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inspection visits that were reported to the
Occupational Safety and Health Administration Integrated Management Information System between 1979 and 1997. Exposures ranged from less than 0.03 to 604 mg/m3, with an arithmetic mean of 7.93mg/m and a geometric mean of 1.86mg/m. Exposure levels decreased significantly over time; the unadjusted geometric mean was 4.59 mg/m3 in 1979 and 0.14 mg/m3 in 1997. Occupations with high exposure to wood dust included
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orbital hand sanders. Although these systems are not yet commercially available, more information can be obtained from the
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The following NIOSH Hazard Controls deal with horizontal belt sanders, large diameter disc sanders, random orbital hand sanders and orbital hand sanders respectively: HC4, HC 7, HC 8 and HC 9. Some of these systems are discussed below.
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concentration of respirable dust sampled upwind of the compost pile was 0.32 mg/m3. During loading and unloading of compost, samplers in the breathing zone detected inspirable dust at 0.74 mg/m3 and respirable dust at 0.42 mg/m3. Samples collected directly from the visible clouds of particles generated by compost agitation contained inspirable dust at 149 mg/m3 and respirable dust at 83 mg/m3 (Weber et al. 1993).
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Enclose horizontal belt sanders with exhaust hoods covering each end of the belt. These hoods control the dust carried by the belt. To further control dust emissions, install an additional hood above the area where the wood is processed. To increase the effectiveness of this system, add a narrow hood
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method, whereby a sampling pump is used to collect a known volume of air through a special membrane filter contained in a plastic cassette. Some sampling studies reported that the particle size distribution varied according to the woodworking operation, with sanding producing smaller particles than
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Enclose disc sanders with an exhaust hood, installed below the table; cover the back of the sanding disc at points above the worktable. A system has been developed that supplies pressurized air to the disc inside the hood. The jet of high speed air blows dust particles out of the disc air layer so
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tested with flat wood samples produced total dust concentrations ranging from 0.002 mg/m3 with extraction to 0.699 mg/ m3 without extraction; concentrations of respirable dust ranged from 0.001 mg/m3 with extraction to 0.088 mg/m3 without extraction. Comparable decreases in dust concentration were
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generally produce the greatest amount of dust. Conventional means for exhausting these machines are not very effective. NIOSH has developed means for controlling dust exposure from these machines. These methods either increase the exhaust volume or velocity, or supply pressurized air to help blow
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Control each head with an open-faced hood, located on the table behind the head. For additional protection, use a combination of fixed and adjustable hoods. A fixed open-faced hood can be attached to the rear of the table between the shaper heads. Movable open-faced hoods also can be used on the
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Sanders produce a considerable amount of dust and are difficult to control. Conventional methods do not effectively remove dust. New innovative systems have been developed for controlling dust emissions from horizontal belt sanders, large-diameter disc sanders, random orbital hand sanders, and
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that can easily float in the air and bypass a lung's natural filter. These small particles clog up air passageways within the lungs. Symptoms such as sneezing, watery eyes and breathing problems are the first signs of damaging sawdust exposure. Shortness of breath, decreased lung capacity and
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The
National Occupational Exposure Survey (conducted from 1981 to 1983) estimated that nearly 600,000 workers were exposed to woods (NIOSH 1990). Teschke et al. (1999) analyzed 1,632 measurements of personal time-weighted-average airborne wood-dust concentrations in 609 establishments on 634
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containing wood dust. One study measured dust concentrations resulting from handling of compost material consisting of successive layers of chopped leaves, bark, and wood; visible clouds of fine particles were easily generated when the compost material was agitated. The reported background
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on the drive units of belt-driven exhaust fans for slippage or breakage. Make sure the duct velocity is maintained at a minimum of 2,500 to 4,000 feet per minute to effectively remove light, dry saw dust, heavy wood chips, and green shavings, and to prevent these from plugging the
200:, rubber, and plastics products industries, in sanding, pattern making, and mill and saw operations. The lowest exposures occurred in industrial pattern-making facilities, paper and paperboard mills, schools and institutional training facilities, and veneer and plywood mills.
