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499:, graduating in 1935; at which time Candela traveled to Germany to further study architecture. Early after he started classes, he developed a very keen sense of geometry and started teaching other students in private lessons. In his junior year, his visual intelligence and his descriptive geometric and trigonometric talent helped him catch the eye of Luis Vegas. Vegas was his material strength professor, and gave Candela the honorary title of "Luis Vegas’ Helper". While "helping" Vegas, Candela entered many architecture competitions and won most of them. Unlike many of his peers, Candela did not show intellectual or aesthetic efforts in school. He did not even like pure mathematics. When Candela was a student in Madrid, the schools taught the
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the civil war, Candela was imprisoned in the
Perpignan Concentration camp in Perpignan, France until the end of the war in 1939. Candela had fought against Franco; therefore he could not stay in the new Spain as long as Franco was the head of state. After his name was selected with a few hundred other prisoners, Candela was put onto a ship bound for Mexico, where he would start his career. He landed in
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used in 1955. Luckily for
Candela, ₱20,300,000 (pesos) of this funding was to go towards public works. Candela also benefited from the budget implemented by Ruiz Cortines in the area of education. Candela became a professor in Mexico, which is what he did for the remainder of his career. Felix moved to the United States and taught at University of Illinois at Chicago from 1971 to 1978.
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Félix
Candela worked as an architect upon his arrival in Mexico until 1949 when he started to engineer many concrete structures utilizing his well-known thin-shell design. Candela did most of his work in Mexico throughout the 1950s and into the late 60s. He was responsible for more than 300 works and
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in
America. Around 1950 when Candela's company went to design laminar structures, he started researching journals and engineering articles for as much information as he could find. From this, he started questioning the behaviour of reinforced concrete with the elastic assumptions and concluded they
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His studies ended very quickly when the
Spanish civil war began in 1936. When Candela returned to Spain to fight, he sided with the republic and fought against Franco. Candela became a Captain of Engineers for the Spanish republic after a short period of time. Unfortunately, while participating in
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said "Nothing could be more serious than to sit in the shade of the buildings we are about to build," foreshadowing the many construction projects to come. Ruiz
Cortines came up with a budget to enable his construction declaration to come true, requesting ₱81,200,000 (pesos) more funding than was
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in the concrete. He also looked to solve problems by the simplest means possible. In regard to shell design, he tended to rely on the geometric properties of the shell for analysis, instead of complex mathematical means and he followed the works of
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522:, he was drawn to experiment on a series of residential and commercial shell-shaped structures since the beginning of his career. Candela evaluated both the artistic and the cost-saving aspects of this kind of
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Candela worked very hard during his lifetime to prove the real nature and potential reinforced concrete had in structural engineering. Reinforced concrete is extremely efficient in a
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900 projects in this time period. Many of his larger projects were given to him by the
Mexican government, such as the Cosmic Rays Pavilion. In 1956, Mexican President
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Candela married Eladia Martin when he moved to Mexico from Spain; there, they raised a family. In his early life, Felix was active in sports, particularly
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660:; 1959 San Vicente de Paul, 1963 Santa Monica Lopez of Carmona; all with Enrique de La Mora y Palomar and Fernando Lopez Carmona
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Candela's drawings, correspondence, personal and professional papers, and writings are held in the permanent collection of the
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1962-3, Church of Our Lady of
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Candela was hired as a
Professor of Architecture at the university's Chicago Circle campus (now
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1959, Capilla de
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La Escuela Superior de Arquitectura (Madrid Superior Technical School of Architecture)
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PhD thesis. del Blanco García, Federico Luis (2017). E.T.S. Arquitectura (UPM).
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1962, Aula Magna at The Anglo Mexican Foundation, with Enrique de La Mora
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where Candela assisted the professors and even tutored other students.
