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508:, through which he became acquainted with the more precise mathematics tradition in continental Europe. In 1900 he passed part II of the Tripos, and in the same year he was elected to a Prize Fellowship at Trinity College. In 1903 he earned his M.A., which was the highest academic degree at English universities at that time. When his Prize Fellowship expired in 1906 he was appointed to the Trinity staff as a lecturer in mathematics, where teaching six hours per week left him time for research.
429:; his mother had been a senior mistress at Lincoln Training College for teachers. Both of his parents were mathematically inclined, though neither had a university education. He and his sister Gertrude "Gertie" Emily Hardy (1878–1963) were brought up by their educationally enlightened parents in a typical Victorian nursery attended by a nurse. At an early age, he argued with his nurse about the existence of Santa Claus and the efficacy of prayer. He read aloud to his sister books such as
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783:, to be among the "real" mathematicians, whose work "has permanent aesthetic value" and "is eternal because the best of it may, like the best literature, continue to cause intense emotional satisfaction to thousands of people after thousands of years." Although he admitted that what he called "real" mathematics may someday become useful, he asserted that, at the time in which the
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activities should keep it gentle and clean." Hardy also rejected as a "delusion" the belief that the difference between pure and applied mathematics had anything to do with their utility. Hardy regards as "pure" the kinds of mathematics that are independent of the physical world, but also considers some "applied" mathematicians, such as the physicists
519:(1910). Hardy read the letter in the morning, suspected it was a crank or a prank, but thought it over and realized in the evening that it was likely genuine because "great mathematicians are commoner than thieves or humbugs of such incredible skill". He then invited Ramanujan to Cambridge and began "the one romantic incident in my life".
795:
Hardy was extremely shy as a child and was socially awkward, cold and eccentric throughout his life. During his school years, he was top of his class in most subjects, and won many prizes and awards but hated having to receive them in front of the entire school. He was uncomfortable being introduced
774:
that mathematicians generally do not "glory in the uselessness of their work", but rather – because science can be used for evil ends as well as good – "mathematicians may be justified in rejoicing that there is one science at any rate, and that their own, whose very remoteness from ordinary human
572:, which prevented him from playing tennis, squash, etc. He also lost his creative powers in mathematics. He was constantly bored and distracted himself by writing a privately circulated memoir about the Bertrand Russell affair. In the early summer of 1947, he attempted suicide by
409:, when Hardy was asked what his greatest contribution to mathematics was, Hardy unhesitatingly replied that it was the discovery of Ramanujan. In a lecture on Ramanujan, Hardy said that "my association with him is the one romantic incident in my life".
51:
846:, which proved a minor issue as attending the chapel was compulsory at Cambridge University. He wrote a letter to his parents explaining that, and from then on he refused to go into any college chapel, even for purely ritualistic duties.
1586:
685:, who introduced the problem to him in purely mathematical terms. Hardy, who had no interest in genetics and described the mathematical argument as "very simple", may never have realised how important the result became.
819:
were friends. Apart from close friendships, he had a few platonic relationships with young men who shared his sensibilities, and often his love of cricket. A mutual interest in cricket led him to befriend the young
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405:, a relationship that has become celebrated. Hardy almost immediately recognised Ramanujan's extraordinary albeit untutored brilliance, and Hardy and Ramanujan became close collaborators. In an interview by
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for half an hour every day with as much interest and attention as he did the day's cricket scores, he would have become a rich man. He liked to speak of the best class of mathematical research as "the
2614:
576:. After that, he resolved to simply wait for death. He died suddenly one early morning while listening to his sister read out from a book of the history of Cambridge University cricket.
1427:
853:
during World War I, and For
Intellectual Liberty in the late 1930s. He admired America and the Soviet Union roughly equally. He found both sides of the Second World War objectionable.
493:
examination. Years later, he sought to abolish the Tripos system, as he felt that it was becoming more an end in itself than a means to an end. While at university, Hardy joined the
450:
Hardy's own natural affinity for mathematics was perceptible at an early age. When just two years old, he wrote numbers up to millions, and when taken to church he amused himself by
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I have never done anything "useful". No discovery of mine has made, or is likely to make, directly or indirectly, for good or ill, the least difference to the amenity of the world.
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658:. Hardy's collaboration with Littlewood is among the most successful and famous collaborations in mathematical history. In a 1947 lecture, the Danish mathematician
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to new people, and could not bear to look at his own reflection in a mirror. It is said that, when staying in hotels, he would cover all the mirrors with towels.
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systems. Though Hardy wanted his maths to be "pure" and devoid of any application, much of his work has found applications in other branches of science.
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Hardy preferred to work only 4 hours every day on mathematics, spending the rest of the day talking, playing cricket, and other gentlemanly activities.
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into it, which was previously a characteristic of French, Swiss and German mathematics. British mathematicians had remained largely in the tradition of
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reported a colleague as saying, "Nowadays, there are only three really great
English mathematicians: Hardy, Littlewood, and Hardy–Littlewood."
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writes that "His concerns were wide-ranging, as evidenced by six New Year's resolutions he set in a postcard to a friend:
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for 1928. Hardy left Oxford and returned to
Cambridge in 1931, becoming again a fellow of Trinity College and holding the
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was written, only the "dull and elementary parts" of either pure or applied mathematics could "work for good or ill".
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Chen, John J. (1 August 2010). "The Hardy-Weinberg principle and its applications in modern population genetics".
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1936:
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380:, often considered one of the best insights into the mind of a working mathematician written for the layperson.
