114:
1408:
1448:
1424:
86:
55:
2200:
1460:
and materiel were siphoned off for use in other theaters. These forces were replaced by militia, draft levies, reservists, and cannibalized smaller units, all equipped with woefully outdated equipment. The
Kwantung Army was also equipped with bacteriological weapons, prepared for use against Soviet troops (see
1575:
wrote to
Washington that "additional data, possibly some statements from Ishii probably can be obtained by informing Japanese involved that information will be retained in intelligence channels and will not be employed as 'War Crimes' evidence". The deal was concluded in 1948. However, twelve members
1459:
By 1945, the
Kwantung Army consisted of 713,000 personnel, divided into 31 infantry divisions, nine infantry brigades, two tank brigades, and one special purpose brigade. It possessed 1,155 light tanks, 5,360 guns, and 1,800 aircraft. The quality of troops had fallen drastically, as all the best men
1146:
in
Japanese) and was administered as a department by the Kwantung Government-general, and the governor-general served concurrently as its commander. In 1919 the Kwantung Government general was replaced by separate civilian and military administration, the Kwantung Agency for Civilian Operations, and
684:
1255:. The Kwantung Army played a controlling role in the political administration of the new state as well as in its defense. With the Kwantung Army, administering all aspects of the politics and economic development of the new state, this made the Kwantung Army's commanding officer equivalent to a
1167:
lines. They also advocated a more aggressive, expansionist foreign policy regarding the Asian mainland. Members or former members of the
Kwantung Army were active in numerous coup attempts against the civilian government, culminating with the
1423:
1381:, Manchukuo was largely a backwater to the conflict. However, as the war situation began to deteriorate for the Imperial Japanese Army on all fronts, the large, well-trained, and well-equipped Kwantung Army could no longer be held in
2731:
608:. The Kwantung Army became the most prestigious command in the Imperial Japanese Army, and many of its personnel won promotions to high positions in the Japanese military and civil government, including
2751:
2741:
1239:. The success of the campaign meant that the insubordination of the Kwantung Army was rewarded rather than punished. In 1932, the Kwantung Army was the main force responsible for the foundation of
2746:
2736:
1332:
in 1939, during which time it sustained heavy casualties. After the "Nomonhan incident", the
Kwantung Army was purged of its more insubordinate elements, as well as proponents of the
1407:
1267:. As a testament to the Kwantung Army's control over the government of Manchukuo, the Commander-in-Chief of the Kwantung Army also served as the Japanese Ambassador of Manchukuo.
1349:
The
Kwantung Army was heavily augmented over the next few years, up to a strength of 700,000 troops by 1941, and its headquarters was transferred to the new Manchukuo capital of
1385:. Many of its front-line units were systematically stripped of their best units and equipment, which were sent south to fight in the Pacific War against the forces of the
1365:
and the
Kwantung Army. Although a source of constant unrest during the 1930s, the Kwantung Army remained remarkably obedient during the 1940s. As combat spread south into
1464:). The bulk of military equipment (artillery, tanks, aircraft) was developed in the 1930s, and very few of the soldiers had sufficient training or any real experience.
1585:
2240:
1294:
1159:), and many of its senior leaders overtly advocated political change in Japan through the violent overthrow of the civilian government to bring about a
1540:
centered around Secret Army Unit 731 and its subsidiaries. At these locations, the
Kwantung Army was also responsible for some of the most infamous
636:
1544:, including the operation of several human experimentation programs using live Chinese, American, and Russian civilians, and POWs, directed by Dr.
1552:
1494:
on August 18, 1945. He was one of the senior generals who agreed with the decision to surrender, and on August 19, 1945, Hata met with
Marshal
1123:
returning the lease of Russian Dalian (re-establishing the Kwantung Leased Territory) and Japan gaining influence in the areas adjacent to the
1196:, its leadership often acted in direct violation of the orders from mainland Japan without suffering any consequence. Conspirators within the
2756:
1235:, Imperial General Headquarters had little choice but to follow up on the actions of the Kwantung Army with reinforcements in the subsequent
1313:
230:
2213:
1189:
570:
129:
2527:
1164:
2721:
617:
1281:
After the campaign to secure Manchukuo, the Kwantung Army continued to fight in numerous border skirmishes with China as part of its
2662:
2635:
2616:
2588:
2569:
2550:
2517:
2498:
2479:
1282:
1134:
and a heavy siege artillery battalion, supplemented with six independent garrison battalions as railway guards deployed along the
1506:
663:
2218:
1217:
1040:
889:
456:
381:
302:
215:
1521:. They were largely repatriated, in stages, over the next five years, though some continued to be held well into the 1950s.
