5341:, and comprise gradually stringent tiers known as Stage I–V standards. The Stage I/II was part of the 1997 directive (Directive 97/68/EC). It was implemented in two stages, with Stage I implemented in 1999 and Stage II implemented between 2001 and 2004. In 2004, the European Parliament adopted Stage III/IV standards. The Stage III standards were further divided into Stage III A and III B, and were phased in between 2006 and 2013. Stage IV standards are enforced from 2014. Stage V standards are phased in from 2018 with full enforcement from 2021.
5427:
5518:
5766:
5913:
5359:
268:
1534:
introduction of the Euro III emissions standard in 2006 that motorcycles were de facto required to use three-way catalytic converters. With the introduction of Euro V, standard two-stroke engine motorcycles are challenged by the strict HC and PM emissions limits. It is expected that technologies such as direct injection, combined with petrol particulate filters, could be needed for these motorcycle engine types to meet the Euro V demands.
45:
33:
236:. Non-compliant vehicles cannot be sold in the EU, but new standards do not apply to vehicles already on the roads. No use of specific technologies is mandated to meet the standards, though available technology is considered when setting the standards. New models introduced must meet current or planned standards, but minor lifecycle model revisions may continue to be offered with pre-compliant engines.
4979:
4366:
101:
8701:[Law 1972 of 2019 – through which the protection of the rights to health and a healthy environment is established establishing measures to reduce polluting emissions from mobile sources and other provisions are issued] (in Spanish). Colombia: Ministry of Environment, Housing and Territorial Development. 18 July 2019
5807:
To account for different sizes of passenger cars, the specific emissions target for each passenger car is calculated by adjusting the general emissions target by a value proportional to the deviation of the car's mass from the average. This means that the emissions targets for heavier cars are higher
5794:
emission performance standards for new passenger cars and new light commercial vehicles for 2025 and 2030. The new
Regulation went into force on 1 January 2020, and has replaced and repealed Regulation (EC) 443/2009 and (EU) No 510/2011. The 2019 Regulation set new emission targets relative to a 2021
5943:
Many EU member states have responded to this problem by exploring the possibility of including electric vehicle-related infrastructure into their existing road traffic system, with some even having begun implementation. The UK has begun its "plugged-in-places" scheme which sees funding go to several
5513:
as "the worst culprits", and that approximately 90% of diesel cars "breach emissions regulations". Overlooking the direct responsibility of the companies involved, the authors blamed the violations on a number of factors, including "unrealistic test conditions, a lack of transparency and a number of
5434:
For the emission standards to deliver actual emission reductions, it is crucial to use a test cycle that reflects real-world driving conditions. It was discovered that vehicle manufacturers would optimise emissions performance only for the test cycle, whilst emissions from typical driving conditions
1533:
The Euro emissions regulations for two and three wheelers (motorcycles) were first introduced in 1999 — some seven years after the cars were first regulated. In further difference to passenger cars (where three-way catalytic converters were de facto required from Euro I), it was first with the
5603:
Since 2012, ADAC performs regular pollutant emission tests on a specific cycle in the laboratory duly representing a real driving environment and gives a global notation independent from the type of engine used (petrol, diesel, natural gas, LPG, hybrid, etc.). To get the maximum 50/50 note on this
427:
From a technical perspective, European emissions standards do not reflect everyday usage of the vehicle as manufacturers are allowed to lighten the vehicle by removing the back seats, improve aerodynamics by taping over grilles and door handles, or reduce the load on the generator by switching off
5621:
PN. Unlike ambient discourse dirty diesel versus clean petrol cars, the results are much more nuanced and subtle. Some Euro 6 diesel cars perform as well as the best hybrid petrol cars; some other recent Euro 6 petrol indirect injection cars perform as the worst Euro 5 diesel cars; finally some
5714:
In the United
Kingdom, the initial approach was deemed ineffective. The way the information was presented was too complicated for consumers to understand. As a result, car manufacturers in the United Kingdom voluntarily agreed to put a more "consumer-friendly", colour-coded label displaying
5344:
As of 1 January 2015, EU Member States have to ensure that ships in the Baltic, the North Sea and the
English Channel are using fuels with a sulphur content of no more than 0.10%. Higher sulphur contents are still possible, but only if the appropriate exhaust cleaning systems are in place.
5567:
while WLTC-RDE will be performed in the middle of the traffic with a PEMS attached at the rear of the car. RDE testing is then far more difficult than the dynomometer tests. RDE not to exceed limits have then been updated to take into account different test conditions such as PEMS weight
4430:; this is unlike the emission standards for passenger cars and light commercial vehicles, which are defined by vehicle driving distance in g/km — a general comparison to passenger cars is therefore not possible, as the kWh/km factor depends, among others, on the specific vehicle.
5539:, conformity factor for particles number P being left for further study. Environment organisations criticized the decision as insufficient, while ACEA mentions it will be extremely difficult for automobile manufacturers to reach such a limit in such short period of time. In 2015, an
6898:"Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2007 on type approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information"
5881:
Two or more car manufacturers may form a pool which allows them to meet fleet targets as a group instead of having to meet them individually. The first pool was agreed among Tesla and Fiat
Chrysler in 2019, reportedly costing Fiat Chrysler hundreds of millions of Euros.
305:
The legal framework consists in a series of directives, each amendments to the 1970 Directive 70/220/EEC. The following is a summary list of the standards, when they come into force, what they apply to, and which EU directives provide the definition of the standard.
5894:
emissions between 0 and 50 g/km. The regulation set ZLEV sales targets of 15% for 2025 and 35% for 2030, and manufacturers have some flexibility in how they achieve those targets. Carmakers that outperform the ZLEV sales targets will be rewarded with higher
8990:
6920:"Commission Regulation (EU) No 459/2012 of 29 May 2012 amending Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 as regards emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 6)"
8699:"Ley 1972 de 2019 – por medio de la cual se establece la protección de los derechos a la salud y al medio ambiente sano estableciendo medidas tendientes a la reducción de emisiones contaminantes de fuentes móviles y se dictan otras disposiciones"
7518:
7047:"Commission Directive 2001/116/EC of 20 December 2001 adapting to technical progress Council Directive 70/156/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers"
5417:
The two groups of emissions standards for heavy duty vehicles each have different appropriate test requirements. Steady-state testing is used for diesel engines only, while transient testing applies to both diesel and petrol engines.
6829:"91/441/EEC Council Directive 91/441/EEC of 26 June 1991 amending Directive 70/220/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to measures to be taken against air pollution by emissions from motor vehicles"
5658:) said in mid-2022: "Every month that the implementation of Euro 7 is delayed due to the late publication of the proposal, 1 million more polluting cars will be placed on the EU's road and stay there for decades to come."
5441:
where the engine control system would recognise that the vehicle was being tested, and would automatically switch to a mode optimised for emissions performance. The use of a defeat device is expressly forbidden in EU law.
423:
engines are subject to a limit of 0.0045 g/km for Euro 5 and Euro 6. A particulate number standard (P) or (PN) has been introduced in 2011 with Euro 5b for diesel engines and, in 2014, with Euro 6 for petrol engines.
4436:
The following table contains a summary of the emission standards and their implementation dates. Dates in the tables refer to new type approvals; the dates for all new registrations are in most cases one year later.
6876:"Directive 98/69/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 1998 relating to measures to be taken against air pollution by emissions from motor vehicles and amending Council Directive 70/220/EEC"
250:
Australian Design Rule certification for new motor vehicle emissions with Euro categories. Euro III was introduced on 1 January 2006 and is progressively being introduced to align with
European introduction dates.
4923:
In Euro VII, “PN” includes smaller particles sizes. The cut off value is lowered from PN23 to PN10. This means that PN in EURO VII includes particulates down to 10 nm as opposed to only down to 23 nm in Euro VI.
6854:"Directive 2002/51/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 July 2002 on the reduction of the level of pollutant emissions from two- and three-wheel motor vehicles and amending Directive 97/24/EC"
8946:
9290:
5890:
The 2019 Regulation also introduced an incentive mechanism or credit system from 2025 onwards for zero- and low-emission vehicles (ZLEVs). A ZLEV is defined as a passenger car or a commercial van with CO
5529:
in addition to laboratory tests. The actual limits will use 110% (CF=2.1) "conformity factor" (the difference between the laboratory test and real-world conditions) in 2017, and 50% (CF=1.5) in 2021 for
9254:
386:
of 20 December 2001, adapting to technical progress
Council Directive 70/156/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers
6258:
Since 1 January 2024, Euro 3 diesel cars are banned in Grand Lyon (with exceptions) and parts of
Strasbourg. With exceptions and free public transport, in parts of: Montpellier Méditerranée Métropole.
8967:
6292:
From 1 January 2025, Euro 3 (petrol or diesel) cars and Euro 4 diesel cars will be banned in parts of
Montpellier Méditerranée Métropole (with exceptions and free public transport) and Grand Paris.
8859:
7069:
9304:
7509:
389:
Directive 2002/24/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 18 March 2002 relating to the type-approval of two or three-wheeled motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 92/61/EEC
5783:
was set in 2011, with an emissions target of 175 g/km for 2017. Both targets were met several years in advance. A second set of regulations, passed in 2014, set a 2021 target of average CO
5754:
for new cars, after a voluntary commitment made in 1998 and 1999 by the auto industry had failed to reduce emissions by 2007. The regulation applies to new passenger cars registered in the
8213:
1467:). Only regulated for M1, N1 vehicles and only as PM - not PN. After 2035 the limit drops to 0.003. HDV will still not be subject to brake particle emissions regulation even after 2035.
7589:
8596:
5762:
member states for the first time. A carmaker who fails to comply has to pay an "excess emissions premium" for each vehicle registered according with the amount of g/km of exceeded.
9350:
7002:
6685:
7741:
6498:
6246:
Since 1 June 2023, Euro 3 (petrol or diesel) cars and Euro 5 diesel cars are banned (with exceptions, retrofit funding, and replacement-neutral scrappage) in parts of: Glasgow.
9272:
5492:
firmware to detect test conditions, and change emissions controls when under test. The cars thus passed the test, but in real world conditions, emitted up to forty times more
9196:
9013:
7025:"Council Directive 70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers"
6438:
6271:
Since 1 June 2024, Euro 3 (petrol or diesel) cars and Euro 5 diesel cars are banned (with exceptions, retrofit funding, and replacement-neutral scrappage) in parts of:
6264:
Since 30 May 2024, Euro 3 (petrol or diesel) cars and Euro 5 diesel cars are banned (with exceptions, retrofit funding, and replacement-neutral scrappage) in parts of:
5799:
emissions from new cars by 15% in 2025, and by 37.5% in 2030. For light-commercial vehicles the new targets are a 15% reduction for 2025 and a 31% reduction for 2030.
6942:"Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/646 of 20 April 2016 amending Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 as regards emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 6)"
8337:
9365:
8757:"Decreto supremo que modifica el Decreto supremo n° 010-2017-MINAM, que establece lĂmites máximos permisibles de emisiones atmosfĂ©ricas para vehĂculos automotores"
7939:"Directive 1999/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 1999 relating to the availability of consumer information on fuel economy and CO
5711:
emissions of new passenger cars offered for sale or lease in the
Community is made available to consumers in order to enable consumers to make an informed choice.
6807:"European Commission > Enterprise and Industry > Sectors > Automotive > Reference documents > Directives and regulations > Directive 70/220/EEC"
5326:(NRMM) is a term used in the European emission standards to control emissions of engines that are not used primarily on public roadways. This definition includes
232:, but excluding seagoing ships and aeroplanes. For each vehicle type, different standards apply. Compliance is determined by running the engine at a standardised
9214:
8412:
8362:
8050:
7438:
5544:
8720:
7003:"EUROPA > Summaries of EU legislation > Internal market > Single Market for Goods > Motor vehicles > Technical harmonisation for motor vehicles"
5697:
Directive 1999/94/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 13 December 1999 relating to the availability of consumer information on fuel economy and CO
5463:
emissions were on average about seven times higher than the Euro 6 limit. However, some of the vehicles did show reduced emissions, suggesting that real world
8632:
7475:
7151:
5000:
4387:
118:
9037:
5604:
cycle, the car shall emit less than the minimum limit applicable to either petrol or diesel car, that is to say 100 mg HC, 500 mg CO, 60 mg
7660:
6180:
8164:
7076:
8991:"ZFE à Montpellier : les motos autorisées sans vignette Crit'Air, les véhicules circulant moins de 52 jours par an n'ont plus aucune interdiction"
8778:
5472:
emission control is possible. In one particular instance, research in diesel car emissions by two German technology institutes found that zero "real"
4946:
8578:
8259:
8430:
6493:
8654:
8500:
7221:
8925:
8672:
7645:
5975:
Since 1 September 2017, all new petrol vehicles in Singapore must comply with Euro 6 with new diesel vehicles following suit from 1 January 2018.
9131:
8518:
6443:
4937:). Only regulated for M1, N1 vehicles and only as PM - not PN. After 2035 HDV will still not be subject to brake particle emissions regulation.
4885:
In EURO VI, HC has been replaced by the measurement of “THC” – Total HydroCarbons. HC and THC are not necessarily completely comparable values.
