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in scope, and free from restriction" in his academic work. As
Professor Chen Jisheng observed, "Professor Huang's academic theory sought to bridge traditional Chinese historical studies with Western 'New History' theory, complementing the Qing dynasty's Puxue and Gu Yanwu's historiography with the modern American 'New History' approach of Robinson." Huang made significant contributions to both the theory and practice of New History in China, uniquely synthesizing Western evolutionary theory with traditional Chinese concepts of "Seeking Truth" and "The Past Serves the Present." Huang dedicated his life to exploring the dialectical relationship between historical philosophy and historical science. He consistently critiqued 20th-century Chinese general history for its lack of ethnic inclusivity, arguing against the prevailing view that equated Chinese history solely with Han history. He actively challenged the notion that China was synonymous with Han culture, advocating for the dismantling of such feudalistic biases. Huang was also openly critical of the dogmatism, rigidity, and inflexible application of Marxism. In 1957, he introduced the theory of a "no slave society" in Chinese history, an idea he would continue to develop in 1979. This perspective gained significant traction among historians, eventually formed the Wunu School in Chinese historiography.The "WuNu School" (WuNu Xuepai), also known as the "No Slave Society School," is a prominent school of thought in the study of ancient Chinese society. Its proponents collectively argue that "a slave society never existed in Chinese history," making it a significant force in Chinese historiography. The "slave" (nu) in the school's name specifically refers to the concept of a "slave society," not to the presence of "slaves" or "slavery" in general. Named for this shared rejection of a slave society paradigm in Chinese history, the school is considered "problem-oriented" in its approach. The WuNu School emerged in the 1980s, with Huang Xianfan as its founder. In 1979, Huang Xianfan first introduced the concept that "a slave society never existed in Chinese history," a claim that quickly sparked widespread debate and discussion within academic circles. The central argument of the No Slave School is that China transitioned directly from a primitive society to a feudal society, bypassing a distinct slave society stage. While acknowledging the presence of slavery in Chinese history, proponents argue that it never constituted the dominant mode of production or formed the basis of the social structure. They contend that the primary contradiction in ancient Chinese society existed between the landlord class and the peasantry, rather than between slave owners and slaves.The No Slave School has profoundly impacted Chinese historical research, challenging established periodization methods and prompting a reevaluation of China's social development. The school's emergence also reflects a broader trend of ideological liberation and academic innovation within China following the Reform and Opening-up.However, the No Slave School's perspectives have also fueled intense academic debate. Supporters believe the theory offers a more accurate understanding of Chinese history, while critics maintain the validity of traditional periodization methods.Overall, the rise of the No Slave School marks a pivotal turning point in Chinese historiography. It has not only spurred in-depth discussions about the nature of ancient Chinese society but also catalyzed innovation and development in historical research methods.
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but the listener ought to take it as cautionary advice. Where mistakes exist, correct them; where they do not, use it as a lesson to further improve oneself." (知无不言,言无不尽,言者无罪,闻者足戒,有则改之,无则加勉) — the Party encouraged non-members to offer unfiltered opinions on its actions and the government.However, this invitation turned out to be an unexpected misstep for the
Communist Party, unleashing a torrent of opinions and suggestions,primarily from prominent intellectuals eager to contribute to the nation's revitalization and challenge one-party rule. These initially well-intentioned critiques, however, gradually transformed into pointed criticisms targeting the Communist Party and Mao Zedong himself. This deviation from Mao's initial vision for the Rectification Campaign – which was to leverage non-Party voices to silence internal dissent – brought the campaign to a halt. On June 8 of the same year, the Central Committee, under Mao's direction, issued the "Directive on Organizing Forces to Counterattack the Rightists' Offensive," marking the onset of the Anti-Rightist Campaign, a period that would descend into the most widespread persecution of intellectuals in Chinese history.Guo Moruo once said, "The speech of those without sin is faultless, while the speech of the sinful is certainly flawed." He also remarked, "If a person's words can shake the foundations of the country and yet remain blameless, then where is the rule of law?" Guo Moruo's statements are truly laughable. Has there ever been a precedent in Chinese or foreign history where a single person's words were capable of shaking the rule of a monarchy or the very foundations of a country? During the 1957 Rectification Campaign, Huang Xianfan famously declared, “Many CPC cadres were illiterate peasant workers without formal education. Such individuals lack the capacity to govern universities, let alone the nation.” Indeed, whether he was criticizing the ruling Kuomintang in the 1940s or the governing Communists in the 1950s, Huang remained a staunch advocate for academic freedom. He consistently challenged the notion of "party-run schools" and railed against "politicized education." He loathed the idea of amateurs dictating to professionals and instead championed "scholar-administered institutions" and "scientific education." "The party is not the school," he often argued, "and the party committee cannot substitute the faculty council." Could such bold pronouncements truly undermine an authoritarian regime?
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However, as a member of the Zhuang ethnic group, his inherent sense of justice and defiance of authority often drew him into contentious situations. He never hesitated to speak up for students and colleagues facing unfair treatment, and his unwavering commitment to academic independence often found him caught in the crossfire of political turmoil. From 1938 to 1944, while Chen Lifu served as the
Minister of Education, he implemented the policies of "party-run schools" and "party-based education," tightening the Kuomintang's grip on universities. After Gao Yang assumed the presidency of Guangxi University in 1941, he immediately detained a group of progressive students, most of whom came from impoverished backgrounds and had a good relationship with Professor Huang Xianfan. Professor Huang disapproved of the Kuomintang's Chen Cheng faction taking over Guangxi University. To voice support for the arrested students, he galvanized a student campaign to "Overthrow Gao." Ultimately, he faced persecution: Guangxi University terminated his contract, and even his wife, Liu Lihua, who taught at the university's affiliated primary school, was implicated and fired. Understandably, these incidents enraged him. Later, at the invitation of Professor Luo Xianglin, he transferred to Sun Yat-sen University as a history professor. After Gao Yang's departure in late 1942, Professor Huang resumed his post at Guangxi University to continue teaching. During the Kuomintang's rule, while Huang Xianfan was working at Guangxi University, Kuomintang members frequently courted him to join their ranks, but he remained unmoved. Communist Party members also sought him out at his residence at night, eager to enlist him, but he politely declined their offer as well. It wasn't until 1943 that Qiu Chen, a founding member of the Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party (CPWDP) in Guangxi, successfully persuaded him to join. He became a committee member of the CPWDP's Guangxi branch. However, Huang Xianfan's life experiences clearly demonstrate a distinct lack of enthusiasm for any political parties or campaign. His overall indifference towards political affairs is evident throughout his lifelong activities.
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Guangxi's diverse ethnic histories and cultures to date. This six-month investigation spanned various regions of
Guangxi, amassing a wealth of ethnographic, folkloric, and historical materials. These findings proved foundational for subsequent research on Zhuang history and culture, remaining essential resources for scholars even today. Beyond data collection, the investigation fostered a cohort of exceptional ethnic research talent, many of whom, like Li Ganfen, would later become pillars of the Guangxi Institute of Nationalities. This endeavor simultaneously advanced research, built a skilled team, and paved the way for the institute's establishment.Drawing on this extensive fieldwork, Huang Xianfan authored two landmark publications in 1957: Investigation Data on the Zhuang People of Daxin County, Guangxi Province and A Brief History of the Zhuang People in Guangxi. These books provided a comprehensive and systematic introduction to the history, culture, and social life of the Zhuang people. They represented the most comprehensive and in-depth scholarship on Zhuang studies at the time.Professor Shigeyuki Tsukada (塚田誠之) of the Social Research Department at the National Museum of Japanese Folklore and Ethnology praised "A Brief History of the Zhuang Ethnic Group in Guangxi," stating, "Professor Huang Xianfan, himself a Zhuang, is renowned in both Chinese and Japanese academia for this still-influential work. Based on extensive fieldwork and rigorous documentary research, he crafted a history of the Zhuang people's resistance against discrimination and oppression since ancient times. Huang asserts, 'While maintaining their own traditions over millennia, the Zhuang people have absorbed aspects of Han culture and gradually formed their own unique and rich culture. The Zhuang are the indigenous people of Guangxi.' This assertion is highly original and has attracted significant scholarly attention. 'A Brief History of the Zhuang Ethnic Group in Guangxi' is a milestone in Zhuang studies. Through his book, one glimpses Professor Huang's deep love for the Zhuang people.
563:, Huang Xianfan suffered persecution once again.The Red Guards labeled him an "unrepentant major Rightist who had his cap removed," a "reactionary academic authority," and accused him of "launching a counterattack from an academic standpoint." he endured public denunciations, physical abuse including being paraded through the streets, subjected to isolation for scrutiny, and his home raided with books confiscated and destroyed. Huang Xianfan's repeated hardships were no accident. They were a direct result of his courageous resistance to authority and his unwavering commitment to the traditional Chinese historian's ideal of impartiality.Like many persecuted intellectuals of the time, he felt powerless. However, deep within, he refused to accept the criticisms, maintaining his stance much as he did during the Anti-Rightist Campaign, and never admitted wrongdoing. According to his colleagues from the same school and department, "There was a time during the Cultural Revolution when several former students, now turned Red Guards, held a criticism session against Professor Huang. They disregarded their previous teacher-student relationship and, taking a revolutionary stance, accused him of poisoning their minds. Upon hearing this, Professor Huang, with his characteristic tilt of the head and a few 'Ah! Ah!'s, calmly replied, 'That's not quite accurate! If we're talking about poisoning, it was you who willingly sought my guidance, not me actively trying to influence you.' This witty retort left the young revolutionaries with little more than hollow slogans before they retreated. Such composed handling of adversity and solving of problems with humor became anecdotes that circulated for a long time." During the Cultural Revolution, Huang Xianfan was essentially under house arrest. Thereafter, he withdrew from worldly affairs and devoted himself wholeheartedly to writing for ten years.
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patriotism among university students. Huang urged these students to shed their passivity and embrace active engagement in national affairs, drawing inspiration from the unwavering loyalty and righteous actions of Song
Dynasty Imperial Academy scholars. His aim was to galvanize a spirit of resistance against Japanese aggression and a resolute defense of the homeland.This work exemplifies the value and significance of Huang Xianfan's pioneering contributions to 20th-century historiography, particularly his development of "New Applied Historiography." Recognizing the limitations of the Qing dynasty's Evidential School, which he criticized for pursuing textual research for its own sake, Huang sought to extract the rational elements of traditional textual analysis and apply them to a new, more impactful approach. His "New Applied Historiography" transcended the limitations of the Qianlong and Jiaqing eras' focus on textual research as an end in itself. Instead, he integrated the Evidential School's emphasis on rigorous evidence with Gu Yanwu's concept of "practical learning" - the idea that scholarship should have real-world applications and contribute to effective governance. Furthermore, Huang drew inspiration from James Harvey Robinson's New History, which emphasized the social and cultural dimensions of the past and its relevance to contemporary issues. These influences are evident in his book, "National Salvation Movement of the Students of the Imperial Academy during the Song Dynasty." which not only draws upon meticulous historical research but also uses the past to inspire action in the present. By weaving together these diverse intellectual strands, Huang Xianfan forged a uniquely comprehensive and impactful approach to historical inquiry.
