183:
419:
145:
350:
36:
369:. The type and severity of the complications therefore depend on the location and extent of the affected skeleton. The clinical spectrum is very broad, ranging from an isolated, asymptomatic monostotic lesion discovered incidentally, to severe disabling disease involving practically the entire skeleton and leading to loss of vision, hearing, and/or mobility.
381:
painless “lump” or facial asymmetry. Expansion of craniofacial lesions may lead to progressive facial deformity. In rare cases, patients may develop vision and/or hearing loss due to compromise of the optic nerves and/or auditory canals, which is more common in patients with McCune-Albright syndrome associated
917:
Cutler, Carolee M.; Lee, Janice S.; Butman, John A.; FitzGibbon, Edmond J.; Kelly, Marilyn H.; Brillante, Beth A.; Feuillan, Penelope; Robey, Pamela G.; DuFresne, Craig R. (2006-11-01). "Long-term outcome of optic nerve encasement and optic nerve decompression in patients with fibrous dysplasia: risk
537:
are generally preferred for management of fractures and deformity in the lower extremities. Progressive scoliosis can generally be managed with standard instrumentation and fusion techniques. Surgical management in the craniofacial skeleton is complicated by frequent post-operative FD regrowth, and
372:
Individual bone lesions typically manifest during the first few years of life and expand during childhood. The vast majority of clinically significant bone lesions are detectable by age 10 years, with few new and almost no clinically significant bone lesions appearing after age 15 years. Total body
380:
Children with fibrous dysplasia in the appendicular skeleton typically present with limp, pain, and/or pathologic fractures. Frequent fractures and progressive deformity may lead to difficulties with ambulation and impaired mobility. In the craniofacial skeleton, fibrous dysplasia may present as a
509:, which are injected into your bloodstream. The damaged parts of bones take up more of the tracer, which show up more brightly on the scan. A biopsy, which uses a hollow needle to remove a small piece of the affected bone for laboratory analysis, can diagnose fibrous dysplasia definitely.
678:
Cole DE; Fraser FC; Glorieux FH; Jequier S; Marie PJ; Reade TM; Scriver CR (14 Apr 1983). "Panostotic fibrous dysplasia: a congenital disorder of bone with unusual facial appearance, bone fragility, hyperphosphatasemia, and hypophosphatemia".
501:(MRI) scans may be used to determine how extensively bones are affected. CT can better demonstrate the typical "ground glass" appearance, which is a highly specific radiological finding, while MRI can show cystic areas with fluid contents. A
1848:
1825:
293:, deformity, functional impairment, pain, and the impingement of nerves. Disease occurs along a broad clinical spectrum ranging from mostly asymptomatic incidental lesions, to severe disabling disease. Disease can affect one bone (
652:
Boyce, Alison M.; Collins, Michael T. (1993-01-01). Pagon, Roberta A.; Adam, Margaret P.; Ardinger, Holly H.; Wallace, Stephanie E.; Amemiya, Anne; Bean, Lora J.H.; Bird, Thomas D.; Fong, Chin-To; Mefford, Heather C. (eds.).
1509:
Leet, Arabella I.; Magur, Edward; Lee, Janice S.; Wientroub, Shlomo; Robey, Pamela G.; Collins, Michael T. (2004-03-01). "Fibrous dysplasia in the spine: prevalence of lesions and association with scoliosis".
969:
Leet, Arabella I.; Magur, Edward; Lee, Janice S.; Wientroub, Shlomo; Robey, Pamela G.; Collins, Michael T. (2004-03-01). "Fibrous dysplasia in the spine: prevalence of lesions and association with scoliosis".
1679:
Boyce, Alison M.; Glover, McKinley; Kelly, Marilyn H.; Brillante, Beth A.; Butman, John A.; Fitzgibbon, Edmond J.; Brewer, Carmen C.; Zalewski, Christopher K.; Cutler Peck, Carolee M. (2013-01-01).
545:. In particular untreated growth hormone excess may worsen craniofacial fibrous dysplasia and increase the risk of blindness. Untreated hypophosphatemia increases bone pain and risk of fractures.