2680:
2716:
2706:
1185:
1135:
1120:
1048:
706:
597:
585:
316:
2433:
2711:
1468:
269:
2384:
1529:
After the surrender of Japan, the Soviet Red Army discovered secret installations for experimenting with and producing
1297:
to extend Japanese domination over portions of northern China and Inner Mongolia. When full-scale war broke out in the
2413:
1581:
1537:
1447:
1286:
1482:
in a radio announcement. Some Japanese divisions refused to surrender, and combat continued for the next few days.
1298:
982:
894:
832:
2235:
1556:
1302:
1236:
1016:
581:
252:
225:
220:
155:
1374:
1276:
1124:
800:
720:
625:
247:
1648:
1498:, but asked that he be stripped of his rank of Field Marshal in atonement for the Army's failures in the war.
1095:
had a particular interest in Kwantung, being one of the few areas in the region with the potential to develop
1354:
1036:
805:
1684:
1115:
was fought between Russia and Japan from 1904 to 1905 over their rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and
2701:
1414:
1329:
1148:
574:
240:
119:
1130:
The Kwantung Garrison was established in 1906 to defend this territory and originally was composed of an
472:
2645:
1568:
1325:
1032:
235:
1487:
151:
1312:
However, by the late 1930s, the Kwantung Army's vaunted reputation was severely challenged during the
2177:
1937:
1740:
1502:
1495:
1264:
1169:
1160:
1152:
1020:
948:
534:
1971:
683:
2058:
1954:
1701:
1589:
1576:
of Unit 731 and some members of the World War II leadership of the Kwantung Army were sentenced as
1541:
1209:
1104:
758:
725:
647:
613:
210:
1353:. The Kwantung Army also oversaw the creation, training, and equipping of an auxiliary force, the
2726:
2021:
2005:
1988:
1757:
1667:
1560:
1534:
1479:
1112:
1024:
992:
963:
958:
953:
934:
929:
924:
919:
909:
904:
882:
862:
857:
847:
842:
825:
820:
815:
793:
788:
783:
773:
768:
763:
745:
740:
735:
659:
640:
589:
1879:
2658:
2631:
2612:
2584:
2565:
2546:
2513:
2494:
2475:
2229:
2143:
2126:
2075:
1828:
1811:
1774:
1723:
1601:
1572:
1398:
1382:
1358:
1131:
1084:
987:
899:
837:
810:
730:
609:
562:
38:
624:
in Manchuria and functioned as one of the main Japanese fighting forces during the 1937–1945
2531:
2245:
1791:
1530:
1514:
1362:
1338:("Northward Advance") doctrine who urged that Japan concentrate its expansionist efforts on
1306:
1256:
339:
264:
257:
101:
54:
2363:
1290:
1248:
1213:
1028:
667:
593:
91:
1896:
1475:
1066:
360:
1320:
in northern Manchukuo since 1932. The Japanese force stalemated with the Soviet Union's
1107:, only weeks after it had been granted. Kwantung was leased to Russia in 1898, becoming
2160:
2092:
2041:
1845:
1584:, while others were taken into custody by the United States, and sentenced at the 1948
1564:
1478:, ordered a surrender on August 16, 1945, one day after Emperor Hirohito announced the
1370:
1343:
1252:
1197:
1108:
1092:
1226:) against the express orders of the political and military leadership based in Tokyo.