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fieldwork made him a leading figure in 20th-century Zhuang studies, earning him the title "father of Zhuang studies." Huang's work led to the formation of the "Huang group" of Zhuang studies, an influential part of the renowned Bagui School of
Chinese ethnology. Founded in the 1950s, the Huang group remains active today and consists of Huang Xianfan and his 18 students, often called his "elite disciples." Now professors and researchers themselves, these students primarily work in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, particularly at Guangxi Normal University and Guangxi University for Nationalities.This academic group comprises scholars of both Zhuang and Han ethnicity, fostering collaboration and cross-cultural understanding. Notable Zhuang scholars within the group include Huang Xianfan, Huang Zengqing, Zhang Yiming, Li Guozhu, Su Guanchang, Li Ganfen, Zhou Zongxian, Qin Suguan, Zhou Zuoqiu, Huang Shaoqing, Huang Weicheng, He Yingde, He Longqun, Yu Shijie, Gong Yonghui, and Qin Deqing. Prominent Han scholars in the group include Ou Yang Ruoxiou, Xiao Zechang, and Zhou Zuoming.The group's research delves into various facets of Zhuang culture, encompassing history, archaeology, folklore, education, literature, historical figures, and traditional systems like the Dulao and Chieftain systems. A key characteristic of their work is a strong emphasis on field research, greatly aided by the members' fluency in minority languages. This hands-on approach has become a defining feature of their scholarship.
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encompassed the primary settlements of the Zhuang and other ethnic minorities in southwestern and western
Guangxi.At each destination, he tirelessly pursued his fieldwork, diligently documenting a wealth of ethnographic knowledge. His scholarly curiosity extended beyond cultural inquiry to encompass the region's natural wonders and historical treasures. Of particular interest were the Huashan rock paintings of Ningming County, which he meticulously examined and studied. These paintings, constituting one of China's largest and most elaborate ancient rock art collections, whisper tales of the life and culture of the ancient Zhuang people, captivating Huang's imagination. The primary purpose of Huang's series of investigations was to collect first-hand materials to enhance the "general history of the Zhuang people" he was compiling - the first of its kind in China. This work aimed to systematically record various aspects of Zhuang history, culture, and social development, filling a significant gap in the field of Chinese ethnic minority studies.Mark Bender, Chair of East Asian Languages and Literatures at The Ohio State University, remarked that Professor Huang Xianfan's "General History of the Zhuang Ethnic Group "is rich in historical materials and of immense academic value. It is a pioneering work in international ethnology, establishing a new trend in Zhuang studies.
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he was successively appointed as a consultant for the first sessions of the
Chinese Ethnology Society and the Chinese Southwest Nationalities Research Society, as well as Vice President of the Baiyue Ethnic History Research Society. He also served as a member of the editorial committee for the "Encyclopedia of Chinese Ethnicities" and as a member of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. During his tenure as a member of the CPPCC National Committee, He did a great deal of work to assist the government in overturning unjust, false, and wrongful cases. For example, there was a former student from the Physics Department of Guangxi Normal University who, during the Anti-Rightist Campaign in 1957, was wrongly imprisoned. He resisted the false charges, appealing multiple times and escaping from prison twice. Initially sentenced to death with a two-year reprieve with a commutation to life imprisonment, this rightist spent 23 years in prison. Through Huang Xianfan's extensive efforts, he was finally exonerated and released without charge in August 1981, ending his 23-year ordeal of wrongful imprisonment and allowing him to return to work in the Physics Department of Guangxi Normal University.
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championed a "bottom-up" approach to history. This innovative methodology, which Huang termed "looking down in history," shifted the narrative focus from the actions of emperors and ministers to the lived experiences of the lower working classes. By privileging the perspectives of those traditionally excluded from official accounts, Huang offered a groundbreaking and more inclusive understanding of Tang
Dynasty society.This innovative approach to history was met with immediate acclaim, with the first edition of "A General Outline of Tang Dynasty Society" quickly selling out and prompting a reprint in February 1937. Huang Xianfan's scholarship was not only at the forefront of Chinese social history but also resonated with emerging international trends. His "new historiography looking downward" shared striking similarities with the "history from below" (also known as "new Annales history" or "total social history") being developed by leading figures of the French Annales School, such as Lucien Febvre and Marc Bloch. This convergence highlights Huang's position as a pioneering figure in global historiography, demonstrating a shared commitment to expanding the scope of historical inquiry beyond traditional elite perspectives.
294:"A General Outline of Tang Dynasty Society," is widely hailed as the first comprehensive study of Tang dynasty social history in the 20th century. Similarly, his "National Salvation Movement of the Students of the Imperial Academy during the Song Dynasty" is recognized as the pioneering monograph on the history of student movements in China. His works,"A Brief History of the Zhuang Ethnic Group in Guangxi" and"A General History of the Zhuang Ethnic Group "are widely regarded as groundbreaking contributions to the historical and cultural studies of the Zhuang people. His seminal work, "China's History Did Not Have a Slave Society," stands as a landmark challenge within 20th-century Chinese academia to the notion of a slave society in Chinese history. Furthermore, his essay, "On the Construction of 'Chinese Life Studies,'" provides a crucial framework for establishing this new academic discipline. His pioneering theories, including the "Indigenous Origin of the Zhuang People in Guangxi" and "The Justification of Nong Zhigao's Rebellion Against the Song Dynasty," have become cornerstones for subsequent scholars and are now widely accepted as definitive interpretations.
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a commemorative anthology and a selected collection of his academic papers titled "A Preliminary
Exploration of Ancient Book Interpretations - Selected Academic Papers by Huang Xianfan" were published. Guangxi Normal University and Guilin Middle School now offer the "Huang Xianfan Minority Scholarship" and "Huang Xianfan Scholarship" respectively to honor his memory. On November 13, 2003, Guangxi Normal University established the "Huang Xianfan Publishing Fund." Huang Xianfan's former residence was approved as a cultural heritage site in Fusui County on August 21, 2017. In February 2018, the Fusui County government invested several hundred thousand yuan to renovate the "Huang Xianfan Former Residence." In the same year, Nanhu Park in Nanning, Guangxi, established a path commemorating renowned figures, with an inscription about Huang Xianfan's biography along the path. The first full-body standing bronze statue of Huang Xianfan was erected in his hometown by the Culture and Sports Bureau of Fusui County Government. On September 10, 2022, which coincided with
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on the ethnic social history of Guangxi. Active since the latter half of the 20th century, the Bagui School is recognized as China's first school of ethnic studies. Under Huang Xianfan's guidance, many members of the Bagui School were Zhuang scholars deeply devoted to their heritage. Drawn from various universities and ethnic research institutes, they dedicated themselves to researching the culture and history of the Zhuang people in Guangxi.The Bagui School distinguishes itself through its unconventional approach, consistently challenging ethnic chauvinism and championing equality among China's diverse ethnic groups. The school promotes a rigorous, scientific approach to ethnic studies, emphasizing field research and empirical evidence. Bound by a shared vision for Zhuang studies, the Bagui School continues to flourish today, having branched out into various sub-groups that delve deeper into Zhuang history and culture. For his instrumental role in its creation, Huang Xianfan is celebrated in academic circles as the founder of the Bagui School.
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trends and advocating for a "New Historiography." His scholarship exemplifies the independent thinking and innovative spirit of Chinese intellectuals who sought to reshape the field of history. Notably, between 1932 and 1934, he authored the three-volume "Compendium of Chinese General History," a groundbreaking work that applied concepts and methods of 20th-century historiography.This work marked a significant departure from the classical model, adopting a novel chapter structure. The narrative focus shifted from dynastic chronicles to a broader examination of the state, and from the traditional emphasis on the "aristocratic elite" to a more inclusive perspective encompassing the lives of ordinary people. Furthermore, the scope expanded beyond politics and institutions to encompass a wider range of themes, including culture, economy, society, religion, and the arts. In essence, the work transcended the traditional historiographical approach of merely evaluating historical figures and chronicling events.
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minority regions of Guangxi. In the spring of 1952, Huang led his students to conduct investigations in Du'an, Donglan, and Nandan. That summer, he conducted field studies in Fusui, Chongzuo, Debao, and Jingxi.These expeditions had a dual purpose: to develop a deeper understanding of the history and contemporary lives of the Yao and Zhuang peoples, and to assemble a substantial archive of historical artifacts. These artifacts, held by indigenous clan heads and community elders, included materials related to significant historical events, such as Nong Zhigao's uprising and the anti-Qing movements led by Wu Lingyun and his son. Drawing on these surveys, Huang Xianfan compiled a report: 'An Overview of the Distribution of Zhuang People in Guixi and the Historical and Policy Basis for Proposing the Establishment of a Zhuang Autonomous Region in Guixi'. The central government considered this proposal and approved the establishment of the Zhuang Autonomous Region of Western Guixi in December 1952.【
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such as clothing, food, housing, and transportation, he was influenced by the prevailing trend of "Historiography Reform" and inspired by related research on "Japanese Lifeways Studies". He conducted preliminary explorations into the research objects, definition, disciplinary structure, and research methods of "Chinese Lifeways Studies.", proposing a framework for this field of study. Professor Huang Xianfan's conception of "Chinese Lifeways Studies" integrates research methods from various fields, including history, folklore, and sociology, aiming to comprehensively and systematically explore Chinese lifestyles and their evolution.Presenting Professor Huang Xianfan's research journey and related achievements in "Chinese Lifeways Studies" is not only to introduce the academic contributions of this scholar to the world but also to draw attention, discussion, and further research from academia towards the construction of "Chinese Lifeways Studies."
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Huang was an early pioneer in exploring material culture within folklore studies, significantly expanding the scope of Chinese folklore research at that time. His approach went beyond traditional concepts and customs, delving into everyday material culture and opening up new perspectives in the field.His seminal work in this area, "A History of Chinese Daily Life, Clothing, Food, and Etiquette," exemplifies this approach. Based on extensive historical documents, this study thoroughly examined the evolution of clothing and food, as well as the development of etiquette in ancient China. Huang's use of material culture as a crucial entry point for folklore research was groundbreaking in the Chinese academic community at the time. It paved the way for new directions in Chinese folklore studies. This unique perspective and methodology have led some scholars to regard Professor Huang Xianfan as a pioneer in the study of Chinese folklore."
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environment, completing his diploma, bachelor's, and postgraduate degrees. During this time, he distinguished himself through a series of academic papers , covering a wide range of topics, from ancient history and Chinese society to politics, economics, culture, religion, and folk customs. He also dedicated himself to translating historical works from various countries into Chinese, further expanding his knowledge While studying at Beijing Normal University, Huang also lectured on language and history at a private high school in Beijing. In 1932, he and his students founded Beilei Xueshe (蓓蕾學社), an academic group that also served as a publishing house, producing academic books. Three years later, he traveled to Japan to further his studies, enrolling in the graduate school of Tokyo Imperial University (東京帝国大学大学院). There, he received instruction from renowned historians Sei Wada (和田清) and Katou Shigeru (加藤繁, Katō Shigeru).
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the Guixi Zhuang Autonomous Region. He then served as a member of both the Guangxi Provincial People's Committee and the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Regional People's Government. He served as both the Vice Leader of the Central-South Sub-group and the Leader of the Guangxi Sub-group within the central government's ethnic mission led by Fei Xiaotong. and deputy director of the Guangxi Social and Historical Investigation Group. His influence reached beyond Guangxi as well, leading to his election as a council member of the newly established Chinese People's Association for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries (known today as the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries). Furthermore, he served as a deputy to the National People's Congress, becoming a member of both the NPC's Ethnic Affairs Committee and the Central Committee for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries. On April 27, 1957, the
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in studying Miao social organization and education, alongside the languages and cultures of the Yao and Dong peoples. His methodological approach was groundbreaking, combining participant observation, in-depth interviews, and comparative analysis to foster a richer, more nuanced understanding of these communities. This innovative approach not only strengthened the rigor of his own research but also offered invaluable insights for future scholars in the field.These extensive fieldwork expeditions provided the foundation for several key publications, including "Notes on the Education of Border Peoples in Qian-Gui" and "Democratic Politics in the Social Organizations of Qian-Gui Border Peoples." These works not only presented his research findings in detail but also became influential texts, offering valuable methodological insights for subsequent anthropological and ethnological research in China's border regions.
