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510:, graduating in 1935; at which time Candela traveled to Germany to further study architecture. Early after he started classes, he developed a very keen sense of geometry and started teaching other students in private lessons. In his junior year, his visual intelligence and his descriptive geometric and trigonometric talent helped him catch the eye of Luis Vegas. Vegas was his material strength professor, and gave Candela the honorary title of "Luis Vegas’ Helper". While "helping" Vegas, Candela entered many architecture competitions and won most of them. Unlike many of his peers, Candela did not show intellectual or aesthetic efforts in school. He did not even like pure mathematics. When Candela was a student in Madrid, the schools taught the
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the civil war, Candela was imprisoned in the
Perpignan Concentration camp in Perpignan, France until the end of the war in 1939. Candela had fought against Franco; therefore he could not stay in the new Spain as long as Franco was the head of state. After his name was selected with a few hundred other prisoners, Candela was put onto a ship bound for Mexico, where he would start his career. He landed in
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used in 1955. Luckily for
Candela, ₱20,300,000 (pesos) of this funding was to go towards public works. Candela also benefited from the budget implemented by Ruiz Cortines in the area of education. Candela became a professor in Mexico, which is what he did for the remainder of his career. Felix moved to the United States and taught at University of Illinois at Chicago from 1971 to 1978.
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Félix
Candela worked as an architect upon his arrival in Mexico until 1949 when he started to engineer many concrete structures utilizing his well-known thin-shell design. Candela did most of his work in Mexico throughout the 1950s and into the late 60s. He was responsible for more than 300 works and
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in
America. Around 1950 when Candela's company went to design laminar structures, he started researching journals and engineering articles for as much information as he could find. From this, he started questioning the behaviour of reinforced concrete with the elastic assumptions and concluded they
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His studies ended very quickly when the
Spanish civil war began in 1936. When Candela returned to Spain to fight, he sided with the republic and fought against Franco. Candela became a Captain of Engineers for the Spanish republic after a short period of time. Unfortunately, while participating in
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said "Nothing could be more serious than to sit in the shade of the buildings we are about to build," foreshadowing the many construction projects to come. Ruiz
Cortines came up with a budget to enable his construction declaration to come true, requesting ₱81,200,000 (pesos) more funding than was
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in the concrete. He also looked to solve problems by the simplest means possible. In regard to shell design, he tended to rely on the geometric properties of the shell for analysis, instead of complex mathematical means and he followed the works of
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533:, he was drawn to experiment on a series of residential and commercial shell-shaped structures since the beginning of his career. Candela evaluated both the artistic and the cost-saving aspects of this kind of
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Candela worked very hard during his lifetime to prove the real nature and potential reinforced concrete had in structural engineering. Reinforced concrete is extremely efficient in a
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1029:, in Paulo J. S. Cruz (a cura di), STRUCTURES AND ARCHITECTURE – Concepts, Applications and Challenges, CRC Press/Balkema-Taylor&Francis Group, London 2013, pp. 253-260
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900 projects in this time period. Many of his larger projects were given to him by the
Mexican government, such as the Cosmic Rays Pavilion. In 1956, Mexican President
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Candela married Eladia Martin when he moved to Mexico from Spain; there, they raised a family. In his early life, Felix was active in sports, particularly
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671:; 1959 San Vicente de Paul, 1963 Santa Monica Lopez of Carmona; all with Enrique de La Mora y Palomar and Fernando Lopez Carmona
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Candela's drawings, correspondence, personal and professional papers, and writings are held in the permanent collection of the
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1962-3, Church of Our Lady of
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Candela was hired as a
Professor of Architecture at the university's Chicago Circle campus (now
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1959, Capilla de
Abierta Palmira in Cuernavaca with Rosell and Manuel Guillermo Larrosa
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La Escuela Superior de Arquitectura (Madrid Superior Technical School of Architecture)
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PhD thesis. del Blanco García, Federico Luis (2017). E.T.S. Arquitectura (UPM).
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1962, Aula Magna at The Anglo Mexican Foundation, with Enrique de La Mora
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where Candela assisted the professors and even tutored other students.
