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488:. Wankel was imprisoned by French authorities for several months in 1945 and his laboratory was closed by French occupation troops. Wankel's work was confiscated and he was prohibited from doing any more work. However, by 1951, he got funding from the Goetze AG company to furnish the new Technical Development Center in his privately owned house in
281:, the National Socialist German Workers Party (or "Nazi Party"), which was banned soon afterwards. Wankel founded and led youth groups associated with a cover-up organization of the NSDAP. With them he conducted paramilitary training, scouting games and night walks. When his high esteem for technical innovations was not widely shared among the
316:, then founded his own National Socialist splinter group in Lahr and continued his attacks on Wagner. Since the Nazis' seizure of power on 30 January 1933 had strengthened his position, Wagner had Wankel arrested and imprisoned in the Lahr jail in March 1933. Only by intervention of Hitler's economic adviser
261:. He was, however, able to teach himself technical subjects. At age 17 he told friends that he had dreamt of constructing a car with "a new type of engine, half turbine, half reciprocating. It is my invention!". True to this prediction, he conceived the Wankel engine in 1924 and won his first patent in 1929.
308:
in Baden. But they soon fell out with each other, because Wankel tried to put a stronger emphasis on military training, whereas Wagner wished for the Hitler Youth to be a primarily political organization. In a particularly bitter and ugly controversy Wankel publicly accused Wagner of corruption.
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in 1921. He learned the trade of purchaser at the Carl Winter Press in
Heidelberg and worked for the publishing house until June 1926. He and some friends had already run an unofficial afterwork machine shop in a backyard shed in Heidelberg since 1924. Wankel was now determined to receive
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Wankel became a success in business by securing license agreements for the engine to manufacturers around the world. By 1958 Wankel and partners had founded the Wankel GmbH company, providing Wankel with a share of the profits for marketing the engine. Among the licensees were
587:. Royalties received by Wankel's own company from licensing were 40% at first, which later dropped to 36%. In 1971 Wankel sold his share in licensing royalties for 50 million Deutschmarks (adjusted for inflation, approximately €87m in 2021) to the English conglomerate
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in
October 1988, aged 86. His grave is in the Bergfriedhof of Heidelberg. After his death, the Felix Wankel Foundation sold its real estate property to Volkswagen AG. The Heidelberg Fire Department showcases his last workshop. Wankel's papers are archived in the
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research organization. From 1986 the Felix Wankel
Institute entered cooperation agreement with Daimler Benz, which covered the institute's operating costs in return for research rights. Wankel later sold the institute to Daimler Benz for 100 million Deutschmarks.
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in
Frankfurt, the NSU company presented the NSU Wankel-Spider, the first consumer vehicle with a rotary engine, which went into production in 1964. Great attention was received by the NSU in August 1967 for the very modern
599:
In the context of the developed Wankel engine, "rotary" is something of a misnomer. The Wankel principle applied only to a "rotary piston" and not to the engine as a whole which was a stationary assembly, unlike
252:
Wankel was gifted since childhood with an ingenious spatial imagination and became interested in the world of machines, especially combustion engines. After his mother was widowed, Wankel could not afford
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496:, leading to the first running prototype on 1 February 1957. Unlike modern Wankel engines, this 21 horsepower version had both the rotor and housing rotating. His engine design was first licensed by
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automobile. At around this time the term "Wankel engine" became synonymous with the rotary type of engine, whereas previously it was referred to as the "Motor nach System NSU/Wankel". At the 1963
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experimental models in 1969 with a three-rotor Wankel engine. In 1970, the next model had a four-rotor Wankel engine and could reach top speed 290 km/h but never reached production.
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from 1933 to 1945, Keppler had been a friend of Wankel and an ardent supporter of his technological endeavors since 1927. He now helped Wankel to get state contracts and his own
241:
unemployment benefits and to focus on the machine shop. One of his friends, who had graduated from university, gave his name and transformed the shop into an official garage for
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licensed the engine and successfully solved various problems relating to chatter marks. The engine was used successfully by Mazda in several generations of their RX-series of
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of present-day southwestern
Germany. He was the only son of Gerty Wankel (née Heidlauff) and Rudolf Wankel, a forest assessor. His father died in
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Wagner retaliated by stripping Wankel of his office by early 1932 and managed to have him expelled from the party in
October 1932.
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in Munich. In the same year, with the KKM 250, the first practically applied rotary engine was presented in a converted
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Wankel tried to rejoin the NSDAP in 1937, but was turned down. With the help of
Keppler, however, he was admitted to the
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sedan, which had a 115-horsepower engine with two rotors. It was the first German car named "Car of the Year" in 1968.
