83:
130:
42:
2220:
on the
Jutland peninsula, which belonged to the Crown of Denmark until Prussia and Austria declared war on Denmark in 1864, leading to dozens of placenames of Danish origin, except in North Frisia and the southernmost area. Typical Scandinavian endings include -by, -bøl, -trup, -lund, -ved, -toft (in
1657:
Some settlements have the name of a river or the province attached to their name to distinguish it from an (even distant) one carrying the same name. The distinguishing word can be added in parentheses, or connected to the name with prepositions
1514:. This sometimes refers (particularly in present and former Austrian territories) to the original language of the inhabitants. Other examples: Böhmisch Krummau (Česky Krumlov), Unter-Deutschau (Nemška Loka).
2221:
German form: -by, -büll, -trup, -lund, -witt, -toft). In some cases the South
Jutlandic form has been eradicated from the Standard Danish variety of the name, but is still visible in the Germanised version:
2176:) have Slavic roots. Due to spelling and pronunciation changes over the centuries, the original Wendish term in most cases is not preserved. Also, some placenames combine a German with a Wendish term (e.g.
1325:
Prefixes can be used to distinguish nearby settlements with an otherwise same name. They can be attached or stand alone. Both settlements that are to be distinguished can have opposing prefixes (e.g.
2337:, an unrelated Slavic ending which is common in eastern Germany. Such arbitrary translations were often made by the central Prussian government after the whole of Slesvig was ceded to
1626:("bath") indicates the place is an officially acknowledged spa. See Bad Kissingen, Bad Pyrmont, etc. Some places, like Aachen, do not use it although they could.
2385:
1771:
Sometimes, a descriptive word is attached to a new settlement, that was once budding of another one and except for the attached word has the same name.
968:
2380:
2546:
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917:
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1108:
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Often the name of the village founder or of the first settler constitute the first part of the place name (e.g.
2390:
2207:
1710:
2490:
1616:
2342:
162:
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1750:
1596:
1457:
2124:(possibly from a Polabian word meaning "Swamp"). For the same reason, many German placenames ending in
1736:
1720:
1705:
1471:
1241:
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61:
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1949:
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17:
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Prefixes can also be used to indicate an (earlier) possession of the site. Examples are
82:
2375:
2044:
1952:
times, when the southern and western parts of the German language area belonged to the
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1645:
area, the locator's name was sometimes included as the first part of the name (e.g.
981:(from Slavic suffix -ov, -ów). Examples: village and town names' suffixes on former
874:(meaning "descendants of", used with a personal name as the first part; cf. English
284:(from Slavic suffix -ov, -ów). Examples: village and town names' suffixes on former
2177:
1953:
1431:
1296:
1292:
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2004:
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times in the southern and western parts of the German language area. Examples:
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Often, attachments or prepositions are abbreviated in the official names, e.g.
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2008:
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area can be classified by the language from which they originate, and by era.
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1853:
1841:
1730:
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244:
2491:
http://www.isoglosse.de/2015/07/cluster-von-toponymsuffixen-in-deutschland/
2007:
times, when Latin was the language of church and administration. Examples:
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1826:
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1993:
1981:
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2096:. The German settlers and administration in many cases adopted existing
1333:), but it is also common to attach the prefix only to one of them (e.g.
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2338:
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2101:
1965:
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1973:
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settlements in
Germanic surroundings). Examples: Bernhardwinden near
775:
771:
733:
670:
599:
331:
1809:
districts were established by
Charlemagne; earlier derivations were
2097:
1985:
1940:
1889:
1258:
403:("king's mountain", now Kaliningrad), Landesbergen. Also reduced
296:. See also: German naming convention of Polish town names during
2195:
when derived from the Old German spelling (u= w =double u; e.g.
2183:
2016:
460:
311:
266:
1784:("farm"), sometimes carrying an additional Roman number (e.g.
123:
76:
35:
1528:
Prefixes can also have a descriptive character. Examples are
2500:
1641:, the founder was Ratbald or Ratbert). Mostly in the former
2503:
Placename pattern visualization using regular expressions
330:) describes settlements by streams and rivers. Examples:
2352:(Slesvig), from which the region derives its name, was
2325:
In many other cases the
Germanised versions are out of
100:
541:("ridge", Switzerland and western Austria), Examples:
1932:; the old name of the town in its Romanized form was
1753:("Berg bei Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz"), or compare
756:(North Germany) ("home", "settlement"; cf. English
154:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
255:German names from prehistoric and medieval times
1873:German place names derived from other languages
1682:("in"), or separated by a slash. Examples are:
310:(related to rivers or water), see German words
1837:They usually follow the established patterns.
