What is 'algospeak'? Inside the newest version of linguistic subterfuge"
911:" are almost always described with euphemism, in French the English word
817:
776:
396:
182:) is an innocuous word or expression used in place of one that is deemed
99:
4690:
4675:
4559:
4476:
4194:
3962:
3892:
3708:
3516:
3227:
3220:
2371:
2202:
Return of
Rongelapese to their Home Island – Note by the Secretary
2002:"From Camping to Cheese Pizza, 'Algospeak' is Taking over Social Media"
980:
739:
637:
221:) which refers to the use of 'words of good omen'; it is a compound of
967:
expressions. For example, in the past, the US military used the term "
4617:
3762:
3279:
3103:
2116:
although properly pronounced in upper-class
British-English "barkley"
2007:
1980:
1090:
625:
121:
112:
2919:
2363:
1661:"Affirmative Action: A Euphemism for Racial Profiling by Government"
64:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
2851:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 678.
1386:"Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, φήμη"
4657:
4257:
3561:
3210:
1709:"The Supreme Court tangles over euphemisms for affirmative action"
1181:". Since 2012, that change in terminology has been adopted by the
1144:
1040:
1034:
903:
834:
273:
93:
1819:
Brooks, David; Shields, Mark; Woodruff, Judy (12 December 2014).
1772:
A Journalist's Guide to Live Direct and
Unbiased News Translation
4139:
2700:
1735:
Raza, M. Ali; Janell
Anderson, A.; Custred, Harry Glynn (1999).
1120:
751:
616:
3766:
3304:
2923:
2350:
Henderson Taylor, Sharon (1974). "Terms for Low
Intelligence".
722:
for 'slaughterhouse' (avoids entirely the subject of killing);
3262:
2664:
Euphemism & Dysphemism: Language Used as Shield and Weapon
2476:
1279:
987:". An effective death sentence in the Soviet Union during the
656:('fuck'), etc. Also, the letter can be phonetically respelled.
461:
313:, in his speech starting the invasion, called the invasion a "
29:
3300:
1187:
disability-related euphemisms that have negative connotations
942:, is one of the most common: to "speak around" a given word,
240:
234:
228:
222:
216:
210:
166:
1072:
is an 18th-century euphemism, replacing the older euphemism
681:" is a notorious British euphemism for "drunk", one of many
148:
1139:
Another example in
American English is the replacement of "
154:
2243:. New York: Metropolitan / Owl Book / Henry Holt and Co.
2028:"How Algorithm Awareness Impacts Algospeak Use on TikTok"
1564:
Language
Contact and Lexical Enrichment in Israeli Hebrew
160:
2759:
How Not to Say What You Mean: A Dictionary of
Euphemisms
614:('oh shit'). This is also referred to as a minced oath.
437:
and elsewhere an effort to "dull the moral sensibility".
1110:(a place where one applies facial cosmetics). The form
53:
2273:. Vol. I. New York: Harper Perennial. p. 6.
1185:
and the medical industry at large. There are numerous
1106:(a place where one rests) or even by the extreme form
2026:
Klug, Daniel; Steen, Ella; Yurechko, Kathryn (2023).
901:(French for 'shower') for vaginal irrigation device;
175:
163:
151:
2032:
Companion Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2023
1130:
4711:
4656:
4588:
4530:
4462:
4379:
4296:
4248:
4138:
4049:
3976:
3866:
3800:
3722:
3622:
3432:
3338:
3117:
2957:
1852:"Transcript of interview with CIA director Panetta"
1741:
The Ups and Downs of Affirmative Action Preferences
1443:"How strategic lingo swallowed progressive thought"
1076:, which in turn replaced the even older euphemisms
915:is used as a euphemism for their problematic words
492:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
425:is a euphemism for torture. For example, columnist
339:(literally 'beatings (of the heart)'), rather than
157:
145:
2000:
1919:
1879:
1707:
1561:
624:and popularised outside of Ireland by the British
102:drugstore using common euphemisms for (from top):
2827:A Dictionary of Euphemism & Other Doublespeak
2800:. ISSN: 0363-3659. LCCN: 77649633. OCLC: 3188018.
2740:Class: A Guide Through the American Status System
2472:"Why We Have So Many Terms for 'People of Color'"
1881:"America must atone for the torture it inflicted"
1659:Custred, Glynn & Campbell, Tom (2 May 2001).
1607:Planned Parenthood Advocacy Fund of Massachusetts
1136:, from which it was derived, meant 'to cut off'.
2798:: The International Journal of Verbal Aggression
1084:. In the 20th century, where the old euphemisms
1060:" in 1974, also frequently referred to as the "
869:was sometimes used instead of the English word
803:for 'defecation' and 'urination', respectively)
745:may serve the same purpose: to call a person a
367:was thus used as a euphemism for 'withdrawal'.
963:frequently spawn euphemisms intentionally, as
749:sounds less offensive than to call a person a
3778:
3316:
2935:
2325:"Wannsee Conference and the 'Final Solution'"
1850:Williams, Brian; Panetta, Leon (3 May 2011).
