19:
706:
1335:
141:
Residual deposits are mainly found in flood plains of rivers and streams. The metamorphic types of gems constitute 90% of the gem deposits in Sri Lanka. It has been estimated that nearly 25% of the total land area of Sri Lanka is potentially gem-bearing, making Sri Lanka one of the countries with the
1298:
192:
DISSANAYAKE, C.B., CHANDRAJITH, ROHANA and TOBSCHALL, H.J. 2000. The geology, mineralogy and rare element geochemistry of the gem deposits of Sri Lanka. Bulletin of the
Geological Society of Finland 72, Parts 1– 2,
89:
and calcium-rich rocks. Nearly all the gem formations in Sri Lanka are located in the central high-grade metamorphic terrain of the
Highland Complex. The gem deposits are classified as sedimentary, metamorphic and
734:
533:
543:
66:
to trade gems from Sri Lanka to the East during the 4th and 5th century. Often the historical word "Ceylon" is used within gem industries to denote stones that come from the island.
724:
538:
563:
553:
528:
523:
38:
industry has a very long and colorful history. Sri Lanka was affectionately known as Ratna-Dweepa which means Gem Island. The name is a reflection of its natural wealth.
1288:
239:
753:
694:
853:
805:
548:
786:
642:
625:
1107:
891:
810:
610:
274:
748:
672:
1209:
469:
487:
232:
211:
Dissanayake, C.B. & Rupasinghe, M.S. 1993. A prospector’s guide map of the gem deposits of Sri Lanka. Gems and
Gemmology 29, 173–181.
1322:
1266:
1159:
637:
558:
1174:
687:
1164:
820:
588:
54:
were the mainstay of Sri Lanka’s gem industry. Records from sailors that visited the island state that they brought back “jewels of
939:
924:
502:
1257:
1089:
1060:
977:
798:
793:
600:
413:
225:
1338:
997:
982:
848:
758:
620:
615:
398:
314:
1047:
1002:
972:
680:
256:
1029:
992:
632:
383:
378:
1293:
1007:
967:
763:
510:
403:
334:
286:
1361:
1194:
1130:
1084:
1065:
929:
605:
593:
515:
393:
269:
408:
388:
1142:
1102:
869:
781:
729:
202:
Dissanayake, C.B. 1991. Gem deposits of Sri Lanka – Prospector’s guide map. Export
Development Board, Sri Lanka.
1204:
1097:
1070:
962:
908:
575:
69:
Sri Lanka, geologically speaking is an extremely old country. Ninety percent of the rocks of the island are of
1252:
896:
1247:
1232:
1154:
1075:
324:
319:
886:
148:
contains the most gem deposits and derived its name from the gem industry. Ratnapura means “city of gems”.
1227:
1184:
1137:
987:
903:
482:
477:
248:
874:
1147:
1014:
827:
649:
583:
1179:
1125:
879:
710:
296:
264:
1237:
1019:
55:
172:
1242:
1199:
1189:
843:
659:
654:
42:
wrote that the island had the best sapphires, topazes, amethysts, and other gems in the world.
1366:
1169:
1052:
279:
815:
429:
82:
492:
78:
166:
740:
439:
357:
342:
59:
1355:
434:
18:
1303:
449:
362:
304:
63:
1308:
459:
347:
111:
74:
70:
934:
131:
95:
39:
705:
145:
31:
58:”. Serendib was the ancient name given to the island by middle eastern and
454:
217:
103:
99:
51:
35:
43:
352:
135:
127:
119:
444:
123:
115:
91:
86:
47:
17:
107:
676:
221:
73:
age, 560 million to 2,400 million years ago. The gems form in
142:
highest density of gem deposits compared to its landmass.
94:; the sedimentary types being the most abundant. The
1317:
1279:
1220:
1118:
1040:
955:
948:
917:
862:
836:
772:
717:
574:
501:
468:
422:
371:
333:
295:
255:
688:
233:
8:
98:deposits varies widely with, among others,
46:, the 2nd century astronomer recorded that
952:
695:
681:
673:
240:
226:
218:
854:Sri Lankan economic crisis (2019–present)
626:Southwestern Sri Lanka rivers and streams
26: Traditional Gem Fields of Sri Lanka
811:Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka
157:
7:
1334:
1175:Sri Lanka Interbank Payment System
14:
1165:Institute of Bankers of Sri Lanka
806:Ministry of Industry and Commerce
488:Divisional Secretariats Divisions
168:Voyages and Travels of Marco Polo
1333:
940:Ministry of Investment Promotion
925:Board of Investment of Sri Lanka
704:
849:Mahaweli Development programme
611:dry-zone dry evergreen forests
1:
165:Marco Polo, John Pinkerton.