2427:"Wikimapia - Let's describe the whole world!"
1864:("William's haven/harbor", referring to King
1729:("at the lake", without the specific name of
8:
2329:context. Examples include the Danish ending
1091:("settlement", "town", "place"; cf. English
963:(Northeastern) ("small island"; cf. English
501:("village") cf. English "Thorpe". Examples:
2386:List of English exonyms for German toponyms
70:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2224:
732:(South and Central Germany, Switzerland,
232:Learn how and when to remove this message
214:Learn how and when to remove this message
2356:with the stress on the second syllable.
2348:The South Jutlandic name of the town of
2092:were spoken in the eastern parts of the
1520:("lower"; literally "under"). Examples:
2402:
2381:German names for Central European towns
2035:", ultimately from Greek μοναστήριον -
1723:(former German name of the Polish town)
1117:("stone", "rock", "castle"). Examples:
714:("haven","harbor", "port"). Examples:
2415:. Reichsamt für Landesaufnahme. 1943.
7:
1856:city", name for Chemnitz during the
1484:("uppermost", "highest"). Examples:
1039:. It can also be used as the prefix
669:("hillside", "slope"; cf. Norwegian
641:("hedged field or wood"). Examples:
152:adding citations to reliable sources
2019:", ultimately from Greek μοναχός -
1916:("fair bottom country") or Celtic
2459:Geographische Namen in Deutschland
1057:("ridge", "watershed"). Examples:
25:
1817:(Gau) for example in Haspengouw (
1408:("high(er)", "upper"). Examples:
94:to comply with Knowledge (XXG)'s
51:This article has multiple issues.
483:("Salt City", a Medieval name),
128:
81:
40:
1904:("king's field"), Latinized as
1896:, derived from a Celtic name),
1607:(possession of the crown, e.g.
1579:("a bishop's possession", e.g.
139:needs additional citations for
59:or discuss these issues on the
2333:(peninsula) being replaced by
1833:German names from modern times
1587:("a count's possession", e.g.
1571:("ecclesial possession", e.g.
1287:("island", "holm"). Examples:
1139:("valley", "dale"). Examples:
1017:-rath, -rode, -reuth, or -rade
624:("castle", "farm"). Examples:
1:
2187:can be related to the Slavic
820:("farmhouse(s)"; cf. English
1813:One can still find the old
934:("river mouth"). Examples:
2568:
2547:Geography of Liechtenstein
2537:Names of places in Austria
2527:Names of places in Germany
1996:" and the Germanic suffix
1637:, the founder was Gerolf,
872:-ingen, -ungen, -ung, -ens
28:
18:German placename etymology
2501:https://ssz.fr/places/#//
1739:("under the castle Teck")
1649:, the locator was Hans).
1204:("meadow"; cf. Norwegian
1019:("clearing"; cf. English
947:("confluence"). Example:
2552:Geography of Switzerland
2542:Names of places in Italy
2483:Grundwörter in Ortsnamen
2391:List of European exonyms
2100:placenames, for example
2068:: Prior to the medieval
1751:Berg b.Neumarkt i.d.OPf.
1711:Rothenburg ob der Tauber
1633:, the founder was Otto;
1506:("Wendish") . Examples:
1480:("upper", "higher"), or
387:("mountain"). Examples:
314:or Aue. This meaning of
107:may contain suggestions.
92:may need to be rewritten
29:Not to be confused with
2532:Geography of Luxembourg
2457:Berger, Dieter (1999).
1615:(once belonging to the
1382:("greater"). Examples:
1174:("forest"; cf. English
908:("church", cf. English
744:(Bavaria and Austria),
519:("island"; cf. English
348:("stream"; cf. English
2517:Place name etymologies
1924:(from the Celtic word
1912:(Vienna) (from Celtic
1763:Langenfeld (Rheinland)
1466:("lower"; cf. English
1430:("little"). Examples:
1240:("hamlet"). Examples:
688:("houses"). Examples:
479:(on the river Regen),
423:("bridge"). Examples:
2180:). The German suffix
1696:Frankfurt an der Oder
1313:("meadow"). Example:
651:("grove"). Examples:
566:("field"). Examples:
410:Bromberg ← Brahenburg
270:("river"). Examples:
2199:was earlier spelled
1920:("forest brook") ),
1866:William I of Prussia
1737:Kirchheim unter Teck
1721:Lauenburg in Pommern
1706:Freiburg im Breisgau
1595:("the king's", e.g.
