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551:'s works, which was still imitated, to create a new and modern Friulian poetry. Other noteworthy figures in the movement include Domenico Naldini (Pasolini's cousin) and Riccardo Castellani. Neither, however, reached the poetical heights of their leader. Their works were in the
393:, composed in 1833. Çorut enjoyed great popularity in Friuli during his life and many tried to imitate his style. Today he is respected mainly for his usage of Central Friulian, which he sought to elevate to a literary language. Another author of almanacs was
468:
At the beginning of 1900 Friuli seemed far from the numerous avant-gardes of the period, at least in part due to its difficult historical situation; the regional request for autonomy received no response from the
Italian authorities, and in 1933 the
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that could have fostered the language, in order to have a literary development similar to other
European languages. During the 16th century for example, there were only limited poetic forms in Friulian inspired by the works of
627:
While poets and song writers in Friuli continue to keep the language alive, Friulan has been used in
Toronto, Canada, for many years by immigrants from Friuli. A notable example is the bilingual poem collection,
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in
Friulian) in 1742. The almanac contained short stories, poems and agricultural advice, with an item for each day of the year; these kinds of works would be very popular in the following centuries.
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The first half of the century was similar to the previous one. The primary
Friulian author of the 19th century, and today probably the best known in all of Friulian literature, was Pieri Çorut (
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in 1866. In
Gorizia, many tried to use the Friulian language in different fields, such as the applied sciences, with good results; one example from the period is the almanac
435:
An important literary event, although very late in comparison to other
European languages, was the publication of the first Friulian vocabulary, composed by abbot
707:
632:(2015) by Rina Del Nin Cralli and edited by Joseph Pivato. Rina is originally from Codroipo and said she was inspired to write poetry in Friulan by the books,
331:
Ermes di
Colloredo: Poesie Friulane, l’Opera Completa". LiteraryJoint Press, Philadelphia, PA, 2019. The complete work of Ermes Earl of Colloredo, full text.
385:, 1792–1867). Çorut's poetry was plain, far removed from the popular romanticism of the period; he devoted himself mainly to the almanacs, called
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296:(1602-1671), born to a noble family, who composed poems in a playful and ironic style about his life and love adventures; and the count
700:
107:
328:; in the last part of his life he returned to his homeland to focus on writing poetry, most of which centers on the theme of love.
88:
60:
1221:
580:, a priest, began the difficult work of promoting and standardizing the language; he tried to arrange a Friulian grammatic in
223:. This late flourishing had several causes: first, the language of the culture and administration had never been Friulian, but
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45:
67:
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232:
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This century was undoubtedly poor in the development of
Friulian literature, probably due to the increasing influence of
308:, that would become the most notable literary language and the basis of today's standard Friulian. Ermes was educated at
1226:
919:
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was generally more vivacious than that of Udine; there was a different feeling of "Friulanity," and the environment was
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and the Pirona vocabulary, and from 1944 on he composed several short lyrics, dedicated mainly to the flowing of time.
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481:(1884-1917), who composed poems with a sensual background, concealing a deep feeling of sadness and discouragement;
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with the purpose of developing a standard variant of the language. In 1950 he also published the collection
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737:
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983:
852:
440:
193:("Friulian Sonnet"). Vernacular Friulian phrases and spellings occasionally made their way into otherwise
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and his nephew Giulio Andrea (1871), which is still a valuable language resource today. In 1873,
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of this century, but who left only a few works in
Friulian, mainly regarding popular traditions.
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cites an early example from 1284. Paola Benincà quotes documents from 1355, 1360, 1380 and 1389.
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dialect of Friulian, in polemic with the use of Central Friulian as the only literary standard.
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wherein were gathered the works of several interesting Friulian poets of the time (including
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from Gorizia also published several books of poetry and plays in the local Friulian dialect.
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Giovanni Frau, "Storia linguistica esterna", in Sabine Heinemann and Luca Melchior (eds.),
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547:. Pasolini collected a group of writers in order to go beyond the old poetry inspired by
470:
276:, so the diffusion of poetry and other works was restricted to a small number of persons.
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prohibited any publications in Friulian. The most important authors of this time were
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The oldest surviving poems in Friulian date from the 14th century. They are songs of
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412:) was under the rule of Austro-Hungarian empire, while Udine was annexed to the
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397:(1796–1876), who achieved better results from the literary point of view.
