65:
436:
empress dowager. Xiaosu pointed out that she was the mother of the emperor while Qian was childless, while Qian demanded the title pointing to her loyalty to the late emperor, whose house arrest she had shared. The emperor was unable to solve the conflict to the satisfaction of both parties, but granted the title of empress dowager to both, though Qian's formal title acknowledged her higher rank and precedence in court proceedings.
435:
Empress Qian had no children, and when the
Zhengtong Emperor died in 1464, he was succeeded by the Chenghua Emperor. She became involved in a conflict with Empress Xiaosu, the biological mother of the new emperor. As the mother of the emperor, Empress Xiaosu demanded the same title as Qian: that of
1274:
1254:
388:
promptly raised. The ransom was rejected in favour of holding on to the
Zhengtong Emperor as hostage, which prompted the court to assign him the status of
887:
1336:
1290:
1262:
1258:
1072:
767:
Twitchett, Denis C. (1988). "The Cheng-tung, Ching-t'ai, and T'ien-shun Reigns, 1436-1464". In
Frederick W. Mote; Denis C. Twitchett (eds.).
1250:
1346:
1120:
896:
1341:
1125:
1246:
784:
757:
72:
1351:
1331:
1190:
740:
Mote, Frederick W. (1988). "The Ch'eng-hua and Hung-chih Reigns, 1465-1505". In
Frederick W. Mote; Denis C. Twitchett (eds.).
1286:
1238:
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305:
64:
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1037:
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1242:
1150:
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1009:
984:
954:
934:
397:
102:
806:
771:. The Cambridge History of China. Vol. 7. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 305–342.
744:. The Cambridge History of China. Vol. 7. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 343–402.
525:
specifically stated that she should only be buried next to him, 'after a thousand years of long life.'
1326:
1321:
1195:
1185:
924:
823:
1218:
919:
964:
857:
132:
780:
753:
702:
458:
419:
in 1452, he was sent to live with
Empress Qian in conditions of physical hardship. In 1457, a
369:
356:
There is no record of
Empress Qian's birth name, other than that she was a member of the clan
327:
772:
745:
494:
412:
361:
470:
393:
235:
32:
720:
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1082:
446:
389:
37:
1315:
1210:
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1024:
17:
1177:
1142:
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1032:
994:
959:
939:
911:
840:
716:
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323:
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28:
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411:
in a guarded section of the
Imperial City. When her spouse's only son, the future
1067:
944:
865:
385:
381:
223:
153:
92:
1004:
776:
518:
517:
Empress
Dowager Qian died on 26 June 1468, and was interred at Yu ling in the
183:
396:
emperor. Empress Qian was moved from the court to a separate palace to allow
404:
266:
313:
322:; 1426 – 15 July 1468) was a Chinese empress consort during the
869:
723:[History of Ming, Volume 113, Historical Biography 1].
504:
Empress Xiàozhuāng Xiànmù Hónghuì Xiǎnrén Gōngtiān Qīnshèng Ruì
372:
on 8 June 1442, and became his primary consort and empress.
384:
and his captors demanded a ransom, which
Empress Qian and
403:
When her spouse was returned by the
Mongols, arriving in
380:
In 1449, the Zhengtong Emperor was captured after the
697:
Carington, Goodrich L.; Fang, Chaoying, eds. (1976).
635:
633:
701:. Vol. 2. New York: Columbia University Press.
407:
on 19 September 1450, Empress Qian joined him under
1209:
1176:
1141:
1111:
1053:
1023:
910:
500:
Empress Dowager Ciyi (慈懿皇太后; from 28 February 1464)
427:, reinstating Empress Qian as the empress consort.
283:
275:
265:
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190:
176:
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142:
138:
128:
118:
108:
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88:
78:
71:
49:
423:put her spouse back on the imperial throne as the
881:
651:
53:
8:
888:
874:
866:
793:
63:
46:
669:History of Ming Dynasty (Part I): 二十四史 明史
624:
588:
576:
564:
552:
540:
245:Xiànmù Hónghuì Xiǎnrén Gōngtiān Qīnshèng
699:Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368-1644
533:
211: 1442; died 1464)
681:
662:
660:
400:to take the title of empress consort.