1536:("open range", e.g.
1504:Windisch- (Slovene)
1161:("tower"). Example:
1070:("lake"). Examples:
598:("ford"). Examples:
584:("rock"). Examples:
465:bury, borough, burgh
445:("hill"). Examples:
373:("tree"). Examples:
148:improve this article
2497:suffixes in Germany
2461:. Mannheim: Duden.
2104:(from Old Polabian
1964:"joining rivers"),
1755:Landau in der Pfalz
1597:Königs Wusterhausen
1508:Wendisch Baggendorf
1448:("new"). Examples:
1360:("old"). Examples:
967:). Examples: Dutch
338:, rivers named Aue.
2445:2006-11-17 at the
2218:Duchy of Schleswig
2214:Southern Schleswig
959:(Northwestern) or
949:Hannoversch Münden
318:(earlier spelling
2366:Germanic toponymy
2323:
2322:
2094:Holy Roman Empire
1811:Gowe" and "Gouwe.
1803:The old Germanic
1687:Frankfurt am Main
1472:Niederschönhausen
1327:Niederschönhausen
677:, Osshalden near
511:Kleinblittersdorf
350:beck, bach, batch
242:
241:
234:
224:
223:
216:
198:
163:"German toponymy"
122:
121:
96:quality standards
74:
31:Germanic toponymy
16:(Redirected from
2559:
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2431:
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2423:
2417:
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2407:
2225:
2212:: The region of
2074:Slavic languages
1968:(Cologne) (from
1767:Stolberg (Rhld.)
1743:Lahr/Schwarzwald
1716:Bergen auf Rügen
1692:Frankfurt (Oder)
1617:princes of Rügen
1410:Hohenschönhausen
1331:Hohenschönhausen
1149:St. Joachimsthal
1021:rod, rode, royde
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2447:Wayback Machine
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2371:Celtic toponymy
2362:
2231:South Jutlandic
2228:Standard Danish
2154:Lancken-Granitz
2011:(Munich) (from
1928:, derived from
1875:
1850:Karl-Marx-Stadt
1848:dale/valley"),
1835:
1825:) or Gäu as in
1801:
1759:Landau a.d.Isar
1655:
1560:("green", e.g.
1522:Unterliederbach
1512:Windischgarsten
1323:
1257:(meaning small
969:Schiermonnikoog
961:-öhe, -oie, -ee
724:Friedrichshafen
463:"; cf. English
262:
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1778:("settlement")
1776:(...)-Siedlung
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1708:
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1700:Frankfurt/Oder
1694:(also written
1689:
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1639:Rappoltsweiler
1548:("nice", e.g.
1526:
1525:
1515:
1497:
1475:
1461:
1450:Neuburg am Inn
1444:or Low German
1435:
1426:or Low German
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1391:
1373:
1356:or Low German
1322:
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1304:
1270:
1265:, Wenden near
1248:
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983:Polabian Slavs
976:
951:
942:
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865:
860:"). Examples:
851:
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763:Hamlet (place)
727:
705:
698:Recklinghausen
682:
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636:
611:
593:
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497:, Low German
488:
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344:or Low German
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300:as an analogy.
286:Polabian Slavs
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1470:). Examples:
1469:
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1414:Hohkönigsburg
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765:
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526:
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159:Find sources:
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2169:
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2049:Grossmünster
2036:
2028:
2020:
2012:
1997:
1989:
1980:"springs"),
1977:
1972:"colony"),
1969:
1961:
1956:. Examples:
1954:Roman Empire
1939:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1917:
1913:
1905:
1901:
1893:
1892:(from Latin
1878:
1836:
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1792:(...)-Ausbau
1791:
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146:Please help
141:verification
138:
110:
101:You can help
91:
67:
60:
54:
53:Please help
50:
26:
2486:(in German)
2343:war of 1864
2070:Ostsiedlung
2051:. See also
2045:Fraumünster
2037:monastērion
2029:monasterium
1962:Confluentes
1894:Moguntiacum
1886:prehistoric
1786:Sanz Hof IV
1653:Attachments
1643:Ostsiedlung
1635:Gerolfingen
1622:The prefix
1573:Kirch Jesar
1384:Groß Kiesow
1176:weald, wold
1163:Weißenthurm
1123:Bartenstein
1037:Wernigerode
940:Ueckermünde
926:Neunkirchen
864:, Waldshut.