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Both the skin and respiratory system can become sensitized to wood dust. When a person becomes sensitized to wood dust, he or she can suffer severe allergic reactions (such as asthma or dermatitis) after repeated exposure or exposure to lower concentrations of the dust.
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and velocity) of the air-flow. Particles with a diameter larger than 5 μm (inspirable particles) are deposited almost completely in the nose, whereas particles 0.5 to 5 μm in diameter (respirable particles) are deposited in the lower airways (IARC 1981, 1995).
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in combination with a perforated sanding pad. The aspirator creates a vacuum that draws wood dust up through the holes of the sanding pad. An innovative dust control system has been developed that uses additional exhaust and a slottedanding
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For LEV systems to provide maximum protection, they should be properly maintained. Check and clean ducts and dust collectors at regular intervals. Inspect ducts to ensure that they are not loose, broken, or damaged. Check the
266:, total dust concentrations ranged from 0.22 mg/m with external dust extraction to 3.74 mg/m without extraction, and concentrations of respirable dust ranged from 0.003 mg/m3 with extraction to 0.936 mg/m3 without extraction.
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should be located as close as possible to the emission source, either on the woodworking machinery itself or near to the machine. The local exhaust systems should have an efficient air cleaning device.
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is a simple way to prevent sawdust exposure. Any sawdust remaining on the ground is prone to being kicked up and inhaled. Vacumming regularly after each cut will minimize any exposure.
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A new dust control plenum has been designed for orbital sanders. The plenum fits between the sanding pad and the sander body and has a series of exhaust slots along its edges.
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632:. To decrease the open area between the table and the lower hood, attach a strip of flexible material to the machinery that will cover this area when the hood operates.
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is inhaled, it is deposited in the nose, throat, and other airways. The amount of dust deposited within the airways depends on the size, shape, and density of the dust
309:. Different species of wood can cause different toxic effects. Human body absorbs the chemicals in the wood through the lungs, skin and digestive system, resulting in
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sawing, but others found no consistent differences (IARC 1995). The majority of the wood-dust mass was reported to be contributed by particles larger than 10 μm in
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For increased dust control, add a local exhaust hood above the top of the saw blade. The hood should be integrated with the guard on the upper part of the blade.
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Place open-faced hoods above the spinning heads of planers. Each head can be ventilated separately, or one hood can be used to control several heads.
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Provide LEV under the blade slot. To increase the collection area of the hood, add holes (1/8 inch in diameter) in the table around the ot area.
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operator in the furniture industry (7.46 mg/m3), and sander in the wood cabinet industry (5.83 mg/m3). High exposures occurred in the chemical,
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For further information on control of wood dust from circular and other kinds of table saws, please consult the NIOSH Hazard
Controls 10.
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Wood dust is emitted at high velocity by moving or spinning machine components. The primary method of controlling wood dust is with
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permissible exposure limit for nuisance dust is 15 mg/m3 , total dust (5 mg/m3 , respirable fraction) 8 hour time weighted average.
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Place two open-faced hoods behind the heads of the router table. Connect the hoods to the exhaust ductwork via a flexible hose.
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has been identified as a particularly dusty process that leads to dust exposure. Wood-dust concentrations vary with type of
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For increased dust control, add a small open-faced hood along the side of the moulder between the main head and the worker.
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or particles, and are especially dangerous. When cut, these chips and particles are released into the air, only smaller.
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diameter; however, between 61% and 65% of the particles by count measured between 1 and 5 μm in diameter (IARC 1995).
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Some woodworkers may have allergic reactions to certain woods, which can amplify the symptoms above if not treated.
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Without proper hand protection or generous washing, rashes and scaling are a common symptom of sawdust exposure
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Place open-faced hoods around the spinning components of moulders. Each head should be separately controlled.
