226:, overruling the objections of some landowners. Cruzat reluctantly permitted Fray José de Irigoyen of San Ildefonso to build a new church in Santa Cruz, using Indian laborers, as a public works project for the benefit of the colony. Cruzat followed the formal approach of writing to the viceroy in Mexico City. His letter of 14 July 1732 was answered by a letter dated 31 October 1732. The license to build was received in Santa Cruz in June 1733. He heard various cases against local officials involving abuses against the Pueblo Indians such as extortion and forced labor, generally ruling in favor of the Indians. Officials who were dismissed in 1733 included the
315:. They told the governor that they had all been baptized and that none of them were servants of the Spanish. The petitioners claimed that they had become destitute while serving as scouts on the border with Apache territory. The governor asked them to identify themselves by name and "nation", then denied the petition without giving any reason. He told them that they should settle in established towns and villages.
322:
not to allow their animals to stray loose and tempt Indian raids. He issued an order on 23 June 1733 that all citizens of New Mexico be prepared for military duty. In 1734 Juan Paez
Hurtado held a council or war at Albuquerque to discuss a possible campaign against the Apaches. However, there was no
271:
tried to buy land from
Baltasar Romero that they claimed was their traditional property. Despite the fact that the pueblo was willing to pay, Cruzat nullified the sale, which he said was "against the dispositions of the royal laws of his majesty". This seems to have been his personal decision, since
258:
In 1732 Cruzat banned gambling, drinking, and prostitution in the pueblos. The Pueblo leaders had become sophisticated in working within
Spanish laws and dealing with officials, and Cruzat often gave them his support. In 1733 he decided in favor of the
308:, who took charge of the mission, considered that since the Jicarillas were Christians they could rightfully make war on the Comanches, who had not been converted. The mission was abandoned when Cruzat prohibited the trade in hides.
292:
on 30 March 1732 for the salt lakes. This small campaign against the
Apaches took some captives who were sold into slavery, as was customary at the time. In 1732 Cruzat prohibited sale of these captives to the Pueblo Indians.
216:
Records from Cruzat's term as governor include many cases dealing with questions of cattle and land, indicating that the economy of New Mexico was prospering. Cruzat authorized construction of an
1337:
973:
1088:
176:. Gervasio Cruzat y Góngora became a Colonel in the army, and in the spring of 1730 was dispatched to America to take over the government of the Province of New Mexico.
1013:
966:
1168:
323:
further military action during Cruzat's term of office. In 1735 Cruzat's term of office expired and he was replaced by
Henrique de Olavide y Michelena.
959:
1314:
982:
311:
In 1733 Cruzat received a petition by a group of Plains
Indians who called themselves "Los Genízaros" asking for a grant of land at the abandoned
30:
172:, was governor and captain general of the Philippines and president of its audience. Both Juan and Fausto Cruzat y Góngora were knights of the
934:
907:
880:
835:
808:
781:
727:
700:
653:
1233:
1083:
1043:
1178:
1318:
1053:
1023:
998:
117:
1213:
1138:
1128:
1068:
65:
1278:
1033:
1347:
1253:
1243:
1028:
1248:
1228:
1342:
1173:
1163:
1093:
1063:
602:
268:
1193:
1183:
1203:
1048:
185:
169:
53:
800:
Storms Brewed in Other Men's Worlds: The
