394:"The French Far East Expeditionary Corps was designed to fight a conventional battle against the Japanese Army, but under one of two scenarios: either as part of a reconquest of Indochina or, to placate American desires, as part of a follow-on wave of assault troops in the upcoming invasion of Japan’s home islands. The early fall of Japan obviated the need to invade Japan, but it also meant that American logistical and transportation support was lost. This corps was at first organized with two Colonial Far East Infantry Divisions composed of Senegalese soldiers, but upon more detailed consideration the was composed of the
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1008:, so as not to alert hostile eyes to the unfamiliar configuration of the B-29 Superfortress. From the beginning, the Americans were appalled at the total lack of French preparedness for anything like the control of a major saturation bombardment operation. French Col. Brohon later said that this project involved the use of "several A-bombs" in the Dien Bien Phu area.
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Caldara decided to judge the situation for himself. On April 4, 1954, in the dead of the night, he flew his B-17 with an
American crew over the valley of Dien Bien Phu, repeated the mission later with a French C-47 Dakota; and then once more with the B-17. The overall plan was simple enough; the two
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with mostly
European soldiers, the 2d Armored Division, the Far East Brigade composed of colonial troops in Madagascar, and the Far East Marine Brigade which had two infantry battalions, an armored battalion, and an artillery battalion and was intended as the amphibious assault element of the corps.
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1020:, head for their target; and exit from Indochina via the Gulf of Tonkin. The French at the highest levels seemed to have no idea of the power of the 98 Superfortresses. This bombing mission was never approved as Winston Churchill was against it. Late that month on 29 April 1954
992:(FEAF), had arrived in Saigon and begun talks with his French counterpart, Gen. Lauzin, as well as with Gen. Navarre. He had brought with him Brigadier General Joseph D. Caldara, then the chief of the FEAF Bomber Command—the man who would fly and command the
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were in the process of air-lifting into
Indochina the brand-new 7th BPC (Bataillon de Parachutistes Coloniaux), en route from Europe to Vietnam via Colombo, Ceylon. Thus U. S. Air Force aircraft and personnel were actively involved in Vietnam in 1954.
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landed in
Indochina, or 183,240 Africans in total. On February 1, 1954, they represented 43.5% of the 127,785 men of the ground forces (excluding indigenous Vietnamese). Most of the professional airborne units (BPC) and the entire
1130:
Jackson, Peter D. "French ground force organizational development for counterrevolutionary warfare between 1945 and 1962." Master's dissertation, Fort
Leavenworth, KS: US Army Command and General Staff College,
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Mostly organized and equipped along
American lines, this was a powerful conventional force that could assault and fight Japanese divisions in the vicinity of Saigon, Hanoi, or the Japanese home islands."
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unless they volunteered to do so. Less than half of the total personnel of the Corps were French professional soldiers, mostly serving with paratrooper, artillery and other specialist units.
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50:
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In 1954, the CEFEO included 177,000 men, including 59,000 indigenous people. Colonial soldiers made up the bulk of the ground forces. Between 1947 and 1954, 122,900
689:, then in the 1950s support—using conventional warfare. The First Indochina War officially lasted from November 20, 1946 until July 20, 1954 and was settled by the
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Koburger, Charles W. Naval
Expeditions: The French Return to Indochina, 1945-1946. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1997.
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as its capital. In 1946, they would become associated states within the French Union and by 1949 Tonkin, Annam and the
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In 1946, nationalist, then communist popular rebellion movement rose up against established colonial rule in the
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From
September 1945 to the cease-fire in July 1954, a total of 488,560 men and women served in Indochina:
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At the beginning of April 1954, Lt. General Earle E. ("Pat") Partridge, Commander of the U. S.
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overwhelmed its rival nationalist movements and organized itself as a guerilla army using
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in August 1944- to
Colonel Dio. Leclerc received command of the Far East French Forces (
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in Europe the following year, the French authorities wanted to "free" the last
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that went to
Transport Group 1/64, 2/64, 2/63 which had both C-47s and
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Among the aircraft supplied to the French in Indochina in 1950-51 were
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were metropolitan French, as were some artillery and specialist units.
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The CEFEO was created in early 1945 as a replacement for the older
1225:(2nde ed.). New York, N.Y.: Da Capo Press. pp. 293–311.
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The CEFEO was largely made up of voluntarily-enlisted indigenous
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The CEFEO was largely made up of voluntarily-enlisted indigenous
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After withdrawal of the last CEFEO troops from the independent
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colonial or protectorate territories, one exception being the
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CEFEO shoulder patch insignia bearing the "Far East" mark.