1177:replaced the term "mental retardation" with "
429:called the use of this term for practices at
245:), meaning 'prophetic speech; rumour, talk'.
8:
1775:. Writescope Publishers. 2010. p. 195.
922:
916:
874:
864:
620:is a minced oath for 'fuck', originating in
362:
345:
340:
334:
329:
2778:Euphemania: Our Love Affair with Euphemisms
2688:(in French). Vol. 1. pp. 308–314.
2187:"HANDICAP in French - Cambridge Dictionary"
1556:
1554:
587:Shortening or "clipping" the term, such as
3785:
3771:
3763:
3323:
3309:
3301:
2942:
2928:
2920:
2535:"The Rise and Fall of 'Mentally Retarded'"
2465:
2463:
2444:From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic
1999:Levine, Alexandra S. (19 September 2022).
1743:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 75.
379:, in which case its goal is to change the
2627:
552:Learn how and when to remove this message
446:The use of euphemism online is known as "
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
1461:"THE MORAL CASE AGAINST EQUITY LANGUAGE"
644:('son of a bitch'). Sometimes, the word
1317:
2695:. Vol. I. 1949. pp. 116–122.
2684:. "Euphémismes anciens and modernes".
2209:United States Atomic Energy Commission
1833:from the original on 16 September 2017
1613:from the original on 29 February 2024.
1591:from the original on 27 December 2023.
1118:, is a less deflective form. The word
685:popularized by the satirical magazine
255:itself was used as a euphemism by the
2829:(second ed.). Crown Publishers.
2742:. Touchstone / Simon & Schuster.
2514:from the original on 25 February 2022
2484:from the original on 12 December 2019
2015:from the original on 31 October 2023.
1988:from the original on 1 November 2023.
1963:from the original on 6 February 2024.
1932:from the original on 20 December 2023
1541:"Year in a word: 'Special operation'"
1336:from the original on 4 September 2012
565:Pronunciation (phonetic modification)
501:"euphemism" phonetic deformation
328:used the neutral Hebrew lexical item
7:
2711:. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). 1911.
2545:from the original on 7 December 2020
2504:"STI vs. STD: Overcoming the Stigma"
1643:from the original on 3 February 2014
1507:Ryback, Timothy (15 November 1993).
1242:(often called bowdlerization, after
1011:systematic extermination of the Jews
991:often used the clause "imprisonment
490:adding citations to reliable sources
2427:Dictionnaire de la langue française
1974:Tellez, Anthony (31 January 2023).
1878:Pickering, Thomas (16 April 2013).
1366:from the original on 7 January 2014
691:; it has been used by MPs to avoid
341:
330:
2686:Problèmes de linguistique générale
1894:from the original on 19 April 2013
1862:from the original on 15 April 2022
1757:from the original on 25 April 2016
1423:from the original on 20 March 2015
573:) to form a euphemism is known as
25:
2575:from the original on 8 March 2021
2408:. Faber & Faber. p. 19.
2331:from the original on 10 July 2018
2167:from the original on 13 June 2017
1951:Kreuz, Roger J. (13 April 2023).
1706:Will, George F. (25 April 2014).
1693:from the original on 6 March 2013
1521:from the original on 18 June 2018
985:enhanced interrogation techniques
2905:
2429:, "Lexis", Paris, 1979, p. 1891)
2387:"Opinion | The Game of the Name"
2200:McCool, W.C. (6 February 1957).
1722:from the original on 26 May 2015
1215:Distinction without a difference
843:is a euphemism for 'fucked up';
466:
141:
34:
4429:Party platforms (or manifestos)
2470:Demby, Gene (7 November 2014).
2385:Pinker, Steven (5 April 1994).
1918:Lorenz, Taylor (8 April 2022).
1789:from the original on 3 May 2016
1102:(a place where one washes), or
1088:(a place where one washes) and
993:without right to correspondence
477:needs additional citations for
2600:Paediatrics & Child Health
2406:On Learning the English Tongue
2071:Nix, Naomi (20 October 2023).
1175:Social Security Administration
1005:("special treatment") to mean
583:. Such modifications include:
1:
2910:The dictionary definition of
2253:– via Internet Archive.
2127:"definition of 'berk'/'burk'"
1681:Bayan, Rick (December 2009).
1183:National Institutes of Health
233:), meaning 'good, well', and
4517:Rally 'round the flag effect
2533:Hodges, Rick (1 July 2020).
2404:Bell, Vicars Walker (1953).
1205:Code word (figure of speech)
1098:(a place where one bathes),
824:for 'men's restroom/toilet')
452:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
235:
223:
211:
2761:. Oxford University Press.
2723:. Oxford University Press.
2666:. Oxford University Press.
2446:. Oxford University Press.
1416:Online Etymology Dictionary
1330:Webster's Online Dictionary
977:Central Intelligence Agency
652:is added after it, such as
598:Mispronunciations, such as
375:Euphemism may be used as a
363:
354:
346:
335:
307:Russian invasion of Ukraine
60:the claims made and adding
4838:
2872:Pragmatics & Cognition
1581:"The euphemism imperative"
1579:Lowry, Rich (2 May 2013).