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391:(centre), G. H. Hardy (extreme right), and other scientists at Trinity College at the University of Cambridge,
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1631:(September 2001). "The interest of G. H. Hardy, F.R.S., in the philosophy and the history of mathematics".
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until 1942. It is believed that he left Oxford for
Cambridge to avoid the compulsory retirement at 65.
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Famous
Mathematicians: Biography and Contributions of Great Mathematicians through History
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G. H. Hardy is usually known by those outside the field of mathematics for his 1940 essay
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901:, based on the biography of Ramanujan with the same title. Hardy is a major character in
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Collected papers of G. H. Hardy; including joint papers with J. E. Littlewood and others
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824:. Hardy was a lifelong bachelor and in his final years he was cared for by his sister.
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He was an avid cricket fan. Maynard Keynes observed that if Hardy had read the
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He was at times politically involved, if not an activist. He took part in the
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GRO Register of Deaths: DEC 1947 4a 204 Cambridge – Godfrey H. Hardy, aged 70
646:. This was a major factor in the development of number theory as a system of
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class", and later, after
Bradman appeared as an even greater batsman, "the
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1667:
1451:(Rev. ed.). Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press.
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GRO Register of Births: MAR 1877 2a 147 Hambledon – Godfrey Harold Hardy
604:
methods dominant in France, and aggressively promoted his conception of
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1976:
1959:
843:
678:
360:
50:
3457:
2376:"Review: Uncle Petros and Goldbach's Conjecture by Apostolos Doxiadis"
1527:
Ramanujan: Twelve
Lectures on Subjects Suggested by his Life and Work
985:
Ramanujan: Twelve
Lectures on Subjects Suggested by his Life and Work
585:
500:
Hardy cited as his most important influence his independent study of
422:
1472:
Alladi, Krishnaswami (19 December 1987), "Ramanujan—An
Estimation",
911:(2007), which depicts his Cambridge years and his relationship with
2527:
401:
Starting in 1914, Hardy was the mentor of the Indian mathematician
2348:"Adding up to a life. Review of The Indian Clerk by David Leavitt"
382:
1669:
Orders of
Infinity: The 'Infinitärcalcül' of Paul Du Bois-Reymond
703:
Hardy's collected papers have been published in seven volumes by
584:
Hardy is credited with reforming British mathematics by bringing
2398:"A Good Read - Marcus du Sautoy and David Dabydeen - BBC Sounds"
1082:
3799:
3461:
3045:
2596:
1067:(2nd ed.). Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society.
751:, his famous work on integer partitions with his collaborator
630:. This (along with much else) led to quantitative progress on
2484:
Albers, D.J.; Alexanderson, G.L.; Dunham, W., eds. (2015).
763:) and to derive thermodynamic functions of non-interacting
688:
Hardy was elected an international honorary member of the
421:, Surrey, England, into a teaching family. His father was
2422:
The Man Who Knew Infinity: A Life of the Genius Ramanujan
1425:
THE MAN WHO KNEW INFINITY: A Life of the Genius Ramanujan
870:; (2) make 211 not out in the fourth innings of the last
4403:
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
1617:"What became of the Senior Wranglers?" by D. O. Forfar
1161:(1st ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
692:
in 1921, an international member of the United States
515:
wrote to Hardy, who Ramanujan had known from studying
970:
with an introduction by C.P. Snow was recommended by
925:. Hardy is also a character in the 2014 Indian film,
612:
that was an important part of Cambridge mathematics.
729:. He made several statements similar to that in his
725:
and the military uses to which mathematics had been
3644:
3503:
1683:Berndt, Bruce C.; Rankin, Robert A. (August 2000).
1568:, p. 116, Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1991.
347:(7 February 1877 – 1 December 1947) was an English
316:
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256:
242:
232:
185:
131:
121:
111:
92:
66:
34:
2462:
2445:
2419:
1666:Hardy, G. H. (Godfrey Harold) (21 November 2011).
1114:
1023:(6th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
915:and Ramanujan. Hardy is a secondary character in
1633:Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London
1335:Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society
770:Moreover, Hardy deliberately pointed out in his
2272:"GH Hardy, the mathematician who loved cricket"
737:
550:, who spent the year at Oxford. Hardy gave the
465:for his mathematical work. In 1896, he entered
2469:. By Hardy, G. H. Cambridge University Press.
4483:Members of the American Philosophical Society
3811:
3473:
3057:
2608:
1048:(10th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
642:theory, they proved results and some notable
542:. Hardy spent the academic year 1928–1929 at
8:
2326:Notices of the American Mathematical Society
1795:. Oxford University Mathematical Institute.
696:in 1927, and an international member of the
417:G. H. Hardy was born on 7 February 1877, in
3818:
3804:
3796:
3480:
3466:
3458:
3064:
3050:
3042:
2615:
2601:
2593:
2319:"Film Review: 'The Man Who Knew Infinity'"
2265:
2263:
2187:
2185:
2091:Collected Papers of G. H. Hardy – Volume 7
1835:"An introduction to the theory of numbers"
1377:
1375:
1247:Hardy–Littlewood zeta function conjectures
715:Hardy preferred his work to be considered
180:Hardy–Littlewood zeta function conjectures
49:
31:
4478:Sadleirian Professors of Pure Mathematics
4398:Members of the French Academy of Sciences
2488:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2244:
2203:
2201:
1975:
1851:
1685:"The Books Studied by Ramanujan in India"
1346:
951:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
842:Around the age of 20, he decided that he
497:, an elite, intellectual secret society.