219:
170:Chenghua 4, 26th day of the 6th month
7:
639:
612:
600:
330:. She was addressed posthumously as
769:The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1
742:The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1
113:11 February 1457 – 23 February 1464
73:Empress consort of the Ming dynasty
44:Empress consort of the Ming dynasty
25:
476:Empress Emerita (太上皇后; from 1449)
208:
83:8 June 1442 – 22 September 1449
1337:Ming dynasty empresses dowager
519:Ming tomb complex near Beijing
344:
339:
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318:
309:
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1:
1275:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
897:Empresses of the Ming dynasty
750:10.1017/CHOL9780521243322.008
506:(孝莊獻穆弘惠顯仁恭天欽聖睿皇后; from 1468)
230:Empress Dowager Ciyi (慈懿皇太后)
1347:15th-century Chinese people
1151:Grand Empress Dowager Zhang
727:(in Chinese). Lishi Chunqiu
684:. 英宗大漸，遺命曰：“錢皇后千秋萬歲後，與朕同葬。”
652:Carington & Fang (1976)
338:; traditional Chinese:
1368:
1342:15th-century Chinese women
1161:Grand Empress Dowager Wang
1156:Grand Empress Dowager Zhou
392:and name his half-brother
26:
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777:10.1017/CHOL9780521243322
671:. DeepLogic. p. 212.
521:on 4 September 1468. The
452:Lady Qian (錢氏; from 1426)
365:
334:(simplified Chinese:
241:
229:
218:
62:
54:
1201:Empress Dowager Xiaochun
848:Empress consort of China
814:Empress consort of China
493:During the reign of the
481:During the reign of the
469:During the reign of the
457:During the reign of the
445:During the reign of the
1352:People from Lianyungang
1136:Grand empresses dowager
488:Empress (皇后; from 1457)
464:Empress (皇后; from 1442)
1332:Ming dynasty empresses
345:Xiàozhuāngruì huánghòu
1093:Empress Dowager Zhang
1063:Empress Dowager Zhang
807:Empress Xiaogongzhang
332:Empress Xiaozhuangrui
152:Haizhou (present-day
93:Empress Xiaogongzhang
50:Empress Xiaozhuangrui
18:Empress Xiaozhuangrui
1196:Empress Xiaoyuanzhen
1191:Empress Dowager Wang
1186:Empress Xiaoyizhuang
1171:Posthumous empresses
1121:Empress Dowager Wang
1098:Empress Dowager Chen
1088:Empress Dowager Wang
1083:Empress Dowager Zhou
1078:Empress Dowager Qian
824:Empress Xiaoyuanjing
1219:Noble Consort Zheng
1068:Empress Dowager Sun
368:). She married the
306:traditional Chinese
1126:Empress Dowager Ma
1103:Empress Dowager Li
1073:Empress Dowager Wu
298:simplified Chinese
243:Empress Xiàozhuāng
1309:
1308:
1048:Empresses dowager
905:Empresses consort
864:
863:
855:Succeeded by
821:Succeeded by
459:Zhengtong Emperor
415:, was deposed as
386:her mother-in-law
370:Zhengtong Emperor
328:Zhengtong Emperor
326:, married to the
291:
290:
261:
260:
168:(aged 41–42)
16:(Redirected from
1359:
890:
883:
876:
867:
838:Preceded by
804:Preceded by
794:
790:
763:
736:
734:
732:
725:Lishichunqiu Net
721:"《明史》卷一百十三 列传第一"
712:
685:
679:
673:
672:
664:
655:
649:
643:
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625:Twitchett (1988)
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565:Twitchett (1988)
562:
556:
553:Twitchett (1988)
550:
544:
541:Twitchett (1988)
538:
523:Tianshun Emperor
495:Chenghua Emperor
485:(r. 1457–1464):
483:Tianshun Emperor
473:(r. 1449–1457):
461:(r. 1435–1449):
449:(r. 1425–1435):
425:Tianshun Emperor
413:Chenghua Emperor
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346:
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184:Yuling Mausoleum
181:4 September 1468
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894:
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843:
832:Chinese royalty
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817:
809:
798:Chinese royalty
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766:
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739:
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709:
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583:
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535:
531:
515:
497:(r. 1464–1487)
471:Jingtai Emperor
442:
433:
431:Empress dowager
390:retired emperor
378:
354:
236:Posthumous name
214:
206:
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199:
186:
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841:Empress Suxiao
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719:, ed. (1739).