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Félix Candela between philosophy and engineering: the meaning of shape
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and Anáhuac, Mexico City with Pedro Ramirez Vàzquez and Rafael Mijares
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Gold Medal, Augusto Perret prize of the Architects International Union
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853:"Felix Candela and Fernando Higueras: back to the umbrella geometry"
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1954-1955 Fábrica Celestino Fernández, Colonia Vallejo, Mexico City
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1951, Pabellón de Rayos Cósmicos ("Pavilion of Cosmic Rays"),
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Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library, Columbia University
935:"Felix Candela, the architect who showcased concrete's curves"
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1952, Almacenes de las Aduanas (customs warehouses), Pantaco,
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1951, Pabellón de Rayos Cósmicos ("Pavilion of Cosmic Rays"),
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Félix Candela, Pier Luigi Nervi and formalism in architecture
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Félix Candela. La grande arte della modellazione strutturale
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He is known for his significant role in the development of
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Félix Candela architectural records and papers, 1950-1984
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Félix Candel, 064-01 Faculty and Alumni Biography Files,
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1966, Parroquia del Señor del Campo Florido, Mexico City
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At the end of his career he worked with the architect
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La forma e la struttura. Félix Candela, gli scritti
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University of Illinois at Chicago Circle: 1971-1978
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57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1051:Held by the Department of Drawings & Archives
821:"Muere a los 87 años el arquitecto Félix Candela"
1070:Palmira Chapel – Felix Candela in Frame and Form
894:"Reconstructing Pérez Piñero's Anoeta Velodrome"
663:Churches in Mexico City: 1955 El Atillo church,
141: and the second or maternal family name is
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577:are in total disagreement with each other. (
506:, Spain in 1910. In 1927 Candela enrolled in
442:who was born in Madrid and at the age of 26,
431:; January 27, 1910 – December 7, 1997) was a
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1036:, «Casabella», 821, January, 2013, pp. 56-65
641:Iglesia de la Medalla de la Virgen Milagrosa
1109:The non-built architecture of Felix Candela
1025:Massimiliano Savorra, Giovanni Fabbrocino,
707:, Mexico City, with Joaquín Álvarez Ordonez
560:or shell like shape. This shape eliminates
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758:, with A. Peyri and E. Castañeda Tamborell
685:1956-1957 Nightclub La Jacaranda, Acapulco
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892:Del Blanco García, Federico Luis (2022).
797:Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
1560:Mexican expatriates in the United States
627:National Autonomous University of Mexico
321:National Autonomous University of Mexico
1540:Polytechnic University of Madrid alumni
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660:1955-1956 Quiosco de Música, Santa Fe.
793:Department of Drawings & Archives
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55:adding citations to reliable sources
969:, University of Illinois at Chicago
667:; 1955 San Antonio de las Huertas,
636:, Mexico City, with Carlos Recamier
269:Institution of Structural Engineers
1075:Félix Candela Costruttore di sogni
710:1958, Chapel Lomas de Cuernavaca,
428:[ˈfeliɣskanˈdelaowteˈɾiɲo]
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605:University of Illinois at Chicago
279:Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències
1082:Felix Candela, Builder of Dreams
1001:. New York: Reinhold Publishing.
981:Felix Candela, Builder of Dreams
947:from the original on May 4, 2019
717:1959-1960, Planta embotelladora
619:Felix Candela, Builder of Dreams
446:, acquiring double nationality.
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1550:20th-century Spanish architects
1545:20th-century Mexican architects
1015:, Madrid 2010, pp. 155–167
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42:needs additional citations for
674:1955-56: Municipal markets in
243:Eladia Martin, Dorothy Candela
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731:1959, San José Obrero church
226:Madrid School of Architecture
133:, the first or paternal
1555:Spanish emigrants to Mexico
1510:IStructE Gold Medal winners
933:Sissons, P (Jan 25, 2018).
629:, with Jorge González Reyna
323:, with Jorge González Reyna
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1077:, Borgo San Lorenzo, 2006.
1011:, in P. Cassinello (ed.),
999:Candela: The Shell Builder
911:10.1007/s00004-022-00590-3
827:(in Spanish). 1997-12-07.