759:
Cabral, C. E.; Guedes, P.; Fonseca, T.; Rezende, J. F.; Cruz JĂşnior, L. C.; Smith, J. (1998-05-01). "Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia associated with intramuscular myxomas: Mazabraud's syndrome".
541:
Managing endocrinopathies is a critical component of management in FD. All patients with fibrous dysplasia should be evaluated and treated for endocrine diseases associated with
1333:
Boyce, Alison M.; Kelly, Marilyn H.; Brillante, Beth A.; Kushner, Harvey; Wientroub, Shlomo; Riminucci, Mara; Bianco, Paolo; Robey, Pamela G.; Collins, Michael T. (2014-11-01).
525:
may be helpful for treatment of bone pain, but there is no clear evidence that they strengthen bone lesions or prevent fractures. Surgical techniques that are effective such as
1013:
Riminucci, Mara; Collins, Michael T.; Fedarko, Neal S.; Cherman, Natasha; Corsi, Alessandro; White, Kenneth E.; Waguespack, Steven; Gupta, Anurag; Hannon, Tamara (2003-09-01).
1736:
Leet, Arabella I.; Chebli, Caroline; Kushner, Harvey; Chen, Clara C.; Kelly, Marilyn H.; Brillante, Beth A.; Robey, Pamela G.; Bianco, Paolo; Wientroub, Shlomo (2004-04-01).
1070:
Leet, Arabella I.; Chebli, Caroline; Kushner, Harvey; Chen, Clara C.; Kelly, Marilyn H.; Brillante, Beth A.; Robey, Pamela G.; Bianco, Paolo; Wientroub, Shlomo (2004-04-01).
868:
Hart, Elizabeth S.; Kelly, Marilyn H.; Brillante, Beth; Chen, Clara C.; Ziran, Navid; Lee, Janice S.; Feuillan, Penelope; Leet, Arabella I.; Kushner, Harvey (2007-09-01).
2904:
2523:
533:, and plates and screws, are frequently ineffective against the Polyostotic version of fibrous dysplasia but often effective against monostotic fibrous dysplasia.
392:
Bone pain is a common complication of fibrous dysplasia. It may present at any age, but most commonly develops during adolescence and progresses into adulthood.
1225:
Pons Escoda, Albert; Naval Baudin, Pablo; Mora, Paloma; Cos, Mònica; Hernandez Gañan, Javier; Narváez, José A.; Aguilera, Carles; Majós, Carles (2020-02-13).
1956:
389:, which in rare instances may be severe. Untreated, progressive scoliosis is one of the few features of fibrous dysplasia that can lead to early fatality.
53:
538:
should focus on correction of functional deformities. Prophylactic optic nerve decompression increases the risk of vision loss and is contraindicated.
2585:
3000:
2189:
2608:
2387:
521:, and is focused on managing fractures and preventing deformity. There are no medications capable of altering the disease course. Intravenous
2958:
2932:
681:
317:, termed Mazabraud's syndrome. Fibrous dysplasia is very rare, and there is no known cure. While fibrous dysplasia is not itself a form of
377:
is useful to identify and determine the extent of bone lesions, and should be performed in all patients with suspected fibrous dysplasia.
2970:
2813:
2794:
2618:
2590:
2516:
100:
2963:
72:
2937:
716:
Leslie WD; Reinhold C; Rosenthall L; Tau C; Glorieux FH (July 1992). "Panostotic fibrous dysplasia. A new craniotubular dysplasia".
119:
1553:
Lee, J. S.; FitzGibbon, E. J.; Chen, Y. R.; Kim, H. J.; Lustig, L. R.; Akintoye, S. O.; Collins, M. T.; Kaban, L. B. (2012-05-24).
79:
2250:
1949:
1390:
Leet, Arabella I.; Boyce, Alison M.; Ibrahim, Khalda A.; Wientroub, Shlomo; Kushner, Harvey; Collins, Michael T. (2016-02-03).
2562:
2509:
2184:
1450:
Stanton, Robert P.; Ippolito, Ernesto; Springfield, Dempsey; Lindaman, Lynn; Wientroub, Shlomo; Leet, Arabella (2012-05-24).