8883:
6963:
9375:
7916:
7597:
6473:
5526:
467:
5727:
g/km). The goal of the new "green label" is to give consumers clear information about the environmental performance of different vehicles.
9174:
7619:
6252:
Since 1 October 2023, Euro 5 diesel cars are banned (with exceptions) in parts of: Aalborg, Aarhus, Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, and Odense.
165:
5501:
emissions than allowed by law. An independent report in September 2015 warned that this extended to "every major car manufacturer", with
8738:
8457:
7865:
7707:
6428:
137:
7690:
5596:
22 additional cars fall below the 110% conformity factor. In total: 57% of cars have then a good chance to be compatible with WLTC-RDE.
9112:
8968:"DĂ©rogations, amendes : avec la ZFE, qu'est-ce qui change pour les voitures Crit'Air 4 Ă Montpellier et dans la MĂ©tropole ?"
7745:
5779:
The 2009 regulation set a 2015 target of 130 g/km for the fleet average for new passenger cars. A similar set of regulations for
419:
emissions. Petrol-powered vehicles are exempted from particulate matter (PM) standards through to the Euro 4 stage, but vehicles with
8838:
7386:
6806:
9320:
8312:
6468:
6164:
5808:
than those for lighter cars. In Regulations (EC) 443/2009 and (EU) 2019/631 this relationship between the specific emissions target
5551:
cars (with about half the market) had the highest emissions. At the end of this study, ICCT was expecting a 100% conformity factor.
5026:
4413:
410:
introduce different emission limits for diesel and petrol vehicles. Diesels have more stringent CO standards but are allowed higher
184:
8232:
144:
5409:" procedure that eliminates the use of a 40-second engine warm-up period found in the ECE+EUDC test cycle (also known as MVEG-A).
7724:
6255:
Since 1 January 2024, Euro 2 cars and Euro 3 diesel cars are banned (with exceptions) in parts of: TorrejĂłn de Ardoz and Zaragoza
5389:
Just as important as the regulations are the tests needed to ensure adherence to regulations. These are laid out in standardised
5338:
7767:
6544:
7891:
5997:
5655:
8947:"Zones à faibles émissions : interdiction des véhicules Crit'Air 3, 4 ou 5 ? Ville par ville, ce qui change en 2024"
8614:
8054:
6714:
6571:
6408:
5004:
4391:
221:
151:
122:
8792:
7791:
302:
The stages are typically referred to as Euro 1, Euro 2, Euro 3, Euro 4, Euro 5 and Euro 6 for Light Duty Vehicle standards.
8387:
7964:
7364:
6984:
6034:
Since 1 July 2023, all new vehicles in China must comply with China 6b (more strict than provisional so-called "Euro 7").
7989:
5651:
5580:
emission tests with a cycle representative of the real driving environment in the laboratory. Among the 69 cars tested:
5485:
133:
8214:"Euro 5: la norma de emisiones para vehĂculos que empieza este año y que posiciona a Chile como lĂder en LatinoamĂ©rica"
7276:
7129:
6781:
9370:
9326:
7843:
5704:
9064:
8759:[Maximum permissible limits of atmospheric emissions for motor vehicles] (in Spanish). Peru. 2021. 2021-MINAM
7449:
4989:
4957:
for engines of less than 0.75 litres swept volume per cylinder and a rated power speed of more than 3,000 per minute.
4376:
87:
from tyres and brakes. Until 2030 fossil fuelled vehicles are allowed to have dirtier brakes than electric vehicles.
6249:
Since September 2023, Euro 3 diesel cars are banned in parts of Aix-Marseille-Provence Metropolis (with exceptions).
5899:
emission targets, but the target relaxation is capped at a maximum 5% to safeguard the integrity of the regulation.
280:
243:
for the purposes of increasing safety for drivers. These standards are used in relation to the emissions standards.
8560:
8482:
7177:
5787:
emissions of new cars to fall to 95 g/km by 2021, and for light-commercial vehicles to 147 g/km by 2020.
5744:
5525:
In 2017, the European Union introduced testing in real-world conditions called Real Driving Emissions (RDE), using
5402:
5045:
61:
7229:
The Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics Department of Mechanical Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
6656:
6302:
From 1 January 2028, Euro 4 (petrol or diesel) cars and Euro 6 diesel cars will be banned in parts of: Grand Lyon.
6261:
Since 1 January 2024, Euro 6 non-gas or non-electrified cars are banned (with exceptions) in the center of: Madrid
5008:
4993:
4395:
4380:
111:
9091:
6463:
6418:
5454:
emissions during real world driving from fifteen Euro 6 compliant diesel passenger cars. The results showed that
5322:
8313:"THE AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR IN TURKEY A BASELINE ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE FLEET STRUCTURE, FUEL CONSUMPTION AND EMISSIONS"
7938:
7277:"COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 582/2011 (Euro VI), date is for type approvals, ANNEX I, Euro VI Emission Limits"
7046:
6897:
6875:
6853:
6828:
6596:
8194:
8168:
7668:
5780:
5671:
5426:
3475:
2596:
1717:
1447:
403:
213:
73:
9152:
8195:"IndĂşstria pronta para Euro 5 em 2012 – Diário do Grande ABC – NotĂcias e informações do Grande ABC: economia"
8172:
8756:
8579:"Euro 5 emission standards to be rolled out for new cars in Vietnam early 2022 | Vietnam+ (VietnamPlus)"
6699:
9331:
8298:
7567:"European Commission welcomes Member States' agreement on robust testing of air pollution emissions by cars"
6633:
6488:
6458:
6433:
6343:
6324:
5406:
7251:
6612:"Parliamentary question | Euro 7 – non-exhaust particulate emissions | E-002194/2021 | European Parliament"
8138:
5759:
5393:
used to measure emissions performance against the regulatory thresholds applicable to the tested vehicle.
69:
9291:"La zona de bajas emisiones abarcará todo el perĂmetro de Granada capital limitado por la circunvalaciĂłn"
9235:
8081:
7412:
7024:
5481:
reductions in public health risk had been achieved despite 13 years of stricter standards (2006 report).
158:
6611:
6478:
6448:
6028:
Since 1 January 2023, all new heavy vehicles in Brazil must comply with Proconve P8 (similar to Euro 6).
6019:
Since 1 January 2022, all new light vehicles in Brazil must comply with Proconve L7 (similar to Euro 6).
5963:
Since 1 January 2015, all new light vehicles in Brazil must comply with Proconve L6 (similar to Euro 5).
5599:
30 cars fall above the 110% conformity factor and have then to be improved to satisfy the WLTC-RDE test.
420:
84:
80:
8906:
8779:"ANAC aclara que norma de emisiones Euro 6c comenzará a regir desde el 30 de septiembre de 2025 – Anac"
8106:
5765:
72:
member states and the United Kingdom, and ships in EU waters. The standards are defined in a series of
9336:
6756:
5517:
8860:"Migliorare la qualitĂ dell'aria: le misure strutturali e temporanee per la circolazione dei veicoli"
8739:"Norme antipollution. Le Maroc passe officiellement au carburant Euro 6 dès 2022 | Challenge.ma"
8698:
7178:"Euro 5 motorcycles, Euro 5 emissions legislation could mean the disappearance of two-stroke engines"
6634:"Parliamentary question | Answer for question E-002194/21 | E-002194/2021(ASW) | European Parliament"
6130:
5568:(305–533 kg in various ICCT testing), driving in the middle of the traffic, road gradient, etc.
5430:
Comparison between emission standards for nitrogen oxides (NOx) of diesel cars and measured emissions
4433:
The official category name is heavy-duty diesel engines, which generally includes lorries and buses.
247:
240:
9175:"La guĂa que necesitas para conducir en Madrid 2024, segĂşn la pegatina de la DGT que tenga tu coche"
6731:
6519:
8793:"Strict new-car emissions standards coming to Australia from 2025, utes and 4WDs among hardest hit"
8115:
8023:
6289:
From 1 January 2025, Euro 2 cars and Euro 3 diesel cars will be banned in Madrid (with exceptions).
5489:
5488:
involved revelations that Volkswagen AG had deliberately falsified emission reports by programming
5390:
4455:
3479:
233:
9197:"La OCU vuelve a pedir un cambio en las etiquetas de la DGT, pero solo ven una parte del problema"
8884:"En un mes los coches sin etiqueta no podrán circular por Madrid. Estas son todas las excepciones"
7659:
Yang, Liuhanzi; Franco, Vicente; Campestrini, Alex; German, John; Mock, Peter (3 September 2015).
6049:
From 30 September 2025, all new light and medium vehicle models in Chile must comply with Euro 6c.
5646:
After the postponement in publishing the Euro 7 proposal details by the European Commission, some
4910:
A limited 2023 study has shown that certain EURO VI, Step D buses are able to meet the EURO VII NH
8561:"Cambodia In The Driver's Seat Toward Euro VI Standards | Climate & Clean Air Coalition"
8014:
6413:
5629:
from the beginning of 2017 found that 47 out of 61 diesel car models exceed the Euro 6 limit for
6022:
Since September 2022, all new light and medium vehicle models in Chile must comply with Euro 6b.
8635:[Diesel Cars in Indonesia Must Euro 4 Starting April 12, 2022]. Indonesia. 8 April 2022
8299:"Left in the dust: Brazil might be the last major automotive market to adopt Euro VI standards"
5435:
proved to be much higher than when tested. Some manufacturers were also found to use so-called
4426:
The emission standards for trucks (lorries) and buses are defined by engine energy output in g/
8413:"DPF: la sigla que se convirtiĂł en un dolor de cabeza para automotrices y usuarios argentinos"
7829:
6453:
6243:
Since 1 September 2022, Euro 3 diesel cars are banned in Rouen and Toulouse (with exceptions).
6010:
Since 1 January 2021, all new vehicles in China must comply with China 6a (similar to Euro 6).
8338:"Singapore Will Adopt the Euro VI Emission Standards for Petrol Vehicles from September 2017"
8231:
Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (29 November 2011).
7448:. No. 146. European Federation for Transport and Environment. March 2006. Archived from
5978:
Since 1 January 2018, all new vehicles in China must comply with China 5 (similar to Euro 5).
6700:"Euro 7: The new emission standard for light- and heavy-duty vehicles in the European Union"
5981:
Since 1 January 2018, all new light and heavy vehicles in Argentina must comply with Euro 5.
5751:
383:
375:
8597:"Nova lei de emissões vai tirar de linha 6 carros e 4 motores até o fim do ano; veja lista"
7132:. The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. 20 June 2007. pp. 5–9
6686:"Euro 7: Council adopts new rules on emission limits for cars, vans and trucks - Consilium"
5730:
Other EU member countries are also in the process of introducing consumer-friendly labels.
7320:
7298:
7203:
5331:
515:
457:
239:
Along with Emissions standards, the European Union has also mandated a number of computer
217:
8363:"Singapore Will Usher In Euro VI Emission Standard For Diesel Vehicles From January 2018"
7566:
6046:
From 1 January 2025, all new heavy vehicles in Mexico must comply with EPA 10 and Euro 6.
6043:
From 1 October 2024, Euro 6b, Tier 3, and EPA 2010 are mandated in Peru for new vehicles.
8460:[Vehicle Emission Standards in Indonesia, How Far is It Implemented?]. Indonesia
5926:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
5372:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
285:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
44:
8815:
6392:
6231:
With exceptions, retrofit funding, and replacement-neutral scrappage, parts of: Glasgow
6179:, TorrejĂłn de Ardoz and Zaragoza. With exceptions and free public transport, parts of:
5993:
Since 1 July 2019, all new heavy vehicles in Mexico must comply with EPA 07 and Euro 5.
5755:
5719:
emissions on all new cars beginning in September 2005, with a letter from A (<100 CO
5681:
5677:
498:
482:
407:
399:
65:
8055:"CO2 standards for passenger cars and light-commercial vehicles in the European Union"
7510:"Volkswagen emissions scandal: Which other cars fail to meet pollution safety limits?"
32:
9359:
8260:"En el 2016 entrará en vigor la norma Euro V para camiones y transporte de pasajeros"
7774:
6483:
6375:
6224:
5647:
5437:
4427:
9305:"ZFE à Lyon: l'interdiction des véhicules Crit'Air 2 reportée "au 1er janvier 2028""
5445:
An independent study in 2014 used portable emissions measurement systems to measure
7252:"Emissions performance of Euro VI-D buses and recommendations for Euro 7 standards"
5548:
5547:) of 32 Euro 6 cars showed that few complied with on-road emission limits, and LNT/
510:
225:
9273:"ZFE : nouveau répit avant l'interdiction des Crit'Air 3 dans le Grand Paris"
7798:
7343:"Emission Standards » European Union » Heavy-Duty Truck and Bus Engines"
6188:– With exceptions, retrofit funding, and replacement-neutral scrappage, parts of:
6159:, Madrid (nonlocal), and parts of 42 towns of Germany. With exceptions, parts of:
6025:
Since 12 April 2022, all new diesel vehicles in Indonesia must comply with Euro 4.
5966:
Since 1 January 2016, all new heavy vehicles in Argentina must comply with Euro 5.
5944:
areas across the UK to create a network of charging points for electric vehicles.