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642:, p. 346.
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627:, p. 339.
617:
615:, p. 345.
605:
603:, p. 344.
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447:Xuande Emperor
441:
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382:Battle of Tumu
377:
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353:
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342:; pinyin:
289:
288:
287:Lady Chen (陳氏)
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1211:Southern Ming
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1199:
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1016:
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1010:Empress Zhang
1008:
1006:
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1001:
998:
996:
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990:Empress Zhang
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978:
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975:Empress Zhang
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935:Empress Zhang
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786:9781139054751
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759:9781139054751
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717:Tingyu, Zhang
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710:
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695:
694:
690:
683:
682:Tingyu (1739)
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417:heir apparent
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279:Qian Gui (錢貴)
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109:Second tenure
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40:
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1263:N. Dynasties
1259:S. Dynasties
1077:
1038:Empress Wang
1033:Empress Zeng
1015:Empress Zhou
1000:Empress Chen
995:Empress Fang
985:Empress Chen
970:Empress Wang
960:Empress Hang
955:Empress Wang
950:Empress Qian
949:
940:Hu Shanxiang
846:
812:
768:
741:
729:. Retrieved
724:
698:
677:
668:
647:
620:
608:
596:
584:
572:
560:
548:
536:
516:
503:
434:
409:house arrest
402:
398:Empress Wang
379:
357:
355:
343:
331:
324:Ming dynasty
317:
294:Empress Qian
293:
292:
254:
250:
246:
242:
172:(成化四年六月二十六日)
166:(1468-07-15)
164:15 July 1468
103:Empress Wang
79:First tenure
36:
29:Chinese name
1327:1468 deaths
1322:1426 births
1255:16 Kingdoms
980:Empress Xia
945:Empress Sun
640:Mote (1988)
613:Mote (1988)
601:Mote (1988)
421:coup-d'etat
224:Regnal name
154:Lianyungang
119:Predecessor
89:Predecessor
33:family name
1316:Categories
1247:3 Kingdoms
1005:Wang Xijie
965:Empress Wu
930:Empress Xu
925:Empress Ma
920:Empress Ma
858:Empress Wu
852:1457–1464
818:1442–1449
731:5 February
708:023103833X
529:References
352:Early life
253:獻穆弘惠顯仁恭天欽聖
133:Empress Wu
129:Successor
99:Successor
667:Li Shi.
394:Zhu Qiyu
271:Qian (錢)
148:Xuande 1
27:In this
691:Sources
405:Beijing
376:Empress
362:Chinese
213:
205:
201:
1287:W. Xia
1229:Xia →
783:
756:
705:
440:Titles
364::
316::
314:pinyin
308::
300::
284:Mother
276:Father
191:Spouse
177:Burial
150:(宣德元年)
31:, the
1231:Shang
513:Death
340:孝莊睿皇后
336:孝庄睿皇后
207:(
203:
55:孝莊睿皇后
1303:Qing
1299:Ming
1295:Yuan
1283:Song
1279:Liao
1271:Tang
1235:Zhou
1178:Ming
1143:Ming
1055:Ming
912:Ming
781:ISBN
754:ISBN
733:2017
703:ISBN
358:Qian
267:Clan
161:Died
146:1426
143:Born
38:Qian
1291:Jīn
1267:Sui
1251:Jìn
1243:Han
1239:Qin
773:doi
746:doi
310:錢皇后
302:钱皇后
255:睿皇后
247:Ruì
35:is
1318::
1301:→
1297:→
1293:→
1289:/
1285:/
1281:/
1277:→
1273:→
1269:→
1265:→
1261:/
1257:→
1253:/
1249:→
1245:→
1241:→
1237:→
1233:→
779:.
752:.
659:^
632:^
348:)
312:;
304:;
251:孝莊
209:m.
889:e
882:t
875:v
789:.
775::
762:.
748::
735:.
711:.
654:.
366:錢
360:(
296:(
257:)
249:(
156:)
41:.
20:)
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