2695:
2491:
The Anatomy of a Small War: The Soviet-Japanese Struggle for Changkufeng/Khasan, 1938
2024:
1934:
1862:
1717:
1605:
1597:
1577:
1483:
1386:
1366:
1231:
1201:
1096:
639:. The Kwantung Army surrendered to the Soviets on 16 August 1945 – the day after the
2412:
The Soviet Strategic Offensive in Manchuria, 1945: August Storm By David M. Glantz.
2205:
1593:
1334:
1317:
1244:
1205:
1076:
651:
346:
1139:
1545:
1394:
1378:
1221:
2684:
2467:
2437:
2364:"ВОЕННАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА --[ Мемуары ]-- Белобородов А.П. Прорыв на Харбин"
2195:
1510:
1012:
1501:
The remnants of the Kwantung Army were either dead or on their way to Soviet
17:
2385:"Гудок.RU - Новости железнодорожного транспорта, машиностроения и логистики"
2223:
2109:
1434:
1350:
1240:
1080:
621:
601:
374:
166:
162:
64:
60:
1151:
of the 1920s and 1930s, the Kwantung Army was a stronghold of the radical "
1103:, and Qing authorities withdrew the lease from the Japanese following the
2392:
1518:
1461:
1321:
1100:
655:
616:. The Kwantung Army was largely responsible for the establishment of the
605:
395:
1293:
during the preceding phase of the Second Sino-Japanese War, and various
1664:
1645:
1452:
1390:
1339:
1309:. Later, Kwantung forces supported the war in China from time to time.
1111:(Дальний) and developing the territory into a thriving trade port. The
690:
2655:
Japan's Total Empire: Manchuria and the Culture of Wartime Imperialism
2510:
The Sino-Japanese War, 1937-41: From Marco Polo Bridge to Pearl Harbor
2301:
Japan's Total Empire: Manchuria and the Culture of Wartime Imperialism
2545:. Cass Series on Soviet (Russian) Military Experience, 7. Routledge.
2534:
2530:. Leavenworth Papers No. 7, Combat Studies Institute, February 1983,
1491:
1437:. Dates indicate the year that Japan gained control of the territory.
1056:
632:
418:
196:
2562:
Soldiers of the Sun: The Rise and Fall of the Imperial Japanese Army
2289:
Soldiers of the Sun: The Rise and Fall of the Imperial Japanese Army
1138:, for a total troop strength of 14,000 men. It was headquartered in
2251:
1808:
1720:
1446:
1193:
1116:
682:
497:
433:
580:
The Kwantung Army was formed in 1906 as a security force for the
2528:"August Storm: The Soviet 1945 Strategic Offensive in Manchuria"
1260:
1212:
of 1928. Afterward, the Kwantung Army leadership engineered the
511:
2647:
The International Legal Status of the Kwantung Leased Territory
694:
1588:
in Tokyo. Among those sentenced to death were former generals
1259:
with the authority to approve or countermand any command from
1467:
The Kwantung Army was outclassed and swiftly defeated in the
1184:
Although the Kwantung Army was nominally subordinate to the
2732:
Military units and formations of the Imperial Japanese Army
1474:
The final commanding officer of the Kwantung Army, General
1486:
received the "ultimatum to surrender" from Soviet General
2609:
The Pacific War Companion: From Pearl Harbor to Hiroshima
1163:, with a reorganization of society and the economy along
400:
386:
592:
of 1904–1905 and expanded into an army group during the
1200:
corps of the Kwantung Army plotted and carried out the
1147:
the Kwantung Army command. In the highly politicized
2752:
1945 disestablishments in the Japanese colonial empire
2312:
Culver, Margaret S. "Manchuria: Japan's Supply Base."
