595:
655:
318:
607:
160:
641:
36:
627:
955:
450:
reacted by announcing a policy of passive resistance. This caused the regional economy of the Ruhr, the industrial heartland of
Germany, to almost stop. The occupation authorities reacted to strikes and sabotage with arrests and deportations. Those displaced and left without income by the
614:
The first issue of banknotes was dated 1 November 1923 and was in denominations of RM 1, RM 2, RM 5, RM 10, RM 50, RM 100, RM 500 and RM 1000. Later issues of notes were RM 10 and RM 50 (1925), RM 5 (1926), RM 50 (1934) and RM 1 and RM 2 (1937).
569:
Coins were issued dated 1923, 1924 and 1925 in denominations of 1 Rpf, 2 Rpf, 5 Rpf, 10 Rpf and 50 Rpf. Only small numbers of
Rentenpfennig coins were produced in 1925. A few 1 Rpf coins were struck dated 1929. The 1 Rpf and 2 Rpf were minted in
546:
and the inflation of the
Papiermark immediately stopped. The monetary policy spearheaded by Schacht at the Reichsbank and the fiscal policy of Finance Minister Hans Luther brought the period of hyperinflation in Germany to an end. The
530:
which had helped fund the German war effort from 1914 to 1918. Notes worth RM 3.2 billion were issued. The
Rentenmark was introduced at a rate of one Rentenmark to equal one trillion (10) old marks, with an exchange rate of one
455:
and their families fell back on public income support. Tax revenues plunged as economic activity slowed. The government covered its need for funds mainly by printing money. As a result, inflation spiked and the
514:, there was no gold available to back the currency. Luther thus used Helfferich's idea of a currency backed by real goods. The new currency was backed by the land used for agriculture and business. This was
397:
538:
The Act creating the
Rentenmark backed the currency by means of twice yearly payments on property, due in April and October, payable for five years. Although the Rentenmark was not initially
553:
became the new legal tender on 30 August 1924, equal in value to the
Rentenmark. This marked a return to a gold-backed currency in connection with the implementation of the
1171:
823:
1166:
1156:
1017:
542:, it was accepted by the population and its value was relatively stable. The Act prohibited the recently privatised Reichsbank from continuing to
483:
at the
Reichsbank, Luther quickly came up with a stabilization plan for the currency which combined elements of a monetary reform by economist
793:
468:
407:
1161:
940:
1 Deutsche Mark = 1 Rentenmark for first 600 RM, 1 Deutsche Mark = 10 Rentenmark thereafter, plus each person received 40 Deutsche Mark
803:
574:, with the 5 Rpf, 10 Rpf, and 50 Rpf coins in aluminium-bronze. These coins had the same design features and motifs as coins of the
119:
771:
561:
continued to exist after 1924 and the notes and coins continued to circulate. The last
Rentenmark notes were valid until 1948.
1151:
1084:
987:
781:
57:
689:
813:
100:
718:
72:
53:
495:) of 13 October 1923 which gave the government the power to issue decrees on financial and economic matters, the new
594:
352:
79:
907:
1 Mark = 7 Rentenmark on the first 70 Rentenmark for private individuals, otherwise 1 Kuponmark = 10 Rentenmark
390:
1114:
196:
86:
46:
435:
959:
68:
532:
357:
340:
1059:
980:
660:
873:
799:
777:
549:
488:
472:
415:
1099:
1094:
1044:
883:
599:
523:
1001:
668:
579:
511:
484:
480:
471:
took hold, the cabinet of Cuno resigned in August 1923 and was replaced by the cabinet of
183:
148:
606:
368:(US) or 1 billion long scale (UK pre-1974, Germany, much of Europe) = 1,000,000,000,000)
93:
1064:
1054:
926:
632:
411:
1145:
1049:
1039:
973:
916:
1104:
1089:
965:
930:
897:
798:. Colin R. Bruce II and Neil Shafer (editors) (7th ed.). Krause Publications.