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and first university professor of Chongzuo city. Throughout his academic career, he taught a variety of courses, such as "Chinese History," "Ancient History," "Periodization of Chinese History," "History of Chinese Culture," "Historical Documents," and "Historical Materialism." In addition to his teaching duties, Huang took on various administrative roles at Guangxi University, serving as Dean of Student Affairs, Head of the Chinese Department, and Director of the University Library.Furthermore, he held a concurrent position as a researcher at the Guangxi Institute of Education. During the readjustment of institutions of higher learning in China in the early 1950s, Huang Xianfan was transferred to Guangxi Normal College (now Guangxi Normal University), where he served as a professor of history and concurrently as the director of the library. He remained a lifelong professor at the university.
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Yat-sen University to investigate the social and historical conditions of ethnic minorities in the Qian-Gui border region. Their research took them to counties such as Yining (present-day Jingxi), Longsheng, and Sanjiang in Guangxi Province. This initial survey proved foundational to his later work.Two years later, Huang undertook two more intensive research trips to ethnic minority regions. The first involved leading students from Guangxi University as part of the "Southern Qian Border People Survey Group." Their focus was on the Zhuang, Dong, Miao, Shui, and Yao communities in the Dayou Township area of Rongjiang, Guizhou Province, with a particular emphasis on the culture, daily life, customs, and marriage practices of the Miao people. The second trip, undertaken with his student Zhang Shouqi, consisted of research in ethnic minority settlements near Rong County (now Rong'an County).
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encapsulated the experience of Chinese intellectuals. My father's life often reminds me of Lu Xun's words: Since ancient times, China has had people who buried their heads in hard work, people who struggled with all their might, There are those who speak for the people, people who gave up their lives in the pursuit of truth - they are the backbone of China." This man's long life spanned a tumultuous period in Chinese history, witnessing the fall of imperial rule, the rise and fragmentation of republican government, and having experienced the various political movements of the People's Republic of China. Yet, as an intellectual, he persisted through the shifting political winds, standing firm in his convictions despite facing both acclaim and oppression. His unwavering spirit exemplified the qualities praised by
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Yicheng.In June 1953, Huang Xianfan established the Historical and Cultural Relics Survey Team under the Cultural and Educational Bureau of the Guixi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Government at Guangxi University. He led the team to conduct investigations in Nandan, Tian'e, Hechi, Luocheng, and Yicheng.Between 1951 and 1953, Huang conducted extensive fieldwork on the Zhuang, Dong, Yao, Miao, Shui, Qin, Li, and Gelao ethnic groups in Guangxi, gathering a wealth of invaluable material on their cultures and traditions. Of particular note, he pioneered research on the Gelao people in Luocheng, Guangxi, a relatively isolated and economically disadvantaged group with minimal outside contact. His work provided unique insights into a culture lacking a written tradition.
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of the social and historical conditions of each ethnic group, this research plan was put into action. Scholars of anthropology and ethnology, including Fei Xiaotong, Huang Xianfan, and Xia Kangnong, who were members of the National People's Congress's Ethnic Affairs Committee, actively participated in this endeavor. They conducted extensive fieldwork and academic research in ethnic minority regions, providing essential evidence for the final identification and confirmation of each ethnic group. Their research findings not only enriched the development of ethnology as a discipline in China but also laid a solid foundation for formulating ethnic policies and building a framework for ethnic relations, the influence of which continues to this day.
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Brief History of the Zhuang People in Guangxi proved particularly impactful. It deepened public awareness of Zhuang culture, effectively advocating for greater understanding and recognition. Furthermore, the book's historical analysis provided key arguments in support of Zhuang autonomy and ultimately contributed to the establishment of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.The 1956 investigation and the subsequent publication of A Brief History stand as pivotal moments in the advancement of Zhuang studies, leaving a lasting legacy on the field.It is for these groundbreaking contributions to the field of ethnology that Professor Huang is recognized as a founding figure of modern Chinese ethnology.
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established the Lijiang Spare-time College and became its headmaster, pioneering private higher education in China after 1949. Throughout his 40-year teaching career, Huang remained dedicated to the principle of character development through education. Former vice chairman of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liang Chenye, once praised Huang, saying, "Professor Huang Xianfan devoted his life to Chinese higher education. He was a true educational giant of his time and holds a prominent place in modern Chinese history." The Huang family is known as a "family of educators," as both Huang Xianfan and his wife, along with most of their children, have dedicated their lives to teaching.
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critics immediately pounced, saying, "How dare you compare yourself to Chairman Mao? Your crime is even greater." At another condemnation meeting held in the college library, someone spoke up and said,"You people who oppose the Party and socialism, what's so great about you? You're all nothing but dog shit." As the library director since the educational reorganization in 1952, Huang, known as the biggest "Rightist" in Guangxi's academic circles, could no longer tolerate such insults. He retorted fiercely, "Dog shit has its use; it can fertilize farmers' fields. It's better than those who throw stones on someone who has fallen into a well, who are lower than dog shit!"
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Huang Xiaoling, who taught at Guangxi medical school.Despite the turbulent times they lived through, with China undergoing massive political and social upheaval, Huang Xianfan and Liu Lihua instilled core values of integrity, diligence, fearlessness, and a thirst for knowledge in their children. Their parenting philosophy, rooted in traditional Confucian principles yet adapting to the modern era, equipped their progeny with the tools to navigate challenges and seize opportunities.This emphasis on education and hard work paid dividends, as all nine siblings excelled in their respective fields.
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over texts like the Four Books and Five Classics, with the goal of eventually taking the Imperial Examination. However, as a teenager, he grew dissatisfied with the scholastic system of his time, particularly its emphasis on writing eight-legged essays. Huang later admitted that he didn't enjoy the Confucian classics, favouring instead history books such as Records of the Grand Historian. At fourteen, he began attending Qusi Primary School. At eighteen, Huang moved to a higher primary school in nearby Quli , where he was bullied because he came from a peasant background.
592:, an unveiling ceremony for "Mr. Huang Xianfan's Statue" was held in Leyangcheng, Fusui. The second full-body seated bronze statue of Huang Xianfan was installed by Guangxi Normal University on November 13, 2023, marking the 124th anniversary of Professor Huang Xianfan's birth. This statue is located in front of the Comprehensive Teaching Building on the Yanshan Campus of Guangxi Normal University. These statues serve as a tribute to the esteemed scholar and educator, commemorating his invaluable contributions to academia and society.
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China (Huang Xianfan, Xiang Da, Lei Haizong, Wang Zhongmin, and Chen Mengjia), Huang held the highest political status. The Anti-Rightist Campaign was inherently a campaign of political persecution, and Huang Xianfan was considered the top of the five people being criticized. This was not without reason. He was not only wrongly labeled as the number one "Rightist" in Chinese historical academia and among the Zhuang people, but also one of the six famous "Rightist" figures among China's ethnic minorities (
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reference for the development plans of the economy, culture, and education for various ethnic minorities in the Guixi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Huang Xianfan's scholarship forged new paths in the study of ethnic minorities in China. His innovative methodologies and groundbreaking findings had a lasting impact on the development of Chinese ethnology and anthropology. His remarkable contributions have cemented his legacy as a true pioneer of modern ethnic minority fieldwork in China.
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Ethnic Groups in Minority Areas." The plan proposed establishing social and historical research groups for ethnic minorities in the following regions: Yunnan (led by Fei Xiaotong and Liu Guanying), Sichuan (led by Xia Kangnong), Northwest (led by Feng Jiasheng), Guizhou (led by Wu Zelin), Guangdong (including Hainan Island, led by Cen Jiawu), Guangxi (with Huang Xianfan serving as deputy leader), Tibet (led by the Tibet Working Committee), Inner Mongolia, and Northeast regions.
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barrage of accusations, including undermining national unity, inciting discord between the CCP and the masses, and opposing the unified purchase and sale system.Outwardly, Huang was forced to accept the criticism, but inwardly, he never admitted guilt.He believed he was simply doing his duty as a representative to the People's Congress. He had answered the government's call by participating in the
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On November 13, 1998, Guilin Middle School established the "Huang Xianfan Scholarship" to be awarded annually on the same date. In November 1999, a commemorative symposium was held at Guangxi Normal University to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Professor Huang Xianfan's birth. After the symposium,
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With the Communist Party's ascent to power in 1949 and the subsequent founding of the People's Republic of China, Huang Xianfan, as a renowned professor in Guangxi, was appointed to various positions by the new regime.From 1949 to 1957, he was first appointed as a member of the People's Government of
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Huang Xianfan was a staunch opponent of ethnic chauvinism. He believed that inequality was the root cause of ethnic problems and a major factor driving historical conflicts between groups. Huang championed global ethnic equality and a scientific approach to ethnic studies. His extensive research and
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Professor Huang Xianfan, in his paper "A Tentative Discussion on the Construction of 'Chinese Lifeways Studies'" published in the late 1970s and early 1980s, was among the first to propose the concept of "Chinese Lifeways Studies." After conducting in-depth research on aspects of ancient Chinese life
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In the 1940s, Professor Huang Xianfan published a series of articles on social life history, including "A Study of the Evolution of Clothing in Our Country." These papers not only deepened the core of social history research but also innovated the research topics of the "New Historiography" movement.
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In the first half of the 20th century, influenced by Western social science trends, Chinese historians began to critically examine traditional historiography and seek new methodologies and areas of inquiry. Huang Xianfan emerged as a leading voice in this movement, actively engaging with contemporary
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The implementation of this research plan proved crucial to China's ethnic identification process. Prior to this, the State Council had already undertaken the first phase of ethnic identification, preliminarily identifying 38 ethnic minority groups, including the Zhuang. To gain a deeper understanding
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Following his innovative methodology, Huang Xianfan continued to expand his field research in the subsequent years. In June 1951, he joined the Central Ethnic Work Group led by Fei Xiaotong and served as the deputy leader of the Guangxi sub-group, conducting surveys and providing visits in the ethnic
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In November 1937 he returned to China, began his teaching career at Guangxi University. Over the years, he held professorships at several institutions, including Guangxi University, Sun Yat-sen University, and Guilin Normal College, becoming the first university professor of Zhuang ethnicity in China
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The Bagui School, an influential group of ethnologists centered around Huang Xianfan, emerged at Guangxi Normal University in China during the mid-1950s. Its formation coincided with Huang's appointment to the National People's Congress Ethnic Affairs Committee, where he led a research group focused
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Huang Xianfan was a staunch advocate for independent academic research, viewing pioneering scholarship and intellectual freedom as his lifelong pursuits. He lived by the principle of "maintaining integrity and resisting subservience to authority," embracing the motto "Unbound by authority, limitless
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His uncle, recognizing Huang's intellectual promise, encouraged the family to steer him towards scholarly pursuits. However, Huang's father, a strict disciplinarian, insisted on a traditional education grounded in the Confucian classics. At the age of nine, Huang began his studies, diligently poring
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He dedicated five decades of his life to the study of history and ethnology, his research encompassing a vast range of fields, including Chinese general history, pre-Qin history,medieval history, social and living history, cultural history, ethnology, linguistics, and Zhuang studies.His magnum opus,
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The Cultural Revolution ended in 1976, and reforms began in 1978. Huang Xianfan's rightist persecution was not overturned until 1979. He was the earliest born, longest-lived among the five major rightists in the field of history, and the only one to be rehabilitated during his lifetime. After 1979,
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and expressing his honest opinions—actions he maintained were without fault. For instance, at one meeting criticizing him for certain "Rightist remarks," Huang defended himself, saying, "Some of the statements you criticize weren't made by me but by Mao Zedong. If he can say them, why can't I?" The
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issued the "Directive Regarding the Rectification Campaign," setting in motion a Party-wide campaign aimed at rooting out bureaucratism, sectarianism, and subjectivism. Echoing Mao Zedong's call for open criticism— "I will speak frankly and share all my knowledge. The speaker should not be faulted,
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These three surveys, conducted over nearly a year, explored diverse facets of ethnic minority life in the Qian-Gui border region, encompassing areas such as lifestyle, education, governance, and marriage customs. This period proved pivotal in Huang's development as a scholar, as he immersed himself
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His commitment to education spanned almost fifty years at the university. In his later years, he established the Lijiang Adult University, fostering a vast network of students and leaving an enduring mark on the field and The "Bagui School" he created is the first school of ethnic studies in China.
