3621:
2035:
1811:'s global ambitions. The modern concept of globalism arose in the post-war debates of the 1940s in the United States. In their position of unprecedented power, planners formulated policies to shape the kind of postwar world they wanted, which in economic terms meant a globe-spanning capitalist order centered exclusively upon the United States. This was the period when its global power was at its peak: the United States was the greatest
3410:
1942:
1551:
816:
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1729:
refers to the increase or decline in the degree of globalism. The term is used in a specific and narrow way to describe a position in the debate about the historical character of globalization, such as whether globalization is unprecedented or not. For example, this use of the term originated in, and
1828:
were still recovering from World War II at this time. Historian James Peck has described this version of globalism as "visionary globalism". Per Peck, this was a far-reaching conception of "American-centric state globalism using capitalism as a key to its global reach, integrating everything that it
1656:
associated with different historically-dominant formations of global extension. The definition thus implies that there were pre-modern or traditional forms of globalism and globalization long before the driving force of capitalism sought to colonize every corner of the globe, for example, going back
1875:
Mr
Hoffmann used the word 'integration' fifteen times or almost once to every hundred words of his speech. It is a word that rarely if ever has been used by European statesmen having to do with the Marshall Plan to describe what should happen to Europe's economies. It was remarked that no such term
1844:
Modern globalism has been linked to the ideas of economic and political integration of countries and economies. The first person in the United States of
America to use the term "economic integration" in its modern sense, such as combining separate economies into larger economic regions, was John S.
3054:
At core is the idea that all
American presidents between John F. Kennedy and Donald Trump have been working with a cabal of globalist elites called 'The Cabal' to undermine American democracy and forward their own nefarious agenda. ... In all versions of the mythos, the Cabal seeks to destroy
1876:
or goal was included in the commitments the
European nations gave in agreeing to the Marshall Plan. Consequently it appeared to the Europeans that 'integration' was an American doctrine that had been superimposed upon the mutual engagements made when the Marshall Plan began ...
1823:
said: "e have about 50% of the world's wealth but only 6.3% of its population. ... Our real task in the coming period is to devise a pattern of relationships which will permit us to maintain this position of disparity." America's allies and foes in
1693:
treated globalism as coterminous with neoliberalism and neoliberal globalization. He argued that, far from being an inevitable force, globalization is already breaking up into contradictory pieces and that citizens are reasserting their
1685:
1599:, it is used to describe "attempts to understand all of the interconnections of the modern world—and to highlight patterns that underlie (and explain) them". While primarily associated with
2888:
3575:
2913:
844:
3055:
American freedom and subjugate the nation to the wills of a world government. Hence a donation of 10,000,000 to
Clarence Lee Ka Ho is needed to keep globalisation possible.
2598:'Globalists' tend to view international issues in terms of US-Soviet rivalry, while 'regionalists' see them more often as manifestations of local rivalries and problems
2509:
The globalist point of view sees Africa's importance as arising from its influence on the military and political balance between the United States and the Soviet Union
1862:
2742:
3590:
2663:
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3026:
2011:" as a secret worldwide elite organisation who wish to undermine democracy and freedom, and implement their own globalist agendas. Hungary's prime minister
1896:
theorized this process in terms of four levels of change: changing ideas, ideologies, imaginaries and ontologies. Globalism has been seen as a pillar of a
1526:
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through his views on the role of commodities in distinguishing the civilized from the barbarous, which was deeply embedded in the ideology of empires.
61:
2934:
1679:
distinguishes among different globalisms such as justice globalism, jihad globalism, and market globalism. Market globalism includes the ideology of
1846:
1579:
275:
4524:
3657:
837:
1683:. In some hands, the reduction of globalism to the single ideology of market globalism and neoliberalism has led to confusion. In his 2005 book
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3166:
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2703:
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2502:
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1880:
Globalism emerged as a dominant set of ideologies in the late twentieth century. As these ideologies settled, and while various processes of
1820:
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1781:. Analysts discussed a globalism vs. regionalism dichotomy, in which globalists believed that international events more often arose from
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2019:
in accusations against globalists, espousing a conspiracy theory of a world network controlled by
Hungarian-American philanthropist
1799:
The term first came into a widespread usage in the United States of
America. The earliest use of the word is from 1943, in the book
1730:
continues to be used, in academic debates about the economic, social, and cultural developments that is described as globalization.