57:
86:
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2219:
298:
239:
224:
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2399:
564:
542:
310:
2214:
294:
235:
220:
396:
68:
2803:
870:"Onset, progression, and plateau of skeletal lesions in fibrous dysplasia and the relationship to functional outcome"
2848:
2115:
1942:
498:
455:
2143:
289:, resulting in formation of bone that is weak and prone to expansion. As a result, most complications result from
46:
2924:
2909:
2355:
1681:"Optic neuropathy in McCune-Albright syndrome: effects of early diagnosis and treatment of growth hormone excess"
1284:
Plotkin, Horacio; Rauch, Frank; Zeitlin, Leonid; Munns, Craig; Travers, Rose; Glorieux, Francis H. (2003-10-01).
467:
463:
1612:
Amit, Moran; Collins, Michael T.; FitzGibbon, Edmond J.; Butman, John A.; Fliss, Dan M.; Gil, Ziv (2011-01-01).
2305:
2177:
2004:
1871:
322:
2470:
2445:
1335:"A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial of alendronate treatment for fibrous dysplasia of bone"
2897:
2834:
2066:
2023:
815:"Pain in fibrous dysplasia of bone: age-related changes and the anatomical distribution of skeletal lesions"
494:
204:
2864:
2785:
2080:
1993:
395:
Bone marrow stromal cells in fibrous dysplasia produce excess amounts of the phosphate-regulating hormone
334:
2995:
2914:
2702:
2580:
2540:
2532:
2321:
2098:
1922:
1127:
Weinstein, L. S.; Shenker, A.; Gejman, P. V.; Merino, M. J.; Friedman, E.; Spiegel, A. M. (1991-12-12).
366:
623:
93:
1176:
Riminucci, M.; Fisher, L. W.; Shenker, A.; Spiegel, A. M.; Bianco, P.; Gehron Robey, P. (1997-12-01).
2238:
2194:
1625:
470:. Proliferation of these cells causes replacement of normal bone and marrow with fibrous tissue. The
442:
439:
302:
418:
182:
144:
2953:
2731:
2669:
2404:
2153:
1852:
274:
1614:"Surgery versus watchful waiting in patients with craniofacial fibrous dysplasia--a meta-analysis"
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1419:
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1362:
1346:
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1238:
1197:
1178:"Fibrous dysplasia of bone in the McCune-Albright syndrome: abnormalities in bone formation"
1140:
1083:
1042:
1026:
979:
927:
881:
826:
768:
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306:
176:
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2365:
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518:
1629:
1286:"Effect of pamidronate treatment in children with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia of bone"
2884:
2822:
2768:
2722:
2636:
2628:
2545:
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1177:
931:
522:
382:
354:
330:
286:
209:
1738:"Fracture incidence in polyostotic fibrous dysplasia and the McCune-Albright syndrome"
1072:"Fracture incidence in polyostotic fibrous dysplasia and the McCune-Albright syndrome"
1047:
1014:
155:
showing fibrous dysplasia with the characteristic thin, irregular bony trabeculae and
2989:
2646:
2034:
1523:
1015:"FGF-23 in fibrous dysplasia of bone and its relationship to renal phosphate wasting"
983:
729:
526:
290:
1911:
1779:
1113:
955:
854:
745:
2283:
2245:
2110:
2093:
2088:
2051:
1973:
1129:"Activating mutations of the stimulatory G protein in the McCune-Albright syndrome"
796:
493:, fibrous dysplasia appears as bubbly lytic lesions, or a ground glass appearance.
408:
374:
326:
426:
163:
1876:
1638:
17:
2753:
2061:
2009:
1895:
1796:
1145:
1128:
654:
588:
357:(left). Corresponding T2-weighted MRI (left) and CT (right) of the same patient.
349:
282:
159:
35:
481:, and there has never been a case of genetic inheritance from parent to child.