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Huang Xianfan and his wife, Liu Lihua, an educator with a 50-year career, had nine children together. Under Huang Xianfan's strict yet effective parenting, all of their offspring went on to lead accomplished lives. Notably, two of their children attained the rank of university professor, including
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In October of the same year, the Commercial Press published Huang Xianfan's "National Salvation Movement of the Students of the Imperial Academy during the Song Dynasty." The book drew explicit parallels between historical events and the contemporary political climate, seeking to ignite a sense of
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He died in 1982 at the age of 84, having lived through four eras in Chinese history – the Qing dynasty, the Beiyang Government, the Republic of China, and the People's Republic of China. In an essay titled "My Father," his son Gan Jinshan wrote: "The ups and downs of his life's honor and disgrace
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from their positions on the National Committee of the People's Congress. At the same time, Huang was stripped of nine other positions ranging from central to local levels, leaving him only as a member of the Guangxi Political Consultative Conference. Among the famous five "Rightist" historians in
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Professor Huang Xianfan's scholarship was characterized by three key elements: pioneering historical research, a multi-evidence approach, and an innovative textual research methodology. Building upon Wang Guowei's dual evidence method, Professor Huang established his unique "tri-evidence method."
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These works provided a rich and detailed portrait of Zhuang history, society, and culture, representing a landmark achievement in Zhuang studies at the time. Their publication was groundbreaking, filling significant gaps in the existing scholarship and laying the groundwork for future research. A
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A straightforward scholar like Huang Xianfan could not escape persecution during the Anti-Rightist era. After being labeled a "Rightist," he faced an overwhelming barrage of critical articles and big-character posters, along with various condemnation meetings at Guangxi Normal College.He faced a
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While working as an assistant director at the Institute for Education Studies at Beijing Normal University, Huang Xianfan began researching education. He strongly believed in shaping students' character through education, emphasizing the importance of combining knowledge with action. In 1981, he
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Published in March 1936 by the Commercial Press, Huang Xianfan's "A General Outline of Tang Dynasty Society" marked a significant departure from traditional historiography. Divided into four chapters, each focusing on a distinct area of study and further subdivided into twelve sections, the book
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In 1956, following the instructions given by Peng Zhen, Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress, at a meeting on March 31, the NPC Ethnic Affairs Committee adopted a resolution on April 19 titled "Preliminary Plan for Conducting Research on the Social and Historical Conditions of Various
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Huang Xianfan made a significant contribution to anthropology by developing a new fieldwork methodology. This approach emerged from his extensive fieldwork in China's southwestern provinces. In August 1943, he organized the "Qian-Gui Border Region Survey Team," leading over ten students from Sun
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Huang Xianfan was a scholar first and foremost, dedicated to teaching and research. During the 1940s Republican era, he held no official positions and rarely involved himself in activities outside of academia, especially political party affairs. He never actively sought involvement in politics.
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Huang consolidated the vast amount of first-hand information he collected into the "Investigation Report on the Situation of Ethnic Minorities in Luocheng and Hechi Counties," which he submitted to the People's Government of the Guixi Zhuang Autonomous Region. This report served as an important
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That August, Professor Huang helped establish a research group dedicated to the social history of Guangxi's ethnic groups. As deputy leader and head of the Zhuang subgroup, he guided the team's academic work. Under his leadership, they conducted the most extensive and thorough investigation of
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In Scholarship, Self-Pioneering is Precious-Remembering the Guangxi Academic Giant Huang Xianfan," included in "treat each other with utmost sincerity" edited and printed by the Literature and History Data Committee of Guilin Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative
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In Scholarship, Self-Pioneering is Precious-Remembering the Guangxi Academic Giant Huang Xianfan," included in "treat each other with utmost sincerity" edited and printed by the Literature and History Data Committee of Guilin Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative
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Between 1978 and 1982, Huang Xianfan's presence graced the towering mountains of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. From the border towns of Longzhou and Pingxiang to the revolutionary heartland of Baise and Tianyang, and on to Bama, renowned for the longevity of its people, his journeys
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In June 1953, Huang Xianfan established the Historical and Cultural Relics Survey Team under the Cultural and Educational Bureau of the Guixi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Government at Guangxi University. He led the team to conduct investigations in Nandan, Tian'e, Hechi, Luocheng, and
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In 1922, he enrolled in Guangxi Third Normal College. Four years later, he furthered his studies at Beijing Normal University, where he had the privilege of being taught by renowned scholars Chen Yuan and Qian Xuantong. Over the next nine years, he thrived in this intellectually stimulating
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This novel approach to academic research incorporated archeological materials (artifacts and inscriptions), historical documents, and ethnological data (historical relics and oral histories) in his textual investigations of ancient Chinese history and culture.
3710:"Devoted to the People with Utmost Loyalty: In Memory of Professor Huang Xianfan," written by Feng Zhonglin,in Commemorative Anthology for the Centennial of Professor Huang Xianfan's Birth , compiled and printed by Guangxi Normal University, November 1999.
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3683:"Huang Xianfan: The Guangxi Academic Giant," in Biographies of Cultural Scholars of Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China, edited by Jin Xinghua; compiled by Qiao Jitang and Cui Zhanhua, Guiyang: Guizhou Nationalities Press, 2013, p. 51.
2450:"Huang Xianfan: The Guangxi Academic Giant," in Biographies of Cultural Scholars of Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China, edited by Jin Xinghua; compiled by Qiao Jitang and Cui Zhanhua, Guiyang: Guizhou Nationalities Press, 2013, p. 49.
3656:"Huang Xianfan: The Guangxi Academic Giant," in Biographies of Cultural Scholars of Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China, edited by Jin Xinghua; compiled by Qiao Jitang and Cui Zhanhua, Guiyang: Guizhou Nationalities Press, 2013, p.51.
3005:"Huang Xianfan: The Guangxi Academic Giant," in Biographies of Cultural Scholars of Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China, edited by Jin Xinghua; compiled by Qiao Jitang and Cui Zhanhua, Guiyang: Guizhou Nationalities Press, 2013, p.55.
2575:"Huang Xianfan: The Guangxi Academic Giant," in Biographies of Cultural Scholars of Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China, edited by Jin Xinghua; compiled by Qiao Jitang and Cui Zhanhua, Guiyang: Guizhou Nationalities Press, 2013, p.50.
2236:"Huang Xianfan: The Guangxi Academic Giant," in Biographies of Cultural Scholars of Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China, edited by Jin Xinghua; compiled by Qiao Jitang and Cui Zhanhua, Guiyang: Guizhou Nationalities Press, 2013, p.47.
2025:"Huang Xianfan: The Guangxi Academic Giant," in Biographies of Cultural Scholars of Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China, edited by Jin Xinghua; compiled by Qiao Jitang and Cui Zhanhua, Guiyang: Guizhou Nationalities Press, 2013,p.52.
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https://www.alljournals.cn/view_abstract.aspx?pcid=01BA20E8BA813E1924CB483152CA50D4FC5BD3CBB47B847F&cid=A0FC94A5FD0A85157477FFBF5C2944B0&jid=8E40FDD07FA159BAB27405FFC8DFC920&aid=20C4299F2D4B0E05F047141ED224D5AC&yid=67289AFF6305E306
2780:"One of the Founders of Chinese Academic Scholarship in the 20th Century - The Life and Academic Achievements of Huang Xianfan," published in "Biographies of Prominent Figures from Fusui (First Volume)," Guangxi People's Press, December 4, 2013.
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Huang Xianfan: The Guangxi Academic Giant," in Biographies of Cultural Scholars of Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China, edited by Jin Xinghua; compiled by Qiao Jitang and Cui Zhanhua, Guiyang: Guizhou Nationalities Press, 2013,
2377:"Entry on Huang Xianfan", in"Great Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese Cultural Celebrities",p.519.Editorial Committee of the Great Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese Cultural Celebrities(ed.). Beijing: Chinese Radio and Television Press,1992.
2771:"Introduction." In A General Outline of Tang Dynasty Society and National Salvation Movement of the Students of the Imperial Academy during the Song Dynasty, by Huang Xianfan. Reprint edition, Jilin Publishing Group, November 2009.pp.20-29.
2753:"Introduction." In A General Outline of Tang Dynasty Society and National Salvation Movement of the Students of the Imperial Academy during the Song Dynasty, by Huang Xianfan. Reprint edition, Jilin Publishing Group, November 2009.pp.8-18.
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Gan Jinshan: "Father - Commemorating the 110th Birthday of Professor Huang Xianfan," in Gan Jinshan (ed.), Recollecting Youthful Memories from the Old Campus of Guangxi University" edited by Gan Jinshan, p.79-96, Lijiang Press, December
2245:"Entry on Huang Xianfan", in "Who's Who in the Modern Republic of China and Manchukuo",p.177.Intelligence Department of the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs (ed.). Published by Association for the Common Culture of East Asia, 1937.
580:- diligence, determination, selflessness and a tireless quest for truth. A life emblematic of Chinese intellectuals' resilience, serving as a powerful reminder of the enduring impact of principled belief and action against adversity.
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3083:"The Causes and Consequences of My Classification as an 'Ultra-Rightist'", narrated by Huang Xianfan, compiled by Gan Wenjie and Gan Wenhao, published in Guangxi's "Literature and History Spring and Autumn," Issue No. 4, 1995.
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https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI1MDIwNjg0MQ==&mid=2247496684&idx=1&sn=7c3fe8196b8651196bf0f9344416c459&chksm=e9877cfadef0f5ec06372eb55642b17b962443301be07e4330c99973ddc30d411d99e219e47d&scene=27
3092:"The Life, Scholarship, and Anecdotes of Huang Xianfan", by Peng Yongguang, in "Seeking Dreams in the Old Garden of West China University", edited by Gan Jinshan, pages 97-132, Lijiang Publishing House, December 2011
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Chen Jisheng, "A Tentative Discussion on the Contributions of the Renowned Historian Huang Xianfan to the Practice and Development of 'New Historiography'in 20th-Century China." Guangxi Ethnic Studies,Issue 1,2007,
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Chen Jisheng,"A Tentative Discussion the contributions of the renowned historian Huang Xianfan to the practice and development of 'New Historiography' in 20th-century China." Guangxi Ethnic Studies,Issue
2350:"Huang Xianfan", by Zhang Yimin, in "Historical and Contemporary Educational Figures of Guangxi", page 270, edited and printed by the Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, October 2001
3038:"Professor Huang Xianfan's Educational Achievements." written by Lin Su,in Commemorative Anthology for the Centennial of Professor Huang Xianfan's Birth , Guilin: Guangxi Normal University,1999,pp.12-17.
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3674:"The old ox is not afraid of the short sunset, and strides forward without the need for a whip: In Memory of Professor Huang Xianfan," written by Feng Zhonglin,in Guangxi Daily, February 24, 1982.