4418:Cambridge University Moral Sciences Club
1009:An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers
799:Socially, Hardy was associated with the
665:Hardy is also known for formulating the
530:, in 1919 he left Cambridge to take the
502:Cours d'analyse de l'École Polytechnique
2554:MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive
2270:Khan, Haider Riaz (18 September 2014).
2017:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
1393:MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive
1310:
918:Uncle Petros and Goldbach's Conjecture
4433:People educated at Winchester College
4408:Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge
2426:. New York: Washington Square Press.
2378:. Mathematical Association of America
1897:
1895:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1314:
690:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
461:, Hardy was awarded a scholarship to
7:
4413:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
2454:. London: Macmillan. pp. 15–46.
2335:from the original on 9 October 2022.
2229:"G.H. Hardy: Mathematical Biologist"
2227:Christenson, H.; Garcia, S. (2015).
1998:An Annotated Mathematician's Apology
1888:from the original on 9 October 2022.
1724:"The Indian Mathematician Ramanujan"
891:Hardy is a key character, played by
743:However, aside from formulating the
4428:People educated at Cranleigh School
4383:20th-century English mathematicians
4378:19th-century English mathematicians
2580:"Hardy, Godfrey Harold (1877–1947)"
2094:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1991:Cain, A. J. (2019). "Legacy of the
1802:from the original on 9 October 2022
1587:"Hardy, Godfrey Harold (HRDY896GH)"
656:second Hardy–Littlewood conjectures
600:). Hardy was more in tune with the
1242:Hardy–Littlewood tauberian theorem
757:Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula
148:Hardy–Littlewood tauberian theorem
140:Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula
25:
2346:Taylor, D. J. (26 January 2008).
2233:Journal of Humanistic Mathematics
1728:The American Mathematical Monthly
1689:The American Mathematical Monthly
1639:(3). The Royal Society: 411–424.
1331:"Godfrey Harold Hardy. 1877–1947"
1237:Hardy–Littlewood maximal function
592:, in thrall to the reputation of
27:British mathematician (1877–1947)
3781:
2535:
2317:George Andrews (February 2016).
1603:In the 1898 Tripos competition,
618:From 1911, he collaborated with
561:He was on the governing body of
351:, known for his achievements in
4388:Savilian Professors of Geometry
1853:10.1090/s0002-9904-1929-04793-1
1823:. American Mathematical Society
1530:. Providence, RI: AMS Chelsea.
988:. Providence, RI: AMS Chelsea.
921:(1992), a mathematics novel by
4453:Fellows of New College, Oxford
4443:Recipients of the Copley Medal
2374:Devlin, Keith (1 April 2000).
2303:The Man Who Loved Only Numbers
2208:Snow, C. P. (1967). Foreword.
2088:Hardy, Godfrey Harold (1979).
1740:10.1080/00029890.1937.11987940
1701:10.1080/00029890.2000.12005244
1496:The Man Who Loved Only Numbers
1174:. Cambridge University Press.
698:American Philosophical Society
636:Hardy–Littlewood circle method
477:, who recommended him to read
307:Tirukkannapuram Vijayaraghavan
172:Hardy–Littlewood circle method
1:
2821:Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer
2570:Hardy's work on Number Theory
2519:Works by or about G. H. Hardy
1821:Josiah Willard Gibbs Lectures
1414:Mathematics Genealogy Project
598:Cambridge Mathematical Tripos
546:in an academic exchange with
534:(and thus become a Fellow of
469:. He was first tutored under
392:
56:
4468:Governors of Abingdon School
4393:Fellows of the Royal Society
1933:Collected Mathematical Works
1931:(1952). "Looking Backward".
1775:C. P. Snow, Variety of Men,
1434:. Retrieved 2 December 2010.
1168:Bertrand Russell and Trinity
1041:A Course of Pure Mathematics
905:'s historical fiction novel
694:National Academy of Sciences
608:, in particular against the
552:Josiah Willard Gibbs lecture
504:by the French mathematician
3787:University of Oxford portal
2909:Charles Thomson Rees Wilson
2534:(public domain audiobooks)
1935:. Vol. 1. Copenhagen:
1722:Hardy, G. H. (March 1937).
1591:A Cambridge Alumni Database
1289:Pisot–Vijayaraghavan number
1232:Hardy–Littlewood inequality
1227:Hardy–Littlewood definition
1121:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
1111:London Mathematical Society
931:, played by Kevin McGowan.
851:Union of Democratic Control
317:Other notable students
190:Fellow of the Royal Society
160:Hardy–Littlewood inequality
4499:
2246:10.5642/jhummath.201502.08
2214:Cambridge University Press
1790:"G H Hardy's Oxford Years"
1593:. University of Cambridge.
1500:, Fourth Estate, pp.
1329:Titchmarsh, E. C. (1949).
1109:Hardy, G. H. (1966–1979).
532:Savilian Chair of Geometry
489:, Hardy was fourth in the
467:Trinity College, Cambridge
454:the numbers of the hymns.
126:Trinity College, Cambridge
3834:
3779:
3740:Edward Charles Titchmarsh
3493:
3079:
2845:Charles Scott Sherrington
2837:Frederick Gowland Hopkins
2631:
2565:Quotations of G. H. Hardy
2465:A Mathematician's Apology
2210:A Mathematician's Apology
2193:A Mathematician's Apology
2160:10.1007/s11515-010-0580-x
2115:Titchmarsh, E.C. (1950).