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A fuller Friulian literature dates back only to the 19th century, when
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But the most important Friulian work of the 20th century was the
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published an analysis of Friulian. Ascoli started the so-called
389:, published yearly from 1821 until 1867. His most famous work is
361:. Noteworthy, though, was the publication of the first Friulian
689:
675:
Paola Benincà, "Friulian Linguistics", in Rose Mucignat (ed.),
497:. A rare example of political and civil themes can be found in
247:
rule. Moreover, Friuli never saw the formation of a literate
17:
284:
During this period, the most important Friulian authors were
272:(1515-1580). Also, until 1800 there were no printed works in
640:(1993) edited by Dore Michelut, an Italian-Canadian poet.
630:
From Friuli: Poems in Friulan, with English Translations,
607:
1971 saw the publication of a translation with the title
513:
when the fascists came to power; he died there in 1967.
677:
The Friulian Language: Identity, Migration, Culture
48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
679:(Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2014), pp. 45–48.
528:composed various collections of short stories (
400:In the second half of the century, the city of
300:(1622-1692), notable mainly for his use of the
489:, author of poems in a style close to Italian
128:, 14th-century paper manuscript by the notary
701:
570:. Gironcoli studied and analysed poems from
8:
615:, written in Italian by the Friulian writer
185:("Sweet Blush Pear of Mine", before 1380),
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694:
686:
219:, fell entirely under the control of the
108:Learn how and when to remove this message
408:, since the city (part of the county of
649:
596:; Dino Virgili, composer of the novel
7:
671:
669:
655:
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418:Il me paîs. Strenna popolâr pal 1855
46:adding citations to reliable sources
582:Lineamenti di grammatica friulana,
14:
619:, which enjoyed a good success.
22:
661:Manuale di linguistica friulana
509:in 1895, was forced to flee to
456:, who has an important role in
320:, worked in the service of the
189:("Fair Lady of Worth") and the
33:needs additional citations for
638:A Furlan Harvest: An Anthology
562:included the lyrical works of
1:
636:(1977) by Ermanno Bulfon and
452:Also deserving of mention is
233:Patriarchal State of Aquileia
541:Academiuta di lenga furlana
1248:
663:(De Gruyter, 2015), p. 82.
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558:Other developments after
256:, including the poems of
634:Un Friul vivut in Canada
505:(1921). Minut, born in
316:, then took part in the
183:Piruç myò doç inculurit
165:, written in the local
126:Piruç myò doç inculurit
1222:Literature by language
441:Graziadio Isaia Ascoli
187:Biello dumnlo di valor
139:
598:L'aghe dapit la cleve
326:Leopold I of Habsburg
123:
57:"Friulian literature"
613:Il vento nel vigneto
600:; and Lelo Cjanton (
410:Gorizia and Gradisca
42:improve this article
1227:European literature
717:European literature
564:Franco de Gironcoli
545:Pier Paolo Pasolini
422:Federico de Comelli
590:Novella Cantarutti
534:Sturiutis furlanis
458:Italian literature
254:Francesco Petrarca
217:Congress of Vienna
157:of the autonomous
140:
1232:Friulian language
1204:
1203:
355:Venetian language
344:978-0-359-38863-9
337:978-0-359-73730-7
318:Thirty Years' War
266:Girolamo Biancone
264:(1528-1570) and
167:Friulian language
130:Antonio Porenzoni
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446:Questione Ladina
414:Kingdom of Italy
298:Ermes di Colorêt
258:Nicolò Morlupino
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516:In the area of
491:crepuscolarismo
485:(1877-1946) of
483:Ercole Carletti
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503:Rimis furlanis
499:Giovanni Minut
495:Celso Cescutti
475:Vittorio Cadel
471:fascist regime
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383:Pietro Zorutti
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617:Carlo Sgorlon
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609:Prime di sere
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578:Josef Marchet
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437:Jacopo Pirona
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430:Carlo Favetti
428:(1826-1892).
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59: –
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53:Find sources:
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31:This article
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377:19th century
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349:18th century
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312:'s court in
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40:Please help
35:verification
32:
15:
1122: [
1056:(Provençal)
1044:Montenegrin
911: [
594:Spilimbergo
553:Concordiese
549:Pieri Çorut
294:Spilimbergo
249:bourgeoisie
245:Serenissima
227:and partly
202: [
197:documents.
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98:August 2022
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1024:Macedonian
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644:References
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68:newspapers
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1126:]
1102:Scots
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967:Irish
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915:]
843:Dutch
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592:from
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487:Udine
479:Fanna
359:Udine
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304:from
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292:) of
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225:Latin
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340:ISBN
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235:and
145:(or
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524:of
501:'s
477:of
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420:by
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44:by
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38:.
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