1131:
953:
931:Periphrasis/circumlocution
832:
315:special military operation
309:, where Russian President
241:
229:
217:
3858:Manipulation (psychology)
2818:10.1080/03637750600794296
2690:Originally published in:
2237:McCoy, Alfred W. (2006).
1250:Framing (social sciences)
640:as replacements, such as
324:, Israeli Prime Minister
4807:Linguistic controversies
4036:Criticism of advertising
3480:Content-control software
2806:Communication Monographs
2780:. Little, Brown and Co.
2157:"Definition of enceinte"
1666:Investors Business Daily
1480:Dictionary of Euphemisms
1126:Proto-Indo-European root
1020:Endlösung der Judenfrage
734:for 'fired/sacked', etc.
715:initiatives, including:
693:unparliamentary language
677:for consuming alcohol. "
290:Dictionary of Euphemisms
4698:Promotional merchandise
4409:Character assassination
4346:Narcotizing dysfunction
4220:Photograph manipulation
3933:Guerrilla communication
3735:Chinese issues overseas
2708:Encyclopædia Britannica
2295:"Holocaust-history.org"
2265:Solzhenitsyn, Alexander
2040:10.1145/3543873.3587355
1484:Oxford University Press
1411:"'Euphemism' Etymology"
1179:intellectual disability
1163:three-letter initialism
971:" for contamination by
665:Euphemisms formed from
415:positive discrimination
286:Oxford University Press
4681:Product demonstrations
4110:Historical negationism
3709:Suppression of dissent
2757:Holder, R. W. (2003).
2738:Fussell, Paul (1983).
1813:Enhanced interrogation
1478:Holder, R. W. (2008).
1220:Dog whistle (politics)
1045:
923:
917:
875:
865:
422:Enhanced interrogation
411:reverse discrimination
132:
4812:Propaganda techniques
4613:Reputation management
4532:Psychological warfare
4381:Political campaigning
4190:Firehose of falsehood
3475:Conspiracy of silence
3465:Collateral censorship
3402:Speech and expression
2866:Heidepeter, Philipp;
2825:Rawson, Hugh (1995).
2776:Keyes, Ralph (2010).
2299:Holocaust-History.org
2270:The Gulag Archipelago
1390:www.perseus.tufts.edu
1270:Political correctness
1260:Persuasive definition
1114:, often shortened to
1038:
979:refers to systematic
97:
4648:Corporate propaganda
3752:Muhammad controversy
3689:Naturalistic fallacy
3597:computer and network
2884:10.1075/pc.20027.hei
2218:on 25 September 2007
2034:. pp. 234–237.
1683:"Affirmative Action"
1200:Call a spade a spade
975:. The United States
973:radioactive isotopes
851:are euphemisms for '
763:, which rhymes with
720:meat packing company
486:improve this article
357:Wye River Memorandum
189:topics some consider
4736:Media concentration
4608:Non-apology apology
4598:Cult of personality
4326:Emotive conjugation
4080:Burying of scholars
3747:Internet censorship
3275:Rhetorical question
2845:Smyth, Herbert Weir
2612:10.1093/pch/17.2.71
2077:The Washington Post
1926:The Washington Post
1887:The Washington Post
1715:The Washington Post
1603:"Just say abortion"
1547:. 29 December 2022.
1447:Washington Examiner
1275:Political euphemism
1235:Emotive conjugation
1062:euphemism treadmill
789:jerkin' the gherkin
679:Tired and emotional
397:Reproductive health
377:rhetorical strategy
4719:Influence-for-hire
4512:National mythology
4482:Crowd manipulation
4371:Tabloid journalism
4240:Video manipulation
4185:Fictitious entries
3908:Civil disobedience
3794:Media manipulation
3684:Moralistic fallacy
3422:banned video games
2391:The New York Times
2131:Collins Dictionary
2106:. 23 October 2023.
1624:Affirmative action
1509:"Evidence of Evil"
1210:Dead Parrot sketch
1046:
853:sexual intercourse
595:('what the hell').
406:Affirmative action
383:of a description.
326:Benjamin Netanyahu
322:Ghil'ad Zuckermann
133:
45:possibly contains
4802:Figures of speech
4774:
4773:
4540:Airborne leaflets
4419:Election promises
4273:Product placement
4148:Alternative facts
3888:Alternative media
3760:
3759:
3742:Freedom of speech
3587:Strategic lawsuit
3537:National intranet
3485:Damnatio memoriae
3298:
3297:
3069:Hysteron proteron
2951:Figures of speech
2702:"Euphemism"
2682:Benveniste, Émile
2571:. 1 August 2013.
2508:PowerToDecide.org
1639:. 10 March 2013.