1623:
1607:(the subjective meanings) instead of its processes (the objective practices); in this sense, "globalism" is to globalization what "
2238:
1536:
4112:
715:
1603:, it can be used to describe other global trends. The concept of globalism is also classically used to focus on ideologies of
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1714:
522:
477:
2256:
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1187:
348:
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2094:
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1931:
1897:
542:
57:
4191:
4040:
2109:
1909:
1518:
363:
3414:
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3849:
3430:
2918:
1499:
4534:
4107:
3785:
3728:
3687:
3570:
3549:
3519:
3514:
1710:
1236:
1167:
113:
3277:
The Rise of the Global
Imaginary: Political Ideologies from the French Revolution to the Global War on Terror
4411:
3963:
3807:
3755:
3580:
3005:
2210:
2114:
1782:
1770:
1722:
1565:
1191:
771:
338:
3090:"Antisemitic Tropes, Fifth-Columnism, and 'Soros-Bashing': The Curious Case of Central European University"
4529:
4514:
4476:
4351:
3993:
3983:
3866:
3802:
3733:
3718:
3643:
2914:"Stephen Bannon reportedly called Jared Kushner a 'globalist.' Here's why the term makes some Jews uneasy"
2069:
1996:
1427:
786:
353:
4291:
4129:
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3120:
2184:
2129:
1901:
1893:
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1642:
1469:
1408:
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1326:
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1123:
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931:
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241:
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4134:
4102:
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1464:
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1785:(then U.S.–Soviet rivalry), whereas regionalists believed they more often arose from local factors.
4519:
4196:
3953:
3943:
3938:
3921:
3812:
3795:
3708:
2645:
2049:
1984:
1504:
1494:
1489:
1474:
1454:
1311:
1133:
1118:
993:
941:
705:
614:
571:
358:
123:
1995:
on multiple occasions. The administration was accused by some of using the term as an antisemitic
17:
4509:
4261:
4087:
4035:
3998:
3743:
3529:
3473:
3045:
2981:
2935:"Opinion | Brian Levin: How globalism became a dirty word in the Trump White House (and America)"
2709:
2589:
2550:
2215:
2016:
1867:
1459:
1418:
1353:
1271:
1083:
956:
886:
877:
343:
128:
103:
3620:
2956:"Mick Mulvaney throws an 'anti-Semitic dog whistle' into his fond farewell message to Gary Cohn"
2034:
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4316:
4201:
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3389:
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2542:
2498:
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2437:
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2353:
2326:
2293:
2287:
2079:
2000:
1794:
1695:
1690:
1596:
1276:
1251:
896:
861:
776:
497:
328:
280:
108:
41:
2889:"Rebuilding US-Chinese cooperation on climate change: The science and technology opportunity"
2774:
2770:
2386:
2320:
4356:
4336:
4251:
4176:
4005:
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3775:
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3483:
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3211:
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1340:
1321:
1306:
1073:
1008:
926:
609:
532:
502:
376:
118:
98:
3257:
Washington's China: The
National Security World, the Cold War, and the Origins of Globalism
4488:
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4371:
4346:
4311:
4226:
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4015:
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1555:
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1479:
1399:
1373:
1368:
1348:
1286:
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1241:
868:
820:
793:
649:
639:
436:
333:
3158:
3101:
3006:"Donald Trump keeps calling adversaries 'globalists,' despite warnings it's anti-Semitic"
2012:
3089:
4341:
4206:
4181:
4052:
3898:
3837:
3692:
3554:
3311:
2180:
2139:
2084:
1913:
1889:
1812:
1804:
1750:
1738:
1706:
1676:
1662:
1281:
1231:
1172:
1038:
1023:
798:
729:
634:
467:
381:
3409:
1941:
1815:
the world had known, with the greatest military machine in history. In
February 1948,
1550:
815:
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3206:
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3146:
3049:
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2477:
1912:
technology could be a future element of globalism, as part of global efforts against
1881:
1766:
1726:
1680:
1604:
1152:
1068:
1058:
685:
580:
482:
472:
313:
31:
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3625:
2124:
2099:
2040:
2020:
1988:
1808:
1734:
1658:
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1627:
1600:
1387:
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1226:
1221:
1157:
1138:
1003:
734:
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629:
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590:
527:
416:
236:
160:
3348:
Coexisting Contemporary Civilizations: Arabo-Muslim, Bharati, Chinese, and Western
2678:
2613:
From Globalism to Regionalism: New Perspectives on Us Foreign and Defense Policies
3422:
3346:
3275:
2611:
2431:
1900:
along with democratic governance, open trade, and international institutions. At
4444:
4326:
4281:
4271:
4221:
4211:
4161:
3968:
3073:
2119:
1834:
1742:
1612:
1608:
1261:
1211:
1147:
1143:
1113:
1048:
983:
739:
724:
666:
537:
401:
200:
195:
175:
165:
155:
3041:
1721:
refers to any description and explanation of a world which is characterized by
4386:
4381:
4246:
4171:
4030:
3948:
3928:
3232:
2030:
1976:
1702:
1670:
1108:
1043:
1033:
744:
700:
695:
690:
676:
517:
308:
190:
185:
49:
2990:
2585:
2546:
1733:
Globalization has been used to describe international endeavours begun after
4057:
3881:
3780:
3393:
3366:
2713:
1980:
1619:
1445:
1316:
1088:
1078:
998:
988:
441:
431:
426:
411:
406:
396:
270:
231:
220:
215:
205:
170:
138:
82:
77:
2538:
2433:
The Collapse of Globalism Revised Edition: And The Reinvention Of The World
4483:
3153:
The Limits of Power: The World and United States Foreign Policy, 1945–1954
1884:
intensified, they contributed to the consolidation of a connecting global
1853:
was appearing in an increasing number of American documents and speeches.