1529:
Emission standards for motor cycles (two and three wheelers) – L-category vehicles
9255:"Zone Ă faibles Ă©missions : le choix d'une restriction minimaliste Ă Nantes"
281:
https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/ID-116-–-Euro-7-standard_final.pdf
228:, including cars, trucks (lorries), locomotives, tractors and similar machinery,
7342:
7104:
6941:
6919:
6371:
6363:
6339:
6320:
6052:
From December 2025, all new vehicles sold in Australia must comply with Euro 6d.
5769:
EU targets from 2015 to 2030 and historical trend of annual average new fleet CO
5564:
5327:
4978:
4365:
494:
462:
209:
100:
5990:
Since 8 October 2018, all new petrol cars in Indonesia must comply with Euro 4.
9132:"Todas las ciudades donde no podrán entrar los coches con etiqueta B en enero"
9014:"VIDEO. A Montpellier, les transports rendus gratuits pour tous les habitants"
8721:"Thailand approves delay on imposing Euro 5 emission standard on new vehicles"
8431:"Peru adopts Euro 4 / IV vehicle emissions standards for improved air quality"
8388:"Early adoption of China 5/V vehicle emission standards in Guangdong province"
7965:"Resources for the Future, Resources Magazine, Weathervane, One Car At A Time"
6220:
6172:
6160:
5401:
Since the Euro 3 regulations in 2000, performance has been measured using the
440:
429:
361:(2014) for light passenger and commercial vehicles—459/2012/EC and 2016/646/EU
7816:"English version of ADAC Emissions tests concerning Euro 5 & Euro 6 cars"
5969:
Since January 2016, all new light vehicles in Russia must comply with Euro 5.
371:
These limits supersede the original directive on emission limits 70/220/EEC.
9345:
8539:
6402:
6276:
6202:
6152:
6144:
6031:
Since 1 January 2023, all new vehicles in Colombia must comply with Euro 6b.
48:
Simplified chart showing the progression of European emission standards for
36:
Simplified chart showing the progression of European emission standards for
7990:"Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council"
7590:"Diesel: Shocking new rules would allow twice the pollution [3026]"
6040:
Since 1 January 2024, all new vehicles in Morocco must comply with Euro 6b.
6037:
Since 1 January 2024, all new vehicles in Thailand must comply with Euro 5.
6013:
Since 1 January 2022, all new vehicles in Cambodia must comply with Euro 4.
1446:
Before Euro 5, passenger vehicles > 2,500 kg were type approved as
428:
the headlights, the passenger compartment fan, or simply disconnecting the
6055:
From 1 January 2027, all new vehicles in Cambodia must comply with Euro 5.
76:
staging the progressive introduction of increasingly stringent standards.
6272:
6176:
6134:
6105:
6096:
5996:
Since 1 April 2020, all new 2, 3 or 4-wheelers in India must comply with
5954:
5622:
petrol hybrid cars are at the same level as the best Euro 5 diesel cars.
8655:"Novos limites de emissões vão aquecer venda de implementos rodoviários"
8139:"Fiat Chrysler to pay Tesla hundreds of millions of euros to pool fleet"
8082:"Regulation (EU) 2019/631 of the European Parliament and of the Council"
7540:
6295:
From 1 April 2025, Euro 2 cars and Euro 3 diesel cars will be banned in
5953:
Since 1 January 2012, all new heavy vehicles in Brazil must comply with
5790:
In April 2019, Regulation (EU) 2019/631 was adopted, which introduced CO
8926:"Todas las restricciones de las Zonas de Bajas Emisiones (ZBE) en 2024"
7742:"ADAC NOX tests on 69 Euro 6 Diesel cars shown in pictures by AutoBild"
7105:"Emission Standards » European Union » Cars and Light Trucks"
6968:
6296:
6212:
6189:
6156:
6092:
6078:
6074:
5626:
472:
125: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
17:
8280:
7646:"Auto industry reacts to new real driving emissions testing standards"
6016:
Since 1 January 2022, all new cars in Vietnam must comply with Euro 5.
5987:
Since 1 April 2018, Euro 4, Tier 2, and EPA 2007 are mandated in Peru.
5563:
will then continue to apply for the WLTC Euro 6c tests performed on a
6423:
6283:
6265:
6228:
6216:
6198:
6148:
6126:
6004:
5984:
Since 2018, all new heavy vehicles in Russia must comply with Euro 5.
6545:"Euro 6 Guide to Emission Standards (2022 Update) | Motorway (2022)"
6350:. It is not guaranteed that bi-fuel vehicles will be running on gas.
5960:
Since September 2014, all new cars in Chile must comply with Euro 5.
79:
Euro 7, agreed in 2024 and due to come into force in 2026, includes
64:
for pollution from the use of new land surface vehicles sold in the
8519:"West African Ministers adopt cleaner fuels and vehicles standards"
7830:"Original ADAC emissions tests concerning Euro 5 & Euro 6 cars"
7815:
7620:"Governments double and delay air pollution limits for diesel cars"
9038:"Older vehicles banned from Glasgow as low emission zone launches"
6347:
6168:
6088:
5516:
5425:
5337:
European standards for non-road diesel engines harmonise with the
229:
43:
31:
9351:
T&E: No diesel NOX reduction in 13 years due to cycle beating
8458:"Standard Emisi Kendaraan di Indonesia, Sejauh Apa Penerapannya?"
8233:"Programa de Controle da Poluição do Ar por VeĂculos Automotores"
7365:"Comparison of NOx emission standards for different Euro classes"
7299:"Transport & Environment – Emissions from Maritime Transport"
6985:"Verbrenner-Aus: Wagenknecht fordert „neue Verbrennergeneration""
4444:
European emission standards for heavy-duty diesel engines, g/kWh
7222:"Study on possible new measures concerning motorcycle emissions"
6367:
5540:
5510:
5506:
406:
are summarized in the following tables. Since the Euro 2 stage,
8816:"Umweltzonen, Durchfahrtsbeschränkungen und Luftreinhaltepläne"
8111:
emission performance standards for cars and vans (2020 onward)"
7446:
Transport Environment.org Transport & Environment, Bulletin
7075:(Press release). PSA Peugeot Citroen. p. 6. Archived from
6964:"EU Parliament approves compromise on vehicle pollution limits"
5972:
Since 2016, all new vehicles in Turkey must comply with Euro 6.
1479:
Values in parentheses are conformity of production (COP) limits
7152:"Volkswagen Test Rigging Follows a Long Auto Industry Pattern"
6211:– Darmstadt and parts of Stuttgart With exceptions, parts of:
5906:
5502:
5352:
4972:
4359:
355:(2009) for light passenger and commercial vehicles—715/2007/EC
261:
199:
94:
8393:. The International Council on Clean Transportation. May 2015
8301:. International Council on Clean Transportation. 23 May 2018.
5867:(approx. 1400 kg). The Regulations determine the factor
8675:[Is transportation in Colombia ready for Euro VI?].
8633:"Mobil Diesel di Indonesia Wajib Euro 4 Mulai 12 April 2022"
7943:
emissions in respect of the marketing of new passenger cars"
7476:"Volkswagen to Stop Sales of Diesel Cars Involved in Recall"
6395:(the voluntary agreement with auto manufacturers to limit CO
5584:
17 cars emit less than 80 mg/km, i.e. do not emit more
254:
Euro 7 was formally approval by EU countries in April 2024.
9236:"Scotland's Low Emission Zones - The Ultimate Guide (2024)"
8235:[Air Pollution Control Program for Motor Vehicles]
7661:"NOx control technologies for Euro 6 diesel passenger cars"
6366:, even if many pollute more than some banned cars. Also, a
6240:
Since 2019, some German cities ban Euro 4 or 5 diesel cars.
5701:
emissions in respect of the marketing of new passenger cars
7866:"'Publish the Euro 7 air quality standards without delay'"
7387:"Don't Breathe Here: Tackling air pollution from vehicles"
6657:"EU strikes provisional deal over Euro 7 emissions limits"
4908:
listed in this table have been recalculated from mg to g.
1517:/km within first three years from Euro 6b effective dates
8673:"¿El transporte en Colombia está listo para la Euro VI?"
7208:
AECC (the Association for Emissions Control by Catalyst)
5873:
as 0.0457 for 2012–2019 and as 0.0333 from 2020 onward.
8501:"Amid lockdown, India switches to BS-VI emission norms"
8084:. Official Journal of the European Union. 17 April 2019
7992:. Official Journal of the European Union. 23 April 2009
6501:(United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE))
6205:. With exceptions, parts of: Antwerp, Brussels, Madrid
8483:"Semarnat publica en el DOF modificaciĂłn a la NOM-044"
7917:"Road transport: Reducing COâ‚‚ emissions from vehicles"
7413:"Real-world exhaust emissions from modern diesel cars"
4344:
Applies only to vehicles with direct injection engines
3457:
Applies only to vehicles with direct injection engines
2578:
Applies only to vehicles with direct injection engines
1501:
Applies only to vehicles with direct injection engines
52:
cars. Note that until Euro 5, there were no PM limits.
8101:
8099:
7569:(Press release). European Commission. 28 October 2015
5222:
Euro norm emissions for (older) ECE R49 cycle, g/kWh
197:
In the European Union, emissions of nitrogen oxides (
6499:
World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations
5593:
on this more demanding cycle than on the NEDC cycle.
1538:
Euro emission standards for two- and three-wheelers
327:(1996) for passenger cars—94/12/EC (& 96/69/EC)
319:
Also for passenger cars and light lorries—93/59/EEC.
7768:"English version of ADAC pollutant tests procedure"
7474:Ewing, Jack; Davenport, Coral (20 September 2015).
7068:Macaudière, Pierre; Matthess, Nils (January 2013).
6572:"Lowering the limit: Euro 7 brake emissions update"
6282:From 1 January 2025, Euro 1 cars will be banned in
4898:
measured in ppm pr. kWh, whereas EURO VII limits NH
9215:"German cities can ban Euro 5 diesels immediately"
8677:Semana.com Ăšltimas Noticias de Colombia y el Mundo
8615:"Chile avanza hacia la norma de emisiones Euro 6b"
8540:"Emission Standards: China: Cars and Light Trucks"
8009:
8007:
7844:"Most modern diesels still too dirty, study shows"
7508:
5554:NEDC Euro 6b not to exceed limit of 80 mg/km
5509:named alongside Volkswagen and its sister company
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1485:
349:(2005) for any vehicle—98/69/EC (& 2002/80/EC)
7725:"ADAC NOx Tests concerning 69 Euro 6 Diesel cars"
7665:The International Council on Clean Transportation
7439:"WHO adds pressure for stricter Euro-5 standards"
6439:European Federation for Transport and Environment
5852:with the mass of the specific vehicle denoted by
5316:Emission standards for non-road mobile machinery
1706:Emission standards for light commercial vehicles
8985:
8983:
8981:
8318:. International Council on Clean Transportation
7250:INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL ON CLEAN TRANSPORTATION.
7099:
7097:
6597:"Should Tire And Brake Emissions Be Regulated?"
5638:, although they conform to official standards.
6732:"EU: Heavy-duty: Emissions | Transport Policy"
5703:is to ensure that information relating to the
5687:, with road transport contributing about 20%.
2599:1,305–1,760 kg reference mass (Category N
8534:
8532:
8051:International Council on Clean Transportation
8045:
8043:
8041:
7502:
7500:
7498:
7496:
7417:International Council on Clean Transportation
5803:Specific emissions targets for passenger cars
341:For motorcycle—2002/51/EC (row B)—2006/120/EC
330:For motorcycle—2002/51/EC (row A)—2006/120/EC
8:
9230:
9228:
9168:
9166:
9059:
9057:
9055:
9053:
9051:
8854:
8852:
8555:
8553:
8019:emissions from passenger cars – before 2020"
7892:"EU-27: CO2 emissions shares by sector 2019"
7321:"Emission Test Cycles: ECE 15 + EUDC / NEDC"
7124:
7122:
6848:
6846:
5795:baseline, with a reduction of the average CO
9147:
9145:
9107:
9105:
9031:
9029:
9027:
8076:
8074:
7984:
7982:
7696:. September 2015. p. 20 (PDF page 27).
7204:"HISTORY OF MOTORCYCLE EMISSIONS STANDARDS"
5405:test (NEDC; also known as MVEG-B), with a "
5007:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
4969:Emission standards for large goods vehicles
4394:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
258:Toxic emission: stages and legal framework
8877:
8875:
8873:
6782:"What are the Euro 7 emissions standards?"
6405:(a motor vehicle emissions ranking system)
6003:Since 1 January 2021, all new vehicles in
1720:≤ 1,305 kg reference mass (Category N
9130:Sirvent, Gustavo LĂłpez (2 October 2023).
8901:
8899:
8897:
7792:"Original ADAC Emissions Tests procedure"
6715:"Euro 7 motor vehicle emission standards"
5672:Climate change in Europe § Transport
5027:Learn how and when to remove this message
4947:enhanced environmentally friendly vehicle
4414:Learn how and when to remove this message
185:Learn how and when to remove this message
9008:
9006:
9004:
8962:
8960:
8907:"Mapa ZBE TorrejĂłn de Ardoz | RACE"
8839:"Fahrverbote und Umweltzonen im Ausland"
8833:
8831:
8829:
6520:"What are the Euro Emissions Standards?"