1290:Spin (propaganda)
1007:summary execution
997:Reinhard Heydrich
785:choke the chicken
738:Some examples of
575:taboo deformation
562:
561:
554:
536:
458:Formation methods
413:, or, in the UK,
387:Controversial use
90:
89:
82:
47:original research
16:(Redirected from
4829:
4766:Media proprietor
4590:Public relations
4570:Public diplomacy
4555:Information (IT)
4434:Name recognition
4059:Media regulation
4041:Annoyance factor
3898:Call-out culture
3813:Crowd psychology
3787:
3780:
3773:
3764:
3699:Propaganda model
3339:Media regulation
3325:
3318:
3311:
3302:
2944:
2937:
2930:
2921:
2909:
2895:
2862:
2840:
2821:
2791:
2772:
2753:
2734:
2712:
2704:
2696:
2689:
2677:
2642:
2641:
2631:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2569:Federal Register
2561:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2530:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2467:
2458:
2457:
2436:
2430:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2401:
2395:
2394:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2358:(3/4): 197–207.
2347:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2301:. Archived from
2291:
2285:
2284:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2234:
2228:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2217:
2211:. Archived from
2206:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2133:. Archived from
2123:
2117:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2004:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1957:The Conversation
1948:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1923:
1915:
1909:
1906:
1901:
1899:
1883:
1874:
1869:
1867:
1846:
1840:
1838:
1810:
1804:
1801:
1796:
1794:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1711:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1687:The New Moderate
1677:
1675:
1673:
1655:
1650:
1648:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1609:. 14 June 2021.
1599:
1593:
1592:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1558:
1549:
1548:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1493:978-0-19-9235179
1475:
1469:
1468:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1356:"euphemism (n.)"
1352:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1322:
1155:Venereal disease
1134:
1133:
1064:", as coined by
1025:Nuremberg Trials
1015:Heinrich Himmler
1002:Sonderbehandlung
926:
920:
897:, adds glamour;
878:
868:
810:for 'buttocks',
709:public relations
557:
550:
546:
543:
537:
535:
494:
470:
462:
366:
360:
349:
344:
343:
338:
333:
332:
244:
243:
238:
232:
231:
226:
220:
219:
214:
178:
173:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
156:
153:
150:
147:
85:
78:
74:
71:
65:
62:inline citations
38:
37:
30:
21:
4837:
4836:
4832:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4826:
4817:Self-censorship
4777:
4776:
4775:
4770:
4761:Media influence
4756:Media franchise
4741:Media democracy
4707:
4652:
4584:
4526:
4507:Loaded language
4458:
4375:
4292:
4244:
4134:
4063:
4045:
3972:
3913:Culture jamming
3862:
3796:
3791:
3761:
3756:
3718:
3618:
3577:Self-censorship
3552:Prior restraint
3542:Newspaper theft
3527:Internet police
3460:Chilling effect
3450:Broadcast delay
3428:
3334:
3329:
3299:
3294:
3248:Personification
3113:
2953:
2948:
2902:
2868:Reutner, Ursula
2865:
2859:
2843:
2837:
2824:
2803:
2788:
2775:
2769:
2756:
2750:
2737:
2731:
2715:
2699:
2691:
2680:
2674:
2654:
2651:
2649:Further reading
2646:
2645:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2578:
2576:
2563:
2562:
2558:
2548:
2546:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2517:
2515:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2487:
2485:
2469:
2468:
2461:
2454:
2438:
2437:
2433:
2420:
2416:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2364:10.2307/3087798
2352:American Speech
2349:
2348:
2344:
2334:
2332:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2308:
2306:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2281:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2251:
2236:
2235:
2231:
2221:
2219:
2215:
2204:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2170:
2168:
2161:Merriam-Webster
2155:
2154:
2150:
2140:
2138:
2137:on 27 July 2014
2125:
2124:
2120:
2115:
2111:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2081:
2079:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2050:
2025:
2024:
2020:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1935:
1933:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1897:
1895:
1877:
1865:
1863:
1849:
1836:
1834:
1818:
1811:
1807:
1792:
1790:
1783:
1769:
1760:
1758:
1751:
1734:
1725:
1723:
1705:
1696:
1694:
1680:
1671:
1669:
1658:
1646:
1644:
1629:
1622:
1618:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1560:
1559:
1552:
1545:Financial Times
1539:
1538:
1534:
1524:
1522:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1494:
1486:. p. 242.
1477:
1476:
1472:
1467:. 2 March 2023.