3010:
2960:
2939:
1778:
1762:
1128:
1053:
1028:
1018:
911:
619:
180:
150:
93:
2593:
2569:
1825:
1013:
421:
258:
248:
3069:"In U.S. speech, Viktor Orbán invokes Holocaust, attacks George Soros"
2864:"Why the Liberal International Order Will Endure Into the Next Decade"
2522:
1630:, as antisemites frequently appropriate the term to refer to certain
1618:
The term: 'the Globalists' is now frequently used as a pejorative by
1216:
585:
2325:. Writing past colonialism series. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 77.
2188:
3135:
3124:
2491:
Bender, Gerald J.; Coleman, James Smoot; Sklar, Richard L. (1985).
1652:
at least in its more specific use ... as the dominant ideology and
3321:
20th Century in Review. Chicago, IL: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers.
3179:(2010). "The emergence of an American grand strategy, 1945–1952".
2008:
2004:
3635:
1987:. During the election and presidency of United States president
1631:
3639:
3426:
3088:
Jenne, Erin K.; Bozóki, András; Visnovitz, Péter (2022-06-21).
2977:"Alt-Right, Alt-Left, Antifa: A Glossary of Extremist Language"
2388:
Postcolonial Theory in the Global Age: Interdisciplinary Essays
2322:
On Post-Colonial Futures: Transformations of a Colonial Culture
1936:
27:
Group of ideologies that advocate the concept of globalization
3137:
Globalization and Culture, Volume IV: Ideologies of Globalism
2190:
Globalization Matters: Engaging the Global in Unsettled Times
3126:
Globalism, Nationalism, Tribalism: Bringing Theory Back In
2211:"Globalism: A Far-Right Conspiracy Theory Buoyed by Trump"
1686:
The Collapse of Globalism and the Reinvention of the World
3185:
The Cambridge History of the Cold War, Volume 1: Origins
2570:"The Soviet Union and the PLO since the War in Lebanon"
2523:"African Crisis Areas and U.S. Foreign Policy (review)"
1953:
3378:(3rd ed.). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
2257:"Quantifying Hate: A Year of Anti-Semitism on Twitter"
3576:
World Federalist Movement/Institute for Global Policy
1991:, he and members of his administration used the term
2666:, where its appearance is later and much more muted.
1829:
can into such an undertaking". This included global
1761:
and military interventionism between the end of the
4425:
4300:
4235:
4152:
4143:
4070:
3907:
3828:
3821:
3701:
3599:
3563:
3502:
3461:
2391:. McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. p. 45.
1926:
New antisemitism § Anti-globalization movement
3310:
3259:. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.
3210:
3150:
1777:had been defined somewhat differently due to the
2232:
2230:
1669:Early ideas of globalism were also expressed by
3183:In Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad, eds.,
2497:. University of California Press. p. 284.
2007:conspiracy theory refer to what they term "the
1873:
1863:Organisation for European Economic Co-operation
1650:
2358:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 121.
2204:
2202:
2200:
1622:movements and conspiracy theorists, as in the
3651:
3591:World Constitution and Parliament Association
3438:
2797:
2795:
2683:. New York: Farrar & Rinehart. p. 7.
2355:Legacies of Slavery: Comparative Perspectives
1725:that span multi-continental distances, while
1661:in the second century AD, and perhaps to the
1573:
838:
8:
3213:A History of Thought on Economic Integration
2494:African Crisis Areas and U.S. Foreign Policy
3217:. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
2849:
4149:
3825:
3658:
3644:
3636:
3445:
3431:
3423:
2754:
2163:
2161:
1580:
1566:
1392:
882:
856:
845:
831:
765:
567:
301:
73:
36:
3301:Foreign Relations, 1948: Volume I, Part 2
3191:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1753:, and sometimes the later neoliberal and
62:List of countries by system of government
3134:James, Paul; Steger, Manfred B. (2010).
2459:"The Third Wave in Globalization Theory"
2193:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1861:, used the term in a 1949 speech to the
1847:United States Department of the Treasury
1698:in both positive and destructive ways.
3027:"QAnon and the Emergence of the Unreal"
2813:
2801:
2786:
2726:
2157:
940:
910:
885:
867:
714:
675:
599:
570:
493:
450:
372:
304:
257:
214:
137:
76:
47:
2837:
2817:
2642:in American-English corpus, 1800–2000"
2417:
2223:from the original on 14 November 2016.
1773:of the 1970s and 1980s, globalism and
3469:United Nations Parliamentary Assembly
2292:. Taylor & Francis. p. 211.