6494:United States vehicle emission standards
6370:with a depleted battery is worse than a
6358:
6356:
5858:and the average vehicle mass denoted by
5764:
5632:
5607:
5587:
5574:
5557:
5533:
5495:
5475:
5466:
5457:
5448:
5238:
5220:
5064:
5038:
4468:
4442:
3526:
3515:
3472:
2639:
2628:
2593:
1760:
1749:
1714:
1554:
1536:
501:
485:
475:
437:
413:
246:During the early 2000s, Australia began
201:
9190:
9188:
9086:
9084:
9082:
9080:
9078:
8941:
8939:
8937:
8935:
8920:
8918:
8916:
8810:
8808:
8806:
7301:. European Commission. 16 February 2015
6757:"NEDC: How do lab tests for cars work?"
6511:
6334:
6332:
6312:
5775:Source: Norwegian Road Federation (OFV)
4878:
4356:Emission standards for trucks and buses
4324:
3437:
2558:
1439:
9366:Carbon emissions in the European Union
8477:
8475:
8275:
8273:
7713:. p. 11 (PDF page 27, table 3.2).
7005:. Europa (web portal). 29 October 2010
6444:European Union Emission Trading Scheme
6129:(nonlocal) With exceptions, parts of:
5680:, transport is the biggest emitter of
5527:portable emissions measurement systems
1475:
1473:
9253:AMIOTTE, Sylvain (16 December 2023).
8679:(in Spanish). Colombia. 17 March 2022
8281:"Emission Standards: Russia and EAEU"
8212:O, Catalina Rojas (4 February 2013).
7945:. Eur-lex.europa.eu. 13 December 1999
7049:. Eur-lex.europa.eu. 20 December 2001
6809:. European Commission. 31 August 2010
6713:European Parliament (November 2023).
6474:Portable emissions measurement system
4340:
4338:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4330:
4328:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3443:
3441:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2562:
394:Emission standards for passenger cars
7:
8882:Otero, Alejandra (1 December 2023).
8258:Panzera, Daniel (1 September 2015).
7521:from the original on 12 January 2022
6878:. Eur-lex.europa.eu. 13 October 1998
6680:
6678:
6237:– With exceptions, center of: Madrid
5745:European Union Directive No 443/2009
5005:adding citations to reliable sources
4392:adding citations to reliable sources
123:adding citations to reliable sources
6479:Regulation on non-exhaust emissions
6429:Energy policy of the European Union
9195:Murias, Daniel (3 November 2023).
9173:LĂłpez, Noelia (26 December 2023).
7507:Kirk, Ashley (22 September 2015).
7231:. 1 September 2009. pp. 44–45
6655:de Prez, Matt (19 December 2023).
6181:Montpellier Méditerranée Métropole
5040:Euro norm emissions for category N
3478:> 1,760 kg reference mass
279:. The reason given is: euro 7 per
25:
9065:"Low emission zone retrofit fund"
7691:"ICCT expected conformity factor"
6856:. Eur-lex.europa.eu. 19 July 2002
6831:. Eur-lex.europa.eu. 26 June 1991
6570:Lampinen, Megan (2 August 2024).
6469:Phase-out of fossil fuel vehicles
6235:Euro 6 non-gas or non-electrified
6165:Aix-Marseille-Provence Metropolis
5814:and the general emissions target
5514:loopholes in testing protocols".
9293:. Europa Press. 31 January 2024.
7588:Bennett, Jon (28 October 2015).
6983:Timmler, Vivien (7 April 2024).
6434:European Common Transport Policy
5911:
5773:emissions in Norway (2011–2019).
5747:set a mandatory average fleet CO
5357:
4977:
4904:The EURO VII limit values for NH
4364:
3474:European emission standards for
2595:European emission standards for
1716:European emission standards for
439:European emission standards for
338:(2000) for any vehicle—98/69/EC
266:
99:
5656:European Public Health Alliance
3493:
2606:
1727:
446:
110:needs additional citations for
7846:. UK: Sky News. 17 August 2018
7182:INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
6409:Air quality and EU legislation
316:For passenger cars—91/441/EEC.
1:
9092:"Mobility and scrappage fund"
8456:Mongabay (26 November 2020).
7541:"Real Driving Emissions 2015"
7367:. European Environment Agency
7130:"Regulation (EC) No 715/2007"
6073:– With exceptions, parts of:
134:"European emission standards"
9376:European Union transport law
7070:"Élimination des particules"
5652:European Respiratory Society
5521:Real Driving Emissions (RDE)
5486:Volkswagen emissions scandal
5422:"Cycle beating" controversy
4933:Brake particle emissions (PM
1463:Brake particle emissions (PM
224:(PM) are regulated for most
9327:European Environment Agency
9321:European emission standards
8165:"Recharging infrastructure"
7870:Transport & Environment
7797:(in German). Archived from
7345:. DieselNet. September 2012
6761:Car Emissions Testing Facts
6091:With exceptions, parts of:
432:which charges the battery.
58:European emission standards
9392:
9307:– via www.bfmtv.com.
7967:. Rff.org. 10 January 2006
6419:Vehicle emission standards
6362:Electrified here includes
5669:
5403:New European Driving Cycle
4875:
4321:
3934:
3541:
3501:Date (first registration)
3434:
3047:
2654:
2614:Date (first registration)
2555:
2168:
1775:
1735:Date (first registration)
1436:
983:
527:
454:Date (first registration)
62:vehicle emission standards
27:Vehicle emission standards
7107:. DieselNet. January 2015
6464:National Emission Ceiling
5920:This section needs to be
5781:light commercial vehicles
5366:This section needs to be
5323:non-road mobile machinery
4794:
4791:
4653:
4647:
4582:
4520:
4514:
3476:light commercial vehicles
2597:light commercial vehicles
1718:light commercial vehicles
1448:light commercial vehicles
404:light commercial vehicles
275:This section needs to be
74:European Union directives
8435:UN Environment Programme
8169:Department for Transport
7624:transportenvironment.org
6007:must comply with Euro 4.
374:The classifications for
214:non-methane hydrocarbons
6736:www.transportpolicy.net
6489:Ultra-low-sulfur diesel
6459:Motor vehicle emissions
6186:Euro 3 petrol or diesel
6117:Euro 2 petrol or diesel
6085:Euro 1 petrol or diesel
6071:Euro 0 petrol or diesel
5048:, (2000 and up), g/kWh
4902:measured in mg pr. kWh.
4651:October 1999 EEVs only
398:Emission standards for
9153:"Where are the zones?"
7545:Real Driving Emissions
7323:. DieselNet. July 2013
6119:– 76 towns of Piedmont
6077:and 42 other towns of
5776:
5625:Tests commissioned by
5522:
5490:engine management unit
5431:
4554:1992, > 85 kW
4518:1992, < 85 kW
70:European Economic Area
53:
41:
9346:EU emission standards
8601:Autoesporte.globo.com
7919:. European Commission
7391:Transport Environment
6636:. European Parliament
6614:. European Parliament
6449:Life cycle assessment
5768:
5736:Obligatory vehicle CO
5520:
5429:
3498:Date (type approval)
2611:Date (type approval)
1732:Date (type approval)
451:Date (type approval)
384:Directive 2001/116/EC
81:non-exhaust emissions
47:
35:
9119:. 27 September 2023.
8659:O Estado de S. Paulo
8565:www.ccacoalition.org
5691:Obligatory labelling
5648:civil society groups
5571:ADAC also performed
5391:emission test cycles
5330:vehicles as well as
5001:improve this section
4388:improve this section
241:on-board diagnostics
119:improve this article
9096:Energy Saving Trust
9069:Energy Saving Trust
9042:www.fleetnews.co.uk
8953:. 26 December 2023.
8928:. 15 December 2023.
8799:. 22 December 2023.
8727:. 22 February 2023.
8661:. 11 February 2022.
8585:. 10 December 2021.
8525:. 27 February 2020.
8175:on 22 December 2011
8116:European Commission
8024:European Commission
7671:on 9 September 2017
7600:on 22 December 2015
7515:The Daily Telegraph
7393:. 14 September 2015
7158:. 23 September 2015
7027:. Eur-lex.europa.eu
6944:. Eur-lex.europa.eu
6922:. Eur-lex.europa.eu
6900:. Eur-lex.europa.eu
6338:Gas here refers to
6319:Gas here refers to
6113:– Parts of: Neu-Ulm
6000:(similar to Euro 6)
5957:(similar to Euro 5)
5723:g/km) to F (186+ CO
5613:, 3 mg PM and
5413:Heavy duty vehicles
5397:Light duty vehicles
5349:Emission test cycle
5223:
5049:
4445:
3491:
2604:
1725:
1539:
444:
443:(Category M), g/km
9371:Emission standards
9337:EEA transport page
9113:"Dieselfahrverbot"
9020:. 12 January 2024.
8997:. 24 January 2024.
8995:France 3 Occitanie
8603:. 3 December 2021.
8437:. 18 December 2017
7648:. 30 October 2015.
7480:The New York Times
7156:The New York Times
7082:on 19 January 2017
6414:Biofuels Directive
6065:Full-time car bans
5886:ZLEV Credit System
5777:
5543:study (ordered by
5523:
5432:
5221:
5039:
4443:
3473:
2594:
1715:
1537:
438:
222:particulate matter
54:
42:
9036:Roberts, Gareth.
8621:. 2 October 2020.
8119:. 6 November 2017
7804:on 28 April 2015.
7748:on 5 January 2016
7626:. 28 October 2015
7455:on 6 October 2006
7419:. 11 October 2014
7279:. p. 167/163
7210:. 14 August 2018.
6454:Low-emission zone
6131:TorrejĂłn de Ardoz
5941:
5940:
5387:
5386:
5313:
5312:
5219:
5218:
5037:
5036:
5029:
4966:
4965:
4894:EURO VI limits NH
4795:31 December 2012
4424:
4423:
4416:
4353:
4352:
3486:Class III & N
3480:max 3,500 kg
3466:
3465:
2587:
2586:
1703:
1702:
1526:
1525:
300:
299:
210:total hydrocarbon
195:
194:
187:
169:
16:(Redirected from
9383:
9309:
9308:
9301:
9295:
9294:
9287:
9281:
9280:
9269:
9263:
9262:
9250:
9244:
9243:
9232:
9223:
9222:
9211:
9205:
9204:
9192:
9183:
9182:
9179:Auto Bild España
9170:
9161:
9160:
9149:
9140:
9139:
9127:
9121:
9120:
9109:
9100:
9099:
9088:
9073:
9072:
9061:
9046:
9045:
9033:
9022:
9021:
9010:
8999:
8998:
8987:
8976:
8975:
8964:
8955:
8954:
8943:
8930:
8929:
8922:
8911:
8910:
8903:
8892:
8891:
8879:
8868:
8867:
8864:Regione Piemonte
8856:
8847:
8846:
8845:. 9 August 2023.
8835:
8824:
8823:
8812:
8801:
8800:
8789:
8783:
8782:
8775:
8769:
8768:
8766:
8764:
8753:
8747:
8746:
8735:
8729:
8728:
8717:
8711:
8710:
8708:
8706:
8695:
8689:
8688:
8686:
8684:
8669:
8663:
8662:
8651:
8645:
8644:
8642:
8640:
8629:
8623:
8622:
8611:
8605:
8604:
8593:
8587:
8586:
8575:
8569:
8568:
8557:
8548:
8547:
8536:
8527:
8526:
8515:
8509:
8508:
8497:
8491:
8490:
8479:
8470:
8469:
8467:
8465:
8453:
8447:
8446:
8444:
8442:
8427:
8421:
8420:
8409:
8403:
8402:
8400:
8398:
8392:
8384:
8378:
8377:
8375:
8373:
8359:
8353:
8352:
8350:
8348:
8334:
8328:
8327:
8325:
8323:
8317:
8309:
8303:
8302:
8295:
8289:
8288:
8277:
8268:
8267:
8255:
8249:
8248:
8246:
8244:
8238:
8228:
8222:
8221:
8209:
8203:
8202:
8201:. 26 March 2011.
8191:
8185:
8184:
8182:
8180:
8171:. Archived from
8161:
8155:
8154:
8152:
8150:
8135:
8129:
8128:
8126:
8124:
8103:
8094:
8093:
8091:
8089:
8078:
8069:
8068:
8066:
8064:
8059:
8053:(January 2019).
8047:
8036:
8035:
8033:
8031:
8011:
8002:
8001:
7999:
7997:
7986:
7977:
7976:
7974:
7972:
7961:
7955:
7954:
7952:
7950:
7935:
7929:
7928:
7926:
7924:
7913:
7907:
7906:
7904:
7902:
7888:
7882:
7881:
7879:
7877:
7862:
7856:
7855:
7853:
7851:
7840:
7834:
7833:
7826:
7820:
7819:
7812:
7806:
7805:
7803:
7796:
7788:
7782:
7781:
7780:on 4 March 2016.
