109:
43:
282:. They were divided into at least ten family units, each possessing a strip of land running from inland hunting grounds to the seashore. Nuclear families (five or six people) would migrate individually through their extended family's territory, occasionally joining up with other nuclear families. Groups from several territories would gather for rites, exchanging gifts, and exploiting stranded whales.
294:. The Haush obtained a large part of their food from marine sources. Analysis of bones from burial sites on Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego indicate that the pre-European contact Selk'nam obtained most of the meat they ate from guanacos and other land animals, while the pre-European contact Haush, like the Yahgan, obtained the majority of the meat they ate from marine sources, including seals and
271:
being colder and having more rain, fog and wind than the northern sub-area. Furlong states that the Haush territory was from Cape San Pablo to Good
Success Bay, with only an occasional trip as far west as Sloggett Bay, and that their principal settlements were at Cape San Pablo, Polycarpo Cove, False Cove, Thetis Bay, Cape San Diego and Good Success Bay.
249:
would have been a formidable barrier to reaching the Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego. The Selk'nam had a tradition that a land bridge had once connected the island to the mainland, but later collapsed. Lothrop dismissed that as geologically implausible. Furlong suggested that canoe
Indians (Yahgan or
262:
The Haush may have occupied all of the Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego several thousand years ago, before the Selk'nam reached the island. Many place names in what was Selk'nam territory in historical times are identified as Haush. After crossing over from the mainland, the Selk'nam are presumed to
270:
to Caleta Falsa on
Polycarpo Bay. The southern sub-area extended from Caleta Falsa around the eastern end of the Mitre Peninsula to Sloggett Bay. The northern sub-area has more favorable conditions for habitation. The southern sub-area, which is now virtually uninhabited, has harsher conditions,
301:
They shared many customs with their neighbors the Selk'nam, such as using small bows and stone-tipped arrows, using animal skins (from guanacos, as did the Selk'nam, but also from seals) for the few items of clothing they used (capes, foot coverings and, for the women, small "figleafs"), and an
351:
The Haush population declined after
European contact. In 1915, Furlong estimated that about twenty families, or 100 Haush, were left early in the 19th century, but later estimated that 200 to 300 Haush remained in 1836. By 1891, only 100 were estimated to be left, and by 1912, fewer than ten.
347:
aboard, visited Tierra del Fuego in 1832. Darwin noted the resemblance of the Haush to the "Patagonians" he had seen earlier in the voyage, and stated they were very different from the "stunted, miserable wretches further westward", apparently referring to the Yahgan.
329:(Good Success Bay). There they encountered fifteen Haush men, who helped the Spaniards secure water and wood for their ships. The Spaniards reported seeing fifty huts in the Haush camp, by far the largest gathering of Haush ever reported.
388:
Furlong states that the Haush were not "a canoe people, though there seems to be some evidence that during the quieter season of the year some of them used canoes." Lothrop reported that the Haush "had never used a
934:
924:
266:
The Haush territory was split into two sub-areas. The northern sub-area, adjacent to Selk'nam territory, extended along the east coast of the island from
929:
318:. Land to their west, still in the northeast of Tierra del Fuego, was occupied by the Selk'nam, a related linguistic and cultural group, but distinct.
238:, and the three groups are presumed to have developed from a predecessor group in mainland Patagonia. The three groups were hunters, particularly of
234:
Most authors believe that the Haush were the first people to occupy Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego. The Haush are related to the Selk'nam and
753:
732:
361:
ministered to the Manek'enk, and produced texts that document their culture and language. Father José María
Beauvoir prepared a vocabulary.
336:
encountered the Haush in 1769. Captain Cook wrote that the Haush "are perhaps as miserable a set of people as are this day upon earth."
810:(March 1917). "Tribal Distribution and Settlements of the Fuegians, Comprising Nomenclature, Etymology, Philology, and Populations".
870:
222:. Since the Selk'nam probably met the Yahgan people primarily in Haush territory, Furlong speculates that the Selk'nam borrowed
137:
108:
42:
337:
333:
322:
298:. As guanacos were relatively scarce in Haush territory, they probably traded with the Selk'nam for guanaco skins.
793:
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At the time of
European encounter and settlement, the Haush inhabited the far eastern tip of the island on
881:
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332:
A Jesuit priest on a ship that visited Good
Success Bay in 1711 described the Haush as "quite docile".
279:
246:
882:"Stable isotope analysis of human bone and ethnohistoric subsistence patterns in Tierra del Fuego"
827:
807:
251:
164:
141:
113:
92:
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Yesner, David R.; Torres, Maria Jose
Figuerero; Guichon, Ricardo A.; Borrero, Luis A. (2003).
866:
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have killed or absorbed most of the Haush, and pushed the remnants into the Mitre
Peninsula.
144:(also known as Ona) people who also lived on the Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, and to the
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865:. Patagonia inedita. Vol. 20 (Reprint ed.). Ushuaia: Zagier & Urruty.