2536:"Preliminary Plan for Conducting Research on the Social and Historical Conditions of Various Ethnic Groups in Minority Areas," Ethnic Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress,ed., 1956.
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Japan's Research Office of the Cabinet Secretariat. List of important figures in organization of the People's Republic of China. (National Affairs References), No.30. December 10, 1957. p.46,55.
2475:"Pioneering Zhuang Studies with Sincere Dedication: Commemorating the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Professor Huang Xianfan, a Renowned Zhuang Scholar." Guangxi Ethnic Studies, no. 4 (1999).
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3940:.Editorial Committee of the Great Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese Cultural Celebrities(ed.). Beijing: Chinese Radio and Television Press,1992.p. 519.ISBN 7504315133, 9787504315137(
3665:"Remembering Professor Huang Xianfan," in Commemorative Anthology for the Centennial of Professor Huang Xianfan's Birth , compiled and printed by Guangxi Normal University, November 1999.
2218:
Huang Xianfan. "Thirteen Years of Weathering the Storm Together" (posthumous work). Memoirs of Guangxi University Teachers and Students,pp.102-121.Nanning: Guangxi Fine Arts Press, 2008.
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Huang Xianfan's Autobiography.in Commemorative Anthology for the Centennial of Professor Huang Xianfan's Birth. Compiled and printed by Guangxi Normal University, November 1999, pp. 1-2.
2441:"A Review and Reflection on 40 Years of Ethnic Surveys and Research (Part 1)," posthumous manuscript by Huang Xianfan, compiled by Gan Wenjie, Guangxi Ethnic Studies 3 (2007): 32-35.
3647:"A Brief Biography of Huang Xianfan".in A Preliminary Exploration of Ancient Book Interpretation: Selected Academic Papers of Huang Xianfan.Guangxi Normal University Press, 2004.
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3692:"A Brief Biography of Huang Xianfan".in A Preliminary Exploration of Ancient Book Interpretation: Selected Academic Papers of Huang Xianfan.Guangxi Normal University Press,2004.
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630:", Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1936, 1956,1965 (Reprinted by Wenxing Bookstore in Taipei), 1996(Reprinted by Shanghai Bookstore), 2000 (Reprinted by Jilin Publishing Group ).
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https://glstory-gxgllib-org-cn.translate.goog/Article.aspx?id=5379&_x_tr_sch=http&_x_tr_port=8131&_x_tr_sl=zh-CN&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc
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Professor Huang was criticized as a bourgeois rightist. People's Daily and Guangxi Daily published a series of critical essays about him from August to November 1957.
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3136:"Entry on Huang Xianfan", in "Figures of Republican Guangxi", compiled by Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Library,p.230. Guangxi People's Publishing House, 2008.
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Huang Xianfan, "China's History Had No Slave Society: Also on Ancient Slaves of the World and Their Social Forms." Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 2015.
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3906:. Intelligence Department of the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs (ed.). Published by Association for the Common Culture of East Asia, 1937. p. 177 (
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Preface 2 to "A Commentary Biography of Wei Baqun", Posthumous Work by Huang Xianfan.Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 2008.p.7 ISBN 978-7-5633-7656-8.
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Deng Bingying, "No Need for a Whip the Horse Strides Forth" in Teachers' Heroes Illuminate China, vol. 14, Shaanxi People's Education Press, July 1994, p.26.
3960:.Editorial Committee of the Great Dictionary of Chinese Education(ed.). Shanghai:Shanghai Education Press,1998.p. 1450. ISBN 7532053806, 9787532053803(
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Wang Huicun, "Entry on Huang Xianfan", in "Biographical Records of Ethnic Minority Figures in Guangxi",p.480.Guangxi nationalities publishing house, 1998.
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Huang Xianfan: "Thirteen Years of Weathering the Storm Together" (Posthumous Work), in "Xida Qingyuan",Guangxi Fine Arts Press, November 2008.pp.102-121.
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Pan, Rongcai. "The Fire Lives On, Though the Fuel is Spent: Endless Benefits and Merits."Journal of Guangxi Normal University, vol. 35, no. 4, Dec. 1999.
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Huang, Xianfan. "A Tentative Discussion on the Construction of 'Chinese Lifeways Studies' (Posthumous Work)." Guangxi Social Sciences,no.3,2007,pp.1-12.
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A Preliminary Exploration of Ancient Book Interpretation: Selected Academic Papers of Huang Xianfan,Preface III.Guangxi Normal University Press, 2004.
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A Preliminary Exploration of Ancient Book Interpretation: Selected Academic Papers of Huang Xianfan, Preface II.Guangxi Normal University Press, 2004.
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1924:: Huang Xianfan. Introduction on Chinese Ancient Books. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 2004.p. 560-567(works and articles catalog).
3324:"Representatives of Various Ethnic Groups in Guangxi Criticize Huang Shaohong and Huang Xianfan," published in People's Daily, September 6, 1957.
3756:"Document of the Fusui County People's Government," Fusui Government Dispatch No. 9,Stamped on August 21, 2017.(《扶绥县人民政府文件》,扶政发9号,2017年8月21日盖印)
3892:. As Told by Huang Xianfan,Gan Wenjie, Gan Wenhao, and Gan Jinshan(ed.). Guangxi Normal University Press,2018. ISBN 754950038X, 9787549500383(
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Preface 1 to "A Commentary Biography of Wei Baqun", Posthumous Work by Huang Xianfan.Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 2008.pp.4-5.
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3701:"A Brief Introduction to Huang Xianfan", in "Overview of Cities and Counties in Guangxi", p.211. Guangxi People's Publishing House, 1985
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Chen Jisheng, "A Tentative Discussion on the No-Slavery School in Chinese Historiography," China Folklore Network 中国民俗网 , June 5, 2010.
823:.As Told by Huang Xianfan,Gan Wenjie, Gan Wenhao, and Gan Jinshan(ed.), Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 2018, 520,000 words.(
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Lu Xun, "Have the Chinese People Lost Their Confidence?" in Lu Xun Complete Works, Volume 6, People's Literature Press, 1981 edition.
3240:"We Must Resolutely Counter the Reckless Attacks of Rightists," (乌云消散,太阳更加万丈光芒——郭沫若谈反右派斗争)published in Guangming Daily, June 27, 1957
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Chen Jisheng,"A Tentative Discussion Bagui School of Chinese Ethnology", Nanning:Guangxi Social Sciences, No.7-11,2008.ISSN 1004-6917
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Peng, Yongguang. Huang Xianfan's Academic Life and Anecdotes: Memoirs in Guangxi University. pp. 97-132. Guilin: Lijiang Press, 2011.
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2,300 Chinese Celebrities That Every Chinese Should Know.Li Ke、Zhou Xiaomeng、Shen Zhi(ed.). Wànjuàn Publishing Company,2009.p. 209.
3747:"Huang Xianfan: One of the Founders of Modern Chinese Ethnology", by Ma Shengzhi, published in "Zuojiang Daily", November 19, 2010
3249:"Dissipating Clouds, the Sun Shines Brighter: Guo Moruo on the Anti-Rightist Struggle," published in People's Daily, June 29, 1957
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3306:"A Compilation of Rightist Statements from Guangxi Normal College", printed and edited by Guangxi Normal College, November 1957
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Chen Qian. "An Analysis of Huang Xianfan's Thoughts on History Education." Issues in History Teaching, no. 5 (2015): 109-127.
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2045:"A Brief Biography of Huang Xianfan". In A Commentary Biography of Wei Baqun. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 2008.
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Following this, on February 1, 1958, the Fifth Session of the First National People's Congress passed a resolution removing
3916:. Tokyo: Japanese Kazankai Foundation, 1957, 1962, 1966, 1972, 1982, 1986 editions. pp. 189, 208, 327, 325, 318, 588.(
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First University Professor of Zhuang ethnicity:Huang Xianfan. Nanning:Guangxi ethnic newspaper, No.381, December 31, 1999.
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2566:"Chronicle of Major Events in Contemporary Ethnic Affairs Work — 1949 to 1988". Nationalities Press, September 1989,p.89.
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Great Dictionary of the Cultures of Chinese Ethnic Minorities - Volume for the Central-Southern and Southeastern Regions
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3429:"The Lady's Living Room," in Commemorative Anthology for Teacher Huang Wenfei, Jinshan Culture Printing, October 2018.
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Huang Xianfan: Pioneer of Modern Chinese Ethnic Minority Fieldwork(Phoenix News Network)黄现璠:奠定中国现代少数民族田野调查先驱地位(凤凰新闻网)
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Zhuangzu Baike Cidian(Encyclopedia of the Zhuang Nationality), p.127. Nanning: Guangxi People’s Publishing House,1993
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Guangxi Normal University have established scholarships of Huang Xianfan. Nanning:Guangxi Daily, November 26, 1999.
3315:"Huang Xianfan Incites Student Unrest as a People's Representative," published in Guangxi Daily, September 2, 1957.
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3526:"Entry on Huang Xianfan", in "Dictionary of Modern Chinese Names",p.327.Tokyo: Japanese Kazankai Foundation, 1966.
3145:"Entry on Huang Xianfan", in "Dictionary of Modern Chinese Names",p.189.Tokyo: Japanese Kazankai Foundation, 1957.
633:"Lecture Notes on the General History of China". The Registrar's Office of Guangxi University (Mimeographed),1938.
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3950:.Li Ke、Zhou Xiaomeng、Shen Zhi(ed.). Wànjuàn Publishing Company,2009.p. 209. ISBN 7547003540, 9787547003541(
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Yang, Jing. "A Study of Huang Xianfan's Historical Scholarship." Master's thesis, Hunan Normal University, 2013.
2263:"Modern and Contemporary Historical Figures". The Best of Guilin, p.23.Beijing: Posts & Telecom Press, 2012.
323:. His original name was Gan Jinying, and he was later renamed Huang Xianfan after the Huang family adopted him.
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2359:"Forty Years of Family and Country", by Gan Jinshan, published in "Guangxi University Alumni", Issue 1, 2010
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Zhang Jianzhi."Recalling Chen Mengjia and Zhao Luorui," published in Wenhui Reading Weekly, June 18, 2010.
2341:"A Brief Introduction to Huang Xianfan," in Chronicles of Guilin Culture,p.988.Guilin: Lijiang Press,1987.
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Chen Jisheng. On Bagui School of Chinese Ethnology. Nanning: Guangxi Social Sciences, Issue 7-11, 2008.
2368:"Biography of Huang Xianfan", published in "Biographical Literature" (Taiwan), Volume 72, Issue 1, 1998
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Society" ,Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1936. 1937(Reprinted by Jilin Publishing Group in November 2009)
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Mo Jun: "The Master of Zhuang Studies Huang Xianfan", published in Guangxi Daily, September 3, 2002.
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Li Wentao. "The founder of the Zhuang historiography: Huang Xianfan." Guilin Daily, March 27, 2002.
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China's History Had No Slave Society - Also on Ancient Slaves of the World and Their Social Forms
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3970:.Tiemuer Dawamat(ed.). Nationalities Press,1999.p. 143-144.ISBN 7105033894, 9787105033898 (
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Compiled and printed by the Guangxi Ethnic Minorities Social History Survey Team, March 2, 1957.
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https://www.chinesefolklore.org.cn/forum/redirect.php?fid=131&tid=14724&goto=nextnewset
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610:"Outline of Chinese General History",three volumes,Beijing: Beiping Culture Society,1932-1934.