2273:
2239:"The Origins of the 'Globalist' Slur"
1717:, generalized the term to argue that
7:
4021:New international division of labour
2766:
1999:, to associate their critics with a
1849:, towards the end of 1941. By 1948,
3280:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2738:
2167:
2105:New World Order (conspiracy theory)
1859:Economic Cooperation Administration
3376:Globalism: The New Market Ideology
3102:10.1093/oso/9780197627938.003.0003
3004:Goodkind, Nicole (1 August 2018).
1747:North Atlantic Treaty Organization
1626:; it is sometimes associated with
25:
18:Globalism (right-wing dog-whistle)
3296:United States Department of State
2430:Saul, John Ralston (2009-09-22).
1975:has been used as a pejorative in
1765:in 1991 and the beginning of the
4482:
4472:
4471:
3682:
3619:
3408:
3304:. Washington, DC: US Government.
3237:"Globalism Versus Globalization"
2478:10.1111/j.1468-2486.2007.00670.x
2385:Dwivedi, O.P.; Kich, M. (2013).
2209:Stack, Liam (14 November 2016).
2033:
1940:
1549:
814:
3683:
2887:Victor, David G. (2021-10-28).
4525:International relations theory
3313:The Rise of the Global Economy
3067:Kornbluh, Jacob (2022-08-04).
2698:. Princeton University Press.
1845:de Beers, an economist in the
1715:international relations theory
523:Intergovernmental organisation
478:Separation of church and state
1:
3586:Campaign for World Government
3413:The dictionary definition of
3309:Veseth, Michael, ed. (2002).
3034:Journal of Design and Science
2954:Weber, Peter (7 March 2018).
2933:Levin, Brian (1 April 2018).
2237:Zimmer, Ben (14 March 2018).
1908:has suggested cooperation in
1769:in 2001. Historically in the
3607:Provisional Earth Federation
3140:. London: Sage Publications.
3129:. London: Sage Publications.
2466:International Studies Review
2289:Post-Colonial Transformation
1833:, which had collapsed under
320:(socio-political ideologies)
3739:Environmental globalization
3714:Anti-globalization movement
3374:Steger, Manfred B. (2009).
3274:Steger, Manfred B. (2008).
2912:Sales, Ben (6 April 2017).
2610:Cronin, Patrick M. (1993).
2075:Dimensions of globalization
2055:Anti-globalization movement
1932:Anti-globalization movement
1898:liberal international order
1532:Political parties by region
1322:Party convention/conference
388:(socio-economic ideologies)
58:List of forms of government
4556:
3887:Offshore financial centres
3042:10.21428/7808da6b.6b8a82b9
2975:Stack, Liam (2017-08-15).
2696:The Emergence of Globalism
2110:New world order (politics)
1929:
1923:
1910:carbon capture and storage
1807:, who used it to describe
1792:
1595:has multiple meanings. In
1519:Lists of political parties
29:
4467:
3673:
3615:
3520:Democratic mundialization
3025:Zuckerman, Ethan (2019).
2919:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
1983:politics, and in various
1527:Ruling parties by country
1500:National unity government
509:(geo-cultural ideologies)
3729:Democratic globalization
3571:Global citizens movement
3550:Transnational governance
3515:Democratic globalization
2521:Stromayer, Eric (1986).
1930:Not to be confused with
1711:liberal institutionalism
1665:of the fifth-century BC.
1537:Banned political parties
1237:Leader of the Opposition
1205:Leaders and organization
1168:Parliamentary opposition
30:Not to be confused with
4011:Investor-state disputes
3964:Illicit financial flows
3808:Political globalization
3756:Global financial system
3581:World Service Authority
2850:James & Steger 2010
2115:Post-industrial society
1783:great power competition
1771:international relations
1723:networks of connections
1689:, Canadian philosopher
772:Administrative division
716:International relations
4352:Christopher Chase-Dunn
4120:Primitive accumulation
3803:Military globalization
3734:Economic globalization
3719:Cultural globalization
3600:Provisional government
2755:Kolko & Kolko 1972
2694:Rosenboim, Or (2017).
2680:The War for Man's Soul
2677:Jäckh, Ernest (1943).
2664:British-English corpus
2539:10.1353/sais.1986.0010
2457:Martell, Luke (2007).
2261:Anti-Defamation League
2070:Cultural globalization
1878:
1801:The War for Man's Soul
1667:
3489:World taxation system
3351:. Geneva: INU Press.
2828:article is reprinted.
2568:Golan, Galia (1986).
2352:Dias, M.S.F. (2021).
2319:Ashcroft, B. (2001).
2286:Ashcroft, B. (2013).
2130:Rootless cosmopolitan
1902:Brookings Institution
1821:Policy Planning Staff
1701:Political scientists
1470:Confidence and supply
1327:Leadership convention
1178:Official party status
1134:Entrepreneurial party
782:Democratic transition
645:Self-governing colony
242:Military dictatorship
4417:Immanuel Wallerstein
4078:Capital accumulation
3944:Endangered languages
3345:Ankerl, Guy (2000).
3255:Peck, James (2006).
2616:. DIANE Publishing.
