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can use its fairway. LNWL is usually defined as the water level that the river surface stays mostly above at the times when the river is navigable (e. g., during the ice-free season in Europe), so that the river level on average stays below the LNWL only for a fixed small portion of a year. For
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might become too shallow for large ("target", "design") ships, or too high, when it might become impossible for the target ships to pass under the bridges. The goal of establishing the reference water levels is to balance the safety of navigation and economic value of the waterway (for example,
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but allows the use of larger ships). Reference levels are set up based on statistics obtained from the multi-decadal observations (typically 30 years).
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Muilerman, Gert-Jan; Maierbrugger, Gudrun; Armbrecht, Henrik; Schepper, Karin de; Turf, Sim; Liere, Richard van; Quispel, Martin (2018).
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effects, usually at the levels observed 1% of the time) and the effect of water level changes due to the operation of
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The high reference water level (MHW) is sometimes set to accommodate the short-term variations (for example,
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84:) or, alternatively, corresponds to 5–6% of the ice-free period on European rivers (6% on
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example, in Europe the limit of time below LNWL is 20 ice-free days per year (e. g., on
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Wang, Lu; Xie, Ping; Xu, Chong-Yu; Sang, Yan-Fang; Chen, Jie; Yu, Tao (2 August 2021).
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Inventory of Main
Standards and Parameters of the E Waterway Network (Blue Book)
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Good
Navigation Status: guidelines towards achieving a Good Navigation Status
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42:allowing the full use of the waterway for
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51:increase of the low level shortens the
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162:(ideal minimum channel depth, TuGlW).
382:(3rd ed.). New York and Geneva:
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410:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
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158:that corresponds to the nominal
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93:highest navigable water level
18:Highest navigable water level
69:lowest navigable water level
63:Free-flowing rivers use the
27:River navigation parameters
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236:10.1007/s00477-021-02058-1
148:Gleichwertiger Wasserstand
65:low navigable water level
103:Regulated rivers, canals
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140:equivalent water level
134:Equivalent water level
32:reference water levels
467:Water transport stubs
324:Muilerman et al. 2018
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38:to define a range of
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312:UNECE 2017
183:References
44:navigation
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260:1436-3240
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166:See also
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113:canals
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67:(also
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128:weirs
124:locks
120:tidal
82:Rhine
77:draft
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360:ISBN
256:ISSN
126:and
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