834:Diedenhofen
720:Bremerhaven
653:Blankenhain
590:Lichtenfels
523:Low German
447:Dinkelsbühl
425:Saarbrücken
375:Oranienbaum
334:, the town
2511:Categories
2397:References
2341:after the
2174:Malschwitz
2110:river fork
2086:Pomeranian
2041:Neumünster
1884:, used in
1674:("on") or
1670:("upon"),
1613:Rügenwalde
1601:Königsberg
1589:Grafenwöhr
1550:Schönwalde
1494:Oberstdorf
1486:Oberhausen
1388:Großenhain
1342:Neustettin
1289:Donauwörth
1246:Eschweiler
1188:Regenwalde
1184:Creutzwald
1180:Greifswald
1127:Königstein
1119:Allenstein
1105:Ingolstadt
954:Low German
936:Angermünde
800:Hildesheim
694:Mühlhausen
679:Crailsheim
657:Großenhain
634:Leingarten
608:Klagenfurt
586:Rothenfels
503:Düsseldorf
477:Regensburg
473:Luxembourg
407:, e.g. in
401:Königsberg
393:Heidelberg
272:Echternach
245:Placenames
174:newspapers
56:improve it
2440:Stednavne
2350:Schleswig
2267:Billschau
2090:Slovenian
2033:monastery
1992:"city of
1950:classical
1914:Windobona
1906:Rigomagus
1902:Rigomagos
1854:Karl Marx
1842:Wuppertal
1782:(...)-Hof
1647:Hanshagen
1631:Oettingen
1609:Kronstadt
1577:Bischofs-
1500:Wendisch-
1490:Oberwesel
1418:Höchstadt
1370:Oldenburg
1366:Altenberg
1242:Annweiler
1220:Ellwangen
1141:Wuppertal
1101:Eichstätt
1097:Darmstadt
1072:Falkensee
1063:Remscheid
1059:Burscheid
973:Hiddensee
918:Feldkirch
892:Straubing
888:Esslingen
884:Göttingen
830:Bechhofen
780:Pforzheim
690:Mülhausen
675:Haldensee
643:Hanshagen
626:Stuttgart
604:Frankfurt
568:Bielefeld
551:Felsenegg
543:Scheidegg
529:Norderney
499:dorp/torp
485:Straßburg
451:Kitzbühel
433:Innsbruck
429:Osnabrück
204:July 2011
113:July 2011
105:talk page
62:talk page
2522:Toponymy
2443:Archived
2360:See also
2354:Sljasvig
2318:Sünderup
2313:Synnerup
2308:Sønderup
2201:Prenzlow
2197:Prenzlau
2118:Drežďany
2078:Polabian
2021:monachos
2013:monachus
2005:medieval
1994:Augustus
1982:Augsburg
1934:Turicum.
1821:name of
1731:the lake
1666:("at"),
1562:Grunwald
1534:Lichter-
1530:Lichten-
1458:Nienburg
1321:Prefixes
1267:Ebhausen
1208:English
1109:Neustadt
1089:-stetten
1045:Radebeul
1029:Bayreuth
995:Stäbelow
991:Neubukow
902:-kirchen
862:Landshut
848:Grünhufe
792:Mannheim
784:Kirchham
768:Alkersum
752:(West),
630:Stargard
576:Saalfeld
572:Mansfeld
547:Schönegg
533:Hacheney
481:Salzburg
417:-brücken
397:Nürnberg
365:Wandsbek
354:Amorbach
290:Lübbenau
260:Suffixes
2495:toponym
2339:Prussia
2284:Achtrup
2279:Achtrup
2262:Bilskau
2257:Bilskov
2234:German
2164:), and
2162:Gützkow
2146:Wolgast
2120:), and
2114:Dresden
2102:Rostock
2098:Wendish
2082:Sorbian
2054:minster
2025:Münster
2009:München
1990:Augusta
1970:Colonia
1958:Koblenz
1926:turicon
1918:Wedunia
1898:Remagen
1823:Hesbaye
1593:Königs-
1585:Grafen-
1546:Schöne-
1482:Oberst-
1464:Nieder-
1428:Lütten-
1380:Großen-
1336:Stettin
1311:-wiesen
1301:Ruhrort
1273:-werder
1263:Ansbach
1255:-winden
1238:-willer
1234:-weiler
1202:-wängle
1198:-wangen
1055:-scheid
1033:Overath
1007:Güstrow
1003:Teterow
999:Malchow
945:-münden
880:Reading
796:Mülheim
667:-halden
622:-garten
521:ey, ea,
469:Hamburg
389:Bamberg
385:-bergen
361:Reinbek
358:Ansbach
276:Salzach
247:in the
188:scholar
2465:
2291:Jydbæk
2274:Agtrup
2172:(e.g.