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Félix Candela between philosophy and engineering: the meaning of shape
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and Anáhuac, Mexico City with Pedro Ramirez Vàzquez and Rafael Mijares
446:. Candela's major contribution to architecture was the development of
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Gold Medal, Augusto Perret prize of the Architects International Union
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842:"Felix Candela and Fernando Higueras: back to the umbrella geometry"
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1954-1955 Fábrica Celestino Fernández, Colonia Vallejo, Mexico City
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1951, Pabellón de Rayos Cósmicos ("Pavilion of Cosmic Rays"),
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Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library, Columbia University
924:"Felix Candela, the architect who showcased concrete's curves"
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1952, Almacenes de las Aduanas (customs warehouses), Pantaco,
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1951, Pabellón de Rayos Cósmicos ("Pavilion of Cosmic Rays"),
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Félix Candela, Pier Luigi Nervi and formalism in architecture
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Félix Candela. La grande arte della modellazione strutturale
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He is known for his significant role in the development of
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Félix Candela architectural records and papers, 1950-1984
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Félix Candel, 064-01 Faculty and Alumni Biography Files,
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1966, Parroquia del Señor del Campo Florido, Mexico City
596:) on September 1, 1971, a position he held until 1978.
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At the end of his career he worked with the architect
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La forma e la struttura. Félix Candela, gli scritti
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University of Illinois at Chicago Circle: 1971-1978
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46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1040:Held by the Department of Drawings & Archives
810:"Muere a los 87 años el arquitecto Félix Candela"
1059:Palmira Chapel – Felix Candela in Frame and Form
883:"Reconstructing Pérez Piñero's Anoeta Velodrome"
652:Churches in Mexico City: 1955 El Atillo church,
130: and the second or maternal family name is
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566:are in total disagreement with each other. (
495:, Spain in 1910. In 1927 Candela enrolled in
431:who was born in Madrid and at the age of 26,
420:; January 27, 1910 – December 7, 1997) was a
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1025:, «Casabella», 821, January, 2013, pp. 56-65
630:Iglesia de la Medalla de la Virgen Milagrosa
1098:The non-built architecture of Felix Candela
1014:Massimiliano Savorra, Giovanni Fabbrocino,
696:, Mexico City, with Joaquín Álvarez Ordonez
549:or shell like shape. This shape eliminates
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747:, with A. Peyri and E. Castañeda Tamborell
674:1956-1957 Nightclub La Jacaranda, Acapulco
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881:Del Blanco García, Federico Luis (2022).
786:Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1549:Mexican expatriates in the United States
616:National Autonomous University of Mexico
310:National Autonomous University of Mexico
1529:Polytechnic University of Madrid alumni
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649:1955-1956 Quiosco de Música, Santa Fe.
782:Department of Drawings & Archives
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44:adding citations to reliable sources
958:, University of Illinois at Chicago
656:; 1955 San Antonio de las Huertas,
625:, Mexico City, with Carlos Recamier
258:Institution of Structural Engineers
1064:Félix Candela Costruttore di sogni
699:1958, Chapel Lomas de Cuernavaca,
417:[ˈfeliɣskanˈdelaowteˈɾiɲo]
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594:University of Illinois at Chicago
268:Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències
1071:Felix Candela, Builder of Dreams
990:. New York: Reinhold Publishing.
970:Felix Candela, Builder of Dreams
936:from the original on May 4, 2019
706:1959-1960, Planta embotelladora
608:Felix Candela, Builder of Dreams
435:, acquiring double nationality.
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1539:20th-century Spanish architects
1534:20th-century Mexican architects
1004:, Madrid 2010, pp. 155–167
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31:needs additional citations for
663:1955-56: Municipal markets in
232:Eladia Martin, Dorothy Candela
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720:1959, San José Obrero church
215:Madrid School of Architecture
122:, the first or paternal
1544:Spanish emigrants to Mexico
1499:IStructE Gold Medal winners
922:Sissons, P (Jan 25, 2018).
618:, with Jorge González Reyna
312:, with Jorge González Reyna
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1066:, Borgo San Lorenzo, 2006.
1000:, in P. Cassinello (ed.),
988:Candela: The Shell Builder
900:10.1007/s00004-022-00590-3
816:(in Spanish). 1997-12-07.