1937:Dansk Matematisk Forening
1565:The Man Who Knew Infinity
974:in the BBC Radio program
944:A Mathematician's Apology
898:The Man Who Knew Infinity
721:, perhaps because of his
638:, as it became known. In
377:A Mathematician's Apology
333:
225:
106:, Cambridgeshire, England
48:
4473:British textbook writers
4368:British number theorists
3716:Henry John Stephen Smith
2853:Charles Algernon Parsons
2576:Weisstein, Eric Wolfgang
2559:University of St Andrews
2418:Kanigel, Robert (1991).
1960:"Early Days of Genetics"
1398:University of St Andrews
745:Hardy–Weinberg principle
667:Hardy–Weinberg principle
556:Sadleirian Professorship
522:In the aftermath of the
365:Hardy–Weinberg principle
136:Hardy–Weinberg principle
4070:W. B. Raymond Lickorish
2133:10.1112/jlms/s1-25.2.81
1958:Punnett, R. C. (1950).
1449:Littlewood's Miscellany
1447:; Bollobás, B. (1986).
1430:5 December 2017 at the
1264:Hardy–Ramanujan theorem
1253:Hardy–Ramanujan Journal
968:Mathematician's Apology
913:John Edensor Littlewood
705:Oxford University Press
669:, a basic principle of
622:, in extensive work in
620:John Edensor Littlewood
568:In 1939, he suffered a
524:Bertrand Russell affair
367:, a basic principle of
261:A. E. H. Love
247:University of Cambridge
4373:Population geneticists
3722:James Joseph Sylvester
3495:Chairs established by
3093:James Joseph Sylvester
2981:Geoffrey Ingram Taylor
2765:Pierre Paul Émile Roux
2300:Hoffman, Paul (1998).
2117:"Godfrey Harold Hardy"
2013:"Godfrey Harold Hardy"
1840:Bull. Amer. Math. Soc.
1645:10.1098/rsnr.2001.0155
1348:10.1098/rsbm.1949.0007
1259:Hardy–Ramanujan number
1202:Campbell–Hardy theorem
1166:Hardy, G. H. (1970) .
1063:Hardy, G. H. (2013) .
1038:Hardy, G. H. (2008) .
982:Hardy, G. H. (1999) .
941:Hardy, G. H. (2012) .
884:
872:Test Match at the Oval
844:did not believe in God
741:
628:analytic number theory
398:
363:, he is known for the
4448:People from Cranleigh
4363:Mathematical analysts
3998:Shreeram S. Abhyankar
3253:George Neville Watson
2789:Horace Tabberer Brown
2693:Alfred Russel Wallace
2486:The G.H. Hardy Reader
1833:Hardy, G. H. (1929).
1524:Hardy, G. H. (1999).
1197:Critical line theorem
1170:. With a foreword by
1044:. With a foreword by
1019:, with a foreword by
947:. With a foreword by
861:
673:, independently from
624:mathematical analysis
386:
357:mathematical analysis
144:Critical line theorem
4458:De Morgan Medallists
4240:David Shea Vela-Vick
4023:1983 No award given.
4020:1982 No award given.
3734:Godfrey Harold Hardy
3429:John Griggs Thompson
3421:Keith William Morton
3205:Godfrey Harold Hardy
3073:De Morgan Medallists
2997:Edgar Douglas Adrian
2637:Josiah Willard Gibbs
2545:Robertson, Edmund F.
2528:Works by G. H. Hardy
2510:Works by G. H. Hardy
2148:Frontiers in Biology
2068:search.amphilsoc.org
2064:"APS Member History"
1629:Grattan-Guinness, I.
1384:Robertson, Edmund F.
681:with the geneticist
544:Princeton University
511:On 16 January 1913,
487:Robert Alfred Herman
340:Godfrey Harold Hardy
265:E. T. Whittaker
251:University of Oxford
71:Godfrey Harold Hardy
4463:Mathematics writers
4438:Royal Medal winners
4292:Vladimir Pozdnyakov
4090:Jonathan M. Borwein
4064:David Allen Hoffman
3646:Savilian Professors
3505:Savilian Professors
3488:Savilian Professors
2869:William Henry Bragg
2701:George William Hill
2685:Albert A. Michelson
2543:O'Connor, John J.;
2461:(2012) . Foreword.
2121:J. London Math. Soc
1881:. The Abingdonian.
1382:O'Connor, John J.;
1222:Hardy–Hille formula
895:, in the 2015 film
887:Cultural references
749:population genetics
677:in 1908. He played
671:population genetics
650:; examples are the
644:conditional results
590:applied mathematics
574:barbituate overdose
570:coronary thrombosis
565:from 1922 to 1935.
457:After schooling at
403:Srinivasa Ramanujan
389:Srinivasa Ramanujan
387:Charles F. Wilson,
369:population genetics
4280:Daniel J. Velleman
4074:Kenneth C. Millett
4046:James H. Wilkinson
2941:Thomas Hunt Morgan
2925:Henry Hallett Dale
2901:John Scott Haldane
2885:George Ellery Hale
2212:. By Hardy, G. H.