696:, Mexico (demolished 2001)
502:Felix Candela was born in
408:Templo de Santa Mónica in
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1530:Concrete shell structures
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979:Fausto Giovannardi, ed.:
617:Fausto Giovannardi, ed.:
574:Guillermo Gonzalez Zuleta
386:City of Arts and Sciences
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690:Hotel Casino de la Selva
356:Hotel Casino de la Selva
344:Candelaria metro station
332:San Lázaro metro station
752:Palacio de los Deportes
371:Palacio de los Deportes
283:Palacio de los Deportes
1284:Alan Garnett Davenport
1212:Knud Winstrup Johansen
1032:Massimiliano Savorra,
1022:, Milano, Electa, 2013
1018:Massimiliano Savorra,
1007:Massimiliano Savorra,
655:Mexican Stock Exchange
455:structural engineering
424:Spanish pronunciation:
420:Félix Candela Outeriño
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200:Durham, North Carolina
152:Félix Candela Outeriño
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997:Faber, Colin (1963).
898:Nexus Network Journal
865:10.4995/ega.2018.9813
552:Thin-shell structures
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1535:Modernist architects
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756:1968 Summer Olympics
592:Adolfo Ruiz Cortines
512:theory of elasticity
451:Mexican architecture
384:(El Oceanográfico),
51:improve this article
1374:Leslie E. Robertson
1314:Olgierd Zienkiewicz
1146:IStructE Gold Medal
801:Columbia University
653:1955, covering for
531:hyperbolic geometry
485:Emilio Pérez Piñero
463:reinforced concrete
444:emigrated to Mexico
1404:David A. Nethercot
1320:Santiago Calatrava
1194:John Guthrie Brown
803:in New York City.
740:Colonia San Rafael
725:, near Mexico City
474:Santiago Calatrava
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249:Engineering career
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1470:James O'Callaghan
1248:Nathan M. Newmark
1188:William Glanville
1170:Eugène Freyssinet
763:Mexico City metro
585:Mexico: 1939-1968
522:later that year.
481:Fernando Higueras
410:Colonia Del Valle
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40:This article
38:
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18:Felix Candela
1476:Michael Cook
1392:Joseph Locke
1380:John Roberts
1368:Sam Thorburn
1338:John Burland
1326:Anthony Hunt
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680:Azcapotzalco
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194:(1997-12-07)
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107:January 2007
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49:Please help
44:verification
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1520:1997 deaths
1515:1910 births
1464:Ding Jiemin
1458:Jo da Silva
1398:Mike Glover
1350:Ian Liddell
1272:Frank Newby
1266:Alan Harris
1176:Hardy Cross
1158:Henry Adams
1104:praella.com
488: [
459:thin shells
414:Mexico City
293:thin shells
208:Nationality
1504:Categories
1428:Chris Wise
1416:Allan Mann
1218:Yves Guyon
1164:John Baker
1092:archINFORM
1065:Structurae
940:curbed.com
878:2022-12-27
838:2020-12-21
807:References
775:1994-2002
771:Candelaria
767:San Lázaro
723:Cuautitlán
712:Cuernavaca
705:Xochimilco
694:Cuernavaca
639:1953-1957
579:Faber 1963
527:paraboloid
498:Early life
467:cascarones
360:Cuernavaca
255:Discipline
232:Occupation
173:1910-01-27
77:newspapers
1482:Paul Fast
1296:Jack Zunz
920:246838092
873:1133-6137
833:1134-6582
765:stations
733:Monterrey
440:architect
240:Spouse(s)
222:Education
1224:Ove Arup
945:Archived
859:. 2017.
714:, Mexico
676:Coyoacán
665:Coyoacán
615:Source:
520:Acapulco
390:Valencia
362:, Mexico
342:Roof of
303:IStructE
275:Projects
235:Engineer
143:Outeriño
129:In this
1148:winners
825:El País
795:in the
787:Archive
719:Bacardi
562:tensile
472:He was
437:Mexican
433:Spanish
216:Mexican
212:Spanish
183:, Spain
139:Candela
135:surname
91:scholar
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1166:(1953)
1160:(1922)
951:May 4,
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688:1956:
669:Tacuba
565:forces
546:skiing
504:Madrid
299:Awards
181:Madrid
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916:S2CID
611:Works
542:rugby
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98:JSTOR
84:books
953:2019
869:ISSN
829:ISSN
769:and
558:dome
544:and
529:and
453:and
435:and
396:and
189:Died
167:Born
70:news
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