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that the mainstay of retirement research, the
Retirement History Study (RHS), conducted from 1969 to 1979, was no longer adequately addressing contemporary retirement issues. For example, the RHS sample underrepresented women, Blacks, and Hispanics who, by the mid-1980s were a growing part of the labor force. The RHS also did not ask about health or physical or mental function, all of which can affect the decision and ability to retire. Moreover, research on the retirement process was fragmented, with economists, sociologists, psychologists, epidemiologists, demographers, and biomedical researchers proposing and conducting studies within their own "silos," often without regard to the relevant research activities of other disciplines.
166:), India (The Longitudinal Aging Study in India or LASI) and New Zealand (Health, Work and Retirement Study). Population aging is very rapid in Asia and India and China alone will have more than one billion people over age 60 during this century. CHARLS is headed by a team at the Chinese Center for Economic Research (CCER) at Peking University under the direction of Professor Zhao Yaohui. LASI is jointly headed by a team from Harvard University under the direction of Professor David Bloom and the International Institute of Population Studies (IIPS) in Mumbai India. Both CHARLS and LASI were awarded peer review grants to conduct pilot studies by the National Institute of Aging in the United States. Other studies include:
131:, who led the effort to initiate the HRS, Robert J. Willis, the Director from 1995 to 2007, and David R. Weir, the current Director. HRS relies on the contributions of the HRS co-investigators, a multidisciplinary group of leading academic researchers at the University of Michigan and other institutions nationwide, a steering committee and working groups, which have provided critical advice about the study’s design and monitored its progress, and the NIA-HRS Data Monitoring Committee, an advisory group of independent members of the academic research community and representatives of agencies interested in the study.
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114:. In early 1988 the panel recommended the initiation of a new, long-term study to examine the ways in which older adults’ changing health interacts with social, economic, and psychological factors and retirement decisions. Government experts and academic researchers from diverse disciplines were recruited to collaboratively create and design the study. Ultimately, relevant executive agencies and the
94:(NIA). The study interviews approximately 20,000 respondents every two years on subjects like health care, housing, assets, pensions, employment and disability. The study is managed through a cooperative agreement (NIA U01AG009740) between the NIA, which provides primary funding, and the ISR, which administers and conducts the survey. Beginning in 2012, HRS began adding
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The HRS is designed to inform the national retirement discussion as the population ages. The inspiration for the HRS emerged in the mid-1980s, when scientists at NIA and elsewhere recognized the need for a new national survey of
America’s expanding older population. By that time, it had become clear
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Gustman, A. L., Mitchell, O. S., Samwick, A. A., and
Steinmeier, T. L. Evaluating Pension Entitlements. In: Forecasting Retirement Needs and Retirement Wealth, eds. Mitchell, O., Hammond, B., and Rappaport, A. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. pp.
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Many individuals and institutions have contributed to the planning, design, development, and ongoing administration of the study. This includes the study’s leadership at the
Institute for Social Research, specifically the first HRS Director,
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Rodgers, W.L. and Herzog, A.R. Collecting data about the oldest old: Problems and procedures. In: The Oldest Old, eds., Richard M. Suzman, David P. Willis, and
Kenneth G. Manton. New York: Oxford University Press. 1992. pp.
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Sonnega, A., Faul, J., Ofstedal, M.B., Langa, K., Phillips, J., & Weir, D. (2014). Cohort profile: the Health and
Retirement Study (HRS). International Journal of Epidemiology, 43, 576-585. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyu067
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French, E., Jones, J. & McCauley, J. (2017). The
Accuracy of Economic Measurement in the Health and Retirement Study. Forum for Health Economics and Policy, 0(0), pp. -. Available at doi:10.1515/fhep-2017-0001
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The
Gateway to Global Aging Data, a resource that facilitates the use and harmonization of the different datasets of HRS and sister studies in other countries has been developed with support of the
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Pension
Research Council, the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Ed. by Olivia S. Mitchell .... (2000), Mitchell, Olivia; Hammond, P. Brett; Rappaport, Anna M. (eds.),
82:(HRS) is a longitudinal survey of a representative sample of Americans over age 50 conducted by the Survey Research Center (SRC) at the Institute for Social Research (ISR) at the
258:
Hurd, M.D., Juster F.T. and Smith J.P. Enhancing the
Quality of Data on Income: Recent Innovations from the HRS. In: Journal of Human Resources, 38 (3), Summer 2003, pp. 758-772.
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Wealth, Work, and Health: Innovations in Measurement in the Social Sciences: Essays in honor of F. Thomas Juster, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1999.
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The HRS has a number of sister studies in other countries. In recent years, the HRS has been extended to several Asian countries, including Korea (
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from consenting participants to its database. The economic measures captured by the data in the HRS are regarded as being of very high quality.
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has provided technical advice and substantial support for the study. Over the HRS’s history, other important contributors have included the
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recognized the value of this major social science investment, and the HRS was established.
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Determining that a new approach was needed, an Ad Hoc Advisory Panel was convened by the
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Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, and the State of
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the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA)
162:), Japan (the Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement or JSTAR), China (
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223:, National Institutes of Health (RC2 AG036619-01 and R01 AG030153)
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Growing Older in America: The Health and Retirement Study
280:, Washington, DC, National Institutes of Health, 2012.
278:"NIA adds genetic data to Health and Retirement Study"
249:, Washington, DC, National Institutes of Health, 2007.
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United States Department of Health and Human Services
142:’s Pension and Welfare Benefits Administration, the
329:Forecasting Retirement Needs and Retirement Wealth
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212:the Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement (JSTAR)
164:the Chinese Health and Retirement Survey or CHARLS
180:Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe
160:the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging or KLoSA
200:The Irish LongituDinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)
185:New Zealand Health, Work and Retirement Survey
192:WHO's Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health
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66:Learn how and when to remove this message
207:the Chinese Health and Retirement Survey
203:Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI)
29:This article includes a list of general
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176:Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS)
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333:, University of Pennsylvania Press,
171:English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
188:Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging
35:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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140:United States Department of Labor
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375:Retirement in the United States
136:Social Security Administration
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238:National Institute on Aging,
355:Health and Retirement Study
221:National Institute on Aging
112:National Institute on Aging
92:National Institute on Aging
80:Health and Retirement Study
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122:Administrative Information
50:more precise citations.
116:United States Congress
84:University of Michigan
90:and supported by the
96:genetic information
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56:October 2015
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48:introducing
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