539:
365:
351:
27:
Group of the Imperial Japanese Army from 1919 to 1945
2742:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1945
2226:– cancelled Japanese invasion of the Soviet Far East
1567:
of 1948, in exchange for germ warfare data based on
1555:, Ishii and the 20,000 members of Unit 731 received
477:
461:
2747:
1906 establishments in the Japanese colonial empire
713:
701:
533:
528:
510:
496:
491:
471:
455:
450:
432:
417:
412:
394:
380:
373:
359:
345:
338:
333:
315:
301:
296:
287:
203:
175:
147:
135:
125:
107:
97:
79:
71:
32:
2248:– site of chemical and biological warfare research
1283:efforts to create a Japanese-dominated buffer zone
2737:Military units and formations established in 1906
2543:The Soviet Strategic Offensive in Manchuria, 1945
2358:
2356:
2600:Japanese Armed Forces Order of Battle, 1937–1945
2276:Historical Dictionary of Japanese Foreign Policy
1586:International Military Tribunal for the Far East
188:
1220:in 1931, in a massive act of insubordination (
516:
502:
182:
2581:The Japanese Army 1931–45 (Volume 2, 1942–45)
1451:Repatriated Japanese soldiers returning from
1397:. Other units were sent south into China for
1301:in July 1937, its forces participated in the
321:
307:
8:
2602:. Game Publishing Company. ASIN: B000L4CYWW.
635:troops engaged the Kwantung Army during the
438:
423:
691:
525:
447:
330:
1914:
1625:
1361:worked as a liaison officer between the
637:Manchurian Strategic Offensive Operation
2683:. Axis History Factbook. Archived from
2267:
1403:
1071:
2423:Budge, Pacific War Online Encyclopedia
2379:
2377:
2232:– Chinese princess turned Japanese spy
1435:a potential attack on the Soviet Union
879:22nd Independent Anti-Aircraft Brigade
646:The Kwantung Army perpetrated several
284:
29:
2316:, vol. 14, no. 12, 1945, pp. 160–163.
1413:Kwantung Army in Mongolia during the
7:
2630:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
2472:Nomonhan: Japan Against Russia, 1939
2327:Nomonhan: Japan Against Russia, 1939
2214:Armies of the Imperial Japanese Army
687:Kwantung Army on manoeuvres in 1941.
2628:Manchuria Under Japanese Domination
2339:Manchuria Under Japanese Domination
1342:rather southward towards China and
1289:. The Kwantung Army also fought in
997:IJA 133rd Independent Mixed Brigade
977:IJA 136th Independent Mixed Brigade
974:IJA 135th Independent Mixed Brigade
971:IJA 131st Independent Mixed Brigade
939:IJA 127th Independent Mixed Brigade
914:IJA 108th Independent Mixed Brigade
2657:. University of California Press.
1316:that Japan had fought against the
968:IJA 80th Independent Mixed Brigade
873:134th Independent Combined Brigade
870:130th Independent Combined Brigade
867:179th Independent Combined Brigade
750:132nd Independent Combined Brigade
643:– and was subsequently dissolved.
25:
2564:. Random House; Reprint edition.
2241:Organization of the Kwantung Army
658:, which both carried out acts of
596:to support Japanese interests in
2198:
1422:
1406:
1314:Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
231:Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
112:
84:
53:
1553:American occupation authorities
1377:, and with the outbreak of the
1328:in 1938, and lost the decisive
876:1st Independent Armored Brigade
852:9th Independent Armored Brigade
664:unethical human experimentation
401:
387:
2681:"Japanese Army: Kwantung Army"
2219:Japanese settlers in Manchuria
1471:which began on 9 August 1945.
1443:Surrender of the Kwantung Army
1119:. Japanese victory led to the
1061:
1052:
1044:
890:Japanese Seventeenth Area Army
540:
478:
462:
366:
352:
322:
308:
59:Kwantung Army headquarters in
1:
2474:. Stanford University Press.
1186:Imperial General Headquarters
1136:South Manchurian Railway Zone
707:Imperial General Headquarters
586:South Manchurian Railway Zone
2757:Japanese war crimes in China
1509:were sent to work in Soviet
1469:Soviet invasion of Manchuria
1188:and the senior staff at the
270:Soviet invasion of Manchuria
2626:Yamamuro, Shinichi (2005).
1582:Khabarovsk War Crime Trials
1538:weapons of mass destruction
1357:. During this time, Prince
1035:after their victory in the
189:
2773:
1571:. On May 6, 1947, General
1299:Marco Polo Bridge Incident
1274:
1079:", a guarded pass west of
778:15th Border Patrol Brigade
2722:Kwantung Leased Territory
2644:Young, C. Walter (1931).