1977:10.1038/hdy.1950.1
1605:R. W. H. T. Hudson
1269:Hardy's inequality
923:Apostolos Doxiadis
868:Riemann hypothesis
805:Cambridge Apostles
723:detestation of war
517:Orders of Infinity
495:Cambridge Apostles
491:Mathematics Tripos
471:Robert Rumsey Webb
463:Winchester College
438:Gulliver's Travels
425:and Art Master at
399:
164:Hardy's inequality
4340:
4339:
4296:J. Michael Steele
4264:Susan H. Marshall
4236:Daniel Pomerleano
4216:Brian J. McCartin
4198:Andrew J. Simoson
4192:GĂĽnter M. Ziegler
4146:Carolyn S. Gordon
4028:R. Arthur Knoebel
4004:Neil J. A. Sloane
3992:W. Gilbert Strang
3946:Shiing-Shen Chern
3928:Joseph P. LaSalle
3906:Cornelius Lanczos
3870:Saunders Mac Lane
3846:T. H. Hildebrandt
3793:
3792:
3698:Abraham Robertson
3623:George Efstathiou
3599:Charles Pritchard
3575:Abraham Robertson
3455:
3454:
3373:Albrecht Fröhlich
3333:C. Ambrose Rogers
3261:A. S. Besicovitch
3149:J. W. L. Glaisher
3039:
3038:
2805:Ernest Rutherford
2624:Copley Medallists
2514:Project Gutenberg
2495:978-1-10713-555-0
2476:978-1-107-29559-9
2043:www.nasonline.org
2019:. 9 February 2023
2001:. By Hardy, G. H.
1779:, 1969, pp 25–56.
1537:978-0-8218-2023-0
1478:, Madras, India,
1458:978-0-521-33058-9
1181:978-0-521-11392-2
1146:Littlewood, J. E.
1113:committee (ed.).
1074:978-0-8218-2649-2
1055:978-0-521-72055-7
1030:978-0-19-921985-8
1013:D. R. Heath-Brown
995:978-0-8218-2023-0
958:978-1-107-29559-9
634:, as part of the
337:
336:
325:Edward Titchmarsh
271:Doctoral students
257:Academic advisors
227:Scientific career
87:, Surrey, England
16:(Redirected from
4490:
4423:English atheists
4316:Matthew Crawford
4204:Andrew Granville
4176:Edward B. Burger
4134:Michael I. Rosen
4094:Peter B. Borwein
4080:Steven G. Krantz
4016:Kenneth I. Gross
3986:Lawrence Zalcman
3900:Richard H. Bruck
3820:
3813:
3806:
3797:
3785:
3617:Donald Blackwell
3533:Christopher Wren
3497:Sir Henry Savile
3482:
3475:
3468:
3459:
3448:
3440:
3432:
3424:
3416:
3413:Bryan John Birch
3408:
3400:
3392:
3384:
3376:
3368:
3360:
3357:J. W. S. Cassels
3352:
3344:
3336:
3328:
3320:
3312:
3304:
3296:
3288:
3280:
3272:
3269:E. C. Titchmarsh
3264:
3256:
3248:
3240:
3232:
3229:J. E. Littlewood
3224:
3216:
3213:Bertrand Russell
3208:
3200:
3192:
3184:
3176:
3168:
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3136:
3128:
3125:William Burnside
3120:
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3021:George de Hevesy
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2728:
2720:
2712:
2704:
2696:
2688:
2680:
2677:Élie Metchnikoff
2672:
2669:Dmitri Mendeleev
2664:
2656:
2648:
2640:
2617:
2610:
2603:
2594:
2589:
2561:
2539:
2538:
2523:Internet Archive
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1445:Littlewood, J.E.
1441:
1435:
1422:
1416:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1379:
1370:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1350:
1326:
1284:Hardy Z function
1185:
1162:
1160:
1140:
1120:
1102:
1065:Divergent Series
1059:
1034:
999:
972:Marcus du Sautoy
962:
908:The Indian Clerk
865:
813:Bertrand Russell
801:Bloomsbury Group
718:pure mathematics
711:Pure mathematics
683:Reginald Punnett
675:Wilhelm Weinberg
632:Waring's problem
606:pure mathematics
427:Cranleigh School
397:
394:
346:
99:
80:
78:
61:
58:
53:
43:
32:
21:
18:Godfrey H. Hardy
4498:
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4491:
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4488:
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4343:
4342:
4341:
4336:
4332:Jeffrey Whitmer
4302:Travis Kowalski
4268:Donald R. Smith
4188:Florian Pfender
4170:Thomas C. Hales
4106:Donald G. Saari
4086:David H. Bailey
3958:François Trèves
3952:Norman Levinson
3912:Philip J. Davis
3830:
3827:Chauvenet Prize
3824:
3794:
3789:
3775:
3680:Nathaniel Bliss
3647:
3640:
3515:John Bainbridge
3506:
3499:
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3309:Mary Cartwright
3307:
3299:
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3275:
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3259:
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3235:
3227:
3221:E. T. Whittaker
3219:
3211:
3203:
3195:
3187:
3179:
3171:
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3155:
3147:
3139:
3133:A. G. Greenhill
3131:
3123:
3115:
3107:
3099:
3091:
3083:
3075:
3070:
3040:
3035:
3027:
3019:
3011:
3003:
2995:
2987:
2979:
2973:Joseph Barcroft
2971:
2965:Robert Robinson
2963:
2955:
2947:
2939:
2931:
2923:
2915:
2907:
2899:
2891:
2883:
2877:Arthur Schuster
2875:
2867:
2859:
2851:
2843:
2835:
2829:Albert Einstein
2827:
2819:
2811:
2803:
2795:
2787:
2781:William Bayliss
2779:
2773:Hendrik Lorentz
2771:
2763:
2755:
2747:
2739:
2731:
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2715:
2707:
2699:
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2675:
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2661:William Crookes
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2574:
2542:
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2506:
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2412:Further reading
2409:
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2039:"Godfrey Hardy"
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2011:
2010:
2006:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1957:
1956:
1952:
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1909:. 29 March 2022
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1432:Wayback Machine
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1380:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1341:(18): 446–461.