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table. For further information please consult the NIOSH Hazard
Controls 5: Wood Dust from Shapers.
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or collector can be attached to most woodworking machinery, collecting any sawdust automatically.
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workers, cleaning or maintenance staff (sawdust generation or reintroduction), and workers in
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have the capability to filter out big chunks of sawdust. However, the main risk are the fine
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569:(LEV), which removes dust at or near its source. LEV systems can often be integrated with
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Other common symptoms associated with wood dust exposure include skin and eye irritation;
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Place an open-faced hood attached to a movable mechanical arm at the point of operation.
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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Government of Canada, Canadian Centre for
Occupational Health and Safety (2023-06-13).
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1151:"List of Classifications, Agents classified by the IARC Monographs, Volumes 1–124"
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One way to prevent sawdust exposure is by wearing the gear for woodworking.
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and long but fitting clothes will prevent sawdust from irritating the skin.
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can be caused from long exposure of sawdust with direct contact with skin.
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Sawdust is most commonly generated when working with wood, whether it be
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produce above average amounts of sawdust due to being primarily made of
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Wood dust usually is measured as the concentration of airborne dust, by
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Exhaust the saw through the bottom of the table. Provide LEV under the
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in woodworkers. This is particularly true when exposures are high.
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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has set a recommended exposure level of 1 mg/m3 total dust. The
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that involves cutting, either by hand or machine, releases
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observed when dust extraction was used with electrical
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has recommended a 0.5 mg/m3 Threshold Limit Value for
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Exposure to wood dust also occurs through handling of
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United States
Department of Health and Human Services
1023:"Report on Carcinogens, Fifteenth Edition, Wood Dust"
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dust particles from the machine into an exhaust hood.
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IARC Monographs on the
Evaluation of Risk to Humans
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1308:of food, drink, and use of natural substances
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1258:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
1119:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
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192:in the wood products industry (12.3 mg/m3),
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618:LEV recommendations for individual machines
16:Health impacts of sawdust on the human body
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1270:What's the Best Way to Cut Thick Steel?
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428:allergic reactions in the lungs (e.g.,
1206:"The Hidden Health Dangers of Sawdust"
745:Dust control plenum for orbital sander
596:Improved hood configuration for shaper
463:is the leading symptom, followed with
246:Angle grinder § Safety and health
23:Sawdust comes from cutting wood with
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1179:Zealand, WorkSafe New (2022-12-19).
976:"CCOHS: Wood Dust - Health Effects"
1256:from websites or documents of the
1240:from websites or documents of the
1181:"Wood dust: controlling the risks"
724:On random orbital sanders, use an
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560:Local exhaust hood for table saws
552:Local exhaust hood for table saws
90:, furniture, and cabinet making.
1252: This article incorporates
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1236: This article incorporates
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1420:Natural phenols and polyphenols
1488:Occupational safety and health
651:To collect wood dust from the
408:— have been reported to cause
58:and sawdust from a shop under
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924:Hierarchy of hazard controls
919:Health effects of wood smoke
430:hypersensitivity pneumonitis
376:effects. Certain species of
285:Health effects of pesticides
1204:Smith, Chris (2017-04-12).
352:Sawdust is an IARC group 1
333:, waterproofing compounds,
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1115:"eTool : Woodworking"
914:Health effects of coal ash
289:Brain health and pollution
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252:hand-held electric sanders
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111:particle size distribution
1483:Health effects by subject
909:Health impact of asbestos
567:local exhaust ventilation
221:This section needs to be
156:This section needs to be
313:, headaches, dizziness,
186:transportation equipment
737:LEV for orbital sanders
41:IARC group 1 Carcinogen
1254:public domain material
1238:public domain material
904:Environment and health
845:This section is empty.