2560:Harries, Meirion (1994).
2461:General and cited sources
2274:Mayako Shimamoto, et al.
2236:Military history of Japan
1557:immunity from prosecution
1507:Japanese prisoners of war
1303:Battle of Beiping-Tianjin
1295:actions in Inner Mongolia
1237:Pacification of Manchukuo
1099:for its expansion in the
1017:Kwantung Leased Territory
582:Kwantung Leased Territory
551:
524:
517:
503:
446:
439:
424:
329:
292:
253:Battle of Beiping-Tianjin
226:Pacification of Manchukuo
183:
156:Kwantung Leased Territory
52:
42:
37:
2607:Marston, Daniel (2005).
2579:Jowett, Bernard (1999).
1375:Second Sino-Japanese War
1277:Second Sino-Japanese War
1125:South Manchurian Railway
1083:, which was rendered in
801:Japanese Third Area Army
721:Japanese First Area Army
666:on civilians and Allied
626:Second Sino-Japanese War
303:Traditional Chinese
248:Second Sino-Japanese War
75:April 1919 – August 1945
1355:Manchukuo Imperial Army
1176:faction was dissolved.
1039:. The term "Kwantung" (
1037:First Sino-Japanese War
993:137th Infantry Division
964:149th Infantry Division
959:123rd Infantry Division
954:119th Infantry Division
935:320th Infantry Division
930:160th Infantry Division
925:150th Infantry Division
920:120th Infantry Division
910:121st Infantry Division
905:111th Infantry Division
883:139th Infantry Division
863:136th Infantry Division
858:108th Infantry Division
848:117th Infantry Division
843:107th Infantry Division
826:148th Infantry Division
821:138th Infantry Division
816:125th Infantry Division
794:139th Infantry Division
789:134th Infantry Division
784:122nd Infantry Division
774:135th Infantry Division
769:126th Infantry Division
764:124th Infantry Division
746:128th Infantry Division
741:127th Infantry Division
736:112th Infantry Division
317:Simplified Chinese
2653:Young, Louise (1999).
2598:Madej, Victor (1981).
2541:Glantz, David (2003).
2526:Glantz, LTC David M.,
1456:
1415:Battle of Khalkhyn Gol
1204:of Manchurian warlord
1149:Imperial Japanese Army
988:59th Infantry Division
900:96th Infantry Division
838:63rd Infantry Division
811:39th Infantry Division
753:Rajin Fortress Brigade
731:79th Infantry Division
688:
575:Imperial Japanese Army
241:Battle of Khalkhin Gol
120:Imperial Japanese Army
2611:. Osprey Publishing.
2583:. Osprey Publishing.
1569:human experimentation
1525:War crimes and trials
1503:prisoner-of-war camps
1450:
1326:Battle of Lake Khasan
1218:invasion of Manchuria
1033:Treaty of Shimonoseki
686:
618:Japanese puppet-state
236:Battle of Lake Khasan
221:First Battle of Hopei
216:Invasion of Manchuria
2717:History of Manchuria
2707:Army groups of Japan
2508:Dorn, Frank (1974).
2489:Coox, Alvin (1977).
1496:Aleksandr Vasilevsky
1265:Emperor of Manchukuo
1247:of Japan located in
1170:February 26 Incident
1153:Imperial Way Faction
1021:concession territory
696:Kwantung Army (1945)
457:Revised Romanization
2712:Armies of Manchukuo
2687:on 29 October 2006.
2493:. Greenwood Press.
2176:Lieutenant General
2159:Lieutenant General
2142:Lieutenant General
2125:Lieutenant General
2108:Lieutenant General
2091:Lieutenant General
2074:Lieutenant General
2040:Lieutenant General
1702:Yoshinori Shirakawa
1542:Japanese war crimes
1229:Presented with the
1216:and the subsequent
1210:Huanggutun Incident
1180:Independent actions
1172:of 1936, where the
1105:Triple Intervention
1041:traditional Chinese
577:from 1919 to 1945.
211:Huanggutun Incident
2452:Unit 731 Testimony
2440:on April 30, 2009.