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reached the eastern end of the Mitre
Peninsula, in a bay that the expedition named
207:
840:
767:
743:
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European Encounters with the Yamana People of Cape Horn, Before and After Darwin
369:
798:(2nd ed.). London: John Murray. Chapter X. Tierra del Fuego – via
321:
The first contact between the Haush and Europeans occurred in 1619, when the
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family, were similar, although mutually intelligible "only with difficulty".
295:
149:
58:
17:
713:
366:
355:
906:
239:
100:
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Drama and Power in a Hunting Society: The Selk'nam of Tierra Del Fuego
845:
Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Congress of Americanists
772:
Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Congress of Americanists
823:
372:
in Tierra del Fuego, compiled a dictionary of the Haush language.
365:, an Anglo-Argentine born in the region, whose father had been an
302:
initiation ritual for male youth. Their languages, part of the
47:
Map showing the location of the Haush in the Southern Patagonia
480:
478:
476:
698:"New data on the archaeology of the Haush, Tierra del Fuego"
179:. Several authors state that their name for themselves was
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841:"The Haush And Ona, Primitive Tribes Of Tierra Del Fuego"
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140:. They were related culturally and linguistically to the
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As the Haush and Selk'nam did not use watercraft, the
254:) carried the Haush and Selk'nam across the Straits.
226:
as the name of the people from the Yahgan language.
242:, and do not have any history of using watercraft.
86:
76:
64:
52:
839:Furlong, Charles Wellington (December 1915).
535:
484:
450:
8:
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132:were an Indigenous people who lived on the
935:Extinct Indigenous peoples of the Americas
171:(also known as Yámana) people called them
112:1917 map of Tierra del Fuego showing some
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702:Journal de la société des américanistes
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925:Indigenous peoples in Tierra del Fuego
886:Journal of Anthropological Archaeology
768:"Fuegian and Chonoan Tribal Relations"
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334:The first expedition led by James Cook
27:Indigenous people of Tierra del Fuego
7:
53:Regions with significant populations
25:
930:Hunter-gatherers of South America
863:The Indians of Tierra del Fuego
202:in general. Furlong notes that
191:reported, however, that in the
163:was the name given them by the
138:Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego
748:. Cambridge University Press.
1:
898:10.1016/S0278-4165(03)00040-0
696:; Hester, Thomas R. (1973).
616:, pp. 432–444, 446–447.
120:, and Haush settlement sites
808:Furlong, Charles Wellington
794:The Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle
536:Chapman & Hester (1973)
485:Chapman & Hester (1973)
451:Chapman & Hester (1973)
252:Kawésqar (Alacalufe) people
82:Traditional tribal religion
951:
323:Garcia de Nodal expedition
91:
81:
69:
57:
40:
859:Lothrop, Samuel Kirkland
792:Journal of Researches (
742:Chapman, Anne (2010).
721:Chapman, Anne (1982).
206:has no meaning in the
121:
714:10.3406/jsa.1973.2088
148:of southern mainland
111:
87:Related ethnic groups
563:Yesner et al. (2003)
812:Geographical Review
565:, pp. 279–291.
538:, pp. 191–192.
247:Straits of Magellan
37:
122:
800:Project Gutenberg
766:(December 1915).
755:978-0-521-51379-1
734:978-0-521-23884-7
628:, pp. 22–23.
327:Bahia Buen Suceso
208:Selk'nam language
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165:Selk'nam people
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892:(3): 279–291.
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818:(3): 169–187.
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665:Furlong (1917)
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641:Chapman (1982)
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592:, p. 109.
590:Lothrop (2002)
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578:Furlong (1915)
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551:Furlong (1917)
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524:Chapman (2010)
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512:Lothrop (2002)
501:
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497:Furlong (1917)
489:
487:, p. 188.
472:
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468:Furlong (1915)
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439:Lothrop (2002)
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189:Martin Gusinde
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848:. Retrieved
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778:November 12,
776:. Retrieved
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655:, Chapter X.
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30:Ethnic group
18:Haush people
907:11336/34251
276:patrilineal
177:Eastern Ona
919:Categories
850:2009-08-16
397:References
370:missionary
280:patrilocal
196:Manek'enkn
185:Manek'enkn
175:, meaning
173:Italum Ona
861:(2002) .
790:(1913) .
774:: 446–447
296:sea lions
258:Territory
236:Tehuelche
181:Manek'enk
150:Patagonia
130:Manek'enk
97:Tehuelche
65:Languages
59:Argentina
36:Manek'enk
367:Anglican
356:Salesian
240:guanacos
210:, while
142:Selk'nam
114:Selk'nam
93:Selk'nam
77:Religion
687:Sources
343:, with
286:Culture
230:Origins
218:in the
136:of the
101:Teushen
869:
832:207659
830:
752:
731:
389:boat."
340:Beagle
304:Chonan
214:means
200:people
169:Yahgan
118:Yahgan
828:JSTOR
376:Notes
224:haush
212:haush
204:Haush
161:Haush
126:Haush
71:Haush
34:Haush
867:ISBN
780:2020
750:ISBN
729:ISBN
338:HMS
278:and
216:kelp
156:Name
124:The
902:hdl
894:doi
820:doi
710:doi
183:or
152:.
128:or
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843:.
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