7779:
7773:. Archived from
7772:
7764:
7758:
7757:
7755:
7753:
7744:. Archived from
7738:
7732:
7731:
7729:
7721:
7715:
7714:
7712:
7704:
7698:
7697:
7695:
7687:
7681:
7680:
7678:
7676:
7667:. Archived from
7656:
7650:
7649:
7642:
7636:
7635:
7633:
7631:
7616:
7610:
7609:
7607:
7605:
7596:. Archived from
7585:
7579:
7578:
7576:
7574:
7563:
7557:
7556:
7554:
7552:
7537:
7531:
7530:
7528:
7526:
7512:
7504:
7491:
7490:
7488:
7486:
7471:
7465:
7464:
7462:
7460:
7454:
7443:
7435:
7429:
7428:
7426:
7424:
7409:
7403:
7402:
7400:
7398:
7383:
7377:
7376:
7374:
7372:
7361:
7355:
7354:
7352:
7350:
7339:
7333:
7332:
7330:
7328:
7317:
7311:
7310:
7308:
7306:
7295:
7289:
7288:
7286:
7284:
7273:
7267:
7266:
7264:
7262:
7256:
7247:
7241:
7240:
7238:
7236:
7226:
7218:
7212:
7211:
7200:
7194:
7193:
7191:
7189:
7184:. 14 August 2018
7174:
7168:
7167:
7165:
7163:
7148:
7142:
7141:
7139:
7137:
7126:
7117:
7116:
7114:
7112:
7101:
7092:
7091:
7089:
7087:
7081:
7074:
7065:
7059:
7058:
7056:
7054:
7043:
7037:
7036:
7034:
7032:
7021:
7015:
7014:
7012:
7010:
6999:
6993:
6992:
6980:
6974:
6973:
6960:
6954:
6953:
6951:
6949:
6938:
6932:
6931:
6929:
6927:
6916:
6910:
6909:
6907:
6905:
6894:
6888:
6887:
6885:
6883:
6872:
6866:
6865:
6863:
6861:
6850:
6841:
6840:
6838:
6836:
6825:
6819:
6818:
6816:
6814:
6803:
6797:
6796:
6794:
6792:
6778:
6772:
6771:
6769:
6767:
6753:
6747:
6746:
6744:
6742:
6728:
6722:
6721:
6719:
6710:
6704:
6703:
6696:
6690:
6689:
6682:
6673:
6672:
6670:
6668:
6652:
6646:
6645:
6643:
6641:
6630:
6624:
6623:
6621:
6619:
6607:
6601:
6600:
6593:
6587:
6586:
6584:
6582:
6576:Automotive World
6567:
6561:
6560:
6558:
6556:
6541:
6535:
6534:
6532:
6530:
6516:
6379:
6360:
6351:
6336:
6327:
6317:
5948:Around the world
5936:
5933:
5927:
5915:
5914:
5907:
5872:
5866:
5857:
5851:
5823:is expressed as
5822:
5813:
5752:emissions target
5637:
5620:
5618:
5612:
5592:
5579:
5562:
5538:
5500:
5480:
5471:
5462:
5453:
5382:
5379:
5373:
5361:
5360:
5353:
5339:US EPA standards
5332:railway vehicles
5243:
5224:
5069:
5050:
5032:
5025:
5021:
5018:
5012:
4981:
4973:
4958:
4955:
4949:
4944:
4938:
4931:
4925:
4921:
4915:
4892:
4886:
4883:
4861:
4859:
4822:
4820:
4473:
4446:
4419:
4412:
4408:
4405:
4399:
4368:
4360:
4345:
4342:
4317:
4315:
4279:
4277:
4241:
4239:
4203:
4201:
4165:
4163:
3930:
3928:
3892:
3890:
3854:
3852:
3816:
3814:
3778:
3776:
3740:
3738:
3531:
3520:
3492:
3458:
3455:
3430:
3428:
3392:
3390:
3354:
3352:
3316:
3314:
3278:
3276:
3043:
3041:
3005:
3003:
2967:
2965:
2929:
2927:
2891:
2889:
2853:
2851:
2644:
2633:
2605:
2603:Class II), g/km
2579:
2576:
2551:
2549:
2513:
2511:
2475:
2473:
2437:
2435:
2399:
2397:
2164:
2162:
2126:
2124:
2088:
2086:
2050:
2048:
2012:
2010:
1974:
1972:
1765:
1754:
1726:
1559:
1540:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1480:
1477:
1468:
1461:
1455:
1444:
1429:
1427:
1385:
1383:
1341:
1339:
1297:
1295:
1253:
1251:
976:
974:
935:
933:
891:
889:
847:
845:
803:
801:
759:
757:
506:
490:
478:
445:
421:direct injection
418:
378:are defined by:
376:vehicle category
295:
292:
286:
270:
269:
262:
207:
190:
183:
179:
176:
170:
168:
127:
103:
95:
21:
9391:
9390:
9386:
9385:
9384:
9382:
9381:
9380:
9356:
9355:
9317:
9312:
9303:
9302:
9298:
9289:
9288:
9284:
9279:. 13 July 2023.
9271:
9270:
9266:
9259:Ouest-France.fr
9252:
9251:
9247:
9234:
9233:
9226:
9213:
9212:
9208:
9194:
9193:
9186:
9172:
9171:
9164:
9151:
9150:
9143:
9136:Top Gear España
9129:
9128:
9124:
9111:
9110:
9103:
9090:
9089:
9076:
9063:
9062:
9049:
9035:
9034:
9025:
9012:
9011:
9002:
8989:
8988:
8979:
8966:
8965:
8958:
8945:
8944:
8933:
8924:
8923:
8914:
8905:
8904:
8895:
8881:
8880:
8871:
8858:
8857:
8850:
8837:
8836:
8827:
8814:
8813:
8804:
8791:
8790:
8786:
8777:
8776:
8772:
8762:
8760:
8755:
8754:
8750:
8737:
8736:
8732:
8719:
8718:
8714:
8704:
8702:
8697:
8696:
8692:
8682:
8680:
8671:
8670:
8666:
8653:
8652:
8648:
8638:
8636:
8631:
8630:
8626:
8613:
8612:
8608:
8595:
8594:
8590:
8577:
8576:
8572:
8559:
8558:
8551:
8538:
8537:
8530:
8517:
8516:
8512:
8507:. 1 April 2020.
8499:
8498:
8494:
8481:
8480:
8473:
8463:
8461:
8455:
8454:
8450:
8440:
8438:
8429:
8428:
8424:
8411:
8410:
8406:
8396:
8394:
8390:
8386:
8385:
8381:
8371:
8369:
8361:
8360:
8356:
8346:
8344:
8336:
8335:
8331:
8321:
8319:
8315:
8311:
8310:
8306:
8297:
8296:
8292:
8279:
8278:
8271:
8257:
8256:
8252:
8242:
8240:
8236:
8230:
8229:
8225:
8211:
8210:
8206:
8193:
8192:
8188:
8178:
8176:
8163:
8162:
8158:
8148:
8146:
8137:
8136:
8132:
8122:
8120:
8110:
8105:
8104:
8097:
8087:
8085:
8080:
8079:
8072:
8062:
8060:
8057:
8049:
8048:
8039:
8029:
8027:
8018:
8013:
8012:
8005:
7995:
7993:
7988:
7987:
7980:
7970:
7968:
7963:
7962:
7958:
7948:
7946:
7942:
7937:
7936:
7932:
7922:
7920:
7915:
7914:
7910:
7900:
7898:
7890:
7889:
7885:
7875:
7873:
7864:
7863:
7859:
7849:
7847:
7842:
7841:
7837:
7828:
7827:
7823:
7814:
7813:
7809:
7801:
7794:
7790:
7789:
7785:
7777:
7770:
7766:
7765:
7761:
7751:
7749:
7740:
7739:
7735:
7727:
7723:
7722:
7718:
7710:
7706:
7705:
7701:
7693:
7689:
7688:
7684:
7674:
7672:
7658:
7657:
7653:
7644:
7643:
7639:
7629:
7627:
7618:
7617:
7613:
7603:
7601:
7587:
7586:
7582:
7572:
7570:
7565:
7564:
7560:
7550:
7548:
7539:
7538:
7534:
7524:
7522:
7506:
7505:
7494:
7484:
7482:
7473:
7472:
7468:
7458:
7456:
7452:
7441:
7437:
7436:
7432:
7422:
7420:
7411:
7410:
7406:
7396:
7394:
7385:
7384:
7380:
7370:
7368:
7363:
7362:
7358:
7348:
7346:
7341:
7340:
7336:
7326:
7324:
7319:
7318:
7314:
7304:
7302:
7297:
7296:
7292:
7282:
7280:
7275:
7274:
7270:
7260:
7258:
7254:
7249:
7248:
7244:
7234:
7232:
7224:
7220:
7219:
7215:
7202:
7201:
7197:
7187:
7185:
7176:
7175:
7171:
7161:
7159:
7150:
7149:
7145:
7135:
7133:
7128:
7127:
7120:
7110:
7108:
7103:
7102:
7095:
7085:
7083:
7079:
7072:
7067:
7066:
7062:
7052:
7050:
7045:
7044:
7040:
7030:
7028:
7023:
7022:
7018:
7008:
7006:
7001:
7000:
6996:
6982:
6981:
6977:
6962:
6961:
6957:
6947:
6945:
6940:
6939:
6935:
6925:
6923:
6918:
6917:
6913:
6903:
6901:
6896:
6895:
6891:
6881:
6879:
6874:
6873:
6869:
6859:
6857:
6852:
6851:
6844:
6834:
6832:
6827:
6826:
6822:
6812:
6810:
6805:
6804:
6800:
6790:
6788:
6780:
6779:
6775:
6765:
6763:
6755:
6754:
6750:
6740:
6738:
6730:
6729:
6725:
6717:
6712:
6711:
6707:
6698:
6697:
6693:
6684:
6683:
6676:
6666:
6664:
6654:
6653:
6649:
6639:
6637:
6632:
6631:
6627:
6617:
6615:
6610:DELLI, Karima.
6609:
6608:
6604:
6595:
6594:
6590:
6580:
6578:
6569:
6568:
6564:
6554:
6552:
6551:. 28 April 2022
6543:
6542:
6538:
6528:
6526:
6518:
6517:
6513:
6509:
6504:
6398:
6388:
6383:
6382:
6361:
6354:
6337:
6330:
6318:
6314:
6309:
6067:
6062:
5950:
5937:
5931:
5928:
5925:
5916:
5912:
5905:
5903:Electrification
5898:
5893:
5868:
5865:
5859:
5853:
5849:
5834:
5824:
5821:
5815:
5809:
5798:
5793:
5786:
5774:
5772:
5750:
5742:
5740:emission limits
5739:
5726:
5722:
5718:
5710:
5700:
5695:The purpose of
5693:
5685:
5674:
5668:
5665:
5644:
5636:
5630:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5605:
5591:
5585:
5578:
5572:
5561:
5555:
5537:
5531:
5499:
5493:
5479:
5473:
5470:
5464:
5461:
5455:
5452:
5446:
5424:
5415:
5399:
5383:
5377:
5374:
5371:
5362:
5358:
5351:
5318:
5242:
5236:
5068:
5062:
5043:
5033:
5022:
5016:
5013:
4998:
4982:
4971:
4962:
4961:
4956:
4952:
4945:
4941:
4936:
4932:
4928:
4922:
4918:
4913:
4909:
4907:
4903:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4889:
4884:
4880:
4857:
4855:
4818:
4816:
4703:
4510:
4498:
4491:
4479:
4472:
4466:
4440:
4420:
4409:
4403:
4400:
4385:
4369:
4358:
4349:
4348:
4343:
4326:
4313:
4311:
4290:September 2024
4287:September 2023
4275:
4273:
4237:
4235:
4214:September 2020
4211:September 2018
4199:
4197:
4176:September 2019
4161:
4159:
4138:September 2016
4135:September 2015
4103:September 2011
4071:September 2010
3926:
3924:
3903:September 2024
3900:September 2023
3888:
3886:
3850:
3848:
3827:September 2020
3824:September 2018
3812:
3810:
3789:September 2019
3774:
3772:
3751:September 2016
3748:September 2015
3736:
3734:
3710:September 2011
3678:September 2010
3530:
3524:
3519:
3513:
3489:
3485:
3470:
3462:
3461:
3456:
3439:
3426:
3424:
3403:September 2024
3400:September 2023
3388:
3386:
3350:
3348:
3327:September 2020
3324:September 2018
3312:
3310:
3289:September 2019
3274:
3272:
3251:September 2016
3248:September 2015
3216:September 2011
3184:September 2010
3039:
3037:
3016:September 2024
3013:September 2023
3001:
2999:
2963:
2961:
2940:September 2020
2937:September 2018
2925:
2923:
2902:September 2019
2887:
2885:
2864:September 2016
2861:September 2015
2849:
2847:
2823:September 2011
2791:September 2010
2643:
2637:
2632:
2626:
2602:
2591:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2560:
2547:
2545:
2524:September 2024
2521:September 2023
2509:
2507:
2471:
2469:
2448:September 2019
2445:September 2017
2433:
2431:
2410:September 2018
2395:
2393:
2372:September 2015
2369:September 2014
2337:September 2011
2305:September 2009
2160:
2158:
2137:September 2024
2134:September 2023
2122:
2120:
2084:
2082:
2061:September 2019
2058:September 2017
2046:
2044:
2023:September 2018
2008:
2006:
1985:September 2015
1982:September 2014
1970:
1968:
1944:September 2011
1912:September 2009
1764:
1758:
1753:
1747:
1724:Class I), g/km
1723:
1712:
1708:
1558:
1552:
1531:
1522:
1521:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1483:
1478:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1445:
1441:
1425:
1423:
1399:September 2024
1396:September 2023
1381:
1379:
1337:
1335:
1311:September 2019
1308:September 2017
1293:
1291:
1267:September 2018
1249:
1247:
1223:September 2015
1220:September 2014
1182:September 2011
1144:September 2009
972:
970:
946:September 2024
943:September 2023
931:
929:
887:
885:
861:September 2019
858:September 2017
843:
841:
817:September 2018
799:
797:
773:September 2015
770:September 2014
755:
753:
726:September 2011
688:September 2009
523:
505:
499:
489:
483:
477:
473:
435:
417:
411:
396:
296:
290:
287:
284:
271:
267:
260:
218:carbon monoxide
205:
198:
191:
180:
174:
171:
128:
126:
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9315:External links
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9221:. 21 May 2018.