Confrontation of Indians, Spanish, and French in the Southwest, 1540-1795
1218:
1148:
1118:
264:
1238:
1073:
243:
1113:
1098:
1198:
1108:
1298:
1133:
1078:
1058:
1018:
223:
670:
165:
1103:
1008:
319:
231:
1268:
1263:
1258:
773:
Captives & Cousins: Slavery, Kinship, and
Community in the Southwest Borderlands: Easyread Edition
623:
267:
in a dispute with one Diego de
Padilla, whose flocks had trespassed on the Pueblo farmlands. In 1734
1188:
1158:
289:
1223:
671:"Cruzat y Gongora, Gervasio (gobernador). Bando announcing expedition to salt lakes from Galisteo"
305:
168:
and doña Josefa de Góngora, both of
Pamplona. His father was Marquis of Góngora. His grandfather,
1123:
336:
297:
239:
129:
1273:
296:
In 1733 Cruzat gave the Franciscans permission to found the mission of Jicarilla Apaches on the
744:
930:
903:
897:
876:
831:
804:
798:
777:
771:
723:
696:
649:
247:
173:
137:
924:
870:
825:
717:
690:
643:
1303:
1288:
1003:
993:
301:
1153:
1143:
645:
Caballeros de la Orden de Santiago, siglo XVIII: Indice onomástico (1a. parte, letras A-LL
1293:
1283:
1331:
1038:
719:
The Witches of Abiquiu: The Governor, the Priest, the Genízaro Indians, and the Devil
312:
260:
197:
193:
188:. The province at that time mostly consisted of a strip of irrigated land along the
184:
Gervasio Cruzat y Gongora took office as Governor of New Mexico in 1731, succeeding
288:
of New Mexico asking them to notify their people of an expedition that would leave
951:
852:
689:
Domínguez, Francisco Atanasio; Adams, Eleanor B.; Chavez, Angelico (March 2012).
628:
A Forgotten Kingdom: The Spanish Frontier in Colorado and New Mexico, 1540-1821
250:
was found guilty of trading illegally with the Comanches, dismissed and fined.
189:
141:
606:
121:
332:
201:
153:
125:
84:
340:
218:
157:
133:
88:
674:
745:"ITALIANOS EN LA ADMINISTRACIÓN TERRITORIAL ESPAÑOLA DEL SIGLO XVIII"
205:
565:
563:
161:
92:
642:
Cadenas y Vicent, Vicente de; Piera, Emilio de Cárdenas (1994).
955:
406:
404:
272:
there does not appear to have been any law against the sale.
196:
and Spanish settlers, surrounded by Plains Indians such as
120:
between 1731 and 1736 at a time when it was a province of
433:
431:
367:
365:
580:
578:
603:"The Governors of Colonial Spanish Florida, 1565-1763"
857:. Rey de Armas de la Real Casa de Borbón Dos Sicilias
454:
452:
450:
448:
446:
422:
300:
in Taos County, about 12 miles (19 km) north of
482:
331:
In 1740, Cruzat y Góngora was appointed governor of
304:, which could also serve as a defensive post. Fray
99:
80:
75:
59:
47:
29:
18:
140:, taking evidence for him in his contest with the
624:"V Rumors of the French in New Mexico, 1723-1737"
569:
530:
518:
1338:Colonial governors of Santa Fe de Nuevo México
669:Cruzat y Gongora, Gervasio (August 18, 1732).
967:
410:
8:
1089:Diego Dionisio de Peñalosa Briceño y Berdugo
605:. University of West Florida. Archived from
395:
974:
960:
952:
716:Ebright, Malcolm; Hendricks, Rick (2006).
371:
15:
999:Cristóbal de Oñate (son of Juan de Oñate)
797:John, Elizabeth Ann Harper (1996-09-01).
506:
437:
383:
136:, between 1740 and 1742. He assisted the
743:Irles Vicente, María del Carmen (1997).
1315:List of Mexican governors of New Mexico
1169:Jose Chacón Medina Salazar y Villaseñor
673:. University of Arizona. Archived from
494:
470:
458:
361:
827:The Missions of New Mexico Since 1776
584:
554:
7:
542:
246:. In 1735 the lieutenant alcalde of
899:White Shell Water Place (Softcover)
31:43rd Spanish Governor of New Mexico
926:The Spanish Archives of New Mexico
896:Sanchez, F. Richard (2010-11-05).
483:Domínguez, Adams & Chavez 2012
14:
1234:Francisco Antonio Marín del Valle
923:Twitchell, Ralph Emerson (1914).