365:
that can involve any part or combination of the craniofacial, axillary, and/or
301:), or all bones (panostotic) and may occur in isolation or in combination with
2572:
2292:
2138:
2105:
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1285:
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1555:"Clinical guidelines for the management of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia"
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2712:
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1982:
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156:
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404:
385:
excess. Fibrous dysplasia commonly involves the spine, and may lead to
313:. More rarely, fibrous dysplasia may be associated with intramuscular
27:
Genetic disorder where bone and marrow is replaced with fibrous tissue
2148:
1829:
1030:
425:
of fibrous dysplasia (right) juxtaposed with unaffected bone (left).
338:
318:
314:
814:
2394:
490:
417:
399:(FGF23), leading to loss of phosphate in the urine. Patients with
348:
2663:
278:
2505:
1938:
451:
locus at 20q13.2-q13.3, which codes for the α subunit of the G
29:
474:
are abnormally thin and irregular (bony spicules on biopsy).
813:
Kelly, M. H.; Brillante, B.; Collins, M. T. (2008-01-01).
1512:
The
Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
1452:"The surgical management of fibrous dysplasia of bone"
1396:
The
Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
972:
The
Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
438:
Fibrous dysplasia is a mosaic disease resulting from
1807:
1685:
The
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
1339:
The
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
1290:
The
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
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2020:
1990:
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659:. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle.
582:
580:
260:
246:
231:
215:
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190:
170:
137:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
918:factors for blindness and safety of observation".
2905:Autosomal recessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
1392:"Bone-Grafting in Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia"
587:Tafti, Dawood; Cecava, Nathan D. (2018-12-18).
1799:for Fibrous Dysplasia/McCune-Albright Syndrome
2517:
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8:
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2718:
2550:
2524:
2510:
2502:
2370:
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1987:
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656:Fibrous Dysplasia/McCune-Albright Syndrome
181:
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1712:
1655:
1637:
1588:
1570:
1485:
1467:
1423:
1366:
1301:
1260:
1242:
1227:"Imaging of skull vault tumors in adults"
1201:
1144:
1087:
1046:
885:
517:Treatment in fibrous dysplasia is mainly
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
2190:Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy
576:
2609:Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita
926:(5): 1011–1017, discussion 1017–1018.
624:"Fibrous Dysplasia - OrthoInfo - AAOS"
333:, so some clinicians may regard it as
2586:Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia
1445:
1443:
1019:The Journal of Clinical Investigation
7:
2933:Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata
1742:Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
1076:Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
874:Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
808:
806:
682:American Journal of Medical Genetics
647:
645:
643:
618:
616:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
2619:Otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia
2591:Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia
1133:The New England Journal of Medicine
321:, in severe cases it may undergo a
932:10.1227/01.NEU.0000254440.02736.E3
199:, bone deformities, local swelling
25:
1559:Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
1456:Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
1182:The American Journal of Pathology
2959:Short rib – polydactyly syndrome
1524:10.2106/00004623-200403000-00011
984:10.2106/00004623-200403000-00011
730:10.1097/00003072-199207000-00005
462:α signaling results in impaired
219:Adolescence or early adulthood (
34:
2964:Majewski's polydactyly syndrome
2251:Infantile cortical hyperostosis
353:Fibrous dysplasia of the right
45:needs additional citations for
3001:Genetic disorders with no OMIM
2185:Complex regional pain syndrome
1:
2738:Hereditary multiple exostoses
2682:Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
2614:Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
2971:Léri–Weill dyschondrosteosis
1639:10.1371/journal.pone.0025179
1146:10.1056/NEJM199112123252403
411:, increased fractures, and
397:fibroblast growth factor-23
69:"Fibrous dysplasia of bone"
3017:
2938:Conradi–Hünermann syndrome
2563:Camurati–Engelmann disease
2388:Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease
819:Osteoporosis International
724:(7) (7 ed.): 556–60.
689:(4) (4 ed.): 725–35.