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Wu, Guo (2019), "Collaboration and Resistance of Minority Elite: Huang Xianfan's Struggle",
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Wu, Guo (2019), "Collaboration and Resistance of Minority Elite: Huang Xianfan's Struggle",
3339:
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Wu, Guo (2019), "Collaboration and Resistance of Minority Elite: Huang Xianfan's Struggle",
2920:
2915:
Wu, Guo (2019), "Collaboration and Resistance of Minority Elite: Huang Xianfan's Struggle",
2838:
2833:
Wu, Guo (2019), "Collaboration and Resistance of Minority Elite: Huang Xianfan's Struggle",
2657:
2652:
Wu, Guo (2019), "Collaboration and Resistance of Minority Elite: Huang Xianfan's Struggle",
2590:
2585:
Wu, Guo (2019), "Collaboration and Resistance of Minority Elite: Huang Xianfan's Struggle",
2490:
2485:
Wu, Guo (2019), "Collaboration and Resistance of Minority Elite: Huang Xianfan's Struggle",
2404:
2399:
Wu, Guo (2019), "Collaboration and Resistance of Minority Elite: Huang Xianfan's Struggle",
2278:
2273:
Wu, Guo (2019), "Collaboration and Resistance of Minority Elite: Huang Xianfan's Struggle",
2175:
2170:
Wu, Guo (2019), "Collaboration and Resistance of Minority Elite: Huang Xianfan's Struggle",
2135:
2130:
Wu, Guo (2019), "Collaboration and Resistance of Minority Elite: Huang Xianfan's Struggle",
2070:
2065:
Wu, Guo (2019), "Collaboration and Resistance of Minority Elite: Huang Xianfan's Struggle",
585:
3810:
3014:
2976:
https://www.chinafolklore.org/forum/redirect.php?tid=16159&goto=lastpost&highlight=
2884:
Inscription on the bronze statue of Huang Xianfan was erected in Guangxi Normal University.
3623:
3228:
229:
218:
213:
3569:
2545:
265:
3068:
1670:
The inaugural meeting of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Historical Society Proceedings
3835:
Commemorative Anthology for Teacher Huang Wenfei," Jinshan Culture Press, October 2018.
151:
3439:
2314:"first university professor of Guangxi Chongzuo: Huang Xianfan – cnwest88.com/中国西部开发网"
1972:"one of the founders of modern Chinese ethnology".in Zuojiang Daily, November 19, 2010
1127:
Liberation of the serfs and the awakening of the civilian population in Zhanquo Period
3981:
3514:
3401:
3361:
2942:
2860:
2679:
2612:
2557:"Anthropology and Ethnology Studies Contributions to China",Chinese Ethnic,No.5,2008.
2512:
2426:
2300:
2197:
2157:
2092:
1648:
670:
642:
275:
2798:
2525:
https://phtv.ifeng.com/program/tfzg/detail_2013_07/26/27950539_0.shtml?_from_ralated
790:
A Commentary Biography of Wei Baqun. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 2008.
1986:
1413:
1192:
1109:
1009:
971:
952:
627:
620:
527:
320:
312:
209:
200:
3635:
3544:
2691:
Liu Zixian. "Huang Xianfan, a Zhuang Elite, and Chinese Nationalism (1930-1982)."
3971:
3961:
3951:
3941:
3931:
3893:
3154:
Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on April 27, 1957
828:
814:
809:.by Huang Xianfan. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 2015. 800,000 words.(
3496:
3383:
3343:
2924:
2842:
2661:
2594:
2494:
2408:
2282:
2179:
2139:
2074:
1262:
1243:
722:
638:
626:"National Salvation Movement of the Students of the Imperial Academy during the
283:
2963:
2872:
2034:
1543:
The awakening and equality of the civilian population in chunqiu-Zhanquo Period
3926:. Editorial Committee of the Great Dictionary of Chinese Names(ed.).Shanghai:
3378:, New Directions in East Asian History, Springer Singapore, pp. 148–149,
3115:
2837:, New Directions in East Asian History, Springer Singapore, pp. 146–147,
2134:, New Directions in East Asian History, Springer Singapore, pp. 139–160,
2069:, New Directions in East Asian History, Springer Singapore, pp. 147、150,
1963:
Inscription on the bronze statue of Huang Xianfan was erected in his hometown.
1652:
393:
The bronze statue of Huang Xianfan was installed by Guangxi Normal University.
2389:
Huang Xianfan, internationally renowned ethnologist (China Ethnicity Network)
810:
279:
3865:
1950:
3556:
2462:
Zhou Hong. "On Huang Xianfan's Ethnic History Research." Master's thesis,
1989:
China University Humanities and Social Sciences Information Network(简称社科网)
755:
739:
731:
3930:
Lexicographical Press, 1992.p. 1861.ISBN 7532602079, 9787532602070 (
3927:
3491:, New Directions in East Asian History, Springer Singapore, p. 145,
3338:, New Directions in East Asian History, Springer Singapore, p. 140,
2919:, New Directions in East Asian History, Springer Singapore, p. 145,
2656:, New Directions in East Asian History, Springer Singapore, p. 144,
2589:, New Directions in East Asian History, Springer Singapore, p. 144,
2489:, New Directions in East Asian History, Springer Singapore, p. 144,
2403:, New Directions in East Asian History, Springer Singapore, p. 142,
2386:
2277:, New Directions in East Asian History, Springer Singapore, p. 141,
2174:, New Directions in East Asian History, Springer Singapore, p. 140,
869:
747:
536:
287:
2978:
Mo Juansheng "On Zhuang Studies",China Folklore Network, July 24, 2010.
697:
691:
316:
290:. Huang is considered one of the founders of modern Chinese ethnology.
181:
1856:
A Tentative Discussion on the Construction of Chinese Lifeways Studies
4008:
Members of the 5th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
3823:
3071:
The Pioneering Zhuang Ethnic Professor (China Education News Network)
2707:
Founder of Zhuang Historical Studies(Bibliotheek van Guilin, Guangxi)
577:
255:
159:
155:
147:
77:
1947:
China Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences/中国人类学民族学研究会
3907:
3822:
Yang Xiong. Huang Xianfan's biography. Biography Literary, Vol. 1,
3425:
3423:
311:
Huang Xianfan was born on 13 November 1899 in the town of Qujiu in
201:
China University Humanities and Social Sciences Information Network
3924:
Great Dictionary of Chinese Names - Volume of Contemporary Figures
1872:
A Review and Reflection on 40 Years of Ethnic Surveys and Research
1765:
History of Chinese ethnic relations Academic Symposium Proceedings
1409:
916:
686:. Nanning: Guangxi social and historical investigation team, 1957.
665:. Nanning: Guangxi social and historical investigation team, 1957.
127:
58:
1666:
Zhuang female general Wasi led the army against Japanese invaders
539:
of the Yi, Huang Xianfan of the Zhuang, Ou Baichuan of the Miao,
1518:
December 29, 1946. January 11,25, 1947 (Published continuously)
3617:
http://www.yn.gov.cn/yn_yngk/yn_ldmr/201112/t20111230_2707.html
2809:
2807:
2801:
Social Sciences Researcher Association of ZWU(浙江万里学院社会科学研究者联合会)
357:
The bronze statue of Huang Xianfan was erected in his hometown.
1447:
Wu emperor in Han Dynasty to fight for the survival of the Han
3938:
Great Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese Cultural Celebrities
3112:
Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China
3412:
3410:
1792:
On the differences and similarities between Baiyue and Baipu
4063:
Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party politicians
3055:
3053:
1627:
It is a just war that Nong Zhigao uprising against the Song
1376:
Changes in ancient and modern of the men and women footwear
1360:
Five Marquis in chunqiu period do not respect the Zhou king
1143:
Changes in ancient and modern of the Chinese sitting custom
992:
Northern rebels After the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty
1611:
Situation of the historical distribution in Guangxi Zhuang
700:: Guangxi, social and historical investigation team, 1957.
647:, Mimeographed by the Library of Guangxi University, 1950.
3813:
Duxiu Scholar-Guangxi Normal University Website.(广西师范大学网)
1745:
Inner Mongolia is China's territory since the Qin and Han
840:
The following are the Articles written by Huang Xianfan.
3948:
2,300 Chinese Celebrities That Every Chinese Should Know
3811:
https://www.gxnu.edu.cn/2022/1111/c10952a253994/page.htm
3015:
https://qikan.cqvip.com/Qikan/Article/Detail?id=28770924
3904:
Who's Who in the Modern Republic of China and Manchukuo
3079:
3077:
2546:
https://www.gov.cn/test/2005-07/26/content_17366_2.htm
3570:"北京之春---36000名"右派分子"简录 1957民主运动 (整风-反右) 史料/岑超南 武宜三 等"
3069:
http://www.jyb.cn/zgjsb/201806/t20180626_1128556.html
1888:
On the origin and evolution of the West Ethnic words
1761:
Zhuang leader Nong Zhigao in uprising and its impact
1559:
China's ancient history stages should be re-assessed
4068:
People's Republic of China politicians from Guangxi
1495:
A study on the eating utensils and eating etiquette
196:
188:
176:
166:
142:
134:
118:
103:
93:
85:
66:
40:
21:
1697:A study on the no Slave Society in Chinese History
1577:Zhuang peoples of the Taiping Rebellion Revolution
3489:Narrating Southern Chinese Minority Nationalities
3376:Narrating Southern Chinese Minority Nationalities
3336:Narrating Southern Chinese Minority Nationalities
2917:Narrating Southern Chinese Minority Nationalities
2835:Narrating Southern Chinese Minority Nationalities
2799:https://ssra.zwu.edu.cn/be/82/c566a48770/page.htm
2654:Narrating Southern Chinese Minority Nationalities
2587:Narrating Southern Chinese Minority Nationalities
2487:Narrating Southern Chinese Minority Nationalities
2458:
2456:
2401:Narrating Southern Chinese Minority Nationalities
2275:Narrating Southern Chinese Minority Nationalities
2172:Narrating Southern Chinese Minority Nationalities
2132:Narrating Southern Chinese Minority Nationalities
2067:Narrating Southern Chinese Minority Nationalities
1840:A new study on the Dong Son drums and its pattern
1092:A study on the evolution of the Chinese etiquette
779:. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 2004.
2437:
2435:
1987:https://www.sinoss.net/c/2010-10-20/510647.shtml
1808:Guangxi Ningming Huashan fresco and burial caves
1511:Educational visits in mind of the Qiangui border
1479:A study on the Chinese clothing of men and women
1396:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1380:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1364:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1348:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1332:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1316:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1312:Drinking customs and the origins of the waitress
1300:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1284:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1268:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1249:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1230:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1214:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1198:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1179:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1163:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1147:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1131:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1115:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1096:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
1080:Against newspaper, Literature and history Weekly
915:History textbook investigation and criticism of
718:. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 1981.
511:Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
4003:Delegates to the 1st National People's Congress
3636:http://bbs.ifeng.com/viewthread.php?tid=4954810
3545:http://bbs.ifeng.com/viewthread.php?tid=4954810
1463:Northern people resistance in Wuhu riots period
1175:A Study on the India Buddhist custom of sitting
274:) (November 13, 1899 – January 18, 1982) was a
171:Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party
2548:The official website of the Chinese government
1303:No.43,44,46,48,49,51 (Published continuously)
1028:Oppressed class Hannan peoples in Yuan Dynasty
678:Establishment of the Soviet regime in Youjiang
1647:History Science Symposium Proceedings of the
1431:War History of Againstting enemies in the Han
495:The 1940s during the Republic of China period
8:
2964:https://www.zhonghuadiancang.com/renwu/6606/
2873:https://www.zhonghuadiancang.com/renwu/6606/
1982:
1980:
1978:
233:
4048:Academic staff of Guangxi Normal University
1210:Strange clothing decoration in Yuan Dynasty
1150:No.12,16,18,19,20 (Published continuously)
16:Chinese historian, ethnologist and educator
3638:1957年“反右運動”中各界著名大右派分子名錄/鳳凰網/國家歷史/2010年8月1日
3547:1957年“反右運動”中各界著名大右派分子名錄/鳳凰網/國家歷史/2010年8月1日
1392:A study on the Changes of Chinese clothing
1226:Taoism political revolution in Han Dynasty
970:Political activity of Tai-Xue students in
842:
726:. Nanning: Guangxi Peoples's Press, 1983,
712:. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University, 1976.
706:. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University, 1962.
680:. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University, 1957.
663:Zhuang history of resistance to oppression
659:. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University, 1953.
657:Selected Readings in Chinese history books
29:
18:
3114:, Appointment No:7286, signed by Premier
1470:Vol.5, No.2,4,5 (Published continuously)
1328:Origin and spread of tea drinking customs
1280:Developed manor economy in Zhanquo Period
935:Transfer and shipper in Tang-Song Dynasty
765:. Nanning: Guangxi National Press, 1988.
684:Survey of the Guangxi Daxin County Zhuang
674:. Nanning: Guangxi Peoples's Press, 1957.
4043:Academic staff of Sun Yat-sen University
3864:(in Chinese). 1999-12-04. Archived from
3163:published in People's Daily, May 1, 1957
1824:On the Dong Son drums making and pattern
1776:A study on the Zhuang another name Wu Hu
1296:A study on the spread of smoking customs
1076:Shape and change of the Chinese courtesy
616:. Beijing: Beiping Lida Bookstore, 1933.
388:
352:
3557:https://www.jcszgdsxh.com/h-nd-822.html
3464:"1895年12月1日 新桂系三巨头之一黄绍竑出生_历史上的今天_历史人物网"
1934:
1844:Studies Reference of Ethnics in Guangxi
1780:Studies Reference of Ethnics in Guangxi
1438:Vol.4, No.7,9 (Published continuously)
704:Introduction to classical writings read
690:On the social and historical survey of
270:
2387:http://www.minzu56.net/rw/xz/7574.html
1242:Three changes of academic thinking in
919:'s middle school in last three decades
4053:Victims of the Anti-Rightist Campaign
3559:Jincheng Party History Website(晋城党史网)
3174:"中共开展整风运动,党外人士帮助整风--党的各项工作--中国共产党新闻网"
1904:Thirteen years through thick and thin
1408:Guangxi female general on Againsting
1399:No.71,73,74 (Published continuously)
1383:No.68,70,71 (Published continuously)
1367:No.62,63,65 (Published continuously)
1217:No.30,31,32 (Published continuously)
777:Introduction on Chinese Ancient Books
7:
4038:Academic staff of Guangxi University
3288:banned-historical-archives.github.io
3222:1957年6月8號 毛澤東親自起草「反右」文件/鳳凰網/2013-6-8
1060:A study on the Chinese hair dressing
653:. Nanning: Guangxi University, 1952.
1879:Phase.3,4 (Published continuously)
1643:Chieftain system in western Guangxi
716:No Slave Society in Chinese History
4058:Victims of the Cultural Revolution
3914:Dictionary of Modern Chinese Names
1527:Social democracy in Qiangui border
1351:No.60,61 (Published continuously)
1344:A study on the sweet potato spread
1335:No.59,60 (Published continuously)
1319:No.54,55 (Published continuously)
1271:No.40,41 (Published continuously)
1201:No.29,30 (Published continuously)
1182:No.26,27 (Published continuously)
1166:No.22,23 (Published continuously)
1008:Hebei Shandong rebels in Southern
14:
2966:China Classics Collection Network
2875:China Classics Collection Network
2633:Guangxi People's Press,June 1957.
2035:China Classics Collection Network
1749:Guangxi Normal University Journal
1701:Guangxi Normal University Journal
1048:Beijing Normal University monthly
958:Beijing Normal University monthly
923:Beijing Normal University monthly
651:History of China's feudal society
4083:Beijing Normal University alumni
3198:"BBC 中文网 - 中国人谈中国 - 中国人谈中国:言者无罪"
1499:Sun Yat-sen University Quarterly
1483:Sun Yat-sen University Quarterly
4078:20th-century Chinese historians
3898:Guangxi Normal University Press
3765:Nanning Daily, December 3, 2018
825:Guangxi Normal University Press
811:Guangxi Normal University Press
899:Historical review on Northeast
614:Foreign history of high school
260:
251:
243:
35:Huang Xianfan graduation photo
1:
3958:Great Dictionary of Education
3890:Huang Xianfan's Autobiography
1812:Study of Ethnics in Southwest
821:Huang Xianfan's Autobiography
762:General History of the Zhuang
4098:20th-century anthropologists
3845:Conference,2007.pp. 232-270.
2464:East China Normal University
1729:Evolution of the Zhuang name
1032:Culture-constructing monthly
1016:Culture-constructing monthly
864:Farmers live in Yuan Dynasty
3497:10.1007/978-981-13-6022-0_6
3440:"人民日报 1958-02-02电子版,人民日报历史"
3384:10.1007/978-981-13-6022-0_6
3344:10.1007/978-981-13-6022-0_6
2925:10.1007/978-981-13-6022-0_6
2843:10.1007/978-981-13-6022-0_6
2662:10.1007/978-981-13-6022-0_6
2595:10.1007/978-981-13-6022-0_6
2495:10.1007/978-981-13-6022-0_6
2409:10.1007/978-981-13-6022-0_6
2283:10.1007/978-981-13-6022-0_6
2180:10.1007/978-981-13-6022-0_6
2140:10.1007/978-981-13-6022-0_6
2075:10.1007/978-981-13-6022-0_6
2055:Conference,2007.pp. 232-270
1681:Earliest castles in Guangxi
1191:Mongol strange marriage in
1044:Tenant life in Yuan Dynasty
883:Slaves live in Yuan Dynasty
89:Guangxi Government Cemetery
4114:
4088:University of Tokyo alumni
1547:Guangxi University Journal
1159:Japanese custom of sitting
504:The Anti-Rightist Campaign
349:Anthropology and Ethnology
207:
124:National People's Congress
98:People's Republic of China
3626:龍雲/雲南省人民政府門戶網站/2011-12-30
2693:Minzu University of China
1564:Guangxi Normal University
978:Beijing Normal University
112:Tokyo Imperial University
108:Beijing Normal University
28:
3857:专家学者—黄现璠(1899.11-1982.1)
3856:
1108:No Well-field system in
637:A Social History of the
520:Hundred Flowers Campaign
307:Early life and education
4073:Scientists from Guangxi
4028:Historians from Guangxi
3998:Chinese anthropologists
3204:(in Simplified Chinese)
3029:The Journal Circle(期刊界)
1892:Guangxi Social Sciences
1860:Guangxi Social Sciences
1815:Sichuan National Press
1713:Ancient Guangxi peoples
555:The Cultural Revolution
122:Representatives of the
4033:Educators from Guangxi
3776:"著名学者黄现璠铜像在家乡扶绥落成-侨报网"
1876:Guangxi Ethnic Studies
619:"A General Outline of
394:
358:
234:
126:(NPC), Members of the
3918:National Diet Library
3908:National Diet Library
3801:黄现璠铜像落成揭幕仪式在中国·乐养城举行
3598:www.chinaislam.net.cn
669:Brief History of the
530:, Huang Xianfan, and
436:Everyday Life Studies
392:
356:
45:Gan Jinying (甘錦英/甘锦英)
4013:People from Chongzuo
3780:www.uschinapress.com
951:Scheduled castes in
710:Formation of the Han
490:Political activities
138:1954–1958, 1980–1982
4093:Chinese sinologists
4018:Chinese folklorists
3444:www.govopendata.com
3264:blog.wenxuecity.com
3017:Weipu Journal(维普期刊)
1064:Jingshi fortnightly
855:Journal No.or Date
590:Mid-Autumn Festival
561:Cultural Revolution
248:traditional Chinese
3622:2013-09-13 at the
3468:www.lishirenwu.com
3260:"关于郭沫若 - 博客 | 文学城"
3227:2013-06-08 at the
1914:Guangxi Art Press
1910:Guangxi University
1261:Suiwen emperor in
547:of the Tujia, and
395:
359:
240:simplified Chinese
158:of Bagui and Wunu
130:National Committee
3826:, 1998, p. 69-73.
3574:beijingspring.com
3284:"必须坚决回击右派分子的猖狂进攻"
3178:cpc.people.com.cn
3118:in April 3, 1953.
2814:1,2007,pp.80-104.
1943:"A Huang Xianfan"
1918:
1917:
1908:Affection of the
1796:Ideological front
996:Sihuo fortnightly
796:978-7-5633-7656-8
450:Historical Notion
344:Academic research
206:
205:
135:Years active
110:(1926–1935) and
4105:
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3322:
3316:
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3307:
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2754:
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2745:
2742:
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2732:
2726:
2723:
2717:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2649:
2643:
2640:
2634:
2631:
2625:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2582:
2576:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2549:
2543:
2537:
2534:
2528:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2482:
2476:
2473:
2467:
2460:
2451:
2448:
2442:
2439:
2430:
2429:
2396:
2390:
2384:
2378:
2375:
2369:
2366:
2360:
2357:
2351:
2348:
2342:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2320:. Archived from
2310:
2304:
2303:
2270:
2264:
2261:
2255:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2237:
2234:
2228:
2225:
2219:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2127:
2121:
2111:
2105:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2062:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2037:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2017:
2014:
2008:
2005:
1999:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1973:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1949:. Archived from
1939:
939:Progress monthly
903:Progress monthly
843:
472:Education Notion
272:
262:
253:
245:
237:
180:Liu Lihua (刘丽华,
73:
55:13 November 1899
54:
52:
33:
19:
4113:
4112:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4103:
4102:
3978:
3977:
3886:
3881:
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3817:
3809:
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3797:
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3784:
3782:
3774:
3773:
3769:
3764:
3760:
3755:
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3742:
3737:
3733:
3728:
3724:
3718:
3714:
3709:
3705:
3700:
3696:
3691:
3687:
3682:
3678:
3673:
3669:
3664:
3660:
3655:
3651:
3646:
3642:
3634:
3630:
3624:Wayback Machine
3615:
3611:
3602:
3600:
3592:
3591:
3587:
3578:
3576:
3568:
3567:
3563:
3555:
3551:
3543:
3539:
3534:
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3486:
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3472:
3470:
3462:
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3457:
3448:
3446:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3428:
3421:
3415:
3408:
3394:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3354:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3314:
3310:
3305:
3301:
3292:
3290:
3282:
3281:
3277:
3268:
3266:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3248:
3244:
3239:
3235:
3229:Wayback Machine
3220:
3216:
3207:
3205:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3182:
3180:
3172:
3171:
3167:
3162:
3158:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3140:
3135:
3131:
3126:
3122:
3110:Appointment by
3109:
3105:
3100:
3096:
3091:
3087:
3082:
3075:
3067:
3063:
3058:
3051:
3046:
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3025:
3021:
3013:
3009:
3004:
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2995:
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2240:
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2213:
2208:
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2190:
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2150:
2129:
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2108:
2103:
2099:
2085:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2033:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1985:
1976:
1971:
1967:
1962:
1958:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1931:
1582:Guangming Daily
887:Social magazine
838:
607:
598:
569:
557:
506:
497:
492:
483:
474:
461:
452:
447:
438:
429:
412:
351:
346:
337:
309:
304:
223:
167:Political party
154:(壮学之父) and The
81:
75:
71:
70:18 January 1982
62:
56:
50:
48:
47:
46:
36:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4111:
4109:
4101:
4100:
4095:
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4075:
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4015:
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3995:
3990:
3980:
3979:
3976:
3975:
3965:
3955:
3945:
3935:
3921:
3911:
3901:
3885:
3882:
3879:
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3803:
3791:
3767:
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3749:
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3722:
3712:
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3694:
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3649:
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3479:
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3189:
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3138:
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3120:
3103:
3094:
3085:
3073:
3061:
3049:
3040:
3031:
3019:
3007:
2998:
2989:
2980:
2968:
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2947:
2933:
2907:
2898:
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2865:
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2825:
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2803:
2791:
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2773:
2764:
2755:
2746:
2737:
2727:
2718:
2709:
2697:
2684:
2670:
2644:
2635:
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2603:
2577:
2568:
2559:
2550:
2538:
2529:
2517:
2503:
2477:
2468:
2452:
2443:
2431:
2417:
2391:
2379:
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2361:
2352:
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2305:
2291:
2265:
2256:
2247:
2238:
2229:
2220:
2211:
2202:
2188:
2162:
2148:
2122:
2106:
2097:
2083:
2057:
2047:
2038:
2027:
2018:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1974:
1965:
1956:
1953:on 2016-03-07.