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623:Circular saws
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576:
575:Exhaust hoods
572:
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558:
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532:December 2023
526:
522:
518:
515:This section
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372:based on its
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332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
299:nasal dryness
295:
290:
286:
278:
276:
274:
269:
265:
262:used to sand
261:
257:
253:
247:
236:
224:
219:
210:
209:
204:Dusty process
203:
201:
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38:
34:
26:
21:
1457:Sun exposure
1451:
1246:
1230:
1227:Attribution:
1226:
1225:
1213:. Retrieved
1209:
1199:
1188:. Retrieved
1184:
1159:. Retrieved
1154:
1145:
1123:. Retrieved
1118:
1030:. Retrieved
983:. Retrieved
980:www.ccohs.ca
979:
899:Formaldehyde
856:January 2024
853:
849:adding to it
844:
807:
757:
709:
699:
679:
668:
658:
641:
621:
529:
525:adding to it
516:
493:
478:
455:
419:
410:nasal cancer
351:
296:
292:
260:belt sanders
249:
233:January 2024
230:
222:
178:
168:January 2024
165:
157:
129:
108:
92:
80:shipbuilding
76:construction
65:
31:Any type of
30:
1503:Woodworking
519: with:
438:lung cancer
421:Human lungs
416:Respiratory
303:obstruction
120:aerodynamic
115:gravimetric
56:Wood veneer
33:woodworking
1477:Categories
1215:2023-10-20
1190:2023-10-20
1161:30 October
985:2023-10-20
956:References
929:Renovation
630:blade slot
498:Prevention
489:wood chips
475:Wood Types
354:Carcinogen
319:pesticides
283:See also:
244:See also:
103:turbulence
60:renovation
25:power tool
1351:Trans fat
1321:Chocolate
944:Wood glue
814:dust mask
726:aspirator
653:saw teeth
643:Band Saws
485:fiberwood
461:Itchiness
425:particles
380:—such as
343:varnishes
327:adhesives
325:, glues,
321:, paint,
198:petroleum
99:particles
93:When the
78:workers,
1437:Cannabis
1415:Caffeine
1361:Fructose
1336:Red meat
1185:WorkSafe
939:Wood ash
868:See also
797:dust bag
685:Moulders
660:Jointers
469:blisters
386:mahogany
378:hardwood
347:sealants
339:lacquers
88:sawmills
47:Exposure
1462:Tobacco
1384:Alcohol
759:Routers
711:Sanders
681:Planers
670:Shapers
610:routers
606:shapers
602:Sanders
588:system.
585:V-belts
481:plywood
250:Use of
223:updated
184:in the
158:updated
139:Workers
132:compost
84:logging
68:sanding
37:sawdust
1389:Coffee
1125:29 Oct
1121:. OSHA
1032:29 Oct
820:Gloves
790:vacuum
701:Lathes
608:, and
465:rashes
434:asthma
404:, and
394:walnut
374:asthma
356:. The
331:resins
315:cramps
305:; and
264:dowels
182:sander
72:sawing
1430:Other
1377:Drink
1356:Sugar
1331:Honey
1326:Dairy
1026:(PDF)
398:birch
390:beech
366:ACGIH
362:NIOSH
194:lathe
1498:Saws
1493:Dust
1399:Wine
1341:Salt
1314:Food
1163:2023
1127:2023
1034:2023
729:pad.
444:Skin
436:and
358:OSHA
345:and
335:dyes
301:and
287:and
95:dust
1394:Tea
851:.
527:.
483:or
406:ash
402:elm
382:oak
1479::
1260:.
1244:.
1208:.
1183:.
1171:^
1153:.
1117:.
1052:^
994:^
978:.
964:^
812:A
795:A
788:A
604:,
573:.
467:,
440:.
400:,
396:,
392:,
388:,
384:,
341:,
337:,
329:,
275:.
86:,
70:,
43:.
1298:e
1291:t
1284:v
1218:.
1193:.
1165:.
1140:.
1129:.
1047:.
1036:.
988:.
858:)
854:(
683:/
534:)
530:(
235:)
231:(
225:.
170:)
166:(
160:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