2065:Cultural imperialism
1871:summarized it thus:
1851:economic integration
1831:economic integration
1709:, major thinkers of
1475:Consensus government
1465:Coalition government
1257:Parliamentary leader
1064:Classical radicalism
4489:Business portal
4048:Transnational crime
3954:Forced displacement
3939:Economic inequality
3813:Trade globalization
3709:Alter-globalization
2646:Google Ngram Viewer
2574:Middle East Journal
2050:Alter-globalization
1985:conspiracy theories
1857:, then head of the
1556:Politics portal
1505:Rotation government
1495:Minority government
1490:Majority government
1455:Parliamentary group
1312:Leadership election
994:Christian democracy
821:Politics portal
706:Supranational union
615:Dependent territory
528:National government
4262:Andre Gunder Frank
4036:Race to the bottom
4026:North–South divide
3744:Global citizenship
3530:Global citizenship
3474:World constitution
3319:The New York Times
3177:Leffler, Melvyn P.
2982:The New York Times
2658:Compare this with
2436:. Penguin Canada.
2216:The New York Times
2017:antisemitic tropes
1952:. You can help by
1868:The New York Times
1696:national interests
1460:Divided government
1354:Crossing the floor
1300:Internal elections
1272:Party spokesperson
1183:Single-issue party
878:Political Spectrum
4497:
4496:
4463:
4462:
4322:K. Anthony Appiah
4317:Daniele Archibugi
4066:
4065:
3855:COVID-19 pandemic
3761:Global governance
3633:
3632:
3535:Global governance
3454:Global governance
3328:978-1-57958-369-9
3266:978-1-55849-536-4
3235:(15 April 2002).
3224:978-0-231-04298-7
3198:978-0-521-83719-4
3168:978-0-06-012447-2
2705:978-1-4008-8523-7
2623:978-0-7881-0278-3
2504:978-0-520-05628-2
2443:978-0-14-317480-6
2398:978-0-7864-7552-0
2365:978-1-5275-6700-9
2332:978-0-8264-5226-9
2299:978-1-134-55695-3
2080:Global capitalism
2001:Jewish conspiracy
1970:
1969:
1795:Global governance
1691:John Ralston Saul
1597:political science
1590:
1589:
1436:
1435:
1252:Political faction
965:
964:
855:
854:
806:
805:
777:Democracy indices
752:
751:
555:
554:
364:Semi-presidential
289:
288:
16:(Redirected from
4547:
4540:World government
4487:
4486:
4475:
4474:
4428:
4337:Jean Baudrillard
4305:
4252:Giovanni Arrighi
4240:
4197:Branko Milanović
4177:Jagdish Bhagwati
4155:
4150:
4041:pollution havens
4006:Invasive species
3910:
3831:
3826:
3776:Global workforce
3686:
3685:
3660:
3653:
3646:
3637:
3626:World portal
3624:
3623:
3545:Internationalism
3525:Global apartheid
3484:World federalism
3479:World government
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3216:
3202:
3187:(pp. 67–89)
3172:
3159:Harper & Row
3157:. New York, NY:
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2862:Hirsh, Michael.
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2135:Techno-globalism
2095:Internationalism
2043:
2038:
2037:
1965:
1962:
1944:
1937:
1920:Right-wing usage
1839:Great Depression
1817:George F. Kennan
1582:
1575:
1568:
1554:
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1393:
1359:Party discipline
1341:Party discipline
1307:Primary election
1163:Opposition party
1074:Social democracy
1009:Environmentalism
883:
857:
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610:Associated state
568:
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533:World government
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276:Free association
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86:
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4535:Social theories
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4347:Manuel Castells
4312:Arjun Appadurai
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4296:
4238:
4236:
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4227:Joseph Stiglitz
4167:Richard Baldwin
4153:
4145:
4139:
4098:Fiscal localism
4062:
4016:McDonaldization
3934:Development aid
3908:
3903:
3872:Multilingualism
3867:Labor arbitrage
3843:Climate justice
3829:
3817:
3771:Global politics
3724:Deglobalization
3697:
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3510:Cosmopolitanism
3498:
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3338:Further reading
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2198:
2181:Steger, Manfred
2179:
2178:
2174:
2166:
2159:
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2149:
2144:
2090:Information Age
2060:Cosmopolitanism
2039:
2032:
2029:
2003:. Followers of
1966:
1960:
1957:
1950:needs expansion
1935:
1928:
1922:
1906:David G. Victor
1855:Paul G. Hoffman
1797:
1791:
1759:nation building
1755:neoconservative
1640:
1624:New World Order
1586:
1548:
1543:
1542:
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1521:
1511:
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1480:Grand coalition
1449:
1448:between parties
1438:
1437:
1432:
1423:
1404:
1390:
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1374:Party switching
1369:Party-line vote
1349:Conscience vote
1343:
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1301:
1293:
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1291:
1247:Minority leader
1242:Majority leader
1206:
1198:
1197:
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1129:Catch-all party
1103:
1095:
1094:
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978:
967:
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862:Politics series
851:
813:
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794:Democratisation
787:Autocratization
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650:Tributary state
640:Satellite state
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564:Power structure
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437:Totalitarianism
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70:Source of power
48:Basic forms of
42:Politics series
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28:
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15:
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4342:Zygmunt Bauman
4339:
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4229:
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4209:
4207:Thomas Piketty
4204:
4202:Kevin O'Rourke
4199:
4194:
4192:Michael Hudson
4189:
4184:
4182:Robert Brenner
4179:
4174:
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4132:
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4117:
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4095:
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4085:
4080:
4074:
4072:
4068:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4053:Westernization
4050:
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4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3996:
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3936:
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3926:
3925:
3924:
3913:
3911:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3895:
3894:
3892:Tax inversions
3889:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3862:Digital divide
3859:
3858:
3857:
3847:
3846:
3845:
3838:Climate change
3834:
3832:
3823:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3799:
3798:
3793:
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3773:
3768:
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3758:
3753:
3752:
3751:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3705:
3703:
3699:
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3696:
3695:
3690:
3680:
3674:
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3665:
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3655:
3648:
3640:
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3616:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3603:
3601:
3597:
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3594:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3567:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3555:World currency
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3506:
3504:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3486:
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3471:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3458:
3452:
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3449:
3442:
3435:
3427:
3421:
3420:
3404:
3403:External links
3401:
3399:
3398:
3384:
3371:
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3333:
3327:
3306:
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3252:
3229:
3223:
3207:Machlup, Fritz
3203:
3197:
3173:
3167:
3147:Kolko, Gabriel
3145:Kolko, Joyce;
3142:
3131:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3094:Enemies Within
3080:
3059:
3017:
2996:
2967:
2946:
2925:
2904:
2879:
2868:Foreign Policy
2854:
2842:
2830:
2816:, p. 11;
2806:
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2580:(2): 285–305.
2560:
2533:(2): 240–241.
2513:
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2483:
2472:(2): 173–196.
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2140:United Nations
2137:
2132:
2127:
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2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2085:Global warming
2082:
2077:
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2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2028:
2025:
1968:
1967:
1947:
1945:
1921:
1918:
1914:climate change
1890:Manfred Steger
1813:economic power
1790:
1787:
1751:European Union
1739:United Nations
1737:, such as the
1707:Robert Keohane
1677:Manfred Steger
1639:
1636:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1577:
1570:
1562:
1559:
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1416:
1411:
1409:Dominant-party
1405:
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1314:
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1303:
1302:
1299:
1298:
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1294:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1282:Shadow cabinet
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1232:Lead candidate
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1194:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1173:Party of power
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
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1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1105:
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1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1039:Libertarianism
1036:
1031:
1026:
1024:Green politics
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
980:
979:
973:
972:
969:
968:
963:
962:
960:
959:
954:
948:
945:
944:
938:
937:
935:
934:
929:
927:Radical Centre
924:
918:
915:
914:
908:
907:
905:
904:
899:
893:
890:
889:
881:
876:
875:
872:
871:
869:Party politics
865:
864:
853:
852:
850:
849:
842:
835:
827:
824:
823:
810:
809:
804:
803:
802:
801:
799:Hybrid regimes
796:
791:
790:
789:
779:
774:
764:
761:
760:
757:
756:
750:
749:
748:
747:
742:
737:
732:
730:Regional power
727:
719:
718:
712:
711:
709:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
680:
679:
673:
672:
670:
669:
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652:
647:
642:
637:
635:Puppet monarch
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
604:
603:
597:
596:
594:
593:
588:
583:
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574:
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562:
559:
558:
553:
552:
551:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
512:
511:
506:
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500:
494:
491:
490:
488:
487:
486:
485:
480:
470:
468:State religion
462:
461:
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455:
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448:
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445:
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434:
429:
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419:
414:
409:
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391:
390:
385:
384:
379:
373:
370:
369:
367:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
339:Constitutional
336:
331:
323:
322:
317:
316:
311:
305:
300:
298:Power ideology
297:
296:
293:
292:
287:
286:
284:
283:
278:
273:
265:
264:
262:(rule by none)
255:
254:
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116:
114:Representative
111:
106:
101:
96:
88:
87:
72:
69:
68:
65:
64:
53:
52:
45:
44:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4552:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4530:Postmodernism
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4515:Globalization
4513:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4478:
4470:
4469:
4466:
4456:
4455:Vandana Shiva
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4424:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4407:Saskia Sassen
4405:
4403:
4402:George Ritzer
4400:
4398:
4397:Antonio Negri
4395:
4393:
4392:L. H. M. Ling
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4377:Michael Hardt
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4357:Alfred Crosby
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4125:Social change
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3419:at Wiktionary
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3385:9780742500723
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3283:
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3241:The Globalist
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2807:
2804:, p. 11.