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On 19 January 1960 the rotary engine was presented for the first time to specialists and the press in a meeting of the
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since 1971. Among those who paid higher fees for Wankel RCE rights was a state-owned engineering firm of the
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He never had a driving license, because he was extremely near-sighted. He was, however, the owner of an
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Wankel married Emma "Mi" Kirn in 1936. Though married for life, they had no children. She died in 1975.
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and Hitler himself, was Wankel set free in
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employed in WW1 aircraft in which the entire engine rotated about a fixed crankshaft.
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1425:– Animations of Wankel and other engines, i.e. steam, stirling, internal combustion.
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Wankel, who sympathized with the social-revolutionary wing of the NSDAP with
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Commanders
Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
296:. Here Wankel not only rejoined the party in 1926, but also met the local
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in 1927, where Wankel worked from time to time until his arrest in 1933.
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224:. Thereafter, the family moved to Heidelberg. He went to high schools in
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The Grand
Federal Service Cross, Germany's highest civilian honor, 1970
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892:
381: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
555:(2003–2012). Mazda has planned to reintroduce the engine, albeit as a
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591:. A year later he got his Technical Development Center back from the
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343:. Two years later his membership was revoked for unknown reasons.
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Yamamoto, Kenichi (1971). Rotary Engine. Toyo Kogyo. Page 60-61
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organizations. In 1921 he joined the Heidelberg branch of the
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During the early 1920s Wankel was a member of various radical
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1360:
Mazda Rotary Engine Is Coming Back on an MX-30 Plug-In-Hybrid
304:. In 1931 Wagner entrusted Wankel with the leadership of the
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The Federation of German Engineers (VDI) Gold Medal, 1969.
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with a Wankel engine, which was chauffeur driven for him.
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on Lake Constance. He began development of the engine at
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German prisoners of war in World War II held by France
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642:and opposition to the use of animals in testing.
192:; 13 August 1902 – 9 October 1988) was a German
737:Gasoline and Diesel engine, 1–100 PS, 1–300 PS
468:, Wankel developed seals and rotary valves for
289:and other leading National Socialists in 1928.
563:R-EV in 2023. Mercedes-Benz fitted one of its
8:
476:torpedoes, as well as for companies such as
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1156:, 1981, and the title of Professor in 1987.
850:Gasoline engine 50–300 PS or Passenger car
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31:
20:
1097:Gasoline engines 20–80 PS for motorcycle
1081:Gasoline engines 20–80 PS for motorcycle
1065:Gasoline engines 35–60 PS for motorcycle
1016:Gasoline engines 20–60 PS for motorcycle
441:Learn how and when to remove this message
300:, i.e. regional head of the NSDAP party,
1391:Felix Wankel: Mehr als ein Erfinderleben
884:Gasoline engine 0.5–25 PS and 50–150 PS
658:. Furthermore, there is an exhibition "
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1048:Gasoline engines 80–200 PS (1974 quit)
275:Deutschvölkischer Schutz- und Trutzbund
968:Gasoline 0.5–30 PS industrial engines
720:Industrial engine and boat, 0.5–30 PS
638:. He was known for his championing of
277:and in 1922 he became a member of the
16:German mechanical engineer (1902–1988)
934:Gasoline and Diesel engine 40–200 PS
867:Diesel and hybrid engines 100–850 Ps
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7:
1454:People from the Grand Duchy of Baden
1000:Everything, except aircraft engines
379:adding citations to reliable sources
1335:Wankel-Jubiläum: Warten aufs Wunder
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833:Diesel engine without restriction
819:Diesel engine without restriction
803:Diesel engine without restriction
770:Diesel engine without restriction
660:AUTOVISION · Tradition & Forum
14:
1149:The Bavarian Service Medal, 1973.
189:[ˈfeːlɪksˈhaɪnʁɪçˈvaŋkl̩]
1464:Engineers from Baden-Württemberg
1262:"The Rotary Club", Don Sherman,
1177:German inventors and discoverers
754:Gasoline 1–200 PS land vehicles
484:. After the war, the region was
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1159:The Soichiro Honda Medal, 1987.
1126:Honorary doctorate degree from
703:Without restriction, no series
630:In 1969, Wankel was granted an
366:needs additional citations for
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1128:Technische Universität München
1090:Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd.
634:Doctorate of Engineering from
125:Gerty Wankel and Rudolf Wankel
1:
1469:20th-century German inventors
616:Wankel's grave in Heidelberg
326:Wankels Versuchs Werkstätten
196:and inventor after whom the
1114:Gasoline engines 20–200 PS
1032:Gasoline engines 75–150 PS
984:Gasoline engines 80–120 Ps
900:Gasoline engine 50–1000 Ps
636:Technical University Munich
531:In Japan, the manufacturer
208:Wankel was born in 1902 in
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1277:Popplow, pp. 32–36, 51 ff.