2160:(e.g.
2152:(e.g.
2144:(e.g.
2136:(e.g.
2130:Ummanz
2128:(e.g.
2122:Berlin
2106:rostok
2088:, and
2064:Slavic
2027:(from
1988:(from
1976:(from
1974:Aachen
1960:(from
1922:Zürich
1880:Celtic
1860:era),
1846:Wupper
1827:Allgäu
1799:Others
1745:, etc.
1668:ob der
1660:an der
1569:Kirch-
1558:Grüne-
1542:Schön-
1518:Unter-
1468:nether
1442:Neuen-
1424:Klein-
1398:Hohen-
1358:Olden-
1354:Alten-
1307:-wiese
1281:-wörth
1277:-werth
1259:Slavic
1172:-walde
1155:-thurm
1145:Roßtal
1115:-stein
1085:-stätt
1081:-stedt
1077:-stadt
987:Bützow
965:ey, ea
932:-münde
912:Dutch
906:-kirch
878:as in
818:-hofen
776:Borkum
772:Bochum
734:Alsace
712:-hafen
708:-haven
686:hausen
671:Halden
663:-halde
639:-hagen
600:Erfurt
564:-felde
443:-bühel
421:-brück
332:Passau
190:
183:
176:
169:
161:
103:. The
2335:-nitz
2301:Jübek
2296:Jybæk
2240:Meden
2210:names
2170:-witz
2166:-vitz
2142:-gast
2134:-gard
2076:like
2066:names
2003:from
1998:-burg
1986:Augst
1978:Aquae
1948:from
1943:names
1941:Latin
1930:turus
1890:Mainz
1882:names
1819:Dutch
1815:Gouwe
1761:, or
1605:Kron-
1554:Grün-
1478:Ober-
1446:Nien-
1406:Hoch-
1402:Höch-
1376:Groß-
1283:, or
1253:, or
1251:-wend
1236:, or
1230:-weil
1206:vang.
1200:, or
1194:-wang
1168:-wald
1159:-turm
1137:-thal
1093:stead
1087:, or
1041:Rade-
1013:-roth
896:Esens
858:guard
840:-hufe
814:-hoff
730:-heim
710:, or
665:oder
649:-hain
620:, or
618:-gart
614:-gard
596:-furt
582:-fels
560:-feld
495:-torf
491:-dorf
457:-burg
441:, or
439:-bühl
405:-burg
381:-berg
371:-baum
342:-bach
195:JSTOR
181:books
2463:ISBN
2331:-næs
2250:Meyn
2245:Mejn
2191:and
2150:-itz
2126:-anz
2112:"),
2017:monk
1984:and
1966:Köln
1910:Wien
1806:Gaue
1765:and
1757:and
1438:Neu-
1394:Hoh-
1350:Alt-
1339:and
1329:and
1285:-ort
1211:wang
1133:-tal
1068:-see
1025:Roth
957:-oog
914:kerk
868:-ing
854:-hut
844:hide
822:hope
810:-hof
760:and
746:-hem
738:-ham
539:-egg
461:keep
346:-bek
328:ouwe
308:-aue
294:Plau
267:-ach
167:news
2193:-ov
2189:-ow
2168:or
2158:-ow
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2148:),
2140:),
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2108:, "
2039:),
2031:, "
2023:),
2015:, "
1908:),
1858:DDR
1698:or
1672:auf
1624:Bad
1619:).
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1378:or
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1170:or
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876:ing
870:or
826:Hof
816:or
758:ham
754:-um
750:-em
748:or
742:-am
740:or
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562:or
525:oog
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336:Aue
324:owe
316:-au
304:-au
282:-au
150:by
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