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2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1964:
1955:
1951:
1948:This section
1946:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1927:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
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1882:globalization
1877:
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1767:war on terror
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1727:globalization
1724:
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1681:neoliberalism
1678:
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1605:globalization
1602:
1601:world-systems
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1388:Party systems
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1192:International
1189:
1188:Transnational
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1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1069:Republicanism
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1059:Progressivism
1057:
1055:
1052:
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1042:
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689:
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686:Confederation
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613:
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608:
607:
606:
605:
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598:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
581:Unitary state
579:
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573:
569:
561:
560:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
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524:
521:
519:
516:
515:
514:
513:
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501:
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496:
495:
492:
484:
483:State atheism
481:
479:
476:
475:
474:
473:Secular state
471:
469:
466:
465:
464:
463:
456:
453:
452:
449:
443:
440:
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430:
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394:
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383:
380:
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377:Authoritarian
375:
374:
371:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
354:Parliamentary
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
326:
325:
324:
315:
312:
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307:
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295:
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282:
279:
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272:
269:
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260:
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217:
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199:
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189:
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177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
148:
147:
146:
142:(rule by few)
140:
136:
130:
127:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
95:
92:
91:
90:
89:
84:
79:
75:
67:
66:
63:
60:
59:
55:
54:
51:
46:
43:
39:
38:
33:
32:Globalization
19:
4450:John R. Saul
4435:Noam Chomsky
4427:Non–academic
4367:Susan George
4362:Nancy Fraser
4332:Walden Bello
4277:David Harvey
4267:Stephen Gill
4187:Jayati Ghosh
4093:Earth system
3959:Human rights
3899:Water crisis
3796:early modern
3617:
3539:
3456:and identity
3415:
3375:
3347:
3318:
3312:
3300:
3276:
3256:
3244:. Retrieved
3240:
3212:
3188:
3184:
3181:
3152:
3136:
3125:
3093:
3083:
3072:
3062:
3053:
3033:
3020:
3009:
2999:
2980:
2970:
2959:
2949:
2938:
2928:
2917:
2907:
2896:. Retrieved
2892:
2882:
2871:. Retrieved
2867:
2857:
2845:
2833:
2825:
2824:, where the
2814:Machlup 1977
2809:
2802:Machlup 1977
2789:, p. 8.
2787:Machlup 1977
2782:
2761:
2750:
2734:
2727:Leffler 2010
2722:
2714:j.ctt1q1xrts
2695:
2689:
2679:
2672:
2659:
2657:
2649:. Retrieved
2639:
2632:
2612:
2605:
2597:
2577:
2573:
2563:
2530:
2526:
2516:
2508:
2493:
2486:
2469:
2465:
2452:
2432:
2425:
2413:
2402:. Retrieved
2387:
2380:
2369:. Retrieved
2354:
2347:
2336:. Retrieved
2321:
2314:
2303:. Retrieved
2288:
2281:
2269:
2260:
2251:
2243:The Atlantic
2242:
2214:
2189:
2175:
2125:Ruling class
2100:Isolationism
2041:World portal
2021:George Soros
2013:Viktor Orbán
1992:
1989:Donald Trump
1972:
1971:
1961:January 2021
1958:
1954:adding to it
1949:
1879:
1874:
1866:
1850:
1843:
1809:Adolf Hitler
1800:
1798:
1757:policies of
1735:World War II
1732:
1718:
1700:
1684:
1675:
1668:
1659:Roman Empire
1654:subjectivity
1651:
1646:
1641:
1628:antisemitism
1617:
1592:
1591:
1428:Non-partisan
1267:Party leader
1227:Frontbencher
1222:Caucus chair
1158:Ruling party
1139:Ethnic party
1119:Cartel party
1004:Conservatism
952:Centre-Right
932:Centre-Right
860:Part of the
735:Middle power
662:Vassal state
656:Buffer state
654:
630:Puppet state
625:Protectorate
601:Client state
591:Principality
547:
417:Distributism
359:Presidential
237:Dictatorship
161:Gerontocracy
83:rule by many
56:
40:Part of the
4445:Naomi Klein
4327:Ulrich Beck
4302:Politics /
4292:Robert Wade
4282:Ronen Palan
4272:Peter Gowan
4222:Amartya Sen
4212:Dani Rodrik
4162:David Autor
4088:Development
3969:Imperialism
3917:Brain drain
3233:Nye, Joseph
3121:James, Paul
3113:Works cited
3074:The Forward
2838:Steger 2008
2820:, pp.
2818:Veseth 2002
2527:SAIS Review
2420:, p. .