549:, FEFEO). Its purpose was to support Saigon-based General
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paratroopers in the delta area of northern Vietnam (1952)
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Military units and formations of the First Indochina War
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missions (bombing the area around Dien Bien Phu with 98
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Among the French ground forces in the Far East was the
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Hell in a very small place the siege of Dien Bien Phu
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Military units and formations disestablished in 1956
418:(Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia), sub-Saharan Africa,
1176:"Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 28, 1997"
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Forces Expéditionnaires Françaises d'Extrême-Orient
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57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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523:to Vietnam. They would be later involved in the
304:Corps Expéditionnaire Français en Extrême-Orient
139:Corps Expéditionnaire Français en Extrême-Orient
1275:FEFO French resistance in Indochina (1943-1945)
979:that went to 14th Carrier Fighter Flotilla (on
941:that went to 11th Carrier Assault Flotilla (on
426:which consisted mainly of European volunteers.
951:that went to 3rd Carrier Assault Flotilla (on
519:joined the French Union CEFEO and sailed from
1331:Military units and formations of the Cold War
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1154:Departure of the French U.N. Korean battalion
1012:wings of B-29s from Okinawa and the one from
665:excluding the latter which was a colony with
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713:in 1956, the corps was disbanded by General
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1267:Indochina Order of Battle, 1 February 1942
383:1st Foreign Parachute Heavy Mortar Company
1291:CEFEO evolution (French Defense archives)
1000:). The Americans had arrived at Saigon's
896:Commander: Contre-Admiral Bosvieux (1952)
794:
326:. The CEFEO later fought and lost in the
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
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537:Japanese coup d'Ă©tat in French Indochina
1143:Les Forces Françaises en Extrême-Orient
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592:, these included the newly established
469:72,833 Foreign Legionnaires (including
152:CEFEO insignia bearing the traditional
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66:"French Far East Expeditionary Corps"
7:
543:Far East French Expeditionary Forces
55:adding citations to reliable sources
18:Far East French Expeditionary Forces
886:
815:Forces Terrestres en ExtrĂŞme-Orient
610:Forces Françaises en Extrême-Orient
296:French Far East Expeditionary Corps
1346:Expeditionary units and formations
1118:The French Indochina War 1946-1954
903:Forces AĂ©riennes en ExtrĂŞme-Orient
858:Forces Maritimes en ExtrĂŞme-Orient
661:(South Vietnam), all states being
25:
889:Direction Navale d'ExtrĂŞme-Orient
824:Forces Terrestres du Nord Vietnam
570:Southern Expeditionary Army Group
501:and numerous other nationalities)
1120:. Osprey Publishing. p. 11.
880:Vice-Admiral Auboyneau (1952–54)
842:Forces Terrestres du Sud Vietnam
735:Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque
353:conscripts did not serve in the
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913:that went to Bomber Group 1/25
627:First Indochina War (1946–1954)
400:9th Colonial Infantry Divisions
42:needs additional citations for
1:
840:South Vietnam Ground Forces (
822:North Vietnam Ground Forces (
797:Groupe d'Opération Nord-Ouest
604:) -the famous unit which had
555:Forces Françaises d'Indochine
318:that was initially formed in
887:Far East Naval Directorate (
795:North West Operation Group (
511:In early November 1953, the
132:Far East Expeditionary Corps
1283:Veterans federation website
869:Georges Thierry d'Argenlieu
1362:
759:Jean de Lattre de Tassigny
641:federation then including
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252:Jean de Lattre de Tassigny
1221:Fall, Bernard B. (2002).
967:and Group de Chasse 2/22
515:returning from the ended
224:French, British, American
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1116:Windrow, Martin (1998).
1097:Vietnamese National Army
813:Far East Ground Forces (
671:Republic of Cochin China
588:occupied territories in
561:resistance small groups
525:battle of Mang Yang Pass
955:until April 30, 1954),
947:until April 30, 1954),
856:Far East Naval Forces (
565:then fighting with the
527:of June and July 1954.
369:Soldiers shooting with
1174:Martin Thomas (1997).