499:magnetic resonance imaging
456:G protein-coupled receptor
2925:Chondrodysplasia punctata
2910:Atelosteogenesis, type II
2356:Osteochondritis dissecans
1572:10.1186/1750-1172-7-S1-S2
1469:10.1186/1750-1172-7-S1-S1
1244:10.1186/s13244-019-0820-9
831:10.1007/s00198-007-0425-x
718:Clinical Nuclear Medicine
477:Fibrous dysplasia is not
468:bone marrow stromal cells
458:. In bone, constitutive G
303:café au lait skin macules
151:
142:
2687:McCune–Albright syndrome
2400:Osgood–Schlatter disease
2306:Relapsing polychondritis
2178:Osteonecrosis of the jaw
2005:Osteitis fibrosa cystica
565:McCune–Albright syndrome
543:McCune–Albright syndrome
323:malignant transformation
311:McCune–Albright syndrome
2835:Thanatophoric dysplasia
2116:Paget's disease of bone
2067:Vertebral osteomyelitis
695:10.1002/ajmg.1320140414
495:Computerized tomography
361:Fibrous dysplasia is a
2804:Antley–Bixler syndrome
2786:Growth factor receptor
2533:Osteochondrodysplasias
1966:Bone and joint disease
1303:10.1210/jc.2003-030050
430:
358:
277:disorder where normal
2915:Diastrophic dysplasia
2581:Metaphyseal dysplasia
2446:Scheuermann's disease
2322:Slipping rib syndrome
2144:Hajdu–Cheney syndrome
1231:Insights into Imaging
773:10.1007/s002560050381
466:and proliferation of
421:
367:appendicular skeleton
352:
325:into cancers such as
305:and hyperfunctioning
275:nonhereditary genetic
2239:Aneurysmal bone cyst
2195:Nonossifying fibroma
1755:10.1359/JBMR.0301262
1697:10.1210/jc.2012-2111
1408:10.2106/JBJS.O.00547
1351:10.1210/jc.2014-1371
1089:10.1359/JBMR.0301262
443:activating mutations
264:1 in 5,000 to 10,000
54:improve this article
2954:Fibrochondrogenesis
2732:osteochondromatosis
2670:Boomerang dysplasia
1630:2011PLoSO...625179A
887:10.1359/jbmr.070511
589:"Fibrous Dysplasia"
535:Intramedullary rods
507:radioactive tracers
238:(75–80% of cases),
2872:Hypochondrogenesis
2471:Kienböck's disease
2227:Skeletal fluorosis
2173:Avascular necrosis
1887:External resources
761:Skeletal Radiology
431:
359:
223:), before age 10 (
2983:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2843:
2842:
2828:Hypochondroplasia
2774:Maffucci syndrome
2697:
2696:
2499:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2335:
2334:
2278:
2277:
2210:Fibrous dysplasia
2075:
2074:
1932:
1931:
1797:GeneReviews entry
1345:(11): 4133–4140.
1296:(10): 4569–4575.
1139:(24): 1688–1695.
628:www.orthoinfo.org
285:is replaced with
271:Fibrous dysplasia
268:
267:
138:Fibrous dysplasia
132:Medical condition
130:
129:
122:
104:
18:Fibrous dysplasia
16:(Redirected from
3008:
2885:sulfation defect
2852:collagen disease
2791:
2763:enchondromatosis
2719:
2708:chondrodystrophy
2703:Chondrodysplasia
2677:Opsismodysplasia
2551:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2503:
2461:
2437:
2405:Blount's disease
2378:
2371:
2344:
2289:
2154:Gorham's disease
2121:Hypophosphatasia
2028:
1998:
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1305:
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1205:
1188:(6): 1587–1600.
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1031:10.1172/JCI18399
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914:
908:
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880:(9): 1468–1474.
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401:hypophosphatemia
307:endocrinopathies
186:
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177:Medical genetics
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62:
38:
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3005:
2986:
2985:
2984:
2975:
2942:
2919:
2893:Achondrogenesis
2876:
2860:Achondrogenesis
2839:
2808:
2780:
2744:
2710:
2706:
2693:
2656:Other/ungrouped
2651:
2642:Osteopoikilosis
2623:
2595:
2567:
2544:
2535:
2530:
2500:
2487:
2457:
2452:
2431:
2426:
2420:Sever's disease
2374:
2360:
2348:Osteochondritis
2331:
2327:Tietze syndrome
2310:
2301:Costochondritis
2274:
2270:Pycnodysostosis
2205:Stress fracture
2158:
2131:Bone resorption
2125:
2071:
2021:
2016:
1991:
1968:
1963:
1933:
1928:
1927:
1882:
1881:
1820:
1806:
1793:
1791:Further reading
1788:
1787:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1691:(1): E126–134.