646:
539:
447:
443:
334:
747:
159:
17:
1130:
583:
543:
476:
374:
This infobox shows the latest status before this currency was rendered obsolete.
365:
35:
1074:
1069:
836:
622:
575:
558:
554:
496:
461:
457:
423:
361:
305:
295:
610:
30 Januar 1937 - Banknotes of 1 and 2 Rentenmark, serial number with 8 digits
1109:
460:
went into freefall on the currency market. Foreign currency reserves at the
954:
996:
515:
1034:
852:
1 Rentenmark = 1,000,000,000,000 Papiermark, and 4.2 Rentenmark = US$ 1
522:
is a technical term for mortgage in German) to the tune of 3.2 billion
260:
240:
224:
893:
602:(1948), was a 1937 Rentenmark with a validation coupon stamp affixed.
571:
510:
on 15 November. Because of the economic crisis in
Germany after the
605:
593:
969:
438:
in early 1923 by French and
Belgian troops, referred to as the
29:
475:. After Stresemann reshuffled his cabinet in early October,
925:
intended to protect West Germany from the second wave of
418:
had become almost worthless. It was subdivided into 100
406:) was a currency issued on 15 November 1923 to stop the
274:
RM 1, RM 2, RM 5, RM 10, RM 50, RM 100, RM 500, RM 1,000
1123:
1027:
1010:
351:
346:
332:
327:
311:
301:
291:
286:
278:
270:
257:
250:
237:
230:
209:
202:
195:
182:
174:
169:
139:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
499:was established that same day, 15 October 1923.
981:
769:Krause, Chester L.; Clifford Mishler (1991).
487:with ideas of Luther's predecessor in office
8:
140:
134:
1020:(konvertibilna marka, конвертибилна марка)
988:
974:
966:
750:(in German). Bayerische Nationalbibliothek
719:"Das Kabinett Cuno - Einleitung (German)"
526:, based on the 1913 wealth charge called
479:became Minister of Finance. Working with
360:= RM 4.20, in turn 1,000,000,000,000
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
860:15 November 1923 – 29 August 1924
829:
814:Reichsgzetzblatt Teil I, 17 October 1923
1018:Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark
713:
711:
680:
776:(18th ed.). Krause Publications.
491:. With the help of the emergency law (
133:
912:
879:
862:
855:
832:
794:Standard Catalog of World Paper Money
742:
740:
738:
736:
389:
7:
692:[The Currency Reform 1923].
58:adding citations to reliable sources
282:1 Rpf, 2 Rpf, 5 Rpf, 10 Rpf, 50 Rpf
25:
1172:1948 disestablishments in Germany
953:
929:and stop the rampant barter and
688:Scriba, Arnulf (6 August 2015).
653:
639:
625:
422:and was replaced in 1924 by the
316:
158:
34:
772:Standard Catalog of World Coins
45:needs additional citations for
1167:1923 establishments in Germany
1157:Economy of the Weimar Republic
1085:German South West African mark
892:reaction to the changeover in
27:German currency from 1923–1924
1:
694:Deutsches Historisches Museum
820:German Paper Money 1871–1999
812:Act creating the Rentenbank
414:, after the previously used
867:30 August 1924 – 1948
1188:
1162:Modern obsolete currencies
824:eBook from germannotes.com
598:The first banknote of the
535:to equal 4.2 Rentenmarks.
690:"Die Währungsreform 1923"
372:
157:
141:
818:GermanNotes.com (2005).
364:= RM 1 (1 trillion
1115:South West African mark
748:"Biografie Hans Luther"
611:
603:
436:Occupation of the Ruhr
391:[ˈʁɛntn̩ˌmaʁk]
1152:Currencies of Germany
864:Circulates in Germany
791:Pick, Albert (1994).