1140:John Price Wetherill Medal
917:Gasoline engine 50–400 Ps
763:Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG
539:and sedans, including the
236:, and left school without
1268:, February 2008, pp 76–79
328:experimental workshop in
265:Wankel and the Nazi Party
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30:
1423:Animated Engines, Wankel
1162:Honorary citizenship of
1152:The "Honour Citizen" of
1388:Markus Popplow (2011).
951:0,1–3 PS model engines
787:Gasoline 50 PS upwards
509:German Engineers' Union
339:in 1940 in the rank of
1484:SS-Obersturmbannführer
1394:. Sutton Verlag GmbH.
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302:Robert Heinrich Wagner
140:Mechanical engineering
1417:U.S. patent 2,988,008
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551:(1978–2002), and the
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283:German Youth Movement
257:education or even an
247:Cleveland motor bikes
212:in what was then the
181:Felix Heinrich Wankel
375:improve this article
214:Grand Duchy of Baden
61:Grand Duchy of Baden
1265:Automobile Magazine
1041:Ford-Werke AG, Köln
712:Fichtel & Sachs
494:NSU Motorenwerke AG
460:, type DKM54 (1957)
341:Obersturmbannführer
194:mechanical engineer
37:Wankel in the 1960s
1474:Nazi Party members
1341:, 21 January 2007.
1304:Popplow, pp. 50–54
1286:Popplow, pp. 37–41
1187:Citroën GS Birotor
1130:, 5 December 1969.
812:Friedrich Krupp AG
748:, Co. Ltd. (Mazda)
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593:Fraunhofer Society
486:occupied by France
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150:Reich Air Ministry
131:Engineering career
1401:978-3-86680-763-1
1366:, 9 January 2023.
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1121:Honors and awards
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1053:25 July 1972
944:O.S. Engines
905:1 March 1966
889:2 March 1965
779:Daimler-Benz
644:
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579:since 1970,
575:since 1961,
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466:World War II
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431:October 2022
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373:Please help
368:verification
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306:Hitler Youth
291:
287:Adolf Hitler
271:anti-Semitic
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145:Institutions
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91:West Germany
77:(1988-10-09)
25:Felix Wankel
18:
1444:1988 deaths
1439:1902 births
1339:Der Spiegel
1021:25 May 1971
922:11 May 1967
861:Motors Ltd.
859:Rolls-Royce
559:, in their
541:Mazda Cosmo
222:World War I
200:was named.
98:Nationality
1433:Categories
1238:References
1222:Suzuki RE5
1197:Mazda RX-8
1192:Mazda RX-7
1166:(declined)
931:Luxembourg
843:Alfa Romeo
746:Toyo Kogyo
664:Altlußheim
652:Technoseum
647:Heidelberg
502:New Jersey
401:newspapers
255:university
230:Heidelberg
204:Early life
137:Discipline
106:Occupation
83:Heidelberg
49:1902-08-13
1182:NSU Ro 80
942:Graupner/
625:NSU Ro 80
526:NSU Ro 80
517:NSU Prinz
322:Reichstag
298:Gauleiter
154:Goetze AG
122:Parent(s)
1171:See also
670:Licenses
656:Mannheim
632:honorary
543:(1967),
234:Weinheim
165:Projects
109:Engineer
1202:AvtoVAZ
1146:, 1971.
1045:Germany
926:Comotor
897:Germany
893:Porsche
881:Germany
841:S.p.A.
830:Germany
816:Germany
800:Germany
784:Germany
767:Germany
717:Germany
683:Country
680:Company
511:at the
464:During
415:scholar
216:in the
185:German:
1398:
1164:Lindau
1074:Yamaha
1025:Toyota
1009:Suzuki
977:Nissan
965:Israel
960:Savkel
796:MAN AG
729:Yanmar
589:Lonrho
581:Toyota
537:coupés
490:Lindau
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347:Career
330:Lindau
238:Abitur
232:, and
148:Paki,
114:Spouse
101:German
1108:(AMC)
1094:Japan
1078:Japan
1029:Japan
1013:Japan
981:Japan
911:Corp.
847:Italy
751:Japan
734:Japan
697:Corp.
662:" in
561:MX-30
533:Mazda
422:JSTOR
408:books
279:NSDAP
1396:ISBN
1154:Lahr
1059:Ltd.
962:Ltd.
928:S.A.
565:C111
553:RX-8
549:RX-7
545:R100
480:and
474:navy
394:news
294:Lahr
245:and
210:Lahr
72:Died
57:Lahr
43:Born
1375:DDR
1057:BSA
878:VEB
876:IFA
654:in
585:DDR
500:in
478:BMW
377:by
243:DKW
158:NSU
1435::
1362:,
1337:,
1309:^
1245:^
1142:,
1111:US
1062:UK
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781:AG
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