1459:
1458:
1454:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1426:
1424:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1394:
1392:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1369:
1367:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1339:
1337:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1225:Double entendre
1195:
1149:people of color
1074:house-of-office
1058:euphemism cycle
1050:semantic change
1033:
958:
952:
933:
861:
837:
831:
814:for 'cannabis')
773:
730:for 'bastard';
701:
683:recurring jokes
667:understatements
663:
622:Hiberno-English
602:('oh my God'),
567:
558:
547:
541:
538:
495:
493:
483:
471:
460:
444:
389:
373:
298:
270:
265:
205:comes from the
200:
176:
144:
140:
131:
86:
75:
69:
66:
51:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Euphemistically
15:
12:
11:
5:
4835:
4833:
4825:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4779:
4778:
4772:
4771:
4769:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4732:
4731:
4721:
4715:
4713:
4709:
4708:
4706:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4694:
4693:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4662:
4660:
4654:
4653:
4651:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4638:Understatement
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4594:
4592:
4586:
4585:
4583:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4536:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4502:Indoctrination
4499:
4494:
4489:
4487:Disinformation
4484:
4479:
4474:
4468:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4451:
4449:Smear campaign
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4385:
4383:
4377:
4376:
4374:
4373:
4368:
4366:Sensationalism
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4306:Agenda-setting
4302:
4300:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4254:
4252:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4180:False document
4177:
4172:
4171:
4170:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4144:
4142:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4085:Catch and kill
4082:
4077:
4072:
4066:
4064:
4062:
4061:
4056:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3982:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3918:Demonstrations
3915:
3910:
3905:
3903:Cancel culture
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3884:
3883:
3872:
3870:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3797:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3767:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3738:
3737:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3665:
3664:
3654:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3632:
3626:
3624:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3616:
3614:Word filtering
3611:
3606:
3605:
3604:
3599:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3522:Heckler's veto
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3436:
3434:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3367:
3366:
3365:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3342:
3340:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3320:
3313:
3305:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3208:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3191:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3123:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2963:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2901:
2900:External links
2898:
2897:
2896:
2878:(1): 138–166.
2863:
2857:
2841:
2835:
2822:
2812:(3): 261–282.
2801:
2792:
2786:
2773:
2767:
2754:
2748:
2735:
2729:
2721:Fair of Speech
2717:Enright, D. J.
2713:
2697:
2678:
2672:
2660:Burridge, Kate
2650:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2586:
2556:
2525:
2495:
2459:
2452:
2431:
2414:
2396:
2377:
2342:
2316:
2305:on 28 May 2013
2286:
2279:
2256:
2249:
2229:
2192:
2178:
2148:
2118:
2109:
2089:
2063:
2048:
2018:
1991:
1966:
1943:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1875:
1847:
1815:as euphemism:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1781:
1767:
1749:
1732:
1703:
1678:
1656:
1626:as euphemism:
1616:
1594:
1571:
1568:. p. 181.
1550:
1532:
1514:The New Yorker
1499:
1492:
1470:
1452:
1449:. 19 May 2023.
1434:
1402:
1377:
1360:Etymonline.com
1347:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1265:Polite fiction
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1244:Thomas Bowdler
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1141:colored people
1032:
1029:
999:used the term
969:sunshine units
954:Main article:
951:
948:
940:circumlocution
932:
929:
882:slaughterhouse
860:
857:
830:
827:
826:
825:
815:
804:
772:
769:
736:
735:
700:
697:
662:
661:Understatement
659:
658:
657:
634:
596:
591:('Jesus') and
566:
563:
560:
559:
474:
472:
465:
459:
456:
443:
440:
439:
438:
435:Guantanamo Bay
418:
402:
388:
385:
372:
369:
311:Vladimir Putin
297:
294:
269:
266:
264:
261:
257:ancient Greeks
199:
196:
130:
129:
124:
118:menstrual pads
115:
109:
107:contraceptives
103:
88:
87:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4834:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
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4790:
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4767:
4764:
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4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4746:Media ecology
4744:
4742:
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4737:
4734:
4730:
4729:United States
4727:
4726:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4716:
4714:
4710:
4704:
4703:Telemarketing
4701:
4699:
4696:
4692:
4689:
4688:
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4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
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4609:
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4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4492:Fearmongering
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4461:
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4400:
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4378:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4331:False balance
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4289:
4288:Word of mouth
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
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4228:
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4218:
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4208:
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4191:
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4178:
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4169:
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4159:
4156:
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4149:
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4145:
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4141:
4137:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
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4118:
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4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4075:Broadcast law
4073:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4048:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
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4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3923:Deplatforming
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3882:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3869:
3865:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3828:False balance
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3788:
3783:
3781:
3776:
3774:
3769:
3768:
3765:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3715:
3714:Systemic bias
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3663:
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3655:
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3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3636:
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3628:
3627:
3625:
3621:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3593:
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3588:
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3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
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3558:
3555:
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3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
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3441:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3431:
3423:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3407:Student media
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3376:
3375:circumvention
3373:
3372:
3371:
3368:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3356:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3326:
3321:
3319:
3314:
3312:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3258:Procatalepsis
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
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3160:
3158:
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3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3054:Homeoteleuton
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3018:
3015:
3014:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
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2983:
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2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
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2962:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2945:
2940:
2938:
2933:
2931:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2916:at Wiktionary
2915:
2914:
2908:
2904:
2903:
2899:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2864:
2860:
2854:
2850:
2849:Greek Grammar
2846:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2828:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2787:9780316056564
2783:
2779:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2760:
2755:
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2745:
2741:
2736:
2732:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2709:
2703:
2698:
2694:
2687:
2683:
2679:
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2669:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2639:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2590:
2587:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2557:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2529:
2526:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2499:
2496:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2473:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2455:
2453:9780199552290
2449:
2445:
2441:
2435:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2418:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2400:
2397:
2392:
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2357:
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2330:
2326:
2320:
2317:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2290:
2287:
2282:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2252:
2250:9780805082487
2246:
2242:
2241:
2233:
2230:
2214:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2193:
2188:
2182:
2179:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2152:
2149:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2113:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2093:
2090:
2078:
2074:
2067:
2064:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2049:9781450394192
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2022:
2019:
2014:
2010:
2009:
2003:
1995:
1992:
1987:
1983:
1982:
1977:
1970:
1967:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1944:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1914:
1911:
1905:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1882:
1876:
1873:
1861:
1857:
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1848:
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1832:
1828:
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1809:
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1788:
1784:
1782:9780957751187
1778:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1756:
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1750:9780275967130
1746:
1742:
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1733:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1710:
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1692:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1654:
1642:
1638:
1637:
1636:The Economist
1632:
1631:"Style Guide"
1628:
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1625:
1620:
1617:
1612:
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1604:
1598:
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1391:
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1218:
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1206:
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1198:
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1190:
1188:
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1156:
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1146:
1142:
1137:
1135:
1127:
1123:
1122:
1117:
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1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1066:Steven Pinker
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1003:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
961:Bureaucracies
957:
949:
947:
945:
941:
937:
930:
928:
925:
919:
914:
910:
906:
905:
900:
896:
895:
890:
889:
884:
883:
877:
872:
867:
859:Foreign words
858:
856:
854:
850:
846:
842:
836:
828:
823:
819:
816:
813:
809:
806:Comparisons (
805:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
781:beat the meat
778:
775:
774:
770:
768:
766:
762:
761:Berkeley Hunt
759:is short for
758:
754:
753:
748:
744:
743:rhyming slang
741:
733:
729:
725:
724:natural issue
721:
718:
717:
716:
714:
710:
706:
698:
696:
694:
690:
689:
684:
680:
676:
673:for dead and
672:
668:
660:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
632:
631:
627:
623:
619:
618:
613:
609:
606:('fucking'),
605:
601:
597:
594:
590:
586:
585:
584:
582:
581:
576:
572:
564:
556:
553:
545:
542:December 2021
534:
531:
527:
524:
520:
517:
513:
510:
506:
503: –
502:
498:
497:Find sources:
491:
487:
481:
480:
475:This article
473:
469:
464:
463:
457:
455:
453:
449:
441:
436:
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386:
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213:
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127:adult diapers
125:
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110:
108:
105:
104:
101:
96:
92:
84:
81:
73:
63:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
32:
31:
19:
4751:Media ethics
4671:Door-to-door
4666:Cold calling
4643:Weasel words
4550:Fifth column
4444:Push polling
4394:Astroturfing
4356:Pseudo-event
4336:Infotainment
4311:Broadcasting
4230:Urban legend
4153:April Fools'
4099:
4026:Testimonials
3996:Infomercials
3823:Dumbing down
3609:Whitewashing
3592:Surveillance
3572:Sanitization
3547:Pixelization
3489:
3445:Book burning
3363:banned films
3351:books banned
3268:Antanaclasis
3193:
3172:Epanorthosis
3089:Polysyndeton
2982:Antimetabole
2967:Alliteration
2912:
2875:
2871:
2848:
2826:
2809:
2805:
2794:
2777:
2758:
2739:
2720:
2706:
2692:
2685:
2663:
2656:Allan, Keith
2606:(2): 71–74.
2603:
2599:
2589:
2577:. Retrieved
2568:
2559:
2547:. Retrieved
2538:
2528:
2516:. Retrieved
2507:
2498:
2486:. Retrieved
2475:
2443:
2434:
2426:
2422:
2417:
2409:
2405:
2399:
2390:
2380:
2355:
2351:
2345:
2333:. Retrieved
2319:
2307:. Retrieved
2303:the original
2298:
2289:
2268:
2259:
2239:
2232:
2220:. Retrieved
2213:the original
2195:
2181:
2169:. Retrieved
2160:
2151:
2139:. Retrieved
2135:the original
2130:
2121:
2112:
2101:
2092:
2080:. Retrieved
2076:
2066:
2031:
2021:
2006:
1994:
1979:
1969:
1956:
1946:
1934:. Retrieved
1925:
1913:
1903:
1896:. Retrieved
1885:
1871:
1864:. Retrieved
1855:
1844:sensibility.