1383:
1143:S&P Sri Lanka 20 Index
930:Ceylon Chamber of Commerce
606:Deccan thorn scrub forests
1329:
1103:Lanka Electricity Company
782:Central Bank of Sri Lanka
493:Grama Niladhari Divisions
62:traders that crossed the
1098:Ceylon Electricity Board
735:By market capitalisation
325:Knuckles Mountain Range
320:Hanthana Mountain Range
77:residual gem deposits,
1323:International rankings
1267:Science and technology
1160:Information technology
1138:Colombo Stock Exchange
544:North Western Province
534:North Central Province
249:Geography of Sri Lanka
28:
1148:All Share Price Index
96:mineralogy of the gem
21:
711:Economy of Sri Lanka
643:wildlife sanctuaries
621:montane rain forests
616:lowland rain forests
589:environmental issues
794:Ministry of Finance
171:. Cassell. p.
1190:SriLankan Airlines
1090:Telecommunications
423:Bordering entities
29:
1362:Gems of Sri Lanka
1349:
1348:
1275:
1274:
1170:Port City Colombo
799:Finance ministers
670:
669:
554:Southern Province
539:Northern Province
315:Central Highlands
287:Natural disasters
1374:
1337:
1336:
953:
816:Sri Lankan rupee
754:Government-owned
709:
708:
697:
690:
683:
674:
564:Western Province
529:Eastern Province
524:Central Province
270:Climatic regions
242:
235:
228:
219:
212:
209:
203:
200:
194:
190:
184:
183:
181:
179:
162:
79:eluvial deposits
25:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1325:
1313:
1281:
1271:
1216:
1114:
1036:
944:
913:
858:
832:
774:
768:
713:
703:
701:
671:
666:
633:protected areas
570:
520:Settlements in
497:
464:
418:
367:
329:
291:
251:
246:
216:
215:
210:
206:
201:
197:
191:
187:
177:
175:
164:
163:
159:
154:
27:
23:
12:
11:
5:
1380:
1378:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1354:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1285:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1230:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1055:
1050:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1017:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
959:
957:
950:
946:
945:
943:
942:
937:
932:
927:
921:
919:
915:
914:
912:
911:
906:
901:
900:
899:
894:
884:
883:
882:
872:
866:
864:
860:
859:
857:
856:
851:
846:
840:
838:
834:
833:
831:
830:
825:
824:
823:
813:
808:
803:
802:
801:
791:
790:
789:
778:
776:
770:
769:
767:
766:
764:List of hotels
761:
756:
751:
746:
745:
744:
737:
732:
721:
719:
715:
714:
702:
700:
699:
692:
685:
677:
668:
667:
665:
664:
663:
662:
657:
647:
646:
645:
640:
638:national parks
630:
629:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
598:
597:
596:
586:
580:
578:
572:
571:
569:
568:
567:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
518:
513:
507:
505:
499:
498:
496:
495:
490:
485:
480:
474:
472:
466:
465:
463:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
440:Gulf of Mannar
437:
432:
426:
424:
420:
419:
417:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
375:
373:
369:
368:
366:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
339:
337:
335:Extreme points
331:
330:
328:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
301:
299:
293:
292:
290:
289:
284:
283:
282:
277:
267:
261:
259:
253:
252:
247:
245:
244:
237:
230:
222:
214:
213:
204:
195:
185:
156:
155:
153:
150:
138:being common.
22:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1379:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1342:
1341:
1332:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1284:
1280:International
1278:
1268:
1265:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
965:
964:
961:
960:
958:
954:
951:
947:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
922:
920:
916:
910:
907:
905:
902:
898:
895:
893:
890:
889:
888:
885:
881:
878:
877:
876:
873:
871:
868:
867:
865:
861:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
841:
839:
835:
829:
826:
822:
819:
818:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
800:
797:
796:
795:
792:
788:
785:
784:
783:
780:
779:
777:
771:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
743:
742:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
727:
726:
725:Listed on CSE
723:
722:
720:
716:
712:
707:
698:
693:
691:
686:
684:
679:
678:
675:
661:
658:
656:
653:
652:
651:
648:
644:
641:
639:
636:
635:
634:
631:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
603:
602:
599:
595:
594:deforestation
592:
591:
590:
587:
585:
582:
581:
579:
577:
573:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
521:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
508:
506:
504:
500:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
475:
473:
471:
467:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
435:Bay of Bengal
433:
431:
430:Adam's Bridge
428:
427:
425:
421:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
376:
374:
370:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
340:
338:
336:
332:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
302:
300:
298:
294:
288:
285:
281:
278:
276:
273:
272:
271:
268:
266:
263:
262:
260:
258:
254:
250:
243:
238:
236:
231:
229:
224:
223:
220:
208:
205:
199:
196:
189:
186:
174:
170:
169:
161:
158:
151:
149:
147:
143:
139:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
67:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
20:
16:
1339:
1304:Colombo Plan
1108:Water Supply
1024:
909:Unemployment
870:Demographics
739:
730:S&P SL20
549:Sabaragamuwa
470:Subdivisions
450:Indian Ocean
309:
305:Indian Plate
207:
198:
188:
176:. Retrieved
167:
160:
144:
140:
68:
64:Indian Ocean
30:
15:
1282:cooperation
1253:Print media
1205:Expressways
1061:Electricity
963:Agriculture
844:Coffee rust
576:Environment
503:Settlements
460:Palk Strait
112:chrysoberyl
83:metamorphic
75:sedimentary
71:Precambrian
1356:Categories
1258:Newspapers
1248:Television
1233:Mass media
1221:Quaternary
1155:Healthcare
1094:Utilities
935:Ceylon tea
775:Governance
601:ecoregions
414:Waterfalls
152:References
132:tourmaline
85:deposits,
40:Marco Polo
1228:Education
1185:Transport
1041:Secondary
988:Livestock
918:Promotion
904:Squatting
821:Banknotes
787:Governors
773:Currency,
718:Companies
483:Districts
478:Provinces
399:Mountains
372:Landforms
146:Ratnapura
32:Sri Lanka
1367:Gemology
1318:See also
1210:Highways
1119:Tertiary
1030:Graphite
1015:Forestry
968:Cinnamon
887:Pensions
828:Taxation
650:wildlife
584:Forestry
455:Palk Bay
280:Wet Zone
275:Dry Zone
178:17 March
104:sapphire
100:corundum
92:magmatic
56:Serendib
52:sapphire
1340:Commons
1299:BIMSTEC
1180:Tourism
1126:Banking
1066:Nuclear
1057:Energy
1048:Apparel
978:Coconut
956:Primary
949:Sectors
880:Poverty
837:History
749:Largest
741:LMD 100
409:Valleys
389:Lagoons
384:Islands
379:Beaches
343:Highest
297:Geology
265:Climate
257:Climate
60:Persian
44:Ptolemy
1238:Cinema
1020:Mining
998:Rubber
983:Coffee
875:Income
863:People
511:Cities
404:Rivers
136:garnet
128:zircon
120:spinel
24:
1294:SAFTA
1289:SAARC
1243:Radio
1195:Ports
1131:Banks
1085:Trade
1071:Solar
1003:Sugar
973:Cocoa
660:flora
655:fauna
516:Towns
445:India
394:Lakes
353:South
348:North
193:5–20.
124:topaz
116:beryl
87:skarn
48:beryl
1200:Rail
1076:Wind
1053:Beer
1025:Gems
993:Rice
759:List
363:West
358:East
310:Gems
180:2008
108:ruby
50:and
1309:G77
1008:Tea
897:ETF
892:EPF
559:Uva
173:152
110:),
36:gem
34:’s
1358::
134:,
130:,
126:,
122:,
118:,
114:,
106:,
81:,
696:e
689:t
682:v
241:e
234:t
227:v
182:.
102:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