1933:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1925:
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1912:
1906:
1901:
1897:
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1877:
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1869:
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1864:
1861:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1837:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1828:Academic Forum
1826:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1797:
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1632:
1629:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1595:About Zhuangge
1592:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1552:
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1536:
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1532:
1529:
1524:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1467:Defence Weekly
1465:
1460:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1451:Defence Weekly
1449:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1435:Defence Weekly
1433:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1419:Defence Weekly
1417:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1309:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1239:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1057:
1053:
1052:
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1046:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1005:
1001:
1000:
997:
994:
989:
985:
984:
981:
975:
967:
963:
962:
959:
956:
948:
944:
943:
940:
937:
932:
928:
927:
924:
921:
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908:
907:
904:
901:
896:
892:
891:
888:
885:
880:
876:
875:
872:
866:
861:
857:
856:
853:
850:
847:
837:
836:Major Articles
834:
833:
832:
818:
804:
787:
774:
758:
719:
713:
707:
701:
687:
681:
675:
666:
660:
654:
648:
634:
631:
624:
617:
611:
606:
603:
597:
594:
568:
565:
556:
553:
505:
502:
496:
493:
491:
488:
482:
481:Academic style
479:
473:
470:
460:
457:
451:
448:
446:
445:Academic ideas
443:
437:
434:
428:
425:
411:
410:Historiography
408:
350:
347:
345:
342:
336:
333:
308:
305:
303:
300:
271:Huáng Hsiènfán
204:
203:
198:
194:
193:
190:
186:
185:
178:
174:
173:
168:
164:
163:
152:Zhuang studies
144:
143:Known for
140:
139:
136:
132:
131:
120:
116:
115:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
76:
74:(aged 82)
68:
64:
63:
57:
44:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4110:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4023:Zhuang people
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3973:
3969:
3966:
3963:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3949:
3946:
3943:
3939:
3936:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3915:
3912:
3909:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3883:
3868:on 2016-03-07
3867:
3863:
3859:
3851:
3848:
3841:
3838:
3832:
3829:
3825:
3819:
3816:
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3807:
3804:
3800:
3795:
3792:
3781:
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3771:
3768:
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3759:
3753:
3750:
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3713:
3707:
3704:
3698:
3695:
3689:
3686:
3680:
3677:
3671:
3668:
3662:
3659:
3653:
3650:
3644:
3641:
3637:
3632:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3613:
3610:
3599:
3595:
3594:"情系穆斯林 高节人相重"
3589:
3586:
3575:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3558:
3553:
3550:
3546:
3541:
3538:
3532:
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3520:
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3512:
3508:
3506:9789811360213
3502:
3498:
3494:
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3469:
3465:
3459:
3456:
3445:
3441:
3435:
3432:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3413:
3411:
3407:
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3399:
3395:
3393:9789811360213
3389:
3385:
3381:
3377:
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3367:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3353:9789811360213
3349:
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3321:
3318:
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3303:
3300:
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3285:
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3276:
3265:
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3255:
3252:
3246:
3243:
3237:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3218:
3215:
3203:
3199:
3193:
3190:
3179:
3175:
3169:
3166:
3160:
3157:
3151:
3148:
3142:
3139:
3133:
3130:
3124:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3107:
3104:
3098:
3095:
3089:
3086:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3065:
3062:
3056:
3054:
3050:
3044:
3041:
3035:
3032:
3028:
3023:
3020:
3016:
3011:
3008:
3002:
2999:
2993:
2990:
2984:
2981:
2977:
2972:
2969:
2965:
2960:
2957:
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2940:
2936:
2934:9789811360213
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2899:
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2881:
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2852:9789811360213
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2777:
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2706:
2701:
2698:
2694:
2688:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2671:9789811360213
2667:
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2648:
2645:
2639:
2636:
2630:
2627:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2604:9789811360213
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2581:
2578:
2572:
2569:
2563:
2560:
2554:
2551:
2547:
2542:
2539:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2521:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2504:9789811360213
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2481:
2478:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2438:
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2428:
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2420:
2418:9789811360213
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2395:
2392:
2388:
2383:
2380:
2374:
2371:
2365:
2362:
2356:
2353:
2347:
2344:
2338:
2335:
2324:on 2014-05-22
2323:
2319:
2315:
2309:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2292:9789811360213
2288:
2284:
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2189:9789811360213
2185:
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2177:
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2163:
2159:
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2151:
2149:9789811360213
2145:
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2137:
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1067:Vol.1, No.12
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643:Shang Dynasty
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586:Teachers' Day
581:
579:
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551:of the Hui).
550:
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458:
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261:Huáng Xiànfán
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235:Vangz Yenfanh
231:
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226:Huang Xianfan
221:
220:
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162:(八桂学派和无奴学派领袖)
161:
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119:Occupation(s)
117:
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86:Resting place
84:
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23:Huang Xianfan
20:
3972:Google books
3967:
3962:Google books
3957:
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3947:
3942:Google books
3937:
3932:Google books
3923:
3913:
3903:
3894:Google books
3889:
3870:. Retrieved
3866:the original
3861:
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3806:
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2326:. Retrieved
2322:the original
2318:cnwest88.com
2317:
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2241:
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2012:
2003:
1994:
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1951:the original
1946:
1937:
1921:
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1887:
1871:
1855:
1839:
1823:
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1733:Guilin Daily
1728:
1717:Guilin Daily
1712:
1696:
1680:
1665:
1642:
1626:
1610:
1602:February 10
1594:
1576:
1558:
1550:Vol.1, No.1
1542:
1526:
1510:
1502:Vol.1, No.2
1494:
1486:Vol.1, No.1
1478:
1462:
1454:Vol.4, No.8
1446:
1430:
1422:Vol.2, No.4
1414:Ming Dynasty
1412:invaders in
1407:
1391:
1375:
1359:
1343:
1327:
1311:
1295:
1279:
1260:
1241:
1225:
1209:
1193:Yuan Dynasty
1190:
1174:
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1126:
1110:Zhou Dynasty
1107:
1091:
1075:
1059:
1043:
1035:Vol.2, No.6
1027:
1019:Vol.2, No.5
1010:Song Dynasty
1007:
999:Vol.3, No.5
991:
972:Song Dynasty
969:
953:Tang Dynasty
950:
934:
914:
906:Vol.1, No.8
898:
890:Vol.4, No.2
882:
874:Vol.4, No.1
863:
839:
829:Google books
820:
815:Google books
806:
800:Google books
789:
776:
760:
721:
715:
709:
703:
689:
683:
677:
668:
662:
656:
650:
636:
628:Song Dynasty
621:Tang Dynasty
613:
599:
582:
574:
570:
558:
543:of the Hui,
528:Fei Xiaotong
525:
516:
507:
498:
484:
475:
466:
462:
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439:
430:
421:
417:
413:
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338:
329:
325:
321:Qing dynasty
313:Fusui County
310:
296:
292:
269:
259:
225:
224:
217:
210:Chinese name
72:(1982-01-18)
3993:1982 deaths
3988:1899 births
3202:www.bbc.com
1922:Data source
1534:January 27
1263:Sui Dynasty
1244:Han Dynasty
1012:final phase
852:Publication
723:Nong Zhigao
639:Yin Dynasty
605:Major works
567:Later years
559:During the
549:Wang Yizhai
541:Ma Songting
532:Ou Baichuan
284:ethnologist
214:family name
114:(1935–1937)
94:Nationality
3982:Categories
3872:2012-02-11
3785:2024-07-12
3603:2024-07-12
3579:2024-07-12
3473:2024-07-12
3449:2024-07-12
3293:2024-07-12
3269:2024-07-12
3208:2024-07-12
3183:2024-07-12
3116:Zhou Enlai
2735:pp.80-104.
2328:2013-07-15
1929:References
1736:August 27
1720:August 10
1568:October 3
319:province,
266:Wade–Giles
51:1899-11-13
3862:Cuaes.org
3515:159059064
3402:159059064
3362:159059064
2943:159059064
2861:159059064
2680:159059064
2613:159059064
2513:159059064
2427:159059064
2301:159059064
2198:159059064
2158:159059064
2119:1004-6917
2093:159059064
1618:April 19
1507:1946–1947
1292:1941–1942
756:865591745
740:565332767
732:298790911
302:Biography
280:historian
104:Education
3928:Shanghai
3620:Archived
3225:Archived
1634:April 2
1410:Japanese
870:magazine
748:53184829
588:and the
545:Xiang Da
537:Long Yun
288:educator
278:Chinese
208:In this
189:Children
3884:Sources
2695:, 2018.
2466:, 2013.
1895:No.1-9
1704:No.2,3
1688:June 4
1586:May 10
980:monthly
868:Social
698:Nanning
692:Guangxi
317:Guangxi
197:Website
182:Teacher
156:leaders
80:, China
61:, China
3824:Taipei
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1783:Vol.1
1657:Vol.1
1649:Zhuang
1287:No.42
1252:No.37
1233:No.34
1051:No.30
961:No.13
794:
783:
769:
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730:
694:Zhuang
671:Zhuang
596:Family
578:Lu Xun
335:Career
276:Zhuang
268::
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256:pinyin
250::
242::
230:zhuang
212:, the
177:Spouse
160:School
148:father
78:Guilin
3720:2011.
3511:S2CID
3417:p.51.
3398:S2CID
3358:S2CID
2939:S2CID
2857:S2CID
2676:S2CID
2609:S2CID
2509:S2CID
2423:S2CID
2297:S2CID
2194:S2CID
2154:S2CID
2089:S2CID
1863:No.3
1831:No.9
1799:No.2
1752:No.2
1134:No.9
1118:No.8
1099:No.5
1083:No.3
983:No.1
926:No.5
917:China
849:Title
773:/K·13
219:Huang
128:CPPCC
59:Fusui
3501:ISBN
3388:ISBN
3348:ISBN
2929:ISBN
2847:ISBN
2666:ISBN
2599:ISBN
2499:ISBN
2413:ISBN
2287:ISBN
2184:ISBN
2144:ISBN
2115:ISSN
2079:ISBN
1900:2008
1884:2008
1868:2007
1852:2007
1836:1985
1820:1985
1804:1983
1788:1982
1772:1981
1757:1981
1741:1981
1725:1980
1709:1980
1693:1979
1677:1963
1662:1963
1651:and
1639:1962
1623:1962
1607:1957
1591:1957
1573:1956
1555:1955
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1491:1943
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1004:1936
988:1936
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931:1933
911:1933
895:1932
879:1932
860:1932
846:Year
792:ISBN
781:ISBN
767:ISBN
752:OCLC
744:OCLC
736:OCLC
728:OCLC
286:and
146:The
67:Died
41:Born
3493:doi
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