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880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
856:
852:
851:
848:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
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815:
812:
808:
807:
804:
795:
792:
789:
786:
783:
780:
777:
774:
771:
768:
764:
763:
760:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
724:
720:
719:
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707:
704:
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698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
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681:
678:
675:
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669:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
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631:
628:
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622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
606:
605:
602:
599:
596:
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584:
581:
578:
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572:
568:
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
530:
529:
525:
524:
521:
518:
513:
508:
492:
480:
470:
465:
460:
455:
452:
449:
441:passenger cars
408:EU regulations
400:passenger cars
395:
392:
391:
390:
387:
369:
368:
367:(2030 to 2031)
362:
356:
350:
344:
343:
342:
333:
332:
331:
322:
321:
320:
317:
298:
297:
274:
272:
265:
259:
256:
193:
192:
107:
105:
98:
92:
89:
66:European Union
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9388:
9377:
9374:
9372:
9369:
9367:
9364:
9363:
9361:
9352:
9349:
9347:
9343:
9338:
9335:
9333:
9330:
9329:
9328:
9325:
9322:
9319:
9318:
9314:
9306:
9300:
9297:
9292:
9286:
9283:
9278:
9274:
9268:
9265:
9260:
9256:
9249:
9246:
9241:
9237:
9231:
9229:
9225:
9220:
9216:
9210:
9207:
9202:
9198:
9191:
9189:
9185:
9180:
9176:
9169:
9167:
9163:
9158:
9154:
9148:
9146:
9142:
9137:
9133:
9126:
9123:
9118:
9114:
9108:
9106:
9102:
9097:
9093:
9087:
9085:
9083:
9081:
9079:
9075:
9070:
9066:
9060:
9058:
9056:
9054:
9052:
9048:
9043:
9039:
9032:
9030:
9028:
9024:
9019:
9015:
9009:
9007:
9005:
9001:
8996:
8992:
8986:
8984:
8982:
8978:
8973:
8969:
8963:
8961:
8957:
8952:
8948:
8942:
8940:
8938:
8936:
8932:
8927:
8921:
8919:
8917:
8913:
8908:
8902:
8900:
8898:
8894:
8889:
8885:
8878:
8876:
8874:
8870:
8865:
8861:
8855:
8853:
8849:
8844:
8840:
8834:
8832:
8830:
8826:
8821:
8817:
8811:
8809:
8807:
8803:
8798:
8794:
8788:
8785:
8780:
8774:
8771:
8758:
8752:
8749:
8744:
8740:
8734:
8731:
8726:
8722:
8716:
8713:
8700:
8694:
8691:
8678:
8674:
8668:
8665:
8660:
8656:
8650:
8647:
8634:
8628:
8625:
8620:
8616:
8610:
8607:
8602:
8598:
8592:
8589:
8584:
8580:
8574:
8571:
8566:
8562:
8556:
8554:
8550:
8545:
8544:dieselnet.com
8541:
8535:
8533:
8529:
8524:
8520:
8514:
8511:
8506:
8502:
8496:
8493:
8488:
8484:
8478:
8476:
8472:
8459:
8452:
8449:
8436:
8432:
8426:
8423:
8418:
8414:
8408:
8405:
8389:
8383:
8380:
8368:
8364:
8358:
8355:
8343:
8339:
8333:
8330:
8314:
8308:
8305:
8300:
8294:
8291:
8286:
8285:dieselnet.com
8282:
8276:
8274:
8270:
8265:
8261:
8254:
8251:
8234:
8227:
8224:
8219:
8215:
8208:
8205:
8200:
8196:
8190:
8187:
8174:
8170:
8166:
8160:
8157:
8144:
8140:
8134:
8131:
8118:
8117:
8112:
8102:
8100:
8096:
8083:
8077:
8075:
8071:
8056:
8052:
8046:
8044:
8042:
8038:
8026:
8025:
8020:
8010:
8008:
8004:
7991:
7985:
7983:
7979:
7966:
7960:
7957:
7944:
7934:
7931:
7918:
7912:
7909:
7897:
7893:
7887:
7884:
7872:. 1 July 2022
7871:
7867:
7861:
7858:
7845:
7839:
7836:
7831:
7825:
7822:
7817:
7811:
7808:
7800:
7793:
7787:
7784:
7776:
7769:
7763:
7760:
7747:
7743:
7737:
7734:
7726:
7720:
7717:
7709:
7708:"PEMS Weight"
7703:
7700:
7692:
7686:
7683:
7670:
7666:
7662:
7655:
7652:
7647:
7641:
7638:
7625:
7621:
7615:
7612:
7599:
7595:
7591:
7584:
7581:
7568:
7562:
7559:
7546:
7542:
7536:
7533:
7520:
7516:
7511:
7503:
7501:
7499:
7497:
7493:
7481:
7477:
7470:
7467:
7451:
7447:
7440:
7434:
7431:
7418:
7414:
7408:
7405:
7392:
7388:
7382:
7379:
7366:
7360:
7357:
7344:
7338:
7335:
7322:
7316:
7313:
7300:
7294:
7291:
7278:
7272:
7269:
7253:
7246:
7243:
7230:
7223:
7217:
7214:
7209:
7205:
7199:
7196:
7183:
7179:
7173:
7170:
7157:
7153:
7147:
7144:
7131:
7125:
7123:
7119:
7106:
7100:
7098:
7094:
7078:
7071:
7064:
7061:
7048:
7042:
7039:
7026:
7020:
7017:
7004:
6998:
6995:
6990:
6986:
6979:
6976:
6971:
6970:
6965:
6959:
6956:
6943:
6937:
6934:
6921:
6915:
6912:
6899:
6893:
6890:
6877:
6871:
6868:
6855:
6849:
6847:
6843:
6830:
6824:
6821:
6808:
6802:
6799:
6787:
6783:
6777:
6774:
6762:
6758:
6752:
6749:
6737:
6733:
6727:
6724:
6716:
6709:
6706:
6701:
6695:
6692:
6687:
6681:
6679:
6675:
6662:
6658:
6651:
6648:
6635:
6629:
6626:
6613:
6606:
6603:
6598:
6592:
6589:
6577:
6573:
6566:
6563:
6550:
6546:
6540:
6537:
6525:
6521:
6515:
6512:
6506:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6484:Type approval
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6404:
6401:
6394:
6391:
6390:
6385:
6377:
6376:series hybrid
6373:
6369:
6365:
6359:
6357:
6353:
6349:
6345:
6341:
6335:
6333:
6329:
6326:
6322:
6316:
6313:
6306:
6301:
6298:
6294:
6291:
6288:
6285:
6281:
6278:
6274:
6270:
6267:
6263:
6260:
6257:
6254:
6251:
6248:
6245:
6242:
6239:
6236:
6233:
6230:
6226:
6225:Frederiksberg
6222:
6218:
6214:
6210:
6209:Euro 5 diesel
6207:
6204:
6200:
6196:
6195:Euro 4 diesel
6193:
6191:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6178:
6174:
6170:
6166:
6162:
6158:
6154:
6150:
6146:
6142:
6141:Euro 3 diesel
6139:
6136:
6132:
6128:
6124:
6121:
6118:
6115:
6112:
6111:Euro 2 diesel
6109:
6107:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6094:
6090:
6086:
6083:
6080:
6076:
6072:
6069:
6068:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6051:
6048:
6045:
6042:
6039:
6036:
6033:
6030:
6027:
6024:
6021:
6018:
6015:
6012:
6009:
6006:
6002:
5999:
5995:
5992:
5989:
5986:
5983:
5980:
5977:
5974:
5971:
5968:
5965:
5962:
5959:
5956:
5952:
5951:
5947:
5945:
5935:
5923:
5918:
5909:
5908:
5902:
5900:
5888:
5887:
5883:
5879:
5878:
5874:
5871:
5862:
5856:
5846:
5842:
5838:
5831:
5827:
5818:
5812:
5805:
5804:
5800:
5788:
5782:
5767:
5763:
5761:
5757:
5753:
5746:
5735:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5712:
5706:
5702:
5690:
5688:
5686:
5679:
5673:
5661:
5659:
5657:
5653:
5650:(such as the
5649:
5641:
5639:
5635:
5628:
5623:
5610:
5598:
5595:
5590:
5583:
5582:
5581:
5577:
5569:
5566:
5560:
5552:
5550:
5546:
5542:
5536:
5528:
5519:
5515:
5512:
5508:
5504:
5498:
5491:
5487:
5484:In 2015, the
5482:
5478:
5469:
5460:
5451:
5443:
5440:
5439:
5428:
5421:
5419:
5412:
5410:
5408:
5404:
5396:
5394:
5392:
5381:
5369:
5364:
5355:
5354:
5348:
5346:
5342:
5340:
5335:
5333:
5329:
5325:
5324:
5315:
5308:
5305:
5302:
5299:
5296:
5293:
5292:
5288:
5285:
5282:
5279:
5276:
5273:
5272:
5268:
5265:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5253:
5252:
5248:
5245:
5241:
5235:
5232:
5229:
5226:
5225:
5214:
5211:
5208:
5205:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5194:
5191:
5188:
5185:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5174:
5171:
5168:
5165:
5162:
5159:
5158:
5154:
5151:
5148:
5145:
5142:
5139:
5138:
5134:
5131:
5128:
5125:
5122:
5119:
5118:
5114:
5111:
5108:
5105:
5102:
5099:
5098:
5094:
5091:
5088:
5085:
5082:
5079:
5078:
5074:
5071:
5067:
5061:
5058:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5047:
5031:
5028:
5020:
5010:
5006:
5002:
4996:
4995:
4991:
4986:This section
4984:
4980:
4975:
4974:
4968:
4954:
4951:
4948:
4943:
4940:
4930:
4927:
4920:
4917:
4891:
4888:
4882:
4879:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4867:
4865:
4863:
4854:
4851:
4848:
4845:
4842:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4828:
4826:
4824:
4815:
4812:
4809:
4806:
4803:
4800:
4797:
4790:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4780:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4765:
4762:
4760:October 2008
4759:
4756:
4755:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4745:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4725:October 2005
4724:
4721:
4720:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4710:
4708:
4706:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4693:
4690:
4688:October 2000
4687:
4686:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4676:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4650:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4639:
4637:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4622:
4619:
4617:October 1997
4616:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4591:
4588:
4586:October 1995
4585:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4574:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4559:
4556:
4553:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4543:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4517:
4513:
4506:
4503:
4500:
4494:
4487:
4484:
4481:
4475:
4471:
4465:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4441:
4438:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4418:
4415:
4407:
4397:
4393:
4389:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4373:This section
4371:
4367:
4362:
4361:
4355:
4341:
4339:
4337:
4335:
4333:
4331:
4329:
4325:
4320:
4310:
4307:
4304:
4301:
4298:
4295:
4292:
4289:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4272:
4269:
4266:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4252:January 2021
4251:
4249:January 2021
4248:
4245:
4244:
4234:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4208:Euro 6d-Temp
4207:
4206:
4196:
4193:
4190:
4187:
4184:
4181:
4178:
4175:
4172:
4169:
4168:
4158:
4155:
4152:
4149:
4146:
4143:
4140:
4137:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4111:
4108:
4106:January 2013
4105:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4085:
4082:
4079:
4076:
4074:January 2012
4073:
4070:
4067:
4066:
4062:
4059:
4056:
4053:
4050:
4047:
4044:
4042:January 2007
4041:
4039:January 2006
4038:
4035:
4034:
4030:
4027:
4024:
4021:
4018:
4015:
4012:
4010:January 2002
4009:
4007:January 2001
4006:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3978:October 1999
3977:
3975:January 1998
3974:
3971:
3970:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3946:October 1994
3945:
3943:October 1993
3942:
3939:
3938:
3933:
3923:
3920:
3917:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3870:
3867:
3865:January 2022
3864:
3862:January 2021
3861:
3858:
3857:
3847:
3844:
3841:
3838:
3835:
3832:
3829:
3826:
3823:
3821:Euro 6d-Temp
3820:
3819:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3788:
3785:
3782:
3781:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3713:January 2013
3712:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3701:
3698:
3695:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3683:
3681:January 2012
3680:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3649:January 2007
3648:
3646:January 2006
3645:
3642:
3641:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3628:
3625:
3622:
3619:
3617:January 2002
3616:
3614:January 2001
3613:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3585:October 1999
3584:
3582:January 1998
3581:
3578:
3577:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3553:October 1994
3552:
3550:October 1993
3549:
3546:
3545:
3540:
3536:
3533:
3529:
3522:
3518:
3512:
3509:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3494:
3482:. (Category N
3481:
3477:
3471:
3468:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3446:
3444:
3442:
3438:
3433:
3423:
3420:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3365:January 2022
3364:
3362:January 2021
3361:
3358:
3357:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3326:
3323:
3321:Euro 6d-Temp
3320:
3319:
3309:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3219:January 2013
3218:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3187:January 2012
3186:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3172:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3157:
3155:January 2007
3154:
3152:January 2006
3151:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3123:January 2002
3122:
3120:January 2001
3119:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3091:October 1998
3090:
3088:January 1998
3087:
3084:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3059:October 1994
3058:
3056:October 1993
3055:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3008:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2978:January 2022
2977:
2975:January 2021
2974:
2971:
2970:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2934:Euro 6d-Temp
2933:
2932:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2826:January 2013
2825:
2822:
2819:
2818:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2794:January 2012
2793:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2762:January 2007
2761:
2759:January 2006
2758:
2755:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2730:January 2002
2729:
2727:January 2001
2726:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2698:October 1998
2697:
2695:January 1998
2694:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2666:October 1994
2665:
2663:October 1993
2662:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2642:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2598:
2592:
2589:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2554:
2544:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2486:January 2021
2485:
2483:January 2020
2482:
2479:
2478:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2442:Euro 6d-Temp
2441:
2440:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2340:January 2013
2339:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2308:January 2011
2307:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2276:January 2006
2275:
2273:January 2005
2272:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2244:January 2001
2243:
2241:January 2000
2240:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2212:October 1997
2211:
2209:January 1997
2208:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2180:October 1994
2179:
2177:October 1993
2176:
2173:
2172:
2167:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2099:January 2021
2098:
2096:January 2020
2095:
2092:
2091:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2055:Euro 6d-Temp
2054:
2053:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1947:January 2013
1946:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1915:January 2011
1914:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1883:January 2006
1882:
1880:January 2005
1879:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1851:January 2001
1850:
1848:January 2000
1847:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1819:October 1997
1818:
1816:January 1997
1815:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1787:October 1994
1786:
1784:October 1993
1783:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1763:
1756:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1719:
1713:
1710:
1705:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1557:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1535:
1528:
1507:
1504:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1460:
1457:
1449:
1443:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1355:January 2021
1354:
1352:January 2020
1351:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1305:Euro 6d-Temp
1304:
1303:
1299:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1185:January 2013
1184:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1147:January 2011
1146:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1109:January 2006
1108:
1106:January 2005
1105:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1071:January 2001
1070:
1068:January 2000
1067:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1033:January 1997
1032:
1030:January 1996
1029:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
995:January 1993
994:
991:
988:
987:
982:
978:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
954:
951:
948:
945:
942:
939:
938:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
905:January 2021
904:
902:January 2020
901:
898:
897:
893:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
855:Euro 6d-Temp
854:
853:
849:
840:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
810:
809:
805:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
765:
761:
752:
749:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
729:January 2013
728:
725:
722:
721:
717:
714:
711:
708:
705:
702:
699:
696:
693:
691:January 2011
690:
687:
684:
683:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
661:
658:
655:
653:January 2006
652:
650:January 2005
649:
646:
645:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
615:January 2001
614:
612:January 2000
611:
608:
607:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
577:January 1997
576:
574:January 1996
573:
570:
569:
565:
562:
559:
556:
553:
550:
547:
544:
541:
539:January 1993
538:
535:
532:
531:
526:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
496:
493:
491:
488:
481:
479:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
442:
436:
433:
431:
425:
422:
416:
409:
405:
401:
393:
388:
385:
381:
380:
379:
377:
372:
366:
363:
360:
357:
354:
351:
348:
345:
340:
339:
337:
334:
329:
328:
326:
323:
318:
315:
314:
312:
309:
308:
307:
303:
294:
282:
278:
273:
264:
263:
257:
255:
252:
249:
244:
242:
237:
235:
231:
227:
226:vehicle types
223:
219:
215:
211:
206:
204:
189:
186:
178:
167:
164:
160:
157:
153:
150:
146:
143:
139:
136: –
135:
131:
130:Find sources:
124:
120:
114:
113:
108:This section
106:
102:
97:
96:
90:
88:
86:
82:
77:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
51:
46:
39:
34:
30:
19:
9332:EEA Glossary
9299:
9285:
9276:
9267:
9258:
9248:
9239:
9219:Fleet Europe
9218:
9209:
9200:
9178:
9156:
9135:
9125:
9116:
9095:
9068:
9041:
9017:
8994:
8972:midilibre.fr
8971:
8950:
8887:
8863:
8842:
8819:
8796:
8787:
8773:
8761:. Retrieved
8751:
8743:challenge.ma
8742:
8733:
8725:Pattaya Mail
8724:
8715:
8703:. Retrieved
8693:
8681:. Retrieved
8676:
8667:
8658:
8649:
8639:18 September
8637:. Retrieved
8627:
8618:
8609:
8600:
8591:
8582:
8573:
8564:
8543:
8522:
8513:
8504:
8495:
8486:
8464:18 September
8462:. Retrieved
8451:
8439:. Retrieved
8434:
8425:
8416:
8407:
8395:. Retrieved
8382:
8370:. Retrieved
8366:
8357:
8345:. Retrieved
8341:
8332:
8320:. Retrieved
8307:
8293:
8284:
8263:
8253:
8241:. Retrieved
8226:
8217:
8207:
8199:Dgabc.com.br
8198:
8189:
8177:. Retrieved
8173:the original
8159:
8147:. Retrieved
8142:
8133:
8121:. Retrieved
8114:
8086:. Retrieved
8061:. Retrieved
8028:. Retrieved
8022:
8015:"Reducing CO
7994:. Retrieved
7969:. Retrieved
7959:
7947:. Retrieved
7933:
7921:. Retrieved
7911:
7899:. Retrieved
7895:
7886:
7874:. Retrieved
7869:
7860:
7848:. Retrieved
7838:
7832:(in German).
7824:
7810:
7799:the original
7786:
7775:the original
7762:
7750:. Retrieved
7746:the original
7736:
7719:
7702:
7685:
7673:. Retrieved
7669:the original
7664:
7654:
7640:
7628:. Retrieved
7623:
7614:
7602:. Retrieved
7598:the original
7593:
7583:
7571:. Retrieved
7561:
7549:. Retrieved
7544:
7535:
7525:23 September
7523:. Retrieved
7514:
7485:21 September
7483:. Retrieved
7479:
7469:
7457:. Retrieved
7450:the original
7445:
7433:
7423:23 September
7421:. Retrieved
7416:
7407:
7395:. Retrieved
7390:
7381:
7369:. Retrieved
7359:
7349:28 September
7347:. Retrieved
7337:
7327:28 September
7325:. Retrieved
7315:
7303:. Retrieved
7293:
7281:. Retrieved
7271:
7259:. Retrieved
7245:
7233:. Retrieved
7228:
7216:
7207:
7198:
7188:26 September
7186:. Retrieved
7181:
7172:
7160:. Retrieved
7155:
7146:
7134:. Retrieved
7111:23 September
7109:. Retrieved
7086:23 September
7084:. Retrieved
7077:the original
7063:
7051:. Retrieved
7041:
7029:. Retrieved
7019:
7007:. Retrieved
6997:
6988:
6978:
6967:
6958:
6946:. Retrieved
6936:
6924:. Retrieved
6914:
6902:. Retrieved
6892:
6880:. Retrieved
6870:
6858:. Retrieved
6833:. Retrieved
6823:
6811:. Retrieved
6801:
6789:. Retrieved
6786:Auto Express
6785:
6776:
6764:. Retrieved
6760:
6751:
6739:. Retrieved
6735:
6726:
6708:
6694:
6665:. Retrieved
6660:
6650:
6638:. Retrieved
6628:
6616:. Retrieved
6605:
6591:
6579:. Retrieved
6575:
6565:
6553:. Retrieved
6548:
6539:
6527:. Retrieved
6523:
6514:
6364:mild hybrids
6315:
6234:
6208:
6194:
6185:
6140:
6122:
6116:
6110:
6101:
6084:
6070:
5942:
5929:
5921:
5889:
5885:
5884:
5880:
5876:
5875:
5869:
5860:
5854:
5844:
5840:
5836:
5829:
5825:
5816:
5810:
5806:
5802:
5801:
5789:
5778:
5743:
5732:
5729:
5713:
5705:fuel economy
5696:
5694:
5675:
5645:
5633:
5624:
5608:
5602:
5588:
5575:
5570:
5558:
5553:
5549:NOx adsorber
5534:
5524:
5496:
5483:
5476:
5467:
5458:
5449:
5444:
5436:
5433:
5416:
5400:
5388:
5375:
5367:
5343:
5336:
5321:
5319:
5239:
5065:
5023:
5014:
4999:Please help
4987:
4953:
4942:
4929:
4919:
4890:
4881:
4654:
4521:
4469:
4439:
4435:
4432:
4425:
4410:
4401:
4386:Please help
4374:
3527:
3516:
3469:
3467:
2640:
2629:
2590:
2588:
1761:
1750:
1711:
1709:
1569:NMHC (g/km)
1555:
1532:
1506:
1459:
1442:
1013:0.97 (1.13)
998:2.72 (3.16)
560:0.14 (0.18)
557:0.97 (1.13)
542:2.72 (3.16)
502:
486:
434:
426:
414:
397:
373:
370:
364:
358:
352:
346:
335:
324:
310:
304:
301:
288:
276:
253:
245:
238:
202:
196:
181:
172:
162:
155:
148:
141:
129:
117:Please help
112:verification
109:
85:particulates
78:
57:
55:
49:
37:
29:
9344:Dieselnet:
9201:MotorpasiĂłn
9117:www.adac.de
8888:MotorpasiĂłn
8843:www.adac.de
8763:18 December
8705:19 December
8683:19 December
8583:VietnamPlus
8441:18 December
8264:16 Valvulas
8179:22 December
7752:22 December
7594:ClientEarth
7305:28 February
7283:30 December
7261:17 February
7257:. p. 7
7162:17 November
6667:22 December
6372:full hybrid
6340:natural gas
6321:natural gas
6299:(nonlocal).
5955:Proconve P7
5676:Within the
5565:dynomometer
382:Commission
248:harmonising
9360:Categories
9018:Franceinfo
8820:gis.uba.de
8619:Autocosmos
8487:t21.com.mx
8417:Motor1.com
8372:8 February
8347:8 February
8322:6 February
8218:La Tercera
8149:12 January
7971:2 February
7949:2 February
7675:7 November
7630:30 October
7604:30 October
7573:30 October
7551:29 October
7459:2 February
7397:13 October
7235:20 October
7136:29 October
7053:2 February
7031:2 February
7009:2 February
6904:2 February
6882:2 February
6860:2 February
6835:2 February
6813:2 February
6661:Fleet News
6524:Stratstone
6507:References
6399:emissions)
6221:Copenhagen
6173:Strasbourg
6161:Grand Lyon
6102:Euro 1 gas
5932:April 2021
5670:See also:
5407:cold start
5143:1999–2005
4456:Test cycle
1566:PM (g/km)
1563:HC (g/km)
1549:CO (g/km)
992:July 1992
536:July 1992
430:alternator
291:March 2024
234:test cycle
175:March 2024
145:newspapers
91:Background
8505:The Hindu
7850:18 August
6948:15 August
6529:4 October
6403:AIR Index
6277:Edinburgh
6203:Stuttgart
6197:– Ghent,
6153:The Hague
6145:Amsterdam
5666:emissions
5320:The term
5227:Standard
5140:Euro III
5053:Standard
5017:July 2022
4988:does not
4648:Euro III
4404:July 2022
4375:does not
1616:Euro III
1543:Standard
220:(CO) and
9277:TF1 INFO
9240:Motorway
8951:TF1 INFO
8239:. Brazil
7896:Statista
7519:Archived
6791:10 March
6766:10 March
6741:10 March
6581:3 August
6386:See also
6378:version.