850:6th Engineers Regiment
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623:
513:French U.N. volunteers
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1063:Pierre Schoendoerffer
963:(Fighter Group) 1/22
901:Far East Air Forces (
806:Christian de Castries
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657:(Middle Vietnam) and
653:(North Vietnam), the
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424:French Foreign Legion
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347:French Foreign Legion
1002:Tan Son Nhut Airport
998:B-29 Superfortresses
937:), former U.S. Navy
598:2nd Armored Division
578:Liberation of France
506:Sub-Saharan Africans
449:223,467 French from
165:1945 – 26 April 1956
51:improve this article
1087:First Indochina War
935:Civil Air Transport
831:Commander: General
804:Commander: General
741:Jean Etienne Valluy
673:would merge as the
633:First Indochina War
451:metropolitan France
328:First Indochina War
322:in 1945 during the
312:expeditionary force
262:Jean Étienne Valluy
233:First Indochina War
208:Expeditionary Force
1304:2007-09-28 at the
1260:2011-07-13 at the
1160:2007-09-29 at the
1026:322nd Air Division
1022:C-124 Globemasters
990:Far East Air Force
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697:Dissolution (1956)
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559:Free French Forces
531:Pacific War (1945)
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1033:Notable personnel
985:on May 1, 1954).
753:Marcel Carpentier
691:Geneva Agreements
687:guerrilla warfare
594:Empire of Vietnam
576:. After the 1944
551:Gabriel Sabattier
316:French Union Army
310:) was a colonial
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272:Marcel Carpentier
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973:PB4Y2 Privateers
961:Groupe de Chasse
949:SB-2C Helldivers
677:. The communist
675:State of Vietnam
639:French Indochina
612:) on August 15.
580:and the fall of
320:French Indochina
257:Philippe Leclerc
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62:Find sources:
56:
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40:This article
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29:
28:
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1222:
1184:. Retrieved
1180:the original
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1092:French Union
1010:
987:
982:Belleau Wood
981:
977:F4U Corsairs
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939:F6F Hellcats
927:C-47 Dakotas
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865:Commanders:
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582:Nazi Germany
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412:French Union
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381:Soldiers of
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343:French Union
336:
330:against the
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49:Please help
44:verification
41:
1299:CEFEO train
1296:(in French)
1288:(in French)
1280:(in French)
1272:(in French)
953:Arromanches
944:Arromanches
765:Raoul Salan
683:Ho Chi Minh
659:Cochinchina
586:Axis powers
572:during the
433:and 60,340
408:tirailleurs
390:Composition
339:tirailleurs
324:Pacific War
277:Raoul Salan
229:Engagements
199:French Army
154:French Navy
1315:Categories
1186:2010-01-02
1103:References
1057:Jean Sassi
833:René Cogny
721:Commanders
574:March coup
517:Korean War
491:Ukrainians
483:Hungarians
420:Madagascar
246:commanders
239:Commanders
188:Allegiance
77:newspapers
1024:from the
1018:Vientiane
994:"Vulture"
969:Languedoc
965:Saintonge
871:(1946–47)
785:(1955–56)
779:(1954–55)
773:(1953–54)
767:(1952–53)
761:(1950–51)
755:(1949–50)
749:(1948–49)
743:(1946–48)
737:(1945–46)
679:Viet Minh
602:2ème D.B.
495:Georgians
479:Spaniards
465:Moroccans
461:Tunisians
457:Algerians
410:from the
341:from the
332:Viet Minh
221:Equipment
1302:Archived
1258:Archived
1158:Archived
1081:See also
1047:(6e BPC)
1041:(10e DP)
852:(6 RG).
777:Paul Ély
711:Cambodia
647:Cambodia
620:Colonial
567:Japanese
475:Italians
455:122,920
373:in 1952.
371:FM 24/29
334:rebels.
915:Tunisie
905:, FAEO)
891:, DNEO)
860:, FMEO)
844:, FTSV)
826:, FTNV)
817:, FTEO)
799:, GONO)
703:Vietnam
681:led by
521:Incheon
504:60,340
471:Germans
416:Maghreb
385:c.1954.
361:History
314:of the
244:Notable
170:Country
91:scholar
1229:
1059:(GCMA)
1053:(GCMA)
877:(1947)
835:(1954)
808:(1954)
667:Saigon
651:Tonkin
563:C.L.I.
557:) and
499:Czechs
300:French
182:France
179:
162:Active
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
1131:2005.
1071:(SPI)
1065:(SCA)
655:Annam
487:Poles
355:CEFEO
308:CEFEO
98:JSTOR
84:books
1227:ISBN
1006:B-17
709:and
707:Laos
643:Laos
463:and
398:and
294:The
213:Size
205:Type
70:news
53:by
1317::
1195:^
1136:^
971:,
925:,
921:,
917:,
717:.
705:,
693:.
649:,
645:,
497:,
493:,
489:,
485:,
481:,
477:,
473:,
459:,
396:3d
306:,
302::
1235:.
1189:.
600:(
545:(
298:(
120:)
114:(
109:)
105:(
95:·
88:·
81:·
74:·
47:.
20:)
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