609:
597:
962:at Wikimedia Commons
876:was the legal tender
533:United States dollar
410:of 1922 and 1923 in
358:United States dollar
54:improve this article
857:Currency of Germany
493:Ermächtigungsgesetz
341:Deutsche Rentenbank
164:One Rentenmark note
136:
661:Numismatics portal
612:
604:
502:The newly created
1139:
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1124:As a denomination
1080:German Rentenmark
1075:German Reichsmark
1070:German Papiermark
958:Media related to
945:
944:
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908:
901:
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506:replaced the old
489:Rudolf Hilferding
473:Gustav Stresemann
444:German government
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18:German rentenmark
16:(Redirected from
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1100:New Guinean mark
1095:Lodz Ghetto mark
1045:East German mark
990:
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967:
957:
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903:
888:
884:East German mark
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796:: General Issues
787:
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685:
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401:
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393:
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337:
322:
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512:First World War
485:Karl Helfferich
481:Hjalmar Schacht
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1024:
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469:hyperinflation
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412:Weimar Germany
408:hyperinflation
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1050:Estonian mark
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1040:Deutsche Mark
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919:
918:
917:Deutsche Mark
913:Succeeded by:
911:
906:
899:
895:
891:
886:
885:
880:Succeeded by:
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872:
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241:Rentenpfennig
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197:Denominations
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110:November 2018
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
1105:Polish marka
1090:Hamburg mark
1079:
1000:
937:
931:black market
922:
915:
904:
898:West Germany
889:
882:
870:
863:
856:
849:
842:
835:
833:Preceded by:
819:
792:
770:
752:. Retrieved
723:. Retrieved
698:. Retrieved
693:
683:
647:Money portal
613:
568:
548:
540:legal tender
537:
527:
519:
507:
503:
501:
492:
466:
452:
448:Wilhelm Cuno
439:
433:
419:
416:"paper" Mark
403:
382:
380:
373:
335:Central bank
287:Demographics
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
69:"Rentenmark"
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1060:German mark
1011:Circulating
774:: 1801–1991
700:17 November
696:(in German)
584:Third Reich
528:Wehrbeitrag
477:Hans Luther
366:short scale
353:Pegged with
302:Replaced by
1146:Categories
1131:Merk Scots
1005:or similar
997:Currencies
960:Rentenmark
874:Reichsmark
783:0873411501
754:19 January
675:References
582:and early
576:Reichsmark
559:Rentenbank
555:Dawes Plan
550:Reichsmark
508:Papiermark
504:Rentenmark
497:Rentenbank
464:dwindled.
462:Reichsbank
458:Papiermark
434:After the
424:Reichsmark
383:Rentenmark
306:Reichsmark
296:Papiermark
178:Rentenmark
142:Rentenmark
135:Rentenmark
80:newspapers
1110:Saar mark
845:inflation
725:6 January
590:Banknotes
586:periods.
578:from the
524:Goldmarks
516:mortgaged
453:Ruhrkampf
440:Ruhrkampf
347:Valuation
271:Banknotes
619:See also
328:Issuance
292:Replaced
1035:AM-Mark
1028:Defunct
923:Reason:
896:(later
894:Trizone
890:Reason:
843:Reason:
430:History
387:German:
323:Germany
312:User(s)
259:
239:
216:⁄
211:
203:Subunit
191:
94:scholar
999:named
938:Ratio:
905:Ratio:
850:Ratio:
802:
780:
580:Weimar
572:bronze
557:. The
442:, the
321:
251:Symbol
231:Plural
184:Symbol
175:Plural
153:
149:German
145:
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
933:trade
871:Note:
565:Coins
520:Rente
279:Coins
101:JSTOR
87:books
1002:mark
837:Mark
800:ISBN
778:ISBN
756:2015
727:2015
702:2023
381:The
266:Rpf.
170:Unit
73:news
467:As
446:of
218:100
56:by
1148::
822:.
735:^
710:^
426:.
404:RM
402:;
189:RM
989:e
982:t
975:v
900:)
808:.
786:.
758:.
729:.
704:.
518:(
385:(
362:ℳ
214:1
151:)
147:(
123:)
117:(
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108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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