1678:
1677:
1673:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1565:(Suppl 1): S2.
1552:
1551:
1547:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1462:(Suppl 1): S1.
1449:
1448:
1441:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1012:
1011:
1007:
968:
967:
963:
916:
915:
911:
867:
866:
862:
812:
811:
804:
758:
757:
753:
715:
714:
710:
677:
676:
672:
651:
650:
641:
632:
630:
622:
621:
614:
605:
603:
586:
585:
578:
573:
551:
523:bisphosphonates
515:
487:
472:bony trabeculae
464:differentiation
461:
454:
436:
434:Pathophysiology
347:
273:is a very rare
180:
133:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3014:
3012:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2988:
2987:
2981:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2956:
2950:
2948:
2947:Other dwarfism
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2929:
2927:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2889:
2887:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2856:
2854:
2845:
2844:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2823:Achondroplasia
2819:
2817:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2800:
2798:
2788:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2776:
2771:
2769:Ollier disease
2758:
2756:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2727:
2725:
2723:Osteochondroma
2716:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2679:
2674:
2673:
2672:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2637:Raine syndrome
2633:
2631:
2629:Osteosclerosis
2625:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2605:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2577:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2559:
2557:
2548:
2546:osteodystrophy
2541:Osteodysplasia
2537:
2536:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2521:
2514:
2506:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2484:
2483:
2481:Panner disease
2475:
2474:
2473:
2464:
2462:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2440:
2438:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2415:Köhler disease
2409:
2408:
2407:
2402:
2392:
2391:
2390:
2381:
2379:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2352:
2350:
2341:
2337:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2318:
2316:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2297:
2295:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2263:Melorheostosis
2258:Osteosclerosis
2255:
2254:
2253:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2229:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2207:
2202:
2200:Pseudarthrosis
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2135:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2091:
2085:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2057:Brodie abscess
2054:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2031:
2029:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2001:
1999:
1985:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1954:
1947:
1939:
1930:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1914:
1903:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1868:
1845:
1821:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1812:Classification
1805:
1804:External links
1802:
1801:
1800:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1748:(4): 571–577.
1728:
1671:
1604:
1545:
1518:(3): 531–537.
1501:
1439:
1402:(3): 211–219.
1382:
1325:
1276:
1217:
1168:
1119:
1082:(4): 571–577.
1062:
1025:(5): 683–692.
1005:
978:(3): 531–537.
961:
909:
860:
802:
767:(5): 278–282.
751:
708:
670:
639:
612:
593:NCBI Bookshelf
575:
574:
572:
569:
568:
567:
562:
557:
550:
547:
514:
511:
486:
483:
459:
452:
435:
432:
383:growth hormone
363:mosaic disease
355:zygomatic bone
346:
343:
331:chondrosarcoma
287:fibrous tissue
266:
265:
262:
258:
257:
248:
244:
243:
233:
229:
228:
217:
213:
212:
210:Bone fractures
207:
201:
200:
194:
188:
187:
174:
168:
167:
149:
148:
140:
139:
131:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3013:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2972:
2969:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2926:
2922:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2846:
2836:
2833:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2811:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2783:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2717:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2700:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2654:
2648:
2647:Osteopetrosis
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2598:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2527:
2522:
2520:
2515:
2513:
2508:
2507:
2504:
2482:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2455:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2435:
2429:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2396:
2393:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2342:
2338:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2271:
2268:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2035:Osteomyelitis
2033:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2019:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2006:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1960:
1955:
1953:
1948:
1946:
1941:
1940:
1937:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1878:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1814:
1810:
1803:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1790:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1732:
1729:
1724:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1624:(9): e25179.