423:Cadenas y Vicent & Piera 1994
222:, or irrigation channel, through
869:Pekka, Hamalainen (2009-05-19).
803:. University of Oklahoma Press.
692:The Missions of New Mexico, 1776
1319:List of governors of New Mexico
1024:Francisco Manuel de Silva Nieto
983:Spanish governors of New Mexico
770:James, F. Brooks (2009-09-16).
318:Cruzat ordered the settlers at
1214:Enrique de Olavide y Michelena
1139:Domingo Gironza Petriz Cruzate
1129:Domingo Gironza Petriz Cruzate
1069:Hernando de Ugarte y la Concha
1044:Juan Flores de Sierra y Valdés
929:. Sunstone Press. p. 19.
851:Muñoz Altea, Fernando (2002).
66:Enrique de Olivade y Michelena
1:
1244:Manuel de Portillo y Urrisola
1179:Felix Martínez de Torrelaguna
1029:Francisco de la Mora Ceballos
824:Kessell, John L. (May 2012).
622:Athearn, Frederic J. (1989).
343:, charge he held until 1742.
1174:Juan Ignacio Flores Mogollon
1084:Bernardo López de Mendizábal
1054:Alonso de Pacheco de Herédia
601:Worth, John E. (1988–2007).
570:Ebright & Hendricks 2006
519:Ebright & Hendricks 2006
1279:Joaquín del Real Alencaster
1034:Francisco Martínez de Baeza
752:Revista de Historia Moderna
630:. Bureau of Land Management
1364:
1254:Pedro Fermín de Mendinueta
1204:Juan Domingo de Bustamante
186:Juan Domingo de Bustamante
54:Juan Domingo de Bustamante
1312:
1219:Gaspar Domingo de Mendoza
1209:Gervasio Cruzat y Góngora
1164:Francisco Cuervo y Valdés
1094:Tomé Dominguez de Mendoza
1064:Luis de Guzmán y Figueroa
989:
875:. Yale University Press.
124:, as well as governor of
114:Gervasio Cruzat y Góngora
107:
71:
36:
25:
20:Gervasio Cruzat y Góngora
1239:Mateo Antonio de Mendoza
1194:Antonio Valverde y Cosío
1184:Antonio Valverde y Cosío
1074:Juan de Samaniego y Xaca
152:Góngora was a native of
1199:Juan Estrada de Austria
1134:Pedro Reneros de Posada
1109:Juan de Medrano y Mesía
1079:Juan Manso de Contreras
1019:Felipe de Sotelo Osorio
648:. Ediciones Hidalguia.
170:Fausto Cruzat y Góngora
1299:Pedro María de Allande
1149:Pedro Rodríguez Cubero
1119:Juan Francisco Treviño
1104:Fernando de Villanueva
1014:Juan Álvarez de Eulate
1009:Bernardino de Ceballos
776:. ReadHowYouWant.com.
180:Governor of New Mexico
118:Governor of New Mexico
1269:Fernando de la Concha
1264:Juan Bautista de Anza
1114:Juan Durán de Miranda
1099:Juan Durán de Miranda
531:Cruzat y Gongora 1732
166:Juan Cruzat y Góngora
1348:People from Pamplona
1249:Tomás Vélez Cachupín
1229:Tomás Vélez Cachupín
1059:Fernando de Argüello
854:Blasones y apellidos
1343:1730s in New Mexico
872:The Comanche Empire
1124:Antonio de Otermin
902:. Sunstone Press.
830:. Sunstone Press.
695:. Sunstone Press.