2314:Far Eastern Survey
2022:Lieutenant General
1649:Tachibana Kōichirō
1622:Commanding officer
1612:List of commanders
1480:surrender of Japan
1457:
1330:Battle of Nomonhan
1190:Army General Staff
1113:Russo-Japanese War
1049:simplified Chinese
1025:Liaodong Peninsula
983:Japanese 34th Army
895:Japanese 58th Army
689:
660:biological warfare
641:Surrender of Japan
590:Russo-Japanese War
2230:Kawashima Yoshiko
2189:
2188:
2144:Teiichi Yoshimoto
2100:7 September 1939
1908:
1907:
1870:7 September 1939
1836:10 December 1934
1829:Takashi Hishikari
1775:Takashi Hishikari
1573:Douglas MacArthur
1488:Georgii Shelakhov
1399:Operation Ichi-Go
1383:strategic reserve
1359:Tsuneyoshi Takeda
1161:Shōwa Restoration
1132:infantry division
1121:Republic of China
1075:) means "east of
1008:
1007:
949:Japanese 4th Army
555:
554:
547:
546:
487:
486:
473:McCune–Reischauer
408:
407:
382:Yale Romanization
340:Standard Mandarin
280:
279:
171:
160:
16:(Redirected from
2764:
2688:
2679:Wendel, Marcus.
2668:
2641:
2622:
2603:
2594:
2575:
2556:
2532:Fort Leavenworth
2523:
2504:
2485:
2455:
2448:
2442:
2441:
2436:. Archived from
2430:
2424:
2421:
2415:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2391:. Archived from
2381:
2372:
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2360:
2351:
2348:
2342:
2335:
2329:
2323:
2317:
2310:
2304:
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2285:
2279:
2272:
2246:Zhongma Fortress
2208:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2117:22 October 1940
2114:7 September 1939
2059:Seishirō Itagaki
1979:2 December 1925
1915:
1884:7 September 1939
1850:10 December 1934
1692:10 October 1923
1626:
1590:Seishirō Itagaki
1551:Arrested by the
1531:chemical weapons
1515:Russian Far East
1429:Map of Japanese
1426:
1410:
1307:Operation Chahar
1271:Second World War
1257:Governor-General
1073:
1063:
1054:
1046:
692:
668:prisoners of war
614:Seishirō Itagaki
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265:Second World War
258:Operation Chahar
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102:Emperor of Japan
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1938:Matasuke Hamamo
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1904:11 August 1945
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2397:. Retrieved
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2206:Japan portal
2182:7 April 1945
2097:18 June 1938
2083:30 May 1938
2080:1 March 1937
2046:5 March 1934
1901:18 July 1944
1897:Otozō Yamada
1867:6 March 1936
1833:29 July 1933
1765:31 May 1930
1748:1 July 1929
1728:28 July 1926
1675:10 May 1922
1594:Iwane Matsui
1550:
1528:
1513:in Siberia,
1500:
1484:Marshal Hata
1476:Otozō Yamada
1473:
1466:
1458:
1431:Hokushin-ron
1430:
1348:
1335:Hokushin-ron
1333:
1318:Soviet Union
1311:
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1245:puppet state
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1206:Zhang Zuolin
1183:
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1015:granted the
1010:
759:IJA 5th Army
726:IJA 3rd Army
652:World War II
645:
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571:general army
566:
558:
556:
347:Hanyu Pinyin
297:Chinese name
130:General Army
46:
2468:Coox, Alvin
2076:Hideki Tōjō
2006:Koji Miyake
1989:Tsune Saito
1846:Jirō Minami
1779:3 June 1930
1762:1 July 1929
1758:Eitaro Hata
1689:10 May 1922
1685:Shinobu Ono
1668:Misao Kawai
1602:Hideki Tōjō
1563:before the
1546:Shiro Ishii
1511:labor camps
1417:, July 1939
1395:Philippines
1379:Pacific War
1192:located in
1140:Port Arthur
1077:Shanhaiguan
702:Parent unit
628:from 1937.