1842:
1835:. Retrieved
1826:PBS Newshour
1824:
1812:
1808:
1798:
1791:. Retrieved
1771:
1759:. Retrieved
1740:
1724:. Retrieved
1713:
1695:. Retrieved
1686:
1670:. Retrieved
1664:
1652:
1645:. Retrieved
1634:
1623:
1619:
1606:
1597:
1584:
1574:
1563:
1544:
1535:
1523:. Retrieved
1512:
1502:
1479:
1473:
1465:The Atlantic
1464:
1455:
1446:
1437:
1425:. Retrieved
1414:
1405:
1393:. Retrieved
1389:
1380:
1368:. Retrieved
1359:
1350:
1338:. Retrieved
1329:
1320:
1285:Sexual slang
1255:Minimisation
1167:
1153:
1138:
1129:
1119:
1115:
1112:water closet
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1061:
1057:
1047:
1039:
1018:
1000:
959:
934:
912:
902:
898:
892:
888:Entrepreneur
886:
880:
870:
862:
848:
844:
840:
838:
821:
811:
807:
800:
796:
793:masturbation
788:
784:
780:
764:
756:
750:
746:
737:
731:
727:
723:
719:
702:
699:Substitution
686:
674:
670:
664:
653:
649:
645:
641:
628:
615:
611:
610:('damn') or
607:
603:
599:
592:
588:
578:
574:
568:
548:
539:
529:
522:
515:
508:
496:
484:Please help
479:verification
476:
445:
427:David Brooks
420:
404:
395:
390:
374:
319:
299:
289:
271:
252:
246:
202:
201:
136:
134:
91:
76:
67:
44:
4797:Connotation
4623:Sound bites
4603:Doublespeak
4454:Wedge issue
4414:Dog whistle
4389:Advertising
4215:Lying press
4200:Gaslighting
3978:Advertising
3953:Occupations
3843:Obfuscation
3833:Half-truths
3674:LGBT issues
3669:Ideological
3657:Hate speech
3582:Speech code
3567:Revisionism
3532:Memory hole
3502:Expurgation
3495:Minced oath
3455:Censor bars
3417:Video games
3157:Catachresis
3142:Antonomasia
3137:Antiphrasis
3079:Parallelism
3029:Epanalepsis
2992:Aposiopesis
2972:Anadiplosis
2693:Die Sprache
2549:13 February
2518:25 February
2488:12 December
1837:14 December
1326:"Euphemism"
1240:Expurgation
1108:powder room
1078:privy-house
989:Great Purge
965:doublespeak
956:Doublespeak
950:Doublespeak
936:Periphrasis
894:businessman
801:take a leak
797:take a dump
713:advertising
688:Private Eye
580:minced oath
70:August 2021
4792:Censorship
4787:Euphemisms
4781:Categories
4724:Media bias
4580:Subversion
4545:False flag
4522:Techniques
4464:Propaganda
4424:Lawn signs
4404:Canvassing
4298:News media
4054:Censorship
3986:Billboards
3938:Hacktivism
3928:Grassroots
3853:Persuasion
3730:Censorship
3723:By country
3679:Media bias
3557:Propaganda
3332:Censorship
3285:Synecdoche
3189:Dysphemism
3162:Ecphonesis
3152:Apostrophe
3094:Spoonerism
3084:Polyptoton
3064:Hyperbaton
3039:Epistrophe
3024:Consonance
2987:Antithesis
2858:0674362500
2836:0517702010
2768:0198607628
2749:0671792253
2730:0192830600
2673:0735102880
2440:Ringe, Don
2280:006092103X
2222:7 November
2207:(Report).
2082:26 October
1936:26 October
1793:27 October
1761:27 October
1525:1 December
1312:References
1305:Word taboo
1295:Statistext
1230:Dysphemism
1054:pejoration
924:invalidité
841:screwed up
833:See also:
822:men's room
728:love child
630:Father Ted
600:oh my gosh
571:swear word
512:newspapers
431:Abu Ghraib
401:procedure.
296:Mitigation
179:-fə-miz-əm
98:Sign in a
54:improve it
4686:Promotion
4565:Political
4472:Bandwagon
4399:Attack ad
4278:Publicity
4250:Marketing
4163:Fake news
4125:Religious
4120:Political
4100:Euphemism
4095:Cover-ups
4090:Corporate
3958:Petitions
3848:Orwellian
3818:Deception
3704:Religious
3635:Corporate
3512:Gag order
3490:Euphemism
3470:Concision
3290:Tautology
3216:Apophasis
3194:Euphemism
3177:Hyperbole
3167:Ekphrasis
3059:Hypallage
3049:Hendiadys
3044:Epizeuxis
3034:Epiphrase
3002:Asyndeton
2997:Assonance
2913:euphemism
2892:0929-0907
2796:Maledicta
2620:1205-7088
2058:258377709
1866:21 August
1370:7 January
1300:Word play
1082:bog-house
1052:known as
1031:Lifespan
918:infirmité
909:handicaps
777:Metaphors
755:, though
705:marketing
593:what the—
448:algospeak
352:West Bank
303:Auschwitz
268:Avoidance
253:euphemism
203:Euphemism
198:Etymology
184:offensive
137:euphemism
58:verifying
4633:Transfer
4575:Sedition
4439:Negative
4351:Newspeak
4341:Managing
4283:Research
4258:Branding
4210:Literary
4175:Fakelore
4168:websites
4158:Deepfake
4115:Internet
4006:Modeling
3963:Protests
3943:Internet
3876:Advocacy
3868:Activism
3694:Politics
3645:Facebook
3630:Criminal
3623:Contexts
3517:Heckling
3440:Bleeping
3370:Internet
3253:Pleonasm
3243:Oxymoron
3238:Metonymy
3233:Metaphor
3206:Innuendo
3182:Adynaton
3147:Aphorism
3132:Allusion
3127:Allegory
3099:Symploce
3074:Isocolon
3007:Chiasmus
2977:Anaphora
2847:(1920).