1328:
1327:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1274:Hardy's theorem
1207:Hardy hierarchy
1192:
1182:
1165:
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1143:
1129:
1108:
1075:
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1037:
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1017:J. H. Silverman
1002:
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981:
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937:
889:
863:
793:
755:, known as the
713:
602:cours d'analyse
582:
563:Abingdon School
483:Cours d'analyse
444:Robinson Crusoe
415:
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323:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
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279:I. J. Good
277:
275:Mary Cartwright
263:
249:
217:
214:Sylvester Medal
212:
209:Chauvenet Prize
207:
204:De Morgan Medal
202:
197:
192:
178:
174:
170:
168:Hardy's theorem
166:
162:
158:
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150:
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122:Alma mater
107:
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96:1 December 1947
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4326:Jonas Eliasson
4322:Kimmo Eriksson
4318:
4308:William Dunham
4304:
4298:
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4282:
4276:
4274:Mark Schilling
4270:
4260:
4258:Dana Mackenzie
4254:
4248:
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4228:Dennis DeTurck
4224:
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4210:Harold P. Boas
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3611:Harry Plaskett
3608:
3605:Herbert Turner
3602:
3596:
3593:William Donkin
3590:
3587:George Johnson
3584:
3581:Stephen Rigaud
3578:
3572:
3569:Thomas Hornsby
3566:
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3539:Edward Bernard
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3285:W. V. D. Hodge
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3257:
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3245:Sydney Chapman
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3189:P. A. MacMahon
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3029:James Chadwick
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3013:Archibald Hill
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2504:External links
2502:
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2500:
2494:
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2475:
2452:Variety of Men
2438:
2432:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2407:
2389:
2366:
2338:
2309:
2292:
2259:
2219:
2197:
2191:Hardy, G. H.
2181:
2154:(4): 348–353.
2138:
2107:
2100:
2080:
2055:
2030:
2004:
1983:
1950:
1939:. xiii–xxxiv.
1920:
1891:
1876:"School Notes"
1867:
1846:(6): 778–818.
1825:
1813:
1781:
1753:
1734:(3): 137–155.
1714:
1695:(7): 595–601.
1675:
1658:
1620:
1596:
1578:
1560:Robert Kanigel
1552:
1543:
1536:
1516:
1510:
1464:
1457:
1436:
1417:
1402:
1371:
1362:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1212:Hardy notation
1209:
1204:
1199:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1180:
1163:
1144:Hardy, G. H.;
1141:
1127:
1106:
1073:
1060:
1054:
1035:
1029:
1003:Hardy, G. H.;
1000:
994:
979:
966:The reprinted
957:
936:
933:
888:
885:
829:stock exchange
792:
789:
712:
709:
581:
578:
506:Camille Jordan
479:Camille Jordan
414:
411:
335:
334:
331:
330:
321:Sydney Chapman
318:
314:
313:
303:Donald Spencer
283:Edward Linfoot
272:
268:
267:
258:
254:
253:
244:
240:
239:
234:
230:
229:
223:
222:
187:
183:
182:
156:Hardy notation
133:
132:Known for
129:
128:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
102:
100:(aged 70)
94:
90:
89:
83:
70:
68:
64:
63:
54:
46:
45:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4495:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4333:
4329:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4317:
4313:
4309:
4305:
4303:
4299:
4297:
4293:
4289:
4287:
4283:
4281:
4277:
4275:
4271:
4269:
4265:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4253:
4249:
4247:
4246:Robert Ghrist
4243:
4241:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4225:
4223:
4219:
4217:
4213:
4211:
4207:
4205:
4201:
4199:
4195:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4183:
4179:
4177:
4173:
4171:
4167:
4165:
4161:
4157:
4156:Ellen Gethner
4153:
4151:
4150:David L. Webb
4147:
4143:
4141:
4137:
4135:
4131:
4129:
4125:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4113:
4109:
4107:
4103:
4101:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4087:
4083:
4081:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4065:
4061:
4059:
4055:
4053:
4052:Stephen Smale
4049:
4047:
4043:
4041:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4029:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4005:
4001:
3999:
3995:
3993:
3989:
3987:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3971:
3967:
3965:
3961:
3959:
3955:
3953:
3949:
3947:
3943:
3941:
3937:
3935:
3931:
3929:
3925:
3921:
3919:
3915:
3913:
3909:
3907:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3895:
3894:E. J. McShane
3891:
3889:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3877:
3876:R. H. Cameron
3873:
3871:
3867:
3865:
3864:G. T. Whyburn
3861:
3859:
3855:
3853:
3849:
3847:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3836:
3833:
3828:
3821:
3816:
3814:
3809:
3807:
3802:
3801:
3798:
3788:
3784:
3778:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3764:Nigel Hitchin
3762:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3747:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3735:
3732:
3729:
3728:William Esson
3726:
3723:
3720:
3717:
3714:
3711:
3708:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3678:
3675:
3674:Edmond Halley
3672:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3643:
3636:
3635:Steven Balbus
3633:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3621:
3618:
3615:
3612:
3609:
3606:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3563:James Bradley
3561:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3546:
3545:David Gregory
3543:
3540:
3537:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3508:
3502:
3498:
3492:
3483:
3478:
3476:
3471:
3469:
3464:
3463:
3460:
3446:
3442:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3405:Roger Penrose
3402:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3365:D. G. Kendall
3362:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3325:Graham Higman
3322:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3237:Louis Mordell
3234:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3197:A. E. H. Love
3194:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3101:Lord Rayleigh
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3085:Arthur Cayley
3082:
3081:
3078:
3074:
3067:
3062:
3060:
3055:
3053:
3048:
3047:
3044:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2949:Paul Langevin
2946:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2797:Joseph Larmor
2794:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2741:J. J. Thomson
2738:
2734:
2733:Ray Lankester
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2717:George Darwin
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2645:Joseph Lister
2642:
2638:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2625:
2618:
2613:
2611:
2606:
2604:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2549:"G. H. Hardy"
2546:
2541:
2533:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2478:
2472:
2467:
2466:
2460:
2456:Reprinted as
2453:
2448:
2447:"G. H. Hardy"
2443:
2439:
2435:
2433:0-671-75061-5
2429:
2424:
2423:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2403:
2402:www.bbc.co.uk
2399:
2393:
2390:
2377:
2370:
2367:
2355:
2354:
2349:
2342:
2339:
2331:
2327:
2320:
2313:
2310:
2306:. p. 81.