609:on 17 October 2013
411:Irles Vicente 1997
1325:
1324:
1189:Juan Páez Hurtado
1159:Juan Páez Hurtado
936:978-0-86534-683-3
909:978-0-86534-787-8
882:978-0-300-15117-6
837:978-0-86534-870-7
810:978-0-8061-2869-6
783:978-1-4587-1858-7
729:978-0-8263-2031-5
702:978-0-86534-869-1
655:978-84-87204-83-8
174:Order of Santiago
138:bishop of Durango
111:
110:
1355:
1304:Facundo Melgares
1259:Francisco Trevre
1224:Joaquín Codallos
1004:Pedro de Peralta
976:
969:
962:
953:
947:
945:
943:
919:
917:
916:
892:
890:
889:
865:
863:
862:
847:
845:
844:
820:
818:
817:
793:
791:
790:
766:
764:
763:
749:
739:
737:
736:
712:
710:
709:
685:
683:
682:
665:
663:
662:
638:
636:
635:
618:
616:
614:
588:
582:
573:
572:, p. 28-29.
567:
558:
552:
546:
540:
534:
528:
522:
516:
510:
504:
498:
492:
486:
480:
474:
468:
462:
456:
441:
435:
426:
420:
414:
408:
399:
396:Muñoz Altea 2002
393:
387:
381:
375:
369:
280:Cruzat issued a
269:Santa Ana Pueblo
76:Personal details
62:
50:
41:
16:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1321:
1308:
1274:Fernando Chacón
1154:Diego de Vargas
1144:Diego de Vargas
1049:Francisco Gomes
985:
980:
950:
941:
939:
937:
922:
914:
912:
910:
895:
887:
885:
883:
868:
860:
858:
850:
842:
840:
838:
823:
815:
813:
811:
796:
788:
786:
784:
769:
761:
759:
747:
742:
734:
732:
730:
715:
707:
705:
703:
688:
680:
678:
668:
660:
658:
656:
641:
633:
631:
621:
612:
610:
600:
591:
583:
576:
568:
561:
553:
549:
541:
537:
529:
525:
517:
513:
505:
501:
493:
489:
481:
477:
469:
465:
457:
444:
436:
429:
421:
417:
409:
402:
394:
390:
382:
378:
372:Worth 1988–2007
370:
363:
349:
329:
286:alcades mayores
278:
256:
214:
182:
150:
60:
48:
42:
37:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1361:
1359:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1330:
1329:
1323:
1322:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1294:Alberto Maynez
1291:
1286:
1284:Alberto Maynez
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
990:
987:
986:
981:
979:
978:
971:
964:
956:
949:
948:
935:
920:
908:
893:
881:
866:
848:
836:
821:
809:
794:
782:
767:
740:
728:
713:
701:
686:
666:
654:
639:
619:
597:
590:
589:
587:, p. 202.
574:
559:
547:
545:, p. 256.
535:
523:
521:, p. 279.
511:
509:, p. 188.
507:Twitchell 1914
499:
497:, p. 156.
487:
475:
463:
442:
438:Twitchell 1914
427:
415:
413:, p. 166.
400:
398:, p. 356.
388:
384:Twitchell 1914
376:
360:
348:
345:
328:
325:
277:
276:Plains Indians
274:
261:Pueblo Indians
255:
254:Pueblo Indians
252:
213:
210:
194:Pueblo Indians
181:
178:
149:
146:
109:
108:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
82:
78:
77:
73:
72:
69:
68:
63:
57:
56:
51:
45:
44:
34:
33:
27:
26:
23:
22:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1360:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1320:
1316:
1311:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1289:José Manrique
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1039:Luis de Rosas
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
994:Juan de Oñate
992:
991:
988:
984:
977:
972:
970:
965:
963:
958:
957:
954:
938:
932:
928:
927:
921:
911:
905:
901:
900:
894:
884:
878:
874:
873:
867:
856:
855:
849:
839:
833:
829:
828:
822:
812:
806:
802:
801:
795:
785:
779:
775:
774:
768:
757:
753:
746:
741:
731:
725:
722:. UNM Press.
721:
720:
714:
704:
698:
694:
693:
687:
677:on 2012-12-04
676:
672:
667:
657:
651:
647:
646:
640:
629:
625:
620:
608:
604:
599:
598:
596:
595:
586:
581:
579:
575:
571:
566:
564:
560:
557:, p. 36.