2719:(1986).
2662:(1991).
2638:23372396
2579:10 March
2573:Archived
2543:Archived
2512:Archived
2482:Archived
2442:(2006).
2329:Archived
2267:(1974).
2165:Archived
2103:Fox News
2013:Archived
1986:Archived
1961:Archived
1930:Archived
1898:22 April
1892:Archived
1860:Archived
1856:NBC News
1831:Archived
1787:Archived
1755:Archived
1720:Archived
1697:10 March
1691:Archived
1672:10 March
1647:10 March
1641:Archived
1611:Archived
1589:Archived
1585:Politico
1519:Archived
1421:Archived
1364:Archived
1340:16 March
1334:Archived
1193:See also
1143:" with "
1104:restroom
1100:washroom
1096:bathroom
1086:lavatory
944:implying
913:handicap
876:abattoir
871:pregnant
866:enceinte
818:Metonymy
771:Metaphor
675:drinking
669:include
638:acronyms
612:oh shoot
371:Rhetoric
212:euphemia
111:vaginal
100:Rite Aid
4712:Related
4691:Spaving
4676:Pricing
4618:Slogans
4560:Lawfare
4497:Framing
4477:Big lie
4268:Product
4263:Loyalty
4195:Forgery
4140:Hoaxing
4021:Slogans
4001:Mobiles
3893:Boycott
3801:Context
3507:Fogging
3433:Methods
3412:Thought
3228:Litotes
3221:Sarcasm
3199:Meiosis
2959:Schemes
2629:3299349
2421:French
2372:3087798
2141:22 July
1427:10 June
981:torture
845:hook-up
740:Cockney
604:frickin
577:, or a
526:scholar
381:valence
263:Purpose
248:Eupheme
218:εὐφημία
122:tampons
113:douches
52:Please
4316:Circus
4225:Racial
3662:Online
3650:Google
3387:Postal
3280:Simile
3119:Tropes
3109:Zeugma
3104:Tmesis
3012:Climax
2890:
2855:
2833:
2784:
2765:
2746:
2727:
2670:
2636:
2626:
2618:
2539:Medium
2450:
2370:
2335:5 June
2309:20 May
2277:
2247:
2171:20 May
2056:
2046:
2008:Forbes
1981:Forbes
1779:
1747:
1726:26 May
1490:
1395:27 May
1171:retard
1132:sḱeyd-
1091:toilet
1070:Toilet
899:douche
732:let go
671:asleep
654:F-word
636:Using
626:sitcom
528:
521:
514:
507:
499:
442:Online
364:Peimót
347:nesigá
336:peimót
331:פעימות
4822:Taboo
4658:Sales
4361:Scrum
4321:Cycle
4235:Virus
4105:Films
4070:Books
4011:Radio
3991:False
3968:Youth
3948:Media
3881:group
3838:Media
3640:Apple
3562:Purge
3397:Radio
3392:Press
3382:Music
3358:Films
3346:Books
3211:Irony
2423:toile
2368:JSTOR
2216:(PDF)
2205:(PDF)
2054:S2CID
1159:Venus
1145:Negro
1041:Negro
938:, or
904:bidet
835:Slang
829:Slang
791:for '
787:, or
711:, or
533:JSTOR
519:books
355:(see
342:נסיגה
274:death
236:phḗmē
209:word
207:Greek
192:taboo
4628:Spin
4205:List
4130:Self
3808:Bias
3602:mass
3017:Anti
2888:ISSN
2853:ISBN
2831:ISBN
2782:ISBN
2763:ISBN
2744:ISBN
2725:ISBN
2668:ISBN
2634:PMID
2616:ISSN
2581:2021
2551:2021
2520:2022
2490:2019
2448:ISBN
2337:2015
2311:2017
2275:ISBN
2245:ISBN
2224:2007
2173:2017
2143:2014
2084:2023
2044:ISBN
1938:2023
1900:2013
1868:2011
1839:2014
1795:2015
1777:ISBN
1763:2015
1745:ISBN
1728:2015
1699:2013
1674:2013
1649:2013
1527:2015
1488:ISBN
1429:2015
1397:2023
1372:2014
1342:2014
1280:Puns
1121:shit
1116:W.C.
1080:and
983:as "
891:for
879:for
849:laid
847:and
812:weed
808:buns
799:and
765:cunt
757:berk
752:cunt
747:berk
650:bomb
646:word
617:Feck
608:darn
589:Jeez
505:news
282:deny
242:φήμη
120:and
4016:Sex
3263:Pun
2880:doi
2814:doi
2624:PMC
2608:doi
2477:NPR
2360:doi
2036:doi
1151:".
921:or
855:'.
795:';
726:or
648:or
642:SOB
488:by
317:".
301:at
288:'s
278:sex
177:YOO
149:juː
56:by
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4031:TV
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