2305:
2304:
2296:
2293:
2281:
2277:
2276:Cricket Blogs
2273:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2247:
2242:
2239:(2): 96–102.
2238:
2234:
2230:
2223:
2220:
2215:
2211:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2142:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2127:(2): 81–138.
2126:
2122:
2118:
2111:
2108:
2103:
2101:0-19-853347-0
2097:
2093:
2092:
2084:
2081:
2069:
2065:
2059:
2056:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2031:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2005:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1987:
1984:
1978:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1908:
1904:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1884:
1877:
1871:
1868:
1863:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1829:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1814:
1798:
1791:
1785:
1782:
1778:
1777:Penguin books
1772:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1754:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1718:
1715:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1679:
1676:
1671:
1670:
1662:
1659:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1614:
1611:was 2nd, and
1610:
1609:J. F. Cameron
1606:
1600:
1597:
1592:
1588:
1582:
1579:
1575:
1574:0-684-19259-4
1571:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1539:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1511:1-85702-829-5
1507:
1503:
1498:
1497:
1491:
1490:Hoffman, Paul
1485:
1481:
1477:
1476:
1468:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1440:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1388:"G. H. Hardy"
1385:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1366:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1183:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1128:0-19-853340-3
1124:
1119:
1118:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1032:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1011:. Revised by
1010:
1006:
1005:Wright, E. M.
1001:
997:
991:
987:
986:
980:
977:
973:
969:
965:
960:
954:
950:
946:
945:
939:
938:
934:
932:
930:
929:
924:
920:
919:
914:
910:
909:
904:
903:David Leavitt
900:
899:
894:
886:
883:
881:
877:
876:Mount Everest
873:
869:
860:
858:
854:
852:
847:
845:
840:
838:
834:
830:
825:
823:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
797:
790:
788:
786:
782:
778:
773:
768:
766:
765:Bose–Einstein
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
740:
736:
734:
733:
728:
724:
720:
719:
710:
708:
706:
701:
699:
695:
691:
686:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
663:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
616:
613:
611:
610:hydrodynamics
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
579:
577:
575:
571:
566:
564:
559:
557:
553:
549:
548:Oswald Veblen
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
520:
518:
514:
509:
507:
503:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:Augustus Love
472:
468:
464:
460:
455:
453:
448:
446:
445:
440:
439:
434:
433:
428:
424:
420:
412:
410:
408:
404:
390:
385:
381:
379:
378:
372:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
353:number theory
350:
349:mathematician
345:
341:
332:
329:
328:Ethel Newbold
326:
322:
319:
315:
312:
308:
304:
300:
299:Robert Rankin
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
273:
269:
266:
262:
259:
255:
252:
248:
245:
241:
238:
235:
231:
228:
224:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
194:Smith's Prize
191:
188:
184:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
134:
130:
127:
124:
120:
117:
114:
110:
105:
95:
91:
86:
69:
65:
52:
47:
42:
33:
30:
19:
4286:Tom Leinster
4232:Herman Gluck
4222:Bjorn Poonen
4128:Eric Kostlan
4124:Alan Edelman
3980:Reuben Hersh
3976:Martin Davis
3970:Peter D. Lax
3964:Carl D. Olds
3924:Jack K. Hale
3851:
3772: (2017)
3766: (1997)
3760: (1995)
3754: (1969)
3748: (1963)
3742: (1931)
3736: (1919)
3733:
3730: (1897)
3724: (1883)
3718: (1861)
3712: (1827)
3710:Baden Powell
3706: (1810)
3700: (1797)
3694: (1766)
3688: (1765)
3686:Joseph Betts
3682: (1742)
3676: (1704)
3670: (1649)
3664: (1631)
3662:Peter Turner
3658: (1619)
3656:Henry Briggs
3637: (2012)
3631: (1999)
3625: (1994)
3619: (1960)
3613: (1932)
3607: (1893)
3601: (1870)
3595: (1842)
3589: (1839)
3583: (1827)
3577: (1810)
3571: (1763)
3565: (1721)
3559: (1712)
3553: (1709)
3551:John Caswell
3547: (1691)
3541: (1673)
3535: (1661)
3529: (1649)
3523: (1642)
3521:John Greaves
3517: (1620)
3507:of Astronomy
3445:Andrew Wiles
3389:R. A. Rankin
3381:W. K. Hayman
3277:G. I. Taylor
3181:E. W. Hobson
3004:
2989:Oswald Avery
2957:Thomas Lewis
2917:Arthur Evans
2653:Eduard Suess
2585:ScienceWorld
2583:
2552:
2485:
2464:
2451:
2421:
2401:
2392:
2380:. Retrieved
2369:
2357:. Retrieved
2353:The Guardian
2351:
2341:
2325:
2312:
2301:
2295:
2285:19 September
2283:. Retrieved
2280:ESPNcricinfo
2275:
2250:. Retrieved
2236:
2232:
2222:
2209:
2192:
2151:
2147:
2141:
2124:
2120:
2110:
2090:
2083:
2071:. Retrieved
2067:
2058:
2046:. Retrieved
2042:
2033:
2021:. Retrieved
2016:
2007:
1997:
1992:
1986:
1967:
1963:
1953:
1932:
1929:Bohr, Harald
1923:
1911:. Retrieved
1906:
1903:"G.H. Hardy"
1870:
1843:
1838:
1828:
1816:
1804:. Retrieved
1784:
1731:
1727:
1717:
1692:
1688:
1678:
1668:
1661:
1636:
1632:
1623:
1599:
1590:
1581:
1563:
1555:
1546:
1526:
1519:
1495:
1473:
1467:
1448:
1439:
1420:
1405:
1391:
1365:
1338:
1334:
1251:
1167:
1155:Inequalities
1154:
1116:
1064:
1046:T. W. Körner
1040:
1021:Andrew Wiles
1008:
984:
975:
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926:
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906:
896:
893:Jeremy Irons
890:
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855:
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798:
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771:
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640:prime number
617:
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311:E. M. Wright
295:Richard Rado
287:Cyril Offord
243:Institutions
226:
219:Copley Medal
98:(1947-12-01)
29:
4358:1947 deaths
4353:1877 births
4118:Tom Hawkins
4112:Joan Birman
4100:Barry Mazur
4040:George Miel
4010:Heinz Bauer
3934:Guido Weiss
3918:Leon Henkin
3882:Paul Halmos
3852:G. H. Hardy
3840:G. A. Bliss
3668:John Wallis
3648:of Geometry
3629:Joseph Silk
3397:J. A. Green
3317:Kurt Mahler
3301:Philip Hall
3173:W. H. Young
3157:Horace Lamb
3141:H. F. Baker
3109:Felix Klein
3005:G. H. Hardy
2813:Horace Lamb
2757:James Dewar
2749:Ivan Pavlov
2725:Felix Klein
2626:(1901–1950)
2442:Snow, C. P.
1970:(1): 1–10.
1613:James Jeans
1487:. Cited in
1410:G. H. Hardy
1294:Ulam spiral
1279:Hardy field
1217:Hardy space
1172:C. D. Broad
976:A Good Read
809:G. E. Moore
791:Personality
660:Harald Bohr
648:conjectures
536:New College
528:World War I
452:factorising
432:Don Quixote
237:Mathematics
199:Royal Medal
176:Hardy field
152:Hardy space
112:Nationality
60: 1927
36:G. H. Hardy
4347:Categories
4312:Ezra Brown
4252:Ravi Vakil
4164:Brian Wick
4160:Stan Wagon
4140:Don Zagier
3829:recipients
3752:Ioan James
3692:John Smith
3557:John Keill
3349:K. F. Roth
3293:Max Newman
3117:S. Roberts
2933:Niels Bohr
2861:Max Planck
1306:References
949:C. P. Snow
866:prove the
822:C. P. Snow
761:Niels Bohr
407:Paul Erdős
291:Harry Pitt
77:1877-02-07
3527:Seth Ward
3165:J. Larmor
2459:Snow, C.P
2168:1674-7992
1748:0002-9890
1709:0002-9890
1653:146374699
1615:was 3rd.
1607:was 1st,
1484:0971-751X
1475:The Hindu
1357:162237076
1150:PĂłlya, G.
1104:Full text
1007:(2008) .
964:Full text
928:Ramanujan
880:Mussolini
753:Ramanujan
700:in 1939.
513:Ramanujan
459:Cranleigh
419:Cranleigh
413:Biography
104:Cambridge
85:Cranleigh
3940:Mark Kac
3888:Mark Kac
2532:LibriVox
2444:(1967).
2382:21 April
2359:21 April
2330:Archived
2176:28363771
1964:Heredity
1913:29 March
1883:Archived
1806:16 April
1797:Archived
1492:(1998),
1428:Archived
1190:See also
1152:(1934).
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978:in 2007.
839:class".
803:and the
781:Einstein
2578:(ed.).
2521:at the
2252:31 July
2195:, 1992
1993:Apology
1945:3172542
1862:1561815
1412:at the
1091:0030620
837:Bradman
785:Apology
777:Maxwell
772:Apology
732:Apology
727:applied
679:cricket
526:during
361:biology
116:British
55:Hardy,
4324:&
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4238:&
4190:&
4162:, and
3447:(2019)
3439:(2016)
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3375:(1992)
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3335:(1977)
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3311:(1968)
3303:(1965)
3295:(1962)
3287:(1959)
3279:(1956)
3271:(1953)
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3255:(1947)
3247:(1944)
3239:(1941)
3231:(1938)
3223:(1935)
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3191:(1923)
3183:(1920)
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3159:(1911)
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3143:(1905)
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441:, and
423:Bursar
233:Fields
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196:(1901)
186:Awards
4330:2024
4320:2023
4306:2022
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4290:2020
4284:2019
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3856:1935
3850:1932
3844:1929
3838:1925
2333:(PDF)
2322:(PDF)
2172:S2CID
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2048:8 May
2023:8 May
1886:(PDF)
1879:(PDF)
1800:(PDF)
1793:(PDF)
1649:S2CID
1504:–83,
1353:S2CID
1301:Notes
1159:(PDF)
833:Hobbs
652:first
596:(see
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