610:Hideki Tōjō
479:Kwandonggun
463:Gwandonggun
413:Korean name
353:Guāndōngjūn
204:Engagements
190:Toku heidan
176:Nickname(s)
170:(1932–1945)
159:(1906–1932)
148:Garrison/HQ
2696:Categories
2450:Hal Gold,
2434:"Unit 731"
2399:2020-10-30
2337:Yamamuro,
2258:References
1606:Akira Mutō
1561:war crimes
1535:biological
1433:plans for
1142:(known as
1067:Wade–Giles
1013:Qing China
714:Components
648:war crimes
588:after the
361:Wade–Giles
98:Allegiance
2727:Manchukuo
2287:Harries,
2263:Citations
2224:Kantokuen
2110:Jo Iimura
1241:Manchukuo
1081:Manchuria
1072:Kwan-tung
1027:, to the
1011:In 1895,
679:Formation
622:Manchukuo
602:Manchuria
567:Kantō-gun
541:Kantō-gun
481:Kant'ogun
167:Manchukuo
65:Manchukuo
47:Kantō-gun
2470:(1990).
2389:gudok.ru
2192:See also
1895:General
1878:General
1861:General
1844:General
1827:General
1790:General
1773:General
1756:General
1739:General
1700:General
1683:General
1519:Mongolia
1462:Unit 731
1322:Red Army
1223:gekokujo
1101:Far East
1085:Japanese
1062:Guāndōng
656:Unit 731
606:Mongolia
569:) was a
563:Japanese
465:Gantogun
396:Jyutping
39:Japanese
2299:Young,
1665:General
1646:General
1580:by the
1455:in 1946
1453:Siberia
1393:or the
1389:in the
1373:in the
1351:Xinjing
1340:Siberia
1324:in the
1208:in the
1091:". The
1031:in the
1023:on the
674:History
650:during
573:of the
565:: 関東軍,
163:Xinjing
80:Country
61:Xinjing
2661:
2634:
2615:
2587:
2568:
2549:
2535:Kansas
2516:
2497:
2478:
2325:Coox,
1604:, and
1517:, and
1492:Harbin
1243:, the
1174:Kōdōha
1157:Kōdōha
1144:Ryojun
1069::
1059::
1057:pinyin
1051::
1043::
633:Soviet
604:, and
518:かんとうぐん
419:Hangul
197:Virtue
152:Ryojun
117:
108:Branch
89:
72:Active
2252:Senbu
1809:Baron
1721:Baron
1194:Tokyo
1117:Korea
1089:Kantō
598:China
498:Kanji
434:Hanja
2659:ISBN
2632:ISBN
2613:ISBN
2585:ISBN
2566:ISBN
2547:ISBN
2514:ISBN
2495:ISBN
2476:ISBN
1923:From
1920:Name
1653:1919
1634:From
1631:Name
1533:and
1369:and
1305:and
1261:Puyi
1251:and
1087:as "
612:and
584:and
557:The
512:Kana
179:Toku
136:Size
126:Type
1926:To
1637:To
1559:of
1490:in
1285:in
1155:" (
620:of
504:関東軍
440:關東軍
425:관동군
323:关东军
309:關東軍
195:, "
184:德兵團
43:関東軍
2698::
2387:.
2376:^
2366:.
2355:^
2173:15
2156:14
2139:13
2122:12
2105:11
2088:10
1892:14
1875:14
1858:13
1841:12
1824:11
1804:10
1642:1-
1608:.
1600:,
1596:,
1592:,
1548:.
1401:.
1346:.
1127:.
1065:;
1055:;
1053:关东
1047:;
1045:關東
670:.
600:,
187:,
165:,
154:,
63:,
41::
2667:.
2640:.
2621:.
2593:.
2574:.
2555:.
2537:.
2522:.
2503:.
2484:.
2402:.
2370:.
2341:.
2303:.
2071:9
2054:8
2037:7
2018:6
2001:5
1984:4
1967:3
1950:2
1931:1
1787:9
1770:8
1753:7
1736:6
1714:5
1697:4
1680:3
1661:2
561:(
199:"
193:)
181:(
20:)
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