556:
551:
548:
544:
539:
536:
532:
527:
524:
520:
515:
512:
508:
503:
500:
496:
491:
488:
485:, p. 73.
484:
479:
476:
473:, p. 82.
472:
467:
464:
460:
455:
453:
451:
449:
447:
443:
440:, p. 20.
439:
434:
432:
428:
425:, p. 98.
424:
419:
416:
412:
407:
405:
401:
397:
392:
389:
386:, p. 19.
385:
380:
377:
373:
368:
366:
362:
359:
358:
354:
353:
346:
344:
342:
338:
334:
326:
324:
321:
316:
314:
313:Sandia Pueblo
309:
307:
303:
299:
294:
291:
287:
283:
275:
273:
270:
266:
262:
253:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
236:alcalde mayor
233:
229:
225:
221:
220:
211:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
179:
177:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
147:
145:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
83:
79:
74:
70:
67:
64:
58:
55:
52:
46:
40:
35:
32:
28:
24:
17:
1208:
940:. Retrieved
925:
913:. Retrieved
898:
886:. Retrieved
871:
859:. Retrieved
853:
841:. Retrieved
826:
814:. Retrieved
799:
787:. Retrieved
772:
760:. Retrieved
755:
751:
733:. Retrieved
718:
706:. Retrieved
691:
679:. Retrieved
675:the original
659:. Retrieved
644:
632:. Retrieved
627:
611:. Retrieved
607:the original
593:
592:
550:
538:
526:
514:
502:
495:Sanchez 2010
490:
478:
471:Kessell 2012
466:
459:Athearn 1989
418:
391:
379:
356:
355:
351:
350:
330:
317:
310:
306:Juan Mirabel
295:
285:
281:
279:
257:
235:
227:
217:
215:
192:occupied by
183:
151:
113:
112:
61:Succeeded by
38:
298:Rio Trampas
224:Albuquerque
142:Franciscans
49:Preceded by
1332:Categories
942:10 October
915:2012-10-10
888:2012-10-10
861:2012-10-10
843:2012-10-10
816:2012-10-10
789:2012-10-10
762:2012-10-10
735:2012-10-10
708:2012-10-10
681:2012-10-10
661:2012-10-10
634:2012-10-10
613:13 October
585:James 2009
555:Pekka 2009
347:References
327:Last years
320:Santa Cruz
232:Bernalillo
190:Rio Grande
543:John 1996
357:Citations
337:Pensacola
164:) son of
148:Biography
130:Pensacola
122:New Spain
43:1731–1736
39:In office
333:Presidio
290:Galisteo
234:and the
202:Comanche
154:Pamplona
126:Presidio
85:Pamplona
594:Sources
341:Florida
284:to the
228:alcalde
219:acequia
212:Spanish
158:Navarre
134:Florida
103:Unknown
89:Navarre
933:
906:
879:
834:
807:
780:
726:
699:
652:
265:Isleta
240:Laguna
206:Apache
198:Navajo
748:(PDF)
352:Notes
339:, in
282:Bando
248:Chama
244:Acoma
162:Spain
132:, in
93:Spain
944:2012
931:ISBN
904:ISBN
877:ISBN
832:ISBN
805:ISBN
778:ISBN
758:(16)
724:ISBN
697:ISBN
650:ISBN
615:2013
302:Taos
242:and
204:and
156:(in
116:was
100:Died
81:Born
335:of
263:of
238:of
230:of
128:of
1334::
1317:·
754:.
750:.
626:.
577:^
562:^
445:^
430:^
403:^
364:^
208:.
200:,
160:,
144:.
91:,
975:e
968:t
961:v
946:.
918:.
891:.
864:.
846:.
819:.
792:.
765:.
756:5
738:.
711:.
684:.
664:.
637:.
617:.
533:.
461:.
374:.
95:)
87:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.