685:, Mexico (demolished 2001)
491:Felix Candela was born in
397:Templo de Santa Mónica in
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1519:Concrete shell structures
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968:Fausto Giovannardi, ed.:
606:Fausto Giovannardi, ed.:
563:Guillermo Gonzalez Zuleta
375:City of Arts and Sciences
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679:Hotel Casino de la Selva
345:Hotel Casino de la Selva
333:Candelaria metro station
321:San Lázaro metro station
741:Palacio de los Deportes
360:Palacio de los Deportes
272:Palacio de los Deportes
1273:Alan Garnett Davenport
1201:Knud Winstrup Johansen
1021:Massimiliano Savorra,
1011:, Milano, Electa, 2013
1007:Massimiliano Savorra,
996:Massimiliano Savorra,
644:Mexican Stock Exchange
444:structural engineering
413:Spanish pronunciation:
409:Félix Candela Outeriño
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189:Durham, North Carolina
141:Félix Candela Outeriño
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986:Faber, Colin (1963).
887:Nexus Network Journal
854:10.4995/ega.2018.9813
541:Thin-shell structures
454:, popularly known as
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1524:Modernist architects
1514:Structural engineers
745:1968 Summer Olympics
581:Adolfo Ruiz Cortines
501:theory of elasticity
440:Mexican architecture
373:(El Oceanográfico),
40:improve this article
1363:Leslie E. Robertson
1303:Olgierd Zienkiewicz
1135:IStructE Gold Medal
790:Columbia University
642:1955, covering for
520:hyperbolic geometry
474:Emilio Pérez Piñero
452:reinforced concrete
433:emigrated to Mexico
1393:David A. Nethercot
1309:Santiago Calatrava
1183:John Guthrie Brown
792:in New York City.
729:Colonia San Rafael
714:, near Mexico City
463:Santiago Calatrava
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343:Restaurant of the
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278:Significant design
238:Engineering career
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1459:James O'Callaghan
1237:Nathan M. Newmark
1177:William Glanville
1159:Eugène Freyssinet
752:Mexico City metro
574:Mexico: 1939-1968
511:later that year.
470:Fernando Higueras
399:Colonia Del Valle
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29:This article
27:
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1465:Michael Cook
1381:Joseph Locke
1369:John Roberts
1357:Sam Thorburn
1327:John Burland
1315:Anthony Hunt
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692:restaurant,
669:Azcapotzalco
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38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1509:1997 deaths
1504:1910 births
1453:Ding Jiemin
1447:Jo da Silva
1387:Mike Glover
1339:Ian Liddell
1261:Frank Newby
1255:Alan Harris
1165:Hardy Cross
1147:Henry Adams
1093:praella.com
477: [
448:thin shells
403:Mexico City
282:thin shells
197:Nationality
1493:Categories
1417:Chris Wise
1405:Allan Mann
1207:Yves Guyon
1153:John Baker
1081:archINFORM
1054:Structurae
929:curbed.com
867:2022-12-27
827:2020-12-21
796:References
764:1994-2002
760:Candelaria
756:San Lázaro
712:Cuautitlán
701:Cuernavaca
694:Xochimilco
683:Cuernavaca
628:1953-1957
568:Faber 1963
516:paraboloid
487:Early life
456:cascarones
349:Cuernavaca
244:Discipline
221:Occupation
162:1910-01-27
66:newspapers
1471:Paul Fast
1285:Jack Zunz
909:246838092
862:1133-6137
822:1134-6582
754:stations
722:Monterrey
429:architect
229:Spouse(s)
211:Education
1213:Ove Arup
934:Archived
848:. 2017.
703:, Mexico
665:Coyoacán
654:Coyoacán
604:Source:
509:Acapulco
379:Valencia
351:, Mexico
331:Roof of
292:IStructE
264:Projects
224:Engineer
132:Outeriño
118:In this
1137:winners
814:El País
784:in the
776:Archive
708:Bacardi
551:tensile
461:He was
426:Mexican
422:Spanish
205:Mexican
201:Spanish
172:, Spain
128:Candela
124:surname
80:scholar
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940:May 4,
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658:Tacuba
554:forces
535:skiing
493:Madrid
288:Awards
170:Madrid
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87:JSTOR
73:books
942:2019
858:ISSN
818:ISSN
758:and
547:dome
533:and
518:and
442:and
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178:Died
156:Born
59:news
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