6273:Aberdeen
6177:Toulouse
6135:Zaragoza
6106:Piedmont
6097:Brussels
5654:and the
5328:off-road
5297:1995–99
5294:Euro II
5277:1992–95
5257:1988–92
5203:2012–19
5200:Euro VI
5183:2008–12
5163:2005–08
5160:Euro IV
5123:1995–99
5120:Euro II
5103:1992–95
5083:1988–92
4849:10(ppm)
4810:10(ppm)
4792:Euro VI
4722:Euro IV
4583:Euro II
4522:ECE R49
4507:Brake PM
4284:Euro 6e
4246:Euro 6d
4170:Euro 6c
4132:Euro 6b
4100:Euro 5b
4068:Euro 5a
3897:Euro 6e
3859:Euro 6d
3783:Euro 6c
3745:Euro 6b
3707:Euro 5b
3675:Euro 5a
3490:), g/km
3397:Euro 6e
3359:Euro 6d
3283:Euro 6c
3245:Euro 6b
3213:Euro 5b
3181:Euro 5a
3010:Euro 6e
2972:Euro 6d
2896:Euro 6c
2858:Euro 6b
2820:Euro 5b
2788:Euro 5a
2518:Euro 6e
2480:Euro 6d
2404:Euro 6c
2366:Euro 6b
2334:Euro 5b
2302:Euro 5a
2131:Euro 6e
2093:Euro 6d
2017:Euro 6c
1979:Euro 6b
1941:Euro 5b
1909:Euro 5a
1681:Euro V+
1637:Euro IV
1595:Euro II
1393:Euro 6e
1349:Euro 6d
1261:Euro 6c
1217:Euro 6b
1179:Euro 5b
1141:Euro 5a
940:Euro 6e
899:Euro 6d
811:Euro 6c
767:Euro 6b
723:Euro 5b
685:Euro 5a
520:Brake PM
313:(1992):
216:(NMHC),
83:such as
8397:24 July
8243:22 July
8143:Reuters
8123:23 June
8088:23 June
8063:23 June
8030:23 June
7996:22 June
7923:24 July
7901:24 July
7876:31 July
7371:7 March
6969:Reuters
6640:28 July
6618:28 July
6555:25 July
6297:Granada
6213:Aalborg
6190:Glasgow
6157:Utrecht
6093:Antwerp
6079:Germany
6075:Neu-Ulm
5922:updated
5877:Pooling
5368:updated
5274:Euro I
5254:Euro 0
5180:Euro V
5100:Euro I
5080:Euro 0
5009:removed
4994:sources
4914:limits.
4757:Euro V
4515:Euro I
4504:Smoke
4396:removed
4381:sources
4308:0.0045
4270:0.0045
4232:0.0045
4194:0.0045
4156:0.0045
4124:0.0045
4036:Euro 4
4004:Euro 3
3972:Euro 2
3940:Euro 1
3935:Petrol
3921:0.0045
3883:0.0045
3845:0.0045
3807:0.0045
3769:0.0045
3731:0.0045
3643:Euro 4
3611:Euro 3
3579:Euro 2
3547:Euro 1
3542:Diesel
3421:0.0045
3383:0.0045
3345:0.0045
3307:0.0045
3269:0.0045
3237:0.0045
3149:Euro 4
3117:Euro 3
3085:Euro 2
3053:Euro 1
3048:Petrol
3034:0.0045
2996:0.0045
2958:0.0045
2920:0.0045
2882:0.0045
2844:0.0045
2756:Euro 4
2724:Euro 3
2692:Euro 2
2660:Euro 1
2655:Diesel
2542:0.0045
2504:0.0045
2466:0.0045
2428:0.0045
2390:0.0045
2358:0.0045
2270:Euro 4
2238:Euro 3
2206:Euro 2
2174:Euro 1
2169:Petrol
2155:0.0045
2117:0.0045
2079:0.0045
2041:0.0045
2003:0.0045
1965:0.0045
1877:Euro 4
1845:Euro 3
1813:Euro 2
1781:Euro 1
1776:Diesel
1696:0.0045
1673:0.0045
1658:Euro V
1574:Euro I
1560:(g/km)
1454:Class I
1420:0.0045
1376:0.0045
1332:0.0045
1288:0.0045
1244:0.0045
1206:0.0045
1103:Euro 4
1065:Euro 3
1027:Euro 2
989:Euro 1
984:Petrol
967:0.0045
926:0.0045
882:0.0045
838:0.0045
794:0.0045
750:0.0045
647:Euro 4
609:Euro 3
571:Euro 2
533:Euro 1
528:Diesel
277:updated
212:(THC),
159:scholar
18:Euro II
7547:. 2015
6926:1 June
6549:Unbate
6424:EN 590
6284:Nantes
6266:Dundee
6229:Odense
6227:, and
6217:Aarhus
6201:, and
6199:Munich
6149:Arnhem
6127:Madrid
6123:Euro 2
6005:ECOWAS
5707:and CO
5627:Which?
5505:, and
4537:0.612
4302:0.082
4299:0.108
4296:0.160
4293:2.270
4264:0.082
4261:0.108
4258:0.160
4255:2.270
4226:0.082
4223:0.108
4220:0.160
4217:2.270
4188:0.082
4185:0.108
4182:0.160
4179:2.270
4150:0.082
4147:0.108
4144:0.160
4141:2.270
4118:0.082
4115:0.108
4112:0.160
4109:2.270
4092:0.005
4086:0.082
4083:0.108
4080:0.160
4077:2.270
3918:0.215
3915:0.125
3906:0.740
3880:0.215
3877:0.125
3868:0.740
3842:0.215
3839:0.125
3830:0.740
3804:0.215
3801:0.125
3792:0.740
3766:0.215
3763:0.125
3754:0.740
3728:0.350
3725:0.280
3716:0.740
3699:0.005
3696:0.350
3693:0.280
3684:0.740
3415:0.075
3412:0.090
3409:0.130
3406:1.810
3377:0.075
3374:0.090
3371:0.130
3368:1.810
3339:0.075
3336:0.090
3333:0.130
3330:1.810
3301:0.075
3298:0.090
3295:0.130
3292:1.810
3263:0.075
3260:0.090
3257:0.130
3254:1.810
3231:0.075
3228:0.090
3225:0.130
3222:1.810
3205:0.005
3199:0.075
3196:0.090
3193:0.130
3190:1.810
3161:0.130
3031:0.195
3028:0.105
3019:0.630
2993:0.195
2990:0.105
2981:0.630
2955:0.195
2952:0.105
2943:0.630
2917:0.195
2914:0.105
2905:0.630
2879:0.195
2876:0.105
2867:0.630
2841:0.295
2838:0.235
2829:0.630
2812:0.005
2809:0.295
2806:0.235
2797:0.630
2536:0.060
2533:0.068
2530:0.100
2527:1.000
2498:0.060
2495:0.068
2492:0.100
2489:1.000
2460:0.060
2457:0.068
2454:0.100
2451:1.000
2422:0.060
2419:0.068
2416:0.100
2413:1.000
2384:0.060
2381:0.068
2378:0.100
2375:1.000
2352:0.060
2349:0.068
2346:0.100
2343:1.000
2326:0.005
2320:0.060
2317:0.068
2314:0.100
2311:1.000
2152:0.170
2149:0.080
2140:0.500
2114:0.170
2111:0.080
2102:0.500
2076:0.170
2073:0.080
2064:0.500
2038:0.170
2035:0.080
2026:0.500
2000:0.170
1997:0.080
1988:0.500
1962:0.230
1959:0.180
1950:0.500
1933:0.005
1930:0.230
1927:0.180
1918:0.500
1901:0.025
1699:0.068
1676:0.068
1414:0.060
1408:0.068
1370:0.060
1364:0.068
1326:0.060
1320:0.068
1282:0.060
1276:0.068
1238:0.060
1232:0.068
1200:0.060
1194:0.068
1168:0.005
1162:0.060
1156:0.068
1124:0.080
1086:0.150
964:0.170
961:0.080
923:0.170
920:0.080
879:0.170
876:0.080
835:0.170
832:0.080
791:0.170
788:0.080
747:0.230
744:0.180
712:0.005
709:0.230
706:0.180
674:0.025
668:0.250
630:0.500
365:Euro 7
359:Euro 6
353:Euro 5
347:Euro 4
336:Euro 3
325:Euro 2
311:Euro 1
230:barges
161:
154:
147:
140:
132:
50:petrol
38:diesel
8797:Drive
8391:(PDF)
8316:(PDF)
8237:(PDF)
8058:(PDF)
7802:(PDF)
7795:(PDF)
7778:(PDF)
7771:(PDF)
7728:(PDF)
7711:(PDF)
7694:(PDF)
7453:(PDF)
7442:(PDF)
7255:(PDF)
7225:(PDF)
7080:(PDF)
7073:(PDF)
6718:(PDF)
6348:HICEV
6346:, or
6307:Notes
6169:Rouen
6089:Ghent
5998:BS VI
5309:0.15
5289:0.36
5263:14.4
5260:11.2
5230:Date
5215:0.01
5212:0.36
5195:0.02
5192:0.46
5175:0.02
5172:0.46
5152:0.66
5135:0.15
5115:0.40
5112:1.23
5089:15.8
5086:12.3
5056:Date
4852:0.01
4846:0.46
4843:0.16
4837:WHTC
4813:0.01
4804:0.13
4798:WHSC
4774:0.02
4766:0.46
4739:0.02
4731:0.46
4704:0.13
4702:0.10
4694:0.66
4681:0.15
4670:0.02
4662:0.25
4631:0.15
4600:0.25
4568:0.36
4501:HCHO
4452:Date
4449:Tier
4054:0.11
4048:0.16
4045:2.27
4022:0.21
4016:0.29
4013:5.22
3667:0.06
3664:0.46
3661:0.39
3652:0.74
3635:0.10
3632:0.86
3629:0.78
3620:0.95
3603:0.17
3571:0.25
3510:NMHC
3495:Tier
3167:0.10
3158:1.81
3135:0.18
3129:0.25
3126:4.17
3062:5.17
2780:0.04
2777:0.39
2774:0.33
2765:0.63
2748:0.07
2745:0.72
2742:0.65
2733:0.80
2716:0.12
2701:1.25
2684:0.19
2669:5.17
2623:NMHC
2608:Tier
2288:0.08
2282:0.10
2256:0.15
2250:0.20
2195:0.97
2183:2.72
1898:0.30
1895:0.25
1886:0.50
1869:0.05
1866:0.56
1863:0.50
1854:0.64
1837:0.08
1805:0.14
1802:0.97
1790:2.72
1744:NMHC
1729:Tier
1693:0.10
1690:0.06
1687:1.00
1684:2024
1670:0.10
1667:0.06
1664:1.00
1661:2020
1649:0.17
1646:0.09
1643:1.14
1640:2016
1625:0.15
1619:2006
1598:2003
1580:13.0
1577:1999
1546:Date
1405:0.10
1361:0.10
1317:0.10
1273:0.10
1229:0.10
1191:0.10
1153:0.10
1115:0.10
1077:0.20
949:0.50
908:0.50
864:0.50
820:0.50
776:0.50
732:0.50
694:0.50
671:0.30
656:0.50
636:0.05
633:0.56
618:0.66
598:0.08
448:Tier
166:JSTOR
152:books
8765:2023
8707:2023
8685:2023
8641:2022
8523:UNEP
8466:2022
8443:2023
8399:2022
8374:2023
8349:2023
8324:2019
8245:2022
8181:2011
8151:2023
8125:2020
8090:2020
8065:2020
8032:2020
7998:2020
7973:2011
7951:2011
7925:2022
7903:2022
7878:2022
7852:2018
7754:2015
7677:2015
7632:2015
7606:2015
7575:2015
7553:2015
7527:2015
7487:2015
7461:2011
7425:2015
7399:2015
7373:2019
7351:2015
7329:2015
7307:2015
7285:2018
7263:2023
7237:2021
7190:2021
7164:2015
7138:2015
7113:2015
7088:2015
7055:2011
7033:2011
7011:2011
6950:2019
6928:2012
6906:2011
6884:2011
6862:2011
6837:2011
6815:2011
6793:2024
6768:2024
6743:2024
6669:2023
6663:. UK
6642:2022
6620:2022
6583:2024
6557:2022
6531:2021
6368:PHEV
6275:and
6133:and
6060:Bans
5758:and
5545:ICCT
5541:ADAC
5511:Audi
5507:Opel
5306:1.1
5303:7.0
5300:4.0
5286:1.1
5283:8.0
5280:4.5
5266:2.4
5209:1.2
5206:1.0
5189:2.0
5186:1.5
5169:3.5
5166:1.5
5155:0.1
5149:5.0
5146:2.1
5132:1.1
5129:7.0
5126:4.0
5109:9.0
5106:4.9
5092:2.6
4992:any
4990:cite
4840:4.0
4807:0.4
4801:1.5
4785:0.5
4769:2.0
4763:1.5
4750:0.5
4734:3.5
4728:1.5
4715:0.8
4697:5.0
4691:2.1
4665:2.0
4659:1.5
4626:7.0
4623:1.1
4620:4.0
4595:7.0
4592:1.1
4589:4.0
4563:8.0
4560:1.1
4557:4.5
4532:8.0
4529:1.1
4526:4.5
4485:PN
4379:any
4377:cite
3993:0.7
3981:5.0
3961:1.7
3949:6.9
3600:1.2
3588:1.5
3568:1.7
3556:6.9
3537:PN
3507:THC
3106:0.6
3094:4.0
3074:1.4
2713:1.0
2681:1.4
2650:PN
2620:THC
2279:1.0
2247:2.3
2227:0.5
2215:2.2
1834:0.7
1822:1.0
1771:PN
1741:THC
1628:0.3
1622:2.0
1607:1.0
1604:0.3
1601:5.5
1586:3.0
1583:0.3
1402:1.0
1358:1.0
1314:1.0
1270:1.0
1226:1.0
1188:1.0
1150:1.0
1112:1.0
1074:2.3
1051:0.5
1036:2.2
595:0.7
580:1.0
468:NMHC
402:and
138:news
68:and
60:are
56:The
40:cars
8107:"CO
6374:or
6344:LPG
6325:LPG
6323:or
5839:Ă— (
5760:EEA
5503:BMW
5269:NA
5249:PM
5246:HC
5233:CO
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3504:CO
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