1623:
1619:
1615:
1608:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1549:
1546:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1505:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1386:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1329:
1326:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1280:
1277:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1221:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1172:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1123:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1066:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1009:
1006:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
965:
962:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
913:
910:
905:
901:
897:
893:
888:
883:
879:
875:
871:
864:
861:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
809:
807:
803:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
755:
752:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
712:
709:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
683:
674:
671:
666:
662:
658:
657:
648:
646:
644:
640:
629:
625:
619:
617:
613:
602:
598:
594:
590:
583:
581:
577:
570:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
552:
548:
546:
544:
539:
536:
532:
528:
527:bone grafting
524:
520:
512:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
484:
482:
480:
475:
473:
469:
465:
457:
450:
449:
444:
441:
433:
428:
427:H&E stain
424:
420:
416:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
393:
390:
388:
384:
378:
376:
370:
368:
364:
356:
351:
344:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
297:), multiple (
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
263:
259:
256:
254:
250:Mutations of
249:
245:
241:
237:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
211:
208:
206:
205:Complications
202:
198:
195:
193:
189:
184:
178:
175:
173:
169:
165:
164:H&E stain
161:
158:
154:
150:
146:
141:
136:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2996:Osteopathies
2761:
2730:
2662:
2458:
2432:
2375:
2246:Hyperostosis
2231:
2209:
2111:Osteomalacia
2094:Osteoporosis
2089:Bone density
2052:Sesamoiditis
2022:
1992:
1983:Inflammation
1916:
1905:
1894:
1870:
1847:
1824:
1745:
1741:
1731:
1688:
1684:
1674:
1621:
1617:
1607:
1562:
1558:
1548:
1515:
1511:
1504:
1459:
1455:
1399:
1395:
1385:
1342:
1338:
1328:
1293:
1289:
1279:
1234:
1230:
1220:
1185:
1181:
1171:
1136:
1132:
1122:
1079:
1075:
1065:
1022:
1018:
1008:
975:
971:
964:
923:
920:Neurosurgery
919:
912:
877:
873:
863:
825:(1): 57–63.
822:
818:
764:
760:
754:
721:
717:
711:
686:
680:
673:
655:
631:. Retrieved
627:
604:. Retrieved
592:
540:
516:
488:
476:
446:
440:post-zygotic
437:
409:osteomalacia
403:may develop
394:
391:
379:
375:scintigraphy
371:
360:
345:Presentation
337:rather than
335:precancerous
327:osteosarcoma
270:
269:
252:
242:, panostotic
116:
110:January 2020
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2754:enchondroma
2711:(including
2220:Polyostotic
2062:Periostitis
2010:Brown tumor
1896:MedlinePlus
299:polyostotic
240:polyostotic
225:polyostotic
216:Usual onset
2990:Categories
2573:Metaphysis
2293:Chondritis
2215:Monostotic
2169:Ischaemia
2139:Osteolysis
2106:Osteopenia
2045:Involucrum
2040:Sequestrum
633:2021-10-13
606:2019-12-08
571:References
519:palliative
479:hereditary
423:Micrograph
295:monostotic
236:Monostotic
221:monostotic
153:Micrograph
80:newspapers
2750:Chondroma
2601:Epiphysis
2555:Diaphysis
2233:bone cyst
2081:Metabolic
2024:infection
1994:endocrine
1912:radio/284
1907:eMedicine
1764:0884-0431
1705:1945-7197
1648:1932-6203
1581:1750-1172
1532:0021-9355
1478:1750-1172
1416:1535-1386
1359:1945-7197
1312:0021-972X
1253:1869-4101
1237:(1): 23.
1194:0002-9440
1155:0028-4793
1098:0884-0431
1039:0021-9738
992:0021-9355
940:1524-4040
896:0884-0431
839:0937-941X
781:0364-2348
560:Dysplasia
555:Cherubism
531:curettage
513:Treatment
503:bone scan
485:Diagnosis
413:bone pain
387:scoliosis
309:, termed
261:Frequency
197:Bone pain
172:Specialty
2713:dwarfism
2340:Combined
2099:Juvenile
1918:Orphanet
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