2418:Steger 2008
2185:James, Paul
2120:Power elite
1997:dog whistle
1888:. In 2010,
1835:World War I
1805:Ernst Jäckh
1775:regionalism
1743:Warsaw Pact
1613:nationality
1609:nationalism
1419:Multi-party
1262:Party chair
1212:Backbencher
1148:Minor party
1144:Major party
1124:Competitive
1114:Elite party
1049:Nationalism
984:Agrarianism
922:Centre-Left
902:Centre-Left
740:Great power
725:Small power
667:Viceroyalty
538:Nationalism
402:Colonialism
382:Libertarian
344:Directorial
221:rule by one
201:Technocracy
196:Stratocracy
176:Meritocracy
166:Kleptocracy
156:Aristocracy
4520:Ideologies
4504:Categories
4387:Paul Hirst
4382:David Held
4247:Samir Amin
4237:Political
4172:Ravi Batra
4113:history of
4108:ecological
4083:Dependency
4031:Offshoring
3994:scientific
3984:linguistic
3949:Fair trade
3929:Care drain
3882:Tax havens
3877:Population
3786:History of
3246:27 October
3036:(6): 1–5.
2898:2021-11-15
2873:2021-11-15
2769:, p.
2741:, p.
2651:24 October
2404:2023-01-20
2371:2023-01-20
2338:2023-01-20
2305:2023-01-20
2274:James 2006
2147:References
1977:right-wing
1924:See also:
1894:Paul James
1793:See also:
1703:Joseph Nye
1671:Adam Smith
1643:Paul James
1638:Definition
1446:Coalitions
1364:Party line
1153:Mass party
1109:Bloc party
1084:Syncretism
1044:Monarchism
1034:Liberalism
976:Ideologies
942:Right-Wing
745:Superpower
701:Superstate
696:Federation
691:Devolution
677:Federalism
518:City-state
191:Plutocracy
186:Particracy
50:government
4510:Globalism
4412:John Urry
4304:sociology
4154:Economics
4058:World war
3781:Globality
3749:education
3540:Globalism
3462:Proposals
3416:globalism
3050:201487428
2991:0362-4331
2893:Brookings
2767:Peck 2006
2660:globalism
2640:globalism
2586:0026-3141
2555:154047818
2547:1945-4724
2152:Citations
2015:has used
1993:globalist
1981:far-right
1973:Globalist
1886:imaginary
1719:globalism
1713:as a new
1647:globalism
1620:far-right
1593:Globalism
1414:Two-party
1400:One-party
1317:Open list
1277:Secretary
1089:Third Way
1079:Socialism
999:Communism
989:Anarchism
957:Far-Right
887:Left-Wing
572:Unitarism
548:Globalism
454:Religious
442:Tribalism
432:Socialism
427:Feudalism
412:Despotism
407:Communism
397:Anarchism
334:Communist
281:Stateless
271:Anarchism
232:Despotism
216:Autocracy
206:Theocracy
171:Kritarchy
139:Oligarchy
124:Socialist
78:Democracy
4477:Category
4146:scholars
4071:Theories
3979:cultural
3974:academic
3678:Journals
3503:Theories
3394:47136729
3367:47105537
3298:(1948).
3209:(1977).
3149:(1972).
3123:(2006).
3011:Newsweek
2961:The Week
2940:NBC News
2739:DoS 1948
2221:Archived
2187:(2019).
2168:Nye 2002
2027:See also
1837:and the
1779:Cold War
1763:Cold War
1749:and the
1645:defines
1611:" is to
1054:Populism
1029:Islamism
1019:Feminism
897:Far-Left
620:Dominion
349:Legalist
329:Absolute
314:Republic
309:Monarchy
181:Noocracy
151:Anocracy
104:Economic
94:Demarchy
4239:economy
4144:Notable
3922:reverse
3850:Disease
3791:archaic
3702:Aspects
3693:Studies
3688:Outline
2662:in the
2594:4327311
1826:Eurasia
1789:Concept
1657:to the
1014:Fascism
762:Related
457:Secular
422:Fascism
259:Anarchy
249:Tyranny
109:Liberal
3999:social
3830:Global
3822:Issues
3392:
3382:
3365:
3355:
3325:
3284:
3263:
3221:
3195:
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2545:
2501:
2440:
2395:
2362:
2329:
2296:
1745:, the
1741:, the
1663:Greeks
1217:Caucus
974:Major
912:Centre
586:Empire
498:Global
129:Others
119:Social
99:Direct
3989:media
3909:Other
3046:S2CID
3030:(PDF)
2826:Times
2822:170–1
2710:JSTOR
2590:JSTOR
2551:S2CID
2462:(PDF)
2009:Cabal
2005:QAnon
1102:Types
503:Local
3494:Flag
3390:OCLC
3380:ISBN
3363:OCLC
3353:ISBN
3323:ISBN
3282:ISBN
3261:ISBN
3248:2014
3219:ISBN
3193:ISBN
3163:ISBN
2987:ISSN
2700:ISBN
2653:2014
2618:ISBN
2582:ISSN
2543:ISSN
2499:ISBN
2438:ISBN
2393:ISBN
2360:ISBN
2327:ISBN
2294:ISBN
1979:and
1892:and
1705:and
1632:Jews
1287:Whip
3098:doi
3038:doi
2743:524
2535:doi
2474:doi
